Prévia do material em texto
21/11/2018 EPS: Alunos http://simulado.estacio.br/alunos/ 1/4 LEITURA E REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA 201512812757 1a Questão In order to be able to make inferences and draw conclusions, the reader is supposed to use the following resources, EXCEPT: Non-linguistic context (non-verbal information): information presented on maps, tables, pictures, drawings Knowledge on textual organization: clues and information from the title, subtitles, thesis statements, etc. Linguistic context: clues which determine if the word is a noun, a verb, an adjective, etc. Semantic context: the meaning of the text as a whole, i.e., to guess the meaning of the words and ideas based on the context, taking into consideration the words, phrases and sentences which precede and proceed them, and which contribute to the construction of the text as a whole. Background or previous knowledge: When you use this strategy, you are able to create hypotheses about the themes you are going to read about in the texts. Afterwards, when you read the texts, you can agree or modify your first impressions about them. Explicação: Background or previous knowledge: knowledge the reader already has about the subject of the text. 2a Questão Leia com atenção a situação abaixo e relacione-a com a técnica de leitura a qual se assemelha, assinalando a respectiva opção: When you look for a number in a telephone directory, you do not read all the text. Instead, you prefer to hurry over the text until you find the information you want. When doing so, which reading subskill are you applying? extensive reading skimming reading for gist scanning intensive reading Explicação: Scanning helps the reader obtain information from the text without need reading all text. It is a quick preview of the text, you just read the information contained in that space. You do the scanning moving your eyes from up to down and vice-verse, looking for the main words, or specific phrases or key words, etc. When you are doing the scanning pay attention to the punctuations of the author, such us, marks with numbers, letters, asterisk, etc. Look for underlined word, words in bold, in italic, different sizes of letters or words. This process is useful, like already said, for whom wants to find specific information, such as, a name, a date of birth, a phone number in a list, a word in a dictionary and so on. 3a Questão Leia o texto com atenção e assinale a razão apontada para o autor como sendo a responsável por manter a religião viva no coração humano. . World Religions From the earliest known the evidence of human religion by Homo sapiens neanderthalensis around 100,000 years ago to the present day, religion continues to be a very influential aspect of human lives. Today, there are numerous challenges and problems faced by humans from every possible background, location and social class. Every day people must face issues of health, safety and mortality. It is because of these daily challenges that religion continues to exist. Religion is the universal tool for explaining things which we do not understand through the context the known physical world. Although there are countless religions, each different from the other, they all serve the same purpose. Each answers questions which all humans seem to be programmed to ask: Why are we here? Everyday challenges and problems faced by humans. 21/11/2018 EPS: Alunos http://simulado.estacio.br/alunos/ 2/4 Violence and stress motivgate people to look for comfort in religion. Religion can explain things that cannot be understood by human mind. Fear from eternal damnation make people run to churches. Different backgrounds are a plausible reason. Explicação: Today, there are numerous challenges and problems faced by humans from every possible background, location and social class. Every day people must face issues of health, safety and mortality. It is because of these daily challenges that religion continues to exist. Gabarito Coment. 4a Questão Leia o texto abaixo e assinale a alternativa que explica por que "The legacy of environmental catastrophes is, instead, a hybrid of amnesia and habituation": HOW QUICKLY WE FORGET OUR ADDICTION TO CHEAP ENERGY HAS A WAY OF CLOUDING MEMORIES OF EVEN THE MOST VIVID DISASTERS By Sharon Begley | NEWSWEEK Published May 7, 2010 The legacy of environmental catastrophes is, instead, a hybrid of amnesia and habituation. That is, the public forgets more quickly now than in the past, and understands that no source of energy is risk-free. Coal kills miners, including the 25 in West Virginia last month. Natural-gas pipelines sometimes explode and occasionally kill, as in a 2000 accident that left 12 people dead in New Mexico. Nuclear reactors, despite industry assurances, will never be risk-free; no technology is. The "risks" of renewable such as wind and solar are higher energy prices, which too many people are less acceptable than the environmental and human costs of fossil fuel. "There has been a generational change in risk tolerance," says engineering professor Henry Petroski of Duke University, author of the 2010 book The Essential Engineer. "The public has become more familiar with the concept of risk, and the fact that it is ubiquitous. The bumper sticker S--T HAPPENS used to be a fringe phenomenon, but now it's mainstream: people have become resigned to risk." People are very concerned about the risks of energy production. These diseases are caused by long hours of work in natural-gas pipelines. Our addiction to cheap energy made us too tolerant to the risks of energy production. Governments and society are planning new ways of obtaining cheap energy. These diseases are caused by long hours of work in coal mines. Explicação: That is, the public forgets more quickly now than in the past, and understands that no source of energy is risk-free. Gabarito Coment. 5a Questão Leia o texto com atenção o anúncio e assinale a alternativa incorreta em relação ao que foi lido: (The New York Times) SECRETARY Leading architectural, engineering, and planning firm is seeking an entry-level secretary/receptionist for immediate replacement. Responsibilities include report preparation, correspondence, travel arrangements, and answering phones. The ideal candidate must have excellent client contact and organizational skills, as well as Microsoft Word and Excel. Bilingual (English/Spanish) a plus. Position offers a complete benefit package and salary is commensurate with experience. Please send/fax resume by November 11th to: STV/SILVER & ZISKIND 233 Park Avenue South New York, NY 10003 FAX: 212-473- 2780 Attn: V. Hall For more information on STV, visit our Web site: http://www.stvinc.com/ Mark the incorrect statement: The candidates should have various language skills. The advertisement was published in the newspaper by a big firm. https://v3.webcasters.com.br/Login.aspx?codTransmissao=274195&LoginExterno=urllogada@estacio.br&SenhaExterno=1234 https://v3.webcasters.com.br/Login.aspx?codTransmissao=274195&LoginExterno=urllogada@estacio.br&SenhaExterno=1234 https://v3.webcasters.com.br/Login.aspx?codTransmissao=319996&LoginExterno=urllogada@estacio.br&SenhaExterno=1234 https://v3.webcasters.com.br/Login.aspx?codTransmissao=319996&LoginExterno=urllogada@estacio.br&SenhaExterno=1234 21/11/2018 EPS: Alunos http://simulado.estacio.br/alunos/ 3/4 The selected candidate will be hired immediately. The firm promisses a fair salary and other advantages. The candidates should apply by e-mailing their resume. Explicação: Please send/fax resume by November 11th to: STV/SILVER & ZISKIND 233 Park Avenue South New York, NY 10003 FAX: 212-473- 2780 Attn: V. Hall For more information on STV, visit our Web site: http://www.stvinc.com/ Gabarito Coment. 6a Questão Sobre atividades pós-leitura, é correto afirmar que: They are essential to the development of the four skills anyone should develop when learning a language:reading, writing, speaking, and listening. They help students activate their background knowledge about important abilities, strategies and lexis which are going to be necessary in the text. They help students make sense of what they have just read and emphasize the need of going from reading a text to using what has been learnt from the text. They improve students¿ abilities to understand oral speech, as they are based on listening activities which precede the reading activity. They are generally useless in helping students understand the text they will be reading next, as they are not responsible for the activation of any prior knowledge. Explicação: The post-reading is a level in which the main focus is based on the relationship of the student´s world with the author´s ideas. 7a Questão "It enables readers to get a sense of what the text is about and how it is organized before reading it closely. This simple strategy includes seeing what you can learn from the headnotes or other introductory material." We are talking about. Skimming Scanning Prediction Inferences Guessing meaning from contexts Explicação: When you use this strategy, you are able to create hypotheses about the themes you are going to read about in the texts. Afterwards, when you read the texts, you can agree or modify your first impressions about them. When you use this strategy, you are mentally preparing yourself for the reading. Try to understand the title of the text, if there is a one, or search for any other visual clues because they generally function as a summary of the text. 8a Questão Leia o texto com atenção e, usando a técnica da inferência, assinale a alternativa que indica para que a palavra STAYCATION é usada: Staying Home for the Holidays: Strapped vacationers are discovering the attractions in their own backyards. Bad news for the global economy. Sophie Grove | NEWSWEEK/Published May 2, 2009 Juliet Murrell has packed her suitcase. But she's not going anywhere. The 28-year-old interior designer is vacationing at home this year. Murrell, who usually travels to southern France and beyond, is embarking on a "staycation," taking a fortnight off work to swim, http://v3.webcasters.com.br/Login.aspx?codTransmissao=296892&LoginExterno=urllogada@estacio.br&SenhaExterno=1234 http://v3.webcasters.com.br/Login.aspx?codTransmissao=296892&LoginExterno=urllogada@estacio.br&SenhaExterno=1234 21/11/2018 EPS: Alunos http://simulado.estacio.br/alunos/ 4/4 cycle and explore areas of her own city, East London, a former industrial zone that has a gritty charm but is hardly the Côte d'Azur. "You have to wake up in the morning with the spirit of adventure," she says. "It's about mentally reviving yourself and your environment." As the pound weakens to near parity with the euro, scores of Britons are canceling their trips to the Mediterranean or the French Riviera and braving the notoriously unpredictable weather at home. to express the parity between the pound and the euro in money market nowadays As a slang to define Londoners long vacations ahead as a synonym to Cote d¿Azur, southern France and East London as a slang to define the way Londoners are spending their holidays: at home nominate a mental travel throughout Europe