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Questão 1
I’m So Tired of Being Green
by Susan H. Greenberg
(1) I’ll admit it: I am a lapsed recycler. When confronted recently with an empty jar of peanut butter, rather than soak it in hot
water to remove every last smear before placing it in the recycling bin, I simply tossed the jar in the trash can (and quickly covered
it with greasy paper towels to avert the wrath of my eco-fanatic husband). In my mind, I made a quick and highly unscientific
calculation: saving the planet from one little plastic jar wasn’t worth my time or the hot water necessary to clean it.
(2) I may be wrong about that. But the fact is, I don’t know what to believe anymore. I’m sick of everyone from Al Gore to the guy
who mows my grass telling me to “go green.” I’m tired of sifting through the “eco-safe” claims of products as diverse as cleansers,
cars and cookies: recycled, recyclable, reusable, organic, all-natural, environmentally friendly, environmentally preferable,
environmentally safe, biodegradable, compostable, ozone-friendly, zero-carbon, carbon-neutral … the list is limited only by the
imaginations of the marketing geniuses who developed it. We are drowning in so many vague, dubious or breathlessly hyped
assertions that sometimes it’s easier just to throw the sticky peanut-butter jar away. “Confusion creates inner shock,” says
Suzanne Shelton, CEO of the Shelton Group, a U.S. marketing firm that monitors America’s environmental pulse. “And when
consumers are confused, they just do nothing.”
(3) I am not alone in my green fatigue. The Shelton Group’s latest study, Energy Pulse 2007, revealed that between 2006 and
2007, Americans’ enthusiasm for energy-efficient products and services fell across the board. Among its findings: the number of
green or energy-efficient activities consumers said they participated in — such as recycling or riding a bike to work instead of
driving — dropped from an average of 3.63 in 2006 to 3.0 last year. Furthermore, the number of respondents who considered
energy efficiency “important/extremely important” in deciding whether to buy a product fell from 72 to 67 percent. “We are really
seeing a backlash to the whole green thing,” says Shelton. “We’ve tested environmental messaging for some clients lately, and we
get a lot of eye rolls and deep sighs. We hear things like ‘I’m so tired of the green label being slapped on everything,’ ‘I’m so tired
of being guilted into being green’.”
(4) A new field, eco-psychology, has even arisen to help people cope with their mounting “eco-anxiety” — worries not just about
the planet’s health but also about their own environmental inadequacies. Melissa Pickett, a self-proclaimed eco-psychologist and
president of the SoulWays Center for Conscious Evolution, believes it’s only a matter of time before insurance companies recognize
it as a treatable psychological ailment. “I compare it to PTSD [post-traumatic stress disorder],” she says. “Years ago, there wasn’t a
label for it. There isn’t a diagnostic label [now] for green fatigue or eco-anxiety. At some point there probably will be.”
(5) We can only hope to live so long. The growing sense of green fatigue stems in part from the feeling that no matter what we do,
it will never be enough. I own a Toyota Camry hybrid, have replaced roughly a third of our light bulbs with compact fluorescent
ones — though I should confess I’ve changed a few back to incandescent because the time delay and cold light drove me crazy —
and recycle fairly religiously, hard-to-clean containers notwithstanding. Yet judging from
the daily news, the earth’s predicament grows only more dire: Ethiopian runner Haile Gebrselassie has pulled out of the Olympic
marathon because of Beijing’s toxic pollution. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently found that 345 of 700 American
counties monitored had air quality considered unsafe to breathe. “The discussion about changing our light bulbs, about washing
our laundry on a lower setting, all seem to be very petty approaches to what is being described as a great climate catastrophe,”
says James Panton, cofounder of the Manifesto Club, which is committed to preventing ecological disaster without limiting human
potential. “Changing a light bulb isn’t the way forward.”
(6) So what is? Environmental experts seem to agree that the best way to jolt consumers out of their green daze is to instigate
reforms from the top down, like putting a price on carbon and including airline emissions in CO2-reduction targets. “If there were
stronger infrastructural changes, then you would have a clear lead from the political and economic leadership of our society, and
you won’t have that kind of fatigue,” says Tim Baster, executive director of the
U.K.’s Climate Outreach and Information Network. “It’s individuals who get demoralized. There has to be collective action.” It takes
a village to recycle a peanut-butter jar.
(GREENBERG, Susan H. I’m So Tired of Being Green. Disponível em:. Acesso em: 28 set.
2008.)
 
ALL THE QUESTIONS IN THIS EXAM MUST BE ANSWERED IN ENGLISH
 
1ª QUESTÃO
USE YOUR OWN WORDS to answer the following questions according to the text in complete
sentences. DO NOT COPY FROM THE TEXT! Answers which are literally transcribed from the text will
NOT be considered.
1. Why does the author define herself as a “lapsed recycler” (paragraph 1)?
2. Why are American consumers getting confused about “going green”?
3. Before each item in the following list of “eco-safe claims”, mention one product it may apply to:
A) recyclable: ____________________.
B) organic: ____________________.
C) biodegradable: ____________________.
D) ozone-friendly: ____________________.
4. What does the expression “eye rolls and deep sighs” (paragraph 3) indicate in the clients’ reaction?
5. Explain the sentence “It takes a village to recycle a peanut-butter jar” (paragraph 6).
Gabarito:
As respostas abaixo são apenas exemplos de possíveis respostas.
1. Because she is not as obsessed as her husband about recycling everything.
2. Because they do not know what is true and what is not in the long list of environmental-safe items
and actions elaborated by the marketing firms.
3. a) paper; b) vegetables; c) detergent; d) non-spray deodorant.
4. It indicates that the clients are getting deeply bored by environmental messages.
5. It means that if the ecological actions were taken up collectively, that is, by government and
population together, they would be more effective and each one would feel that his/her attitude would
really matter.
Questão 2
1 It was once believed that being overweight was healthy, but nowadays few people subscribe to
this
2 viewpoint. While many people are fighting the battle to reduce weight, studies are being
conducted
3 concerning the appetite and how it is controlled by both emotional and biochemical factors.
Some of the
4 conclusions of these studies may give insights into how to deal with weight problems. For
example, when
5 several hundred people were asked about their eating habits in times of stress, 44 percent said
they reacted to
6 stressful situations by eating.
7 Further investigations with both humans and animals indicated that it is not food which relieves
tension but
8 rather the act of chewing. A test in which subjects were blindfolded showed that obese people
have a keener
9 sense of taste and crave more flavorful food than nonobese people. When deprived of the
variety and
10 intensity of tastes, obese people are not satisfied and consequently eat more to fulfill this need.
Blood samples
11 taken from people after they were shown a picture of food revealed that overweight people
reacted with an
12 increase in blood insulin, a chemical associated with appetite. This did not happen to average-
weight people.
13 In another experiment, results showed that certain people have a specific, biologically induced
hunger for
14 carbohydrates. Eating carbohydrates raises the level of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the
brain. Enough15 serotonin produces a sense of satiation, and hunger for carbohydrates subsides.
16 Exercise has been recommended as an important part of a weight-loss program. However, it
has been found
17 that mild exercise, such as using the stairs instead of the elevator, is better in the long run than
taking on a
18 strenuous program, such as jogging, which many people find difficult to continue over long
periods of time
19 and which also increases appetite.
Available at: . Aug. 2014. Adapted.
It can be inferred from the passage that
a) overweight people are tense.
b) thin people don’t eat when under stress.
c) weight watchers should chew on something inedible when tense.
d) 56 percent of the population isn't overweight.
Gabarito:
A
Resolução:
A alternativa correta é a A. Pode-se inferir da passagem que pessoas com sobrepeso são tensas,
como sugere o primeiro parágrafo do excerto no qual noticia-se estudos que relacionam o controle do
apetite com fatores emocionais e apontam que 44% dos sujeitos entrevistados sobre seus hábitos
alimentares revelaram reagir a situações estressantes por meio da ingestão de comida.
Questão 3
1 It was once believed that being overweight was healthy, but nowadays few people subscribe to
this
2 viewpoint. While many people are fighting the battle to reduce weight, studies are being
conducted
3 concerning the appetite and how it is controlled by both emotional and biochemical factors.
Some of the
4 conclusions of these studies may give insights into how to deal with weight problems. For
example, when
5 several hundred people were asked about their eating habits in times of stress, 44 percent said
they reacted to
6 stressful situations by eating.
7 Further investigations with both humans and animals indicated that it is not food which relieves
tension but
8 rather the act of chewing. A test in which subjects were blindfolded showed that obese people
have a keener
9 sense of taste and crave more flavorful food than nonobese people. When deprived of the
variety and
10 intensity of tastes, obese people are not satisfied and consequently eat more to fulfill this need.
Blood samples
11 taken from people after they were shown a picture of food revealed that overweight people
reacted with an
12 increase in blood insulin, a chemical associated with appetite. This did not happen to average-
weight people.
13 In another experiment, results showed that certain people have a specific, biologically induced
hunger for
14 carbohydrates. Eating carbohydrates raises the level of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the
brain. Enough
15 serotonin produces a sense of satiation, and hunger for carbohydrates subsides.
16 Exercise has been recommended as an important part of a weight-loss program. However, it
has been found
17 that mild exercise, such as using the stairs instead of the elevator, is better in the long run than
taking on a
18 strenuous program, such as jogging, which many people find difficult to continue over long
periods of time
19 and which also increases appetite.
Available at . Aug. 2014. Adapted.
In the sentence …it has been found that mild exercise… (l.17-18), the verb tense and its role
are, respectively:
a) present – finished action
b) present – unfinished action
c) present perfect – finished action
d) present perfect – unfinished action
Gabarito:
C
Resolução:
A alternativa correta é a (C). Na sentença …it has been found that mild exercise… (linhas 17-18), o
verbo encontra-se no present perfect, identificável pela forma auxiliar has/have + verbo principal no
past participle. Este tempo e modo verbal é empregado para transmitir sentido de ação finalizada, no
caso, o resultado alcançado pela pesquisa com relação à carga de exercício a ser praticada por
pessoas com sobrepeso.
Questão 4
1 It was once believed that being overweight was healthy, but nowadays few people subscribe to
this
2 viewpoint. While many people are fighting the battle to reduce weight, studies are being
conducted
3 concerning the appetite and how it is controlled by both emotional and biochemical factors.
Some of the
4 conclusions of these studies may give insights into how to deal with weight problems. For
example, when
5 several hundred people were asked about their eating habits in times of stress, 44 percent said
they reacted to
6 stressful situations by eating.
7 Further investigations with both humans and animals indicated that it is not food which relieves
tension but
8 rather the act of chewing. A test in which subjects were blindfolded showed that obese people
have a keener
9 sense of taste and crave more flavorful food than nonobese people. When deprived of the
variety and
10 intensity of tastes, obese people are not satisfied and consequently eat more to fulfill this need.
Blood samples
11 taken from people after they were shown a picture of food revealed that overweight people
reacted with an
12 increase in blood insulin, a chemical associated with appetite. This did not happen to average-
weight people.
13 In another experiment, results showed that certain people have a specific, biologically induced
hunger for
14 carbohydrates. Eating carbohydrates raises the level of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the
brain. Enough
15 serotonin produces a sense of satiation, and hunger for carbohydrates subsides.
16 Exercise has been recommended as an important part of a weight-loss program. However, it
has been found
17 that mild exercise, such as using the stairs instead of the elevator, is better in the long run than
taking on a
18 strenuous program, such as jogging, which many people find difficult to continue over long
periods of time
19 and which also increases appetite.
Available at: . Aug. 2014. Adapted.
In the sentence “Further investigations with both humans and animals indicated that 'it is not food
which relieves tension' but rather the act of chewing”(l. 7-8) the word in bold can be classified
as ___________ and the sentence in italics as ___________
a) coordinating conjunction – object of preposition
b) relative pronoun – subordinating adjective clause
c) subordinating conjunction – indirect object
d) relative pronoun – direct object
Gabarito:
D
Resolução:
A alternativa correta é a (D). Na sentença “Further investigations with both humans and animals
indicated that it is not food which relieves tension but rather the act of chewing”, linhas (7-8), a
palavra that, em negrito, pode ser classificada como pronome relativo, ligando as orações,
substituindo um termo da oração anterior que é preenchido pela sentença em itálico, a qual funciona
como objeto direto do verbo “indicated”.
Questão 5
1 The first
 hamburger created by scientists in a lab
 has been recently presented in London.
 The burger, which cost over 300,000
5 dollars to cultivate, originates from stem
 cells that were taken out of
 the shoulder of a cow. The result was
 revealed in front of food and health
 experts and televised across the internet.
10 It took food scientists three months
 to raise 20,000 tiny pieces of meat
 to create one single hamburger. Stem
 cells were reproduced and, over a period
 of time, created their own muscles. Mark
15 Post, scientist at a Dutch University and
 responsible for the project, has
 been researching this method for a long
 time. He says that the job was
 a tricky one because it is important to
20 keep the cells healthy and not let
 any pollution get into them. Food experts
 who tasted the new hamburger said that it
 felt like meat but it was very lean and
 without fat which normally changes the
25 taste. Biting into it felt like a real burger,
 but it wasn’t as tasty because salt and
 pepper were missing. The experiment
 showed that creating food in a lab is a
 possible solution for the world’s food
30 problems. Large quantities of meat could
 one day be
 made artificially without raising millions of
 animals around the world. Those
 who welcome such a method say that we
35 cannot produce enough meatin the future
 and such a new method could be an
 alternative.
Disponível em: . Acesso em: 8 nov. 2013.
Com base no texto, analise as seguintes assertivas:
I. O hambúrguer foi desenvolvido com células tronco retiradas do ombro de várias vacas.
II. Especialistas disseram que o hambúrguer artificial parece de fato com carne.
III. O hambúrguer produzido, apesar de artificial, era muito saboroso.
IV. O método desenvolvido permitirá que diminua a criação de gado no mundo.
V. De acordo com as previsões de Mark Post, o hambúrguer poderá ser produzido em escala, a partir
do ano que vem.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
a) Somente II e IV são verdadeiras.
b) Somente III e V são verdadeiras.
c) Somente I e III são verdadeiras.
d) Somente IV e V são verdadeiras.
e) Somente I e IV são verdadeiras.
Gabarito:
A
Resolução:
I. Falsa. O hambúrguer foi desenvolvido com células tronco retiradas do ombro uma única vaca ("the
shoulder of a cow").
II. Verdadeira. Conforme lemos nas linhas 21-25, especialistas em comida que provaram o
hambúrguer artificial disseram que este parece realmente com carne.
III. Falsa. Como lemos nas linhas 25-27, o hambúrguer produzido, apesar de parecer um verdadeiro,
não era muito saboroso, pois faltava-lhe sal e pimenta ("salt and pepper were missing").
IV. Verdadeira. Segundo lemos nas linhas 30-32, o experimento mostra que grandes quantidades de
carne podem, um dia, ser artificialmente produzidas sem a criação de milhões de animais no planeta
("without raising millions of animals around the world").
V. Falsa. O texto, embora afirme que a produção em larga escala possa ser possível no futuro, não
prevê tal desenvolvimento para o ano seguinte.
Questão 6
(When the Amazon floods, all of its residents – both animals and people
– have to adopt an amphibious lifestyle. Kim Schandorff/Getty) 
Sleeping on
stilts in the
Amazon
As 75-year-old
villager Antônio
Gomes told us
stories of
growing up in
Boca do
Mamirauá, a
tiny
settlement in
the northern
Amazon
rainforest, I
tried to
ignore the tiny
blue flies biting
through my
trousers.
Despite my
interest in
hearing how
locals survive in
this
remote part of
the Brazilian
rainforest, now
a part of the
Mamirauá
Sustainable
Development
Reserve, I was
grateful to
escape when he
finished, finding
refuge in
one of the tall
wooden houses.
The houses hover some 3m above the ground. They are not unusual: almost everything in the
Mamirauá reserve is on stilts, even the chicken coop. It has to be. Although much of Brazil is
currently suffering one of the worst droughts in decades, this part of the Amazon is almost
completely flooded for the six-month wet season. By April, the end of the rainy season, the river
rises up to 10m high and overflows its banks. As a result, all living things in the forest, including
locals, must adopt an amphibious lifestyle. Even the jaguars have learned to adapt by living in tree
branches when the floods arrive.
Only 1,000 tourists per year are allowed to visit Mamirauá, which, at 57,000sqkm, is the largest
wildlife reserve in the country. Created in 1984 to save the once-endangered uakari monkey, the
reserve is the most carefully managed and protected part of the Amazon – and is also home to what
many consider Brazil’s most successful sustainable tourist resort, the Uakari Floating Lodge. “If [the
reserve] had not been created,” guide Francisco Nogeuira said, “the rivers and lakes would be
empty of fish, and who knows how many trees would remain today?”
Disponível em: .
Why does everybody in Mamirauá live on stilts? Because
a) the place is always very drought.
b) the place is always completely flooded.
c) they are used and like to live on stilts.
d) the stilts are very comfortable.
e) they are much more cheaper for living in. 
Gabarito:
B
Resolução:
Como informa o texto, os habitantes de Mamirauá, na Amazônia, vivem em palafitas ("stilts") por se
tratar de uma região permanentemente alagada ("flooded"), especialmente nos seis meses da
estação mais úmida ("wet season") da região.
Questão 7
(When the Amazon floods, all of its residents – both animals and people
– have to adopt an amphibious lifestyle. Kim Schandorff/Getty) 
Sleeping on
stilts in the
Amazon
As 75-year-old
villager Antônio
Gomes told us
stories of
growing up in
Boca do
Mamirauá, a
tiny
settlement in
the northern
Amazon
rainforest, I
tried to
ignore the tiny
blue flies biting
through my
trousers.
Despite my
interest in
hearing how
locals survive in
this
remote part of
the Brazilian
rainforest, now
a part of the
Mamirauá
Sustainable
Development
Reserve, I was
grateful to
escape when he
finished, finding
refuge in
one of the tall
wooden houses.
The houses hover some 3m above the ground. They are not unusual: almost everything in the
Mamirauá reserve is on stilts, even the chicken coop. It has to be. Although much of Brazil is
currently suffering one of the worst droughts in decades, this part of the Amazon is almost
completely flooded for the six-month wet season. By April, the end of the rainy season, the river
rises up to 10m high and overflows its banks. As a result, all living things in the forest, including
locals, must adopt an amphibious lifestyle. Even the jaguars have learned to adapt by living in tree
branches when the floods arrive.
Only 1,000 tourists per year are allowed to visit Mamirauá, which, at 57,000sqkm, is the largest
wildlife reserve in the country. Created in 1984 to save the once-endangered uakari monkey, the
reserve is the most carefully managed and protected part of the Amazon – and is also home to what
many consider Brazil’s most successful sustainable tourist resort, the Uakari Floating Lodge. “If [the
reserve] had not been created,” guide Francisco Nogeuira said, “the rivers and lakes would be
empty of fish, and who knows how many trees would remain today?”
Disponível em: .
According to the text, the Mamirauá reserve
I. is in the Amazon rainforest.
II. has a six-month wet season.
III. makes all living things have an amphibious lifestyle.
IV. makes even the jaguars change their lifestyle because of flood.
V. was created to save the once-endangered uakari monkey.
It is correct
a) I, II, III, IV, and V.
b) just I, II, and III. .
c) just III, IV, and V.
d) just I and II
e) just II, III, and IV.
Gabarito:
 A
Resolução:
I. Correta. O texto informa que Boca do Mamirauá é um pequeno povoado no norte da floresta
amazônica ("Boca do Mamirauá, a tiny settlement in the northern Amazon rainforest").
II. Correta. Lemos no texto que a região tem uma estação úmida de seis meses, período durante o
qual permanece alagada ("this part of the Amazon is almost completely flooded for the six-month wet
season".
III. Correta. Lemos no texto que praticamente tudo em Mamirauá precisa ser feito na forma de
palafita, em um estilo anfíbio, isto é, adaptado ao seco e ao alagado, até mesmo galinheiros ("almost
everything in the Mamirauá reserve is on stilts, even the chicken coop").
IV. Correta. Como lemos, mesmo os jaguares aprenderam a adaptar-se vivendo em galhos de árvores
quando chegam as inundações ("Even the jaguars have learned to adapt by living in tree branches
when the floods arrive").
V. Correta. O texto informa que a reserva de Mamirauá foi criada em 1984 para proteger a espécie de
macaco uakari, na época ameaçada ("Created in 1984 to save the once-endangered uakari monkey").
Questão 8
(When the Amazon floods, all of its residents – both animals and people
– have to adopt an amphibious lifestyle. Kim Schandorff/Getty) 
Sleeping on
stilts in the
Amazon
As 75-year-old
villager Antônio
Gomes told us
stories of
growing up in
Boca do
Mamirauá, a
tiny
settlement in
the northern
Amazon
rainforest, I
tried to
ignore the tiny
blue flies biting
through my
trousers.
Despite my
interest in
hearing how
locals survive in
this
remote part of
the Brazilian
rainforest,now
a part of the
Mamirauá
Sustainable
Development
Reserve, I was
grateful to
escape when he
finished, finding
refuge in
one of the tall
wooden houses.
The houses hover some 3m above the ground. They are not unusual: almost everything in the
Mamirauá reserve is on stilts, even the chicken coop. It has to be. Although much of Brazil is
currently suffering one of the worst droughts in decades, this part of the Amazon is almost
completely flooded for the six-month wet season. By April, the end of the rainy season, the river
rises up to 10m high and overflows its banks. As a result, all living things in the forest, including
locals, must adopt an amphibious lifestyle. Even the jaguars have learned to adapt by living in tree
branches when the floods arrive.
Only 1,000 tourists per year are allowed to visit Mamirauá, which, at 57,000sqkm, is the largest
wildlife reserve in the country. Created in 1984 to save the once-endangered uakari monkey, the
reserve is the most carefully managed and protected part of the Amazon – and is also home to what
many consider Brazil’s most successful sustainable tourist resort, the Uakari Floating Lodge. “If [the
reserve] had not been created,” guide Francisco Nogeuira said, “the rivers and lakes would be
empty of fish, and who knows how many trees would remain today?”
Disponível em: .
In the last paragraph, it is possible to find sentences in
a) comparative of equality.
b) comparative of superiority.
c) superlative of superiority.
d) superlative of inferiority.
e) comparative of inferiority. 
Gabarito:
C
Resolução:
No último parágrafo encontramos duas sentenças no grau superlativo de superioridade, identificado
pela forma "the most + adjective": "the reserve is the most carefully managed and protected part
of the Amazon" ("A reserva é a parte mais cuidadosamente administrada e protegida da Amazônia") e
"what many consider Brazil’s most successful sustainable tourist resort" ("aquele que muitos
consideram o mais bem-sucedido resort turístico sustentável do Brasil").
Questão 9
1. In Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker, in the
2. October 17, 2016 edition of The New Yorker,
3. David Remnick provides a succinct history-
4. by-anecdote of the Canadian singer-
5. songwriter 's impending album, You Want It
6. Darker, an intriguing section devoted to Bob
7. Dylan's take on Cohen, and a witty
8. perspective on the old icon.
9. Remnick suggests that there are deep
10. connections between the two old bards when
11. he quotes Dylan: "When people ta lk about
12. Leonard, they fail to mention his melodies,
13. which to me, along with his lyrics, are his
14. greatest genius. [...] Even the counterpoint
15. lines-they give a celestial character and
16. melodic lift to every one of his songs. As far
17. as I know, no one else comes close to this in
18. modem music. [...] His gift or genius is in
19. connection to the music of the spheres. In
20. Sisters of Mercy, for instance, the verses are
21. four elemental lines which change and move
22. at predictable intervals... but the tune is
23. anything but predictable. The song just
24. comes in and states a fact. And after that
25. anything can happen and it does, and
26. Leonard allows it to happen. His tone is far
27. from condescending or mocking. He is a
28. tough-minded lover who doesn't recognize
29. the brush-off. Leonard's always above it all.
30. Sisters of Mercy is in perfect meter, with no
31. chorus, quivering with drama. This is an
32. example of a deceptively unusual musical
33. theme, with or without lyrics. But it's so
34. subtle a listener doesn't realize he's been
35. taken on a musical journey and dropped off
36. somewhere, with or without lyrics."
37. And it is Cohen who says that "Dylan has
38. lines, hundreds of great lines, that have the
39. feel of unhewn stone. But they really fit in
40. there. But they're not smoothed out. They're
41. inspired but not polished. That is not to say
42. he doesn't have lyrics of great polish. That
43. kind of genius can manifest all the forms and
44. all the styles."
45. For some odd reason, Cohen also says: "I
46. have all my marbles, so far. I have many
47. resources, some cultivated on a personal
48. level, but circumstantial, too: my children
49. and grandchildren live nearby. So I am
50. extremely blessed. At a certain point, if you
51. still have your marbles and are not faced
52. with serious financial challenges, you have a
53. chance to put your house in order. It's a
54. cliché, but it's underestimated as an
55. analgesic on all levels. Putting your house in
56. order, if you can do it, is one of the most
57. comforting activities and the benefits of it are
58. incalculable."
59. When asked about the devotional tones of
60. his verses Cohen declares: "I start with
61. artistic dedication. I know that if the spirit is
62. on you, it will touch on to the other human
63. receptors. But I dare not begin from the
64. other side. It's like pronouncing the holy
65. name-you don't do it. But if you are lucky,
66. and you are graced, and the audience is in a
67. particular salutary condition, then these
68. deeper responses will be produced."
REMNICK, D. Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker. Available at: www.TAGARCHIVES: Leonard Cohen - Bob
Dylan Interface. Accessed on: Nov. 9th, 2016.
Consider if the statements are true (T) or false (F), according to the text.
( ) Dylan foregrounds the transcendence of Cohen's tunes.
( ) According to Cohen, Dylan's rough expression is detrimental to his otherwise genius.
( ) According to Cohen, the spiritual impact of his music also depends on the audience.
( ) According to Dylan, it is the subtlety of Cohen's lyrics that take the listener on a musical journey.
The correct sequence of filling in the parenthesis is
(A) F – F – T – T.
(B) T – F – T – T.
(C) T – F – T – F.
(D) F – T – F – T.
(E) T – T – F – F.
Gabarito:
C
Resolução:
 A alternativa a ser assinalada é a (C), pois oferece a sequência correta de afirmativas verdadeiras: (T
– F – T – F).
A primeira afirmativa pode ser confirmada no segundo parágrafo em que Dylan coloca em primeiro
plano a "transcendência", a “melodia celestial” de Cohen.
A segunda afirmativa é incorreta, pois contraria o que se afirma entre as linhas 37 e 44.
A terceira afirmativa é correta, conforme lemos entre as linhas 60 e 65 ("I start with artistic
dedication. I know that if the spirit is on you, it will touch on to the other human receptors. But I dare
not begin from the other side. It's like pronouncing the holy name-you don't do it").
Por fim, a quarta afirmativa é incorreta porque contraria o que lemos entre as linhas 11 e 14 (""When
people ta lk about Leonard, they fail to mention his melodies, which to me, along with his lyrics, are
his greatest genius").
Questão 10
1. In Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker, in the
2. October 17, 2016 edition of The New Yorker,
3. David Remnick provides a succinct history-
4. by-anecdote of the Canadian singer-
5. songwriter 's impending album, You Want It
6. Darker, an intriguing section devoted to Bob
7. Dylan's take on Cohen, and a witty
8. perspective on the old icon.
9. Remnick suggests that there are deep
10. connections between the two old bards when
11. he quotes Dylan: "When people ta lk about
12. Leonard, they fail to mention his melodies,
13. which to me, along with his lyrics, are his
14. greatest genius. [...] Even the counterpoint
15. lines-they give a celestial character and
16. melodic lift to every one of his songs. As far
17. as I know, no one else comes close to this in
18. modem music. [...] His gift or genius is in
19. connection to the music of the spheres. In
20. Sisters of Mercy, for instance, the verses are
21. four elemental lines which change and move
22. at predictable intervals ... but the tune is
23. anything but predictable. The song just
24. comes in and states a fact. And after that
25. anything can happen and it does, and
26. Leonard allows it to happen. Histone is far
27. from condescending or mocking. He is a
28. tough-minded lover who doesn't recognize
29. the brush-off. Leonard's always above it all.
30. Sisters of Mercy is in perfect meter, with no
31. chorus, quivering with drama. This is an
32. example of a deceptively unusual musical
33. theme, with or without lyrics. But it's so
34. subtle a listener doesn't realize he's been
35. taken on a musical journey and dropped off
36. somewhere, with or without lyrics."
37. And it is Cohen who says that "Dylan has
38. lines, hundreds of great lines, that have the
39. feel of unhewn stone. But they really fit in
40. there. But they're not smoothed out. They're
41. inspired but not polished. That is not to say
42. he doesn't have lyrics of great polish. That
43. kind of genius can manifest all the forms and
44. all the styles."
45. For some odd reason, Cohen also says: "I
46. have all my marbles, so far. I have many
47. resources, some cultivated on a personal
48. level, but circumstantial, too: my children
49. and grandchildren live nearby. So I am
50. extremely blessed. At a certain point, if you
51. still have your marbles and are not faced
52. with serious financial challenges, you have a
53. chance to put your house in order. It's a
54. cliché, but it's underestimated as an
55. analgesic on all levels. Putting your house in
56. order, if you can do it, is one of the most
57. comforting activities and the benefits of it are
58. incalculable."
59. When asked about the devotional tones of
60. his verses Cohen declares: "I start with
61. artistic dedication. I know that if the spirit is
62. on you, it will touch on to the other human
63. receptors. But I dare not begin from the
64. other side. It's like pronouncing the holy
65. name-you don't do it. But if you are lucky,
66. and you are graced, and the audience is in a
67. particular salutary condition, then these
68. deeper responses will be produced."
REMNICK, D. Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker. Available at: www.TAGARCHIVES: Leonard Cohen - Bob
Dylan Interface. Accessed on: Nov. 9th, 2016.
Consider the following statements.
I – ln the segment "... but the tune is anything but predictable" (l. 22-23), Dylan asserts that Cohen's
songs can be foretold.
II – The expression "I have all my marbles" (l. 45-46) denotes the integrity of the singer's intellectual
and creative capacity.
III – Leonard Cohen declares that his lyrics are solely mundane.
Which are correct according to the text?
(A) Only I.
(B) Only II.
(C) Only III.
(D) Only I and II.
(E) I, II and III.
Gabarito:
B
Resolução:
 A alternativa a ser assinalada é a (B), pois apenas II é correta.
A afirmativa I é incorreta porque “anything but predictable” ("tudo, menos previsível") tem sentido
oposto ao de “foretold” ("previsível").
A afirmativa II é correta, porque a expressão “to have one’s marble” significa o mesmo que ter toda a
capacidade intelectual e criativa.
III é incorreta porque no último parágrafo do texto, apresenta-se a perspectiva de Cohen sobre sua
música, que não se reduz a uma visão mudanda, mas devocional, sagrada ("I know that if the spirit is
on you, it will touch on to the other human receptors. But I dare not begin from the other side. It's like
pronouncing the holy name-you don't do it. But if you are lucky, and you are graced, and the audience
is in a particular salutary condition, then these deeper responses will be produced.")
Questão 11
1. In Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker, in the
2. October 17, 2016 edition of The New Yorker,
3. David Remnick provides a succinct history-
4. by-anecdote of the Canadian singer-
5. songwriter 's impending album, You Want It
6. Darker, an intriguing section devoted to Bob
7. Dylan's take on Cohen, and a witty
8. perspective on the old icon.
9. Remnick suggests that there are deep
10. connections between the two old bards when
11. he quotes Dylan: "When people ta lk about
12. Leonard, they fail to mention his melodies,
13. which to me, along with his lyrics, are his
14. greatest genius. [...] Even the counterpoint
15. lines-they give a celestial character and
16. melodic lift to every one of his songs. As far
17. as I know, no one else comes close to this in
18. modem music. [...] His gift or genius is in
19. connection to the music of the spheres. In
20. Sisters of Mercy, for instance, the verses are
21. four elemental lines which change and move
22. at predictable intervals ... but the tune is
23. anything but predictable. The song just
24. comes in and states a fact. And after that
25. anything can happen and it does, and
26. Leonard allows it to happen. His tone is far
27. from condescending or mocking. He is a
28. tough-minded lover who doesn't recognize
29. the brush-off. Leonard's always above it all.
30. Sisters of Mercy is in perfect meter, with no
31. chorus, quivering with drama. This is an
32. example of a deceptively unusual musical
33. theme, with or without lyrics. But it's so
34. subtle a listener doesn't realize he's been
35. taken on a musical journey and dropped off
36. somewhere, with or without lyrics."
37. And it is Cohen who says that "Dylan has
38. lines, hundreds of great lines, that have the
39. feel of unhewn stone. But they really fit in
40. there. But they're not smoothed out. They're
41. inspired but not polished. That is not to say
42. he doesn't have lyrics of great polish. That
43. kind of genius can manifest all the forms and
44. all the styles."
45. For some odd reason, Cohen also says: "I
46. have all my marbles, so far. I have many
47. resources, some cultivated on a personal
48. level, but circumstantial, too: my children
49. and grandchildren live nearby. So I am
50. extremely blessed. At a certain point, if you
51. still have your marbles and are not faced
52. with serious financial challenges, you have a
53. chance to put your house in order. It's a
54. cliché, but it's underestimated as an
55. analgesic on all levels. Putting your house in
56. order, if you can do it, is one of the most
57. comforting activities and the benefits of it are
58. incalculable."
59. When asked about the devotional tones of
60. his verses Cohen declares: "I start with
61. artistic dedication. I know that if the spirit is
62. on you, it will touch on to the other human
63. receptors. But I dare not begin from the
64. other side. It's like pronouncing the holy
65. name-you don't do it. But if you are lucky,
66. and you are graced, and the audience is in a
67. particular salutary condition, then these
68. deeper responses will be produced."
REMNICK, D. Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker. Available at: www.TAGARCHIVES: Leonard Cohen - Bob
Dylan Interface. Accessed on: Nov. 9th, 2016.
The expression "succinct history-by-anecdote" (l. 3-4) refers to
(A) Remnick's article.
(B) Cohen's life history.
(C) Cohen's album.
(D) Dylan's witty perspective.
(E) The old icon.
Gabarito:
A
Resolução:
 A alternativa correta é a (A), pois a expressão "succinct history-by-anecdote" (l. 3-4) refere-se
anaforicamente ao artigo de Remnick (Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker), o que fica reforçado pelo
verbo "provides" (l. 3).
Questão 12
1. In Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker, in the
2. October 17, 2016 edition of The New Yorker,
3. David Remnick provides a succinct history-
4. by-anecdote of the Canadian singer-
5. songwriter 's impending album, You Want It
6. Darker, an intriguing section devoted to Bob
7. Dylan's take on Cohen, and a witty
8. perspective on the old icon.
9. Remnick suggests that there are deep
10. connections between the two old bards when
11. he quotes Dylan: "When people ta lk about
12. Leonard, they fail to mention his melodies,
13. which to me, along with his lyrics, are his
14. greatest genius. [...] Even the counterpoint
15. lines-they give a celestial character and
16. melodic lift to every one of his songs. As far
17. as I know, no one else comes close to this in
18. modem music. [...] His gift or genius is in
19. connection to the music of the spheres. In
20. Sisters of Mercy, for instance, the versesare
21. four elemental lines which change and move
22. at predictable intervals ... but the tune is
23. anything but predictable. The song just
24. comes in and states a fact. And after that
25. anything can happen and it does, and
26. Leonard allows it to happen. His tone is far
27. from condescending or mocking. He is a
28. tough-minded lover who doesn't recognize
29. the brush-off. Leonard's always above it all.
30. Sisters of Mercy is in perfect meter, with no
31. chorus, quivering with drama. This is an
32. example of a deceptively unusual musical
33. theme, with or without lyrics. But it's so
34. subtle a listener doesn't realize he's been
35. taken on a musical journey and dropped off
36. somewhere, with or without lyrics."
37. And it is Cohen who says that "Dylan has
38. lines, hundreds of great lines, that have the
39. feel of unhewn stone. But they really fit in
40. there. But they're not smoothed out. They're
41. inspired but not polished. That is not to say
42. he doesn't have lyrics of great polish. That
43. kind of genius can manifest all the forms and
44. all the styles."
45. For some odd reason, Cohen also says: "I
46. have all my marbles, so far. I have many
47. resources, some cultivated on a personal
48. level, but circumstantial, too: my children
49. and grandchildren live nearby. So I am
50. extremely blessed. At a certain point, if you
51. still have your marbles and are not faced
52. with serious financial challenges, you have a
53. chance to put your house in order. It's a
54. cliché, but it's underestimated as an
55. analgesic on all levels. Putting your house in
56. order, if you can do it, is one of the most
57. comforting activities and the benefits of it are
58. incalculable."
59. When asked about the devotional tones of
60. his verses Cohen declares: "I start with
61. artistic dedication. I know that if the spirit is
62. on you, it will touch on to the other human
63. receptors. But I dare not begin from the
64. other side. It's like pronouncing the holy
65. name-you don't do it. But if you are lucky,
66. and you are graced, and the audience is in a
67. particular salutary condition, then these
68. deeper responses will be produced."
REMNICK, D. Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker. Available at: www.TAGARCHIVES: Leonard Cohen - Bob
Dylan Interface. Accessed on: Nov. 9th, 2016.
THe words "impending" (l. 5), "quivering" (l. 31) and "unhewn" (l. 39) can be substituted,
without change in meaning, by
(A) upcoming – shaking – matching
(B) upcoming – controlled – matching
(C) recent – settled – unpolished
(D) forthcoming – vibrating – rough
(E) recent – trembling – uniform
Gabarito:
D
Resolução:
 A alternativa correta é a (D). As palavras "impending" (l. 5), "quivering" (l. 31) e "unhewn" (l. 39)
podem ser substituídas, respectivamente, sem alteração de siginificado, por "forthcoming"
("iminente"), "vibrating" ("vibrando", "tremendo"), e "rough" ("bruto").
Questão 13
1. In Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker, in the
2. October 17, 2016 edition of The New Yorker,
3. David Remnick provides a succinct history-
4. by-anecdote of the Canadian singer-
5. songwriter 's impending album, You Want It
6. Darker, an intriguing section devoted to Bob
7. Dylan's take on Cohen, and a witty
8. perspective on the old icon.
9. Remnick suggests that there are deep
10. connections between the two old bards when
11. he quotes Dylan: "When people ta lk about
12. Leonard, they fail to mention his melodies,
13. which to me, along with his lyrics, are his
14. greatest genius. [...] Even the counterpoint
15. lines-they give a celestial character and
16. melodic lift to every one of his songs. As far
17. as I know, no one else comes close to this in
18. modem music. [...] His gift or genius is in
19. connection to the music of the spheres. In
20. Sisters of Mercy, for instance, the verses are
21. four elemental lines which change and move
22. at predictable intervals ... but the tune is
23. anything but predictable. The song just
24. comes in and states a fact. And after that
25. anything can happen and it does, and
26. Leonard allows it to happen. His tone is far
27. from condescending or mocking. He is a
28. tough-minded lover who doesn't recognize
29. the brush-off. Leonard's always above it all.
30. Sisters of Mercy is in perfect meter, with no
31. chorus, quivering with drama. This is an
32. example of a deceptively unusual musical
33. theme, with or without lyrics. But it's so
34. subtle a listener doesn't realize he's been
35. taken on a musical journey and dropped off
36. somewhere, with or without lyrics."
37. And it is Cohen who says that "Dylan has
38. lines, hundreds of great lines, that have the
39. feel of unhewn stone. But they really fit in
40. there. But they're not smoothed out. They're
41. inspired but not polished. That is not to say
42. he doesn't have lyrics of great polish. That
43. kind of genius can manifest all the forms and
44. all the styles."
45. For some odd reason, Cohen also says: "I
46. have all my marbles, so far. I have many
47. resources, some cultivated on a personal
48. level, but circumstantial, too: my children
49. and grandchildren live nearby. So I am
50. extremely blessed. At a certain point, if you
51. still have your marbles and are not faced
52. with serious financial challenges, you have a
53. chance to put your house in order. It's a
54. cliché, but it's underestimated as an
55. analgesic on all levels. Putting your house in
56. order, if you can do it, is one of the most
57. comforting activities and the benefits of it are
58. incalculable."
59. When asked about the devotional tones of
60. his verses Cohen declares: "I start with
61. artistic dedication. I know that if the spirit is
62. on you, it will touch on to the other human
63. receptors. But I dare not begin from the
64. other side. It's like pronouncing the holy
65. name-you don't do it. But if you are lucky,
66. and you are graced, and the audience is in a
67. particular salutary condition, then these
68. deeper responses will be produced."
REMNICK, D. Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker. Available at: www.TAGARCHIVES: Leonard Cohen - Bob
Dylan Interface. Accessed on: Nov. 9th, 2016.
Select the alternative in which the word take in the fragment "an intriguing section devoted to Bob
Dylan's take on Cohen" (l. 6-7) has the same meaning and grammatical class.
(A) The idea somehow failed to take on.
(B) The train stops only to take on passengers.
(C) She was asked for her take on the recent developments.
(D) I always take him on the same spot at the same time.
(E) They take on a new job every two years.
Gabarito:
C
Resolução:
 A alternativa correta é a (C). Na linha 7, o termo “take” é utilizado como substantivo, com sentido de
opinião. Essa mesma função gramatical e o mesmo sentido são identificados na sentença fornecida
pela opção C ("She was asked for her take on the recent developments"; "Ela foi indagada acerca de
sua opinião sobre os desenvolvimentos recentes").
Questão 14
1. In Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker, in the
2. October 17, 2016 edition of The New Yorker,
3. David Remnick provides a succinct history-
4. by-anecdote of the Canadian singer-
5. songwriter 's impending album, You Want It
6. Darker, an intriguing section devoted to Bob
7. Dylan's take on Cohen, and a witty
8. perspective on the old icon.
9. Remnick suggests that there are deep
10. connections between the two old bards when
11. he quotes Dylan: "When people ta lk about
12. Leonard, they fail to mention his melodies,
13. which to me, along with his lyrics, are his
14. greatest genius. [...] Even the counterpoint
15. lines-they give a celestial character and
16. melodic lift to every one of his songs. As far
17. as I know, no one else comes close to this in
18. modem music. [...] His gift or genius is in
19. connection to the music of the spheres. In
20. Sisters of Mercy, for instance, the verses are
21. four elemental lines which change and move
22. at predictable intervals ... but the tune is
23. anything butpredictable. The song just
24. comes in and states a fact. And after that
25. anything can happen and it does, and
26. Leonard allows it to happen. His tone is far
27. from condescending or mocking. He is a
28. tough-minded lover who doesn't recognize
29. the brush-off. Leonard's always above it all.
30. Sisters of Mercy is in perfect meter, with no
31. chorus, quivering with drama. This is an
32. example of a deceptively unusual musical
33. theme, with or without lyrics. But it's so
34. subtle a listener doesn't realize he's been
35. taken on a musical journey and dropped off
36. somewhere, with or without lyrics."
37. And it is Cohen who says that "Dylan has
38. lines, hundreds of great lines, that have the
39. feel of unhewn stone. But they really fit in
40. there. But they're not smoothed out. They're
41. inspired but not polished. That is not to say
42. he doesn't have lyrics of great polish. That
43. kind of genius can manifest all the forms and
44. all the styles."
45. For some odd reason, Cohen also says: "I
46. have all my marbles, so far. I have many
47. resources, some cultivated on a personal
48. level, but circumstantial, too: my children
49. and grandchildren live nearby. So I am
50. extremely blessed. At a certain point, if you
51. still have your marbles and are not faced
52. with serious financial challenges, you have a
53. chance to put your house in order. It's a
54. cliché, but it's underestimated as an
55. analgesic on all levels. Putting your house in
56. order, if you can do it, is one of the most
57. comforting activities and the benefits of it are
58. incalculable."
59. When asked about the devotional tones of
60. his verses Cohen declares: "I start with
61. artistic dedication. I know that if the spirit is
62. on you, it will touch on to the other human
63. receptors. But I dare not begin from the
64. other side. It's like pronouncing the holy
65. name-you don't do it. But if you are lucky,
66. and you are graced, and the audience is in a
67. particular salutary condition, then these
68. deeper responses will be produced."
REMNICK, D. Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker. Available at: www.TAGARCHIVES: Leonard Cohen - Bob
Dylan Interface. Accessed on: Nov. 9th, 2016.
Select the alternative to which the words "this" (l. 17), "which" (l. 21) and "they" (l. 39)
refer, respectively,
(A) his songs – the music of the spheres – hundreds of great lines
(B) a celestial character and melodie lift – four elemental lines – hundreds of great lines
(C) greatest genius – lines – hundreds of great lines
(D) a celestial character and melodie lift – the verses – lyrics of great polish
(E) his songs – four elemental lines – great lines
Gabarito:
B
Resolução:
 A alternativa correta é a (B). "This" (l.17) refere-se a "celestial character and melodic lift" (l.15-16);
"which" (l. 21), a "four elemental lines" (l. 21), e "they" (l. 39), a "hundreds of great lines" (l. 38).
Questão 15
1. In Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker, in the
2. October 17, 2016 edition of The New Yorker,
3. David Remnick provides a succinct history-
4. by-anecdote of the Canadian singer-
5. songwriter 's impending album, You Want It
6. Darker, an intriguing section devoted to Bob
7. Dylan's take on Cohen, and a witty
8. perspective on the old icon.
9. Remnick suggests that there are deep
10. connections between the two old bards when
11. he quotes Dylan: "When people ta lk about
12. Leonard, they fail to mention his melodies,
13. which to me, along with his lyrics, are his
14. greatest genius. [...] Even the counterpoint
15. lines-they give a celestial character and
16. melodic lift to every one of his songs. As far
17. as I know, no one else comes close to this in
18. modem music. [...] His gift or genius is in
19. connection to the music of the spheres. In
20. Sisters of Mercy, for instance, the verses are
21. four elemental lines which change and move
22. at predictable intervals ... but the tune is
23. anything but predictable. The song just
24. comes in and states a fact. And after that
25. anything can happen and it does, and
26. Leonard allows it to happen. His tone is far
27. from condescending or mocking. He is a
28. tough-minded lover who doesn't recognize
29. the brush-off. Leonard's always above it all.
30. Sisters of Mercy is in perfect meter, with no
31. chorus, quivering with drama. This is an
32. example of a deceptively unusual musical
33. theme, with or without lyrics. But it's so
34. subtle a listener doesn't realize he's been
35. taken on a musical journey and dropped off
36. somewhere, with or without lyrics."
37. And it is Cohen who says that "Dylan has
38. lines, hundreds of great lines, that have the
39. feel of unhewn stone. But they really fit in
40. there. But they're not smoothed out. They're
41. inspired but not polished. That is not to say
42. he doesn't have lyrics of great polish. That
43. kind of genius can manifest all the forms and
44. all the styles."
45. For some odd reason, Cohen also says: "I
46. have all my marbles, so far. I have many
47. resources, some cultivated on a personal
48. level, but circumstantial, too: my children
49. and grandchildren live nearby. So I am
50. extremely blessed. At a certain point, if you
51. still have your marbles and are not faced
52. with serious financial challenges, you have a
53. chance to put your house in order. It's a
54. cliché, but it's underestimated as an
55. analgesic on all levels. Putting your house in
56. order, if you can do it, is one of the most
57. comforting activities and the benefits of it are
58. incalculable."
59. When asked about the devotional tones of
60. his verses Cohen declares: "I start with
61. artistic dedication. I know that if the spirit is
62. on you, it will touch on to the other human
63. receptors. But I dare not begin from the
64. other side. It's like pronouncing the holy
65. name-you don't do it. But if you are lucky,
66. and you are graced, and the audience is in a
67. particular salutary condition, then these
68. deeper responses will be produced."
REMNICK, D. Leonard Cohen Makes it Darker. Available at: www.TAGARCHIVES: Leonard Cohen - Bob
Dylan Interface. Accessed on: Nov. 9th, 2016.
Select the alternative in which the word "dare" (l. 63) presents the same meaning and
grammatical function as used in the text.
(A) You should try it if you dare.
(B) The singer did not dare a new rendition of his famous song.
(C) She dared the anger of her family.
(D) She dares not let herself tamed.
(E) He would not be so foolish to take a dare.
Gabarito:
D
Resolução:
 A alternativa correta é a (D), por ser a única em que a palavra "dare" é utilizada com a mesma
função gramatical de verbo, seguido por “not” e um verbo na forma elementar, e mesmo sentido, e
"ousar", "arriscar-se a".
Questão 16
Two decades ago only spies and systems
administrators had to worry about passwords. But
today you have to enter one even to do humdrum
things like turning on your computer, downloading an
album or buying a book online. No wonder many
people use a single, simple password for everything.
Analysis of password databases, often stolen from
websites (something that happens with disturbing
frequency), shows that the most common choices
include "password", "123456" and "abc123".
But using these, or any word that appears in a
dictionary, is insecure. Even changing some letters to
numbers ("e" to "3", "i" to "1" and so forth) does little
to reduce the vulnerability of such passwords to an
automated "dictionary attack", because these
substitutions are so common. The fundamental
problem is that secure passwords tend to be hard to
remember, and memorable passwords tend to be
insecure.
The Economist. March 24th 2012. Adaptado. 
Com base no texto, responda em português:
a) Por que a criação de senhas por usuários da internet pode lhes trazer problemas?
b) A troca de algumas letras por números, nas senhas, é uma boa medida? Justifique sua resposta.
Gabarito:
a) Segundo o texto, é muito comum que os usuários da internet usemuma única senha para diversos
sites. Também é frequente que tal senha seja simples e fácil de ser lembrada, o que a torna
vulnerável a furtos de identidade virtual em muitos sites da rede.
b) Novamente com base na leitura do texto, especialmente o segundo parágrafo, é possível afirmar
que a troca de algumas letras por números é pouco efetiva na redução de furtos a senhas, uma vez
que tais substituições são, em geral, muito comuns.
Resolução:
Questão 17
1 The advent of online education in the first decade of the 2lst century was the result of and
response to
2 a number of factors that were both internal and external to the field of higher education.
Traditional
3 tertiary institutions, especially those that were privately endowed, raised tuition rates far in
excess of the
4 rate of inflation. This, in concert with a larger demand for postsecondary education for working
adults,
5 helped facilitate the introduction of online learning. However, it should be acknowledged that the
6 relative simplicity of using the Internet as a platform, as well as its cost-effectiveness, was
seized upon
7 by entrepreneurs in the private sector. Online education is largely in the hands of for-profit
companies.
8 The question now becomes whether the democratization of higher education is worth the price
of
9 removing it from nonprofit, research-based universities.
Time, July 2013. Adapted.
The passage is concerned primarily with
a) The advent of online education.
b) Adult-oriented educational systems.
c) The usefulness of the Internet in postsecondary education.
d) Trends in online education.
Gabarito:
D
Resolução:
O texto trata, sobretudo, das tendências da educação on-line desde seu advento na primeira década
do século XXI.
Questão 18
1 The advent of online education in the first decade of the 2lst century was the result of and
response to
2 a number of factors that were both internal and external to the field of higher education.
Traditional
3 tertiary institutions, especially those that were privately endowed, raised tuition rates far in
excess of the
4 rate of inflation. This, in concert with a larger demand for postsecondary education for working
adults,
5 helped facilitate the introduction of online learning. However, it should be acknowledged that the
6 relative simplicity of using the Internet as a platform, as well as its cost-effectiveness, was
seized upon
7 by entrepreneurs in the private sector. Online education is largely in the hands of for-profit
companies.
8 The question now becomes whether the democratization of higher education is worth the
price of
9 removing it from nonprofit, research-based universities.
Time, July 2013. Adapted.
The highlighted section (l. 8) refers to
a) The cost of online education.
b) The popularity of online courses.
c) The opening of online education to the free market.
d) Whether or not a democratic society should have online education.
Gabarito:
C
Resolução:
A seção destacada ("democratization of higher education", "democratização da educação superior",
linha 8) refere-se à abertura da educação on-line para o mercado. Como lemos no período anterior, a
educação on-line é descrita como estando "nas mãos" de empresas baseadas no lucro; isto é posto
em tensão pelo texto, que questiona se esta democratização valeria a pena, pois tiraria a educação
superior das universiadades sem fins lucrativos, baseadas na pesquisa.
Questão 19
1 The advent of online education in the first decade of the 2lst century was the result of and
response to
2 a number of factors that were both internal and external to the field of higher education.
Traditional
3 tertiary institutions, especially those that were privately endowed, raised tuition rates far in
excess of the
4 rate of inflation. This, in concert with a larger demand for postsecondary education for working
adults,
5 helped facilitate the introduction of online learning. However, it should be acknowledged that the
6 relative simplicity of using the Internet as a platform, as well as its cost-effectiveness, was
seized upon
7 by entrepreneurs in the private sector. Online education is largely in the hands of for-profit
companies.
8 The question now becomes whether the democratization of higher education is worth the price
of
9 removing it from nonprofit, research-based universities.
Time, July 2013. Adapted.
The words especially (l. 3), privately (l. 3) and largely (l. 7) are
a) Adverbs
b) Adjectives
c) Nouns
d) Conjunctions
Gabarito:
A
Resolução:
As palavras "especially" (l. 3), "privately" (l. 3) e "largely" (l. 7) são advérbios e caracterizam,
respectivamente, "traditional tertiary institutions" (l. 3) e "endowed" (l. 7). 
Questão 20
1 Second Life is a virtual world in three
 dimensions that you can enter through the
 Internet. Users can travel around, talk or
 communicate with others, buy land and
5 houses, build cars, parks or any other object
 you can think of. You can go
 shopping, attend colleges and universities or
 go to concerts and other events. You can do
 almost anything you can do in
10 the real world. Second Life was created in
 2003 by a San Francisco company called
 Linden Lab. When you sign up for a free
 account you become a resident . It gives you
 the right to create an avatar and travel around
15 in Second Life. In order to view
 this virtual world you must download a
 special viewer and install it on your computer.
 The Second Life world is made up of different
 regions. The mainland is the biggest region. It
20 is owned by Linden Lab itself. There are also
 other areas, owned by private people or other
 companies. A membership fee of ten dollars a
 month lets you buy your own land. By
 becoming a paying member you also get
25 some virtual money that you can spend. You
 also get help if you have problems or run into
 trouble.
Disponível em: . Acesso em: 6 nov. 2013.
A palavra mainland (l. 19) significa:
a) Terra de ninguém.
b) Costa marítima.
c) Continente.
d) Mundo real.
e) Sociedade privada.
Gabarito:
C
Resolução:
Uma das acepções em inglês para "mainland" é "continente", e trata-se da tradução adequada para o
termo no contexto apontado, no qual a palavra em questão equivale ao tipo maior de região existente
em Second Life.