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12.6 In acid-base reactions, the equilibrium favors the formation of the weaker acid and weaker base. As the strength of an acid increases, the pKₐ decreases. - Na + OH a) + CH₃CH₂O Na + + CH₃CH₂OH Phenol (pKₐ = 10) is a stronger acid than ethanol (pKₐ = 16), so the equilibrium favors the products. OH + HOCO Na + b) + HOCOH Phenol is a weaker acid than carbonic acid = 6.35), so the reactants are favored. 12.7 a) Hexanal b) 5-Methyl-3-hexanone c) (Z)-4-Methyl-2-hexenal d) p-Chlorobenzaldehyde e) 5-(2-Methylpropyl)-3-cycloheptenone f) 2,4-Pentanedione g) 3-Phenylcyclopentanone h) 4-Methylpent-3-en-2-one 12.8 o a) b) c) CH₂=CHCH=CHCH H o CH d) e) PhCCH₂CH₃ f) CH₃ CH₃ 194