WOL_Hotel_Coursebook

Prévia do material em texto

ChaptersChapters.
5 Hotel Staff
3 Check-in
7 Hotel Facilities
2 Reservation
6 Room Service
4 Hotel Policies
8 Checkout
9 Grammar Guide
Accommodation1 p. 03
p. 41
p. 21
p. 65
p. 84
p. 106
p. 126
p. 147
p. 165
1Accommodation.
4
Chapter 1 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
[At home using a laptop]
Carla:
I’m going on a business trip. I usually like to stay in a hostel, or 
someplace just casual. I’m going to be going to a fancy place! Let me just 
show you the kind of places that I would normally stay in, so you can get 
an idea of how crazy this whole thing is, OK?
[Showing pictures in the laptop]
Carla:
So, this is my kind of place: a hostel in the middle of the city, next to 
all the attractions and public transportation. I really like hostels, you 
know, because they’re a great place to meet people, make new friends, 
very affordable. This one has a nice six-bed, shared accommodation, 
all-female room. That’s a great way to meet new people, new travel 
buddies, right? They’re usually really affordable; normally you’ll pay 
anywhere between maybe 15 or 20 dollars per person per night in a 
hostel. I like that! But maybe you guys are a little bit concerned about 
privacy, and I understand that. So, hostels do offer you the options to, 
you know, reserve a single room where you can be just by yourself, or 
if you’re traveling with your mom or a boyfriend, and you want to be on 
your own. You can do that too in a hostel.
ACCOMMODATION
Traveling is great! But before actually leaving, f inding a place to stay is an 
essential part of your travel plans. There are many options, as you know. 
That’s why it is very important to know exactly what you need and explore the 
possibilities. In this new chapter, we will show you how to choose the best option 
for you. As usual, you will also learn some language items that will help you 
improve your English. 
Now, look at the script of Accommodation.
Part 1.
Video Script
5
Chapter 1 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
But when I’m traveling on the road and maybe going from city to city, I like to 
maybe stay in an inn or a motel. Because it’s kind of cozy, and it has that home 
feeling, you know? And it’s just easier, so I’ll show you some of those, OK? 
So, guys, this is your typical inn. It’s like a cozy little bed and breakfast. And it’s 
usually centrally located. In terms of price, though, if you were going to stay 
here for six nights, you would probably be paying over six hundred dollars for 
the six nights, which, to me, is a lot of money. 
But if I really wanted to f ind something that was going to be my style, you 
know? I would probably look into short-term vacation rentals. Because then 
you can get a whole house for yourself. And usually they’re either located in a 
nice residential area or somewhere close to the beach. And you’ve got shops, 
drugstores, supermarkets, everything close by. So you have all the amenities 
that you would need. Oh, look at this! Wow! I just can’t wait! It’s going to be 
awesome!
ACOMODAÇÕES
[Em casa, no notebook]
Carla:
Vou viajar a negócios! Eu normalmente f ico em albergues, ou em algum 
lugar mais descontraído. Mas vou para um lugar chique! Deixem só eu 
mostrar para vocês o tipo de lugar em que geralmente f ico, para que 
vocês possam ter uma ideia de como tudo isso aqui é uma loucura, OK?
[No notebook, mostrando imagens]
Carla:
Então, esse é o meu tipo de lugar: um albergue no meio da cidade, 
próximo de todas as atrações e do transporte público. Eu gosto muito 
de albergues porque eles são um ótimo lugar para conhecer pessoas, 
fazer novos amigos, e eles são muito acessíveis! Esse aqui tem um 
quarto com seis camas, acomodação compartilhada, somente para 
mulheres. Essa é uma ótima maneira de se conhecer novas pessoas, 
novos colegas de viagem, sabe? Eles geralmente são muitos acessíveis: 
normalmente você vai pagar algo entre US$15 ou US$20 por pessoa, 
por noite, em um albergue. Eu gosto disso! Mas talvez vocês estejam 
preocupados com privacidade, e eu entendo isso. Albergues oferecem 
opções de reserva de quarto não compartilhado para você f icar sozinho. 
Ou, se você está viajando com sua mãe ou namorado e queira f icar a 
sós, você também pode fazer isso em um albergue.
Chapter 1 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Mas quando estou na estrada e talvez indo de cidade em cidade, eu 
gosto de f icar em uma pousada ou um hotel à beira da estrada. Porque 
é mais aconchegante, e te dá aquela sensação de estar em casa, sabe? 
E às vezes é mais prático; então, vou mostrar uns exemplos, OK?
Pessoal, essa é uma típica pousada. Tipo, uma pousada aconchegante. 
E, sabe, muitas vezes elas são bem localizadas. Mas em termos de 
preço, se você fosse f icar aqui por seis noites, provavelmente pagaria 
mais do que seiscentos dólares pelas seis noites, o que, pra mim, é 
muito dinheiro.
Mas se eu realmente quisesse achar algo mais do meu estilo, eu 
provavelmente procuraria por um aluguel de temporada. Porque aí 
você tem uma casa só para você. E geralmente elas são localizadas 
em boas áreas residenciais, ou próximo à praia. E aí você tem lojas, 
farmácias, supermercados, tudo nos arredores. Então, você tem todas 
as comodidades de que precisa. Olhem isso! Uau! Nossa, mal posso 
esperar! Vai ser incrível!
6
< voltar para o índice
7
Video Script VocabularyChapter 1 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Planning a trip involves considering all the necessary details to ensure a pleasant stay and avoid 
headaches. First of all, you have to choose a destination. After that, it is time to think about the 
kind of accommodation you would like. In order to choose wisely, you should think about the 
purpose of your trip:
Notice that we used the noun trip in every sentence. In general, 
it means the same thing as travel, but travel is mostly used in 
expressions with more than one word, such as:
What is the purpose of your trip?
Qual é o propósito/motivo da sua viagem?
Is it a business trip?
É uma viagem de negócios?
Is it a honeymoon trip? 
É uma viagem de lua de mel?
Is it a tourism trip?
É uma viagem de turismo?
Is it a family trip? 
É uma viagem em família?
EXPRESSIONS WITH THE WORD TRAVEL
Travel size 
Tamanho viagem
Travel agent 
Agente de viagem
Travel money 
Cartão pré-pago para viagem
Travel guide 
Guia de viagem
Travel season 
Temporada de viagem
Vocabulary
Part 2.
8
Video Script VocabularyChapter 1 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Are you traveling on business?
Você está viajando a negócios?
Are you traveling for work?
Você está viajando a trabalho?
Budget
Orçamento
Privacy 
Privacidade
Comfort 
Conforto
In addition to these expressions you have just seen, the word travel can also be used as a verb. 
Let’s take a look at some examples:
As you can see, in these examples we used the verb to travel in the -ING form. 
There are many options and things to consider when choosing accommodation. 
The three f irst things to consider are:
The purpose of the trip combined with those three items play a 
signif icant role when it comes to looking for types of accommodation 
or types of lodging, which is another way to say accommodation.
Now let’s analyze some different kinds of lodging.
If your biggest concern is with the budget, then hostels may 
be a good option. They are usually cheaper, because they have 
shared rooms or shared accommodations for two or more people. 
Sometimes ten or even twelve people can share the same room, 
which is similar to a dorm. In some cases, they have shared 
bathrooms as well. 
WHAT TO CONSIDER WHEN CHOOSING ACCOMMODATION
9
Video Script VocabularyChapter 1 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Hostels are usually inexpensive and centrally located.
Albergues geralmentenão são caros e têm uma localização central.
Accommodations and bathrooms are usually shared.
As acomodações e os banheiros geralmente são compartilhados.
Dorms are usually divided into female and male, with up to twelve people.
Os dormitórios geralmente são divididos entre feminino e masculino, com até doze pessoas.
Hostels are popular among solo travelers and backpackers.
Os albergues são populares entre pessoas que viajam sozinhas e mochileiros.
When it comes to saving money, but keeping your privacy, inns or 
motels may be a good choice. Motels and inns are modest hotels 
with no luxury and few amenities. The amenities you will commonly 
f ind in these places are vending machines for candies, snacks, and 
beverages, for example.
Motels and inns are usually not expensive.
Motéis e pousadas geralmente não são caros.
Motels and inns may not be centrally located.
Motéis e pousadas podem não ser localizados na região central.
Motels and inns are usually two- or three-star 
accommodations.
Motéis e pousadas geralmente são acomodações 
duas ou três estrelas.
At motels and inns, you must rent the room.
Em motéis e pousadas, você tem que alugar o quarto.
Take a look at these examples with some information you should know about hostels:
Video Script VocabularyChapter 1 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Hotel rates vary according to hotel rating.
O preço das diárias dos hotéis varia de acordo com a classif icação do hotel.
Hotel rates also vary according to the type of room, view, and bed size.
As diárias de hotéis também variam de acordo com o tipo de quarto, a vista e o 
tamanho da cama.
But if you value both comfort and privacy and are willing to pay more for that, 
then you should look for three-star hotels and above. You will f ind a wide variety 
of rooms, views, and bed sizes, which you will choose among the following:
Here is some other information you should know about hotels and their rates:
BED SIZES
Single bed
Cama de solteiro
Queen-size bed
Cama tamanho queen
Double bed
Cama de casal (tamanho padrão)
King-size bed
Cama tamanho king
Now you know the types of accommodation and their characteristics, as well as how to choose 
the most appropriate accommodation for your trip. 
< voltar para o índice
10
11
Chapter 1 Vocabulary Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words according to the translation.
( 1 ) Hostel
( 2 ) Dorm
( 3 ) Shared rooms
( 4 ) Accommodation
( 5 ) Privacy
( 6 ) Comfort
( 7 ) Backpacker
( 8 ) Business trip
( 9 ) Honeymoon trip
( 10 ) Single bed 
( 11 ) Queen-size bed
( 12 ) Budget
( ) Conforto
( ) Acomodação
( ) Orçamento
( ) Viagem de negócios 
( ) Dormitório
( ) Cama de solteiro
( ) Cama de tamanho 
queen
( ) Albergue
( ) Mochileiro
( ) Privacidade 
( ) Quartos 
compartilhados
( ) Viagem de lua de mel
a) What is the of your trip?
 Qual é o propósito/motivo da sua viagem? 
b) Are you traveling ?
 Você está viajando a negócios?
c) Is it a tourism ? 
 É uma viagem de turismo?
d) are usually inexpensive and centrally located.
 Albergues geralmente não são caros e têm uma localização central.
e) are usually divided into female and male, 
with up to twelve people.
 Os dormitórios geralmente são divididos entre feminino e masculino, 
com até doze pessoas.
f) and bathrooms are usually shared.
 As acomodações e os banheiros geralmente são compartilhados.
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
6 
/ 4
 / 
12
 / 
8 
/ 2
 / 
10
 / 
11
 / 
1 
/ 7
 / 
5 
/ 3
 / 
9 
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 p
ur
po
se
 
b.
 o
n 
bu
si
ne
ss
c.
 tr
ip
d.
 H
os
te
ls
e.
 D
or
m
s
f. 
A
cc
om
m
od
at
io
ns
Part 3.
ActivitiesVocabulary
12
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 1 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
What is the purpose of your trip?
Qual é o propósito/motivo da sua viagem? 
After learning some important vocabulary about the different kinds of 
accommodation, it is the moment to explore some grammar topics. In this section, 
we are going to explore some uses of the verb verb to be.
We have already talked about the importance of considering the purpose of your 
trip before choosing the best accommodation for you. This is the question we ask 
when we want to know this type of information. Take a look:
Hostels are popular among solo travelers.
Albergues são populares entre pessoas que viajam sozinhas.
Let’s pay special attention to the verb is. As you probably know, this is one of the 
conjugations of the verb to be in the present. And we can use to be to refer to a 
permanent or temporary state.
The verb to be is very frequent in English, and it has several functions. Both its 
conjugation and the sentence structure are unique when compared to other verbs 
in English; that’s why it is so important to understand it well. 
Let’s start by talking about some uses of the verb to be. Take a look at the 
examples:
We can use this verb to talk about characteristics. In the example, popular is a 
characteristic of hostels.
CHARACTERISTICS
 Características
Part 4.
Grammar
13
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 1 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
To be is also used to talk about occupations. Check it out:
The word teacher refers to occupation. 
We use to be to talk about locations too. For example:
And an important detail: we use to be to talk about age, which 
might sound strange to speakers of other languages. Look:
The basic structure of the verb to be in the affirmative form is:
SIMPLE PRESENT – VERB TO BE
 AFFIRMATIVE FORM Subject + Verb To Be + Complement
 Sujeito + Verbo To Be + Complemento
I am a teacher.
Eu sou professor(a).
The Boulevard Hotel is downtown. 
O Hotel Boulevard f ica no centro da cidade.
The Beverly Hills Hotel is 107 years old.
O Hotel Beverly Hills tem 107 anos de idade.
O Hotel Beverly Hills está com 107 anos de idade.
OCCUPATION
Profissão
LOCATION
Localização
AGE
Idade
14
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 1 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
 I AM / I’M
 Eu sou/estou
 YOU ARE / YOU’RE
 Você é/está
 HE IS / HE’S
 Ele é/está
 SHE IS / SHE’S
 Ela é/está
 IT IS / IT’S
 Ele/Ela é/está
 WE ARE / WE’RE
 Nós somos/estamos
 YOU ARE / YOU’RE
 Vocês são/estão
 THEY ARE / THEY’RE
 Eles/Elas são/estão
There are three variations of the verb in the present: am, is, and are. What determines 
the one you will use is the subject of the sentence. Take a look:
As you can see, each person will determine the variation of the verb to be that is 
supposed to be used. 
In the negative form, we just add not right after the verb to be. So, the general 
structure is: 
SIMPLE PRESENT – VERB TO BE
Affirmative
I’m a teacher
Eu sou professor(a).
You are a student.
Você é aluno(a).
He is a guest at the hotel.
Ele é um hóspede no hotel.
She is a receptionist at the inn.
Ela é recepcionista na pousada.
It is a business trip. 
É uma viagem de negócios
We are smart.
Nós somos inteligentes.
You are my students.
Vocês são meus alunos.
They are on a tourism trip.
Eles estão em uma viagem de turismo.
SIMPLE PRESENT – VERB TO BE
 NEGATIVE FORM Subject + Verb To Be + NOT + Complement
 Sujeito + Verbo To Be + NOT + Complemento
15
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 1 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Let’s see some examples: 
In the previous examples, the verb does not form a contraction with the particle not. 
When that happens, there is an emphasis on the negative idea. 
In everyday English, the contracted form of the verb + not is quite common. For example: 
The contracted form is not commonly used for the f irst person singular. We normally use 
the full form instead.The general structure of the interrogative form is:
I am not a student. 
Eu não sou aluno(a). 
It is not a honeymoon trip. 
Não é uma viagem de lua de mel. 
They are not on a business trip. 
Eles não estão em uma viagem de negócios.
It isn’t a honeymoon trip. 
Não é uma viagem de lua de mel. 
They aren’t on a business trip. 
Eles não estão em uma viagem de negócios.
SIMPLE PRESENT – VERB TO BE
Negative Form
SIMPLE PRESENT – VERB TO BE
Negative Contracted Form
SIMPLE PRESENT – VERB TO BE
 INTERROGATIVE FORM Verb To Be + Subject + Complement 
Verbo To Be + Sujeito + Complemento
16
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 1 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
As you can see, the interrogative form is very simple. We simply swap the subject 
with the verb to be in the sentence. The complement remains in the same position. 
Take a look at some examples: 
Regardless of the persons, the interrogative form will be made the 
same way. 
We have seen some of the uses of the verb to be, as well as its 
affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms in the simple present. 
Now, take a look at another situation in which we use this verb:
We are studying English. 
Nós estamos estudando inglês.
This sentence does not refer to a characteristic, occupation, location, or age. The 
main action in this sentence is studying. Nonetheless, the verb to be (are) is placed 
right before the main verb. 
This structure is called present continuous, and it indicates an action in progress in 
the present. Have a look at its basic structure in the affirmative form: 
Is it a family trip?
É uma viagem em família?
Are you at the hotel? 
Você está no hotel?
SIMPLE PRESENT – VERB TO BE
Interrogative Form
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
 AFFIRMATIVE FORM Subject + Verb To Be + Main Verb in the -ING Form 
Sujeito + Verbo To Be + Verbo Principal na Forma -ING
17
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 1 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
In this structure, the verb to be works as an auxiliary verb, and the main verb, 
the one that indicates the action in progress, is in the -ING form.
Have a look at the basic structure for the negative form:
As you can see, the negative form is like the verb to be in the 
structure: we just add not to the sentence right after the verb to be, 
then we use the main verb with -ING, and then the complement. 
For example: 
In this case, we have the subject we, then the verb to be (are + not, 
or aren’t), followed by the main verb study in the -ING form, and 
the complement. 
The interrogative form follows the same structure of the verb to 
be in the present, that is, we swap the verb to be with the subject:
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
 NEGATIVE FORM Subject + Verb To Be + NOT + Main Verb in the -ING Form 
Sujeito + Verbo To Be + NOT + Verbo Principal na Forma -ING
 INTERROGATIVE FORM Verb To Be + Subject + Main Verb in the -ING Form 
Verbo To Be + Sujeito + Verbo Principal na Forma -ING
We aren’t studying Japanese. 
Nós não estamos estudando japonês. 
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Negative Form
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 1 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
As you can see, the verb to be starts the question, followed by the 
subject and the main verb in the -ING form.
For example: 
To sum up, in this chapter you have learned that when the verb to be is the main verb, we are 
usually talking about occupation, location, characteristics, or age, and that its use may indicate 
either a temporary or permanent state. 
But when we use it in the present continuous, the verb to be is just an auxiliary verb. The main 
verb is the one that carries meaning, and it will always come with the suffix -ING to describe an 
action in progress, that is, something that is happening in the present.
For more details on this topic, check the Grammar Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE 
-ING Form Page 234 w
Interrogative Form Page 181 w
Present Continuous Page 205 w
Simple Present – Verb To Be Page 230 w
Are you traveling for work?
Você está viajando a trabalho?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Interrogative Form
< voltar para o índice
18
19
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 1 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation.
a) What the purpose of your trip? 
Qual é o propósito/motivo da sua viagem?
b) We English. 
Nós estamos estudando inglês.
Part 5.
ActivitiesGrammar
A. Match the sentences with the idea they convey.
( 1 ) Characteristic
( 2 ) Occupation
( 3 ) Location
( 4 ) Age
( 5 ) Action in progress
a) ( ) The Boulevard Hotel is downtown.
 O Hotel Boulevard fica no centro da cidade. 
b) ( ) I am a teacher.
 Eu sou professor. 
c) ( ) We are studying English.
 Nós estamos estudando inglês.
d) ( ) The Beverly Hills Hotel is 107 years old.
 O Hotel Beverly Hills tem 107 anos de idade.
e) ( ) We are smart.
 Nós somos inteligentes.
f) ( ) Are you at the hotel?
 Você está no hotel?
20
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 1 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Notes
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 is
b.
 a
re
 s
tu
dy
in
g
c.
 a
re
 n
ot
 s
tu
dy
in
g 
/ 
ar
en
’t 
st
ud
yi
ng
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 
A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 3
 / 
b.
 2
 / 
c.
 5
 / 
d.
 4
 / 
e.
 1
 / 
f. 
3
d.
 Is
e.
 a
re
 n
ot
 / 
ar
en
’t 
f. 
I a
m
 n
ot
 / 
I’m
 n
ot
c) We Japanese. 
Nós não estamos estudando japonês.
d) it a family trip? 
É uma viagem em família?
e) They on a business trip. 
Eles não estão em uma viagem de negócios.
f) a student. 
Eu não sou aluno(a).
< voltar para o índice
20
2Reservation.
22
Chapter 2 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
[At home using the laptop]
Carla:
Here’s a little tip for you: a great way to know if that’s going to be the 
hotel you want to stay at is to read the reviews. We’ve got the Suites 
Santa Clarita that looks like it’s going to be a little far away from where 
I’m going to be working. Regency Valencia, oh no! That definitely 
doesn’t look like a place I would stay. Suites Valencia…well, it has a nice 
pool...
So, let’s see what they have to say about the Suites Valencia. Oh, 
this looks like a good review! “Very pleased with this hotel, would 
recommend it to everyone.” OK, so “very pleased” means they were 
super happy with everything about the hotel, and they got upgraded! 
Oh my God! An upgrade is the best! When you go to a hotel and they 
offer you an upgrade, that means they’re giving you a better room than 
what you reserved! So I like that! 
And they said the bed was extremely comfortable, so extremely 
comfortable means, like, “Hey, it was like sleeping on a cloud!” I like that! 
Because there’s nothing better than a good night’s sleep, especially 
when you’re going on a business trip, right? The only thing that they 
were disappointed with was the noise from the road. So that probably 
means it’s close to a busy area. But that’s OK! Because, you know, bring 
earplugs, right? And then you’ll be f ine! 
RESERVATION
You already know the purpose of your trip, and now you can start looking for 
the best accommodation for you. You should think about comfort, privacy, and, 
of course, your budget. Making reservations online is usually a nice idea, but it 
is important that you know how to use the platform to f ilter your options and 
make your search easier. In this chapter, we will give you some tips on how 
you can do that. And you will also learn some useful structures to help you 
improve your English.
Now look at the script of Reservation.
Part 1.
Video Script
23
Chapter 2 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
They’ve got fast wi-f i; that’s important. So you can stay in touch with 
your friends and family.Oh, but the breakfast menu was small. So, that 
means that there wasn’t a lot of options to choose from for breakfast. 
But, that’s OK, because they’re in a great location, so you could just go 
out for a meal. You know, I think I’m going to reserve the Suites Valencia. 
So, our next step is to make reservations!
[Using the laptop to make her hotel reservation]
Carla:
So, there’s a few things to think about when you’re making a hotel 
reservation. One is your check-in date and your checkout date. That 
means the date that you’re arriving and the date that you’re leaving. 
So, you can see here I’m checking in on Sunday, and then leaving the 
following Saturday, so I’m planning to stay for six nights. The other thing 
that’s important is the type of room. So, do you want a king-size room 
with a large bed? Or maybe a double room with two large beds? Or 
maybe a single room with one twin bed. I have chosen a king room with 
one king bed. For six nights! 
Another thing that’s really important to think about is where your room 
is located. So, do you want a view of the pool maybe? Or maybe the 
mountains? Or do you want to be facing the street? All those things are 
pretty important to think about when you’re making a hotel reservation. 
So, you can see here: for six nights, it’s going to cost me US$1,224.00. 
But there are taxes! And, in the U.S., taxes are always separate from 
the price that you’re going to pay for something. So, when you pay for 
a meal, perhaps, or even when you’re booking a hotel, the price that 
you see is only the price for that particular thing. So, in this case, this is 
just the price for the room. When you check out, then you get to see all 
the extra taxes that you have to pay. So, there are things like city tax, 
tourism tax, service tax, and that all adds up. With that in mind, I’m 
going to go ahead and reserve this hotel room.
Chapter 2 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
24
RESERVAS
[Em casa, no notebook]
Carla:
Aqui vai uma dica: ler as resenhas é um ótimo jeito de saber se este será 
o hotel em que você vai se hospedar. Temos o Suites Santa Clarita, mas 
parece que é um pouco longe de onde vou trabalhar. Regency Valencia? 
Não! Esse definitivamente não parece um lugar onde eu me hospedaria. 
Suites Valencia... bem, esse tem uma boa piscina...
Vamos ver o que falaram sobre o Suites Valencia. Ah, essa parece ser 
uma ótima resenha! “Muito satisfeito com esse hotel, e o recomendaria 
para qualquer pessoa!” OK, “muito satisfeito” quer dizer que eles f icaram 
superfelizes com tudo no hotel e receberam um upgrade de quarto! 
Gente! Um upgrade é a melhor coisa! Quando um hotel te oferece um 
upgrade, isso quer dizer que você está ganhando um quarto melhor do 
que o que você reservou. Eu gosto disso! 
E eles disseram que as camas são extremamente confortáveis. 
Extremamente confortável é tipo: “Uau, é como dormir em uma nuvem!” 
Eu gosto disso! Porque não há nada melhor do que uma boa noite 
de sono, especialmente quando você está viajando a negócios, não 
é mesmo? A única coisa que os decepcionou foi o barulho vindo da 
estrada. Isso provavelmente signif ica que o hotel é próximo de uma área 
movimentada. Mas tudo bem! Porque você pode levar um protetor de 
ouvido, e tudo vai f icar bem! 
O wi-f i é rápido, o que é importante, porque você pode manter contato 
com sua família e amigos. Ah, mas o menu de café da manhã era 
pequeno. Isso quer dizer que não havia muitas opções para se escolher 
no café da manhã. Mas tudo bem, porque eles estão bem localizados, 
então você pode sair para comer algo. Sabe, acho que vou reservar um 
quarto no Suites Valencia. Então, o próximo passo é fazer a reserva!
[Usando o notebook para fazer a reserva]
Carla:
Tem algumas coisas que você deve se lembrar quando estiver 
reservando seu hotel. Uma delas é a a data de check-in e a de checkout. 
Ou seja, quando você vai chegar e quando vai embora. Como vocês 
podem ver, estou chegando no domingo e indo embora no sábado 
seguinte; portanto, estou planejando f icar por seis noites. Outra coisa 
importante é o tipo de quarto. Você quer um quarto tamanho king 
com uma cama grande? Ou talvez um quarto duplo com duas camas 
grandes? Ou talvez um quarto de solteiro com uma cama só? Eu escolhi 
o quarto king, com uma cama king, por seis noites! 
Chapter 2 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
Outra coisa importante de se pensar é a localização do 
quarto. Talvez você queira uma vista para a piscina? Ou 
talvez para as montanhas? Ou talvez você queira f icar de 
frente para a rua? Todas essas coisas são importantes 
quando você está fazendo sua reserva. 
Como vocês podem ver, são seis noites pelo preço de 
US$1.224,00, mas ainda tem os impostos! E os impostos 
nos Estados Unidos são sempre separados do valor que você 
vai pagar. Logo, quando você paga por uma refeição, ou até 
faz uma reserva de hotel, o preço que você vê é somente 
o preço do item sendo comprado. Neste caso, é somente o 
preço do quarto. Quando você faz o checkout é que você vê 
todos os adicionais e impostos que devem ser pagos. Tem os 
impostos municipais, de turismo, impostos de serviço, eles 
vão se somando. Com isso em mente, eu vou reservar esse 
quarto de hotel.
25
< voltar para o índice
26
Video Script VocabularyChapter 2 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
In the last chapter, we talked about the importance of defining the purpose of your 
trip before choosing the most appropriate type of lodging. If you go to a tourist 
destination, like L.A., NY, or Miami, there will be way too many options. Let’s take a 
look at a list of questions that may help you decide:
Where do you want to stay? 
Onde você quer f icar?
What is the most appropriate location?
Qual é a localização mais apropriada
How long are you staying at the hotel?
Por quanto tempo você vai f icar hospedado?
How many people are staying in the room?
Quantas pessoas vão f icar no quarto?
What are the facilities and amenities you would like the hotel to have?
Quais instalações e comodidades você gostaria que o hotel tivesse?
With the answers to these questions, you can use a search f ilter and narrow down your 
options. When doing your research, use the f ilters for location, number of people per room, 
check-in and checkout dates, and the facilities and amenities you would like the hotel to have.
Parking
Serviço de estacionamento
When looking for a hotel, you should 
know what kind of facilities and 
amenities are available to be used as 
a f ilter, so you can f ind one that really 
meets your needs. Here is the f irst one 
you may want to consider:
Vocabulary
Part 2.
27
Video Script VocabularyChapter 2 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
OPTIONS FOR CHILDREN
Think about your morning plans and if you 
are going to have breakfast at the hotel. If 
you decide to do so, you should also f ilter 
your search by breakfast.
If you are traveling with kids during 
summertime, it might be fun to f ind some 
options for them. Some hotels will even 
offer babysitting services. Here is a list of 
options they may offer:
Breakfast
Café da manhã
If you intend to rent a car, you will want to f ind a hotel that offers parking services. In 
some cities like Orlando, Miami, and Atlanta, hotels usually offer free parking to their 
guests. And you can f ilter your search using these exact words: free parking.
Here’s another amenity you may want to consider:
Swimming pool
Piscina
Kids’ play area
Área de entretenimento infantil
Babysitter
Babá
28
Video Script VocabularyChapter 2 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Great Location
Ótima localização
Near tourist spots
Perto de pontos turísticos
Close to downtown
Perto do centro da cidade
The next step is to analyze the ratings and reviews.
The online platforms for hotel reservations typically work with two kinds ofrating: the hotel 
ratings, which will tell you if it is a two-star, three-star, a four-star hotel and so on; and they 
may also provide guest ratings, which is the rating according to the guests’ evaluation. 
Guest reviews tend to be much more reliable, and they will tell you the ups and downs of every 
possible option.
Of course, each hotel may have a huge number of reviews, so the tip is to focus on the rating 
and look for keywords and expressions that will help you choose. For example, if location 
matters to you, you should pay attention to expressions like:
If you are really into central, busy locations, look 
for the following expression:
Reviews that contain the words nice and great 
are also a good indication. Look:
It is always good to be able to count on the staff 
to help you with unexpected problems. So, this 
next one is also a very good indication:
Regarding the room, you should look for 
adjectives, such as clean, comfortable, and 
spacious. Here is an example:
In the heart of the city
No coração da cidade
Quiet neighborhood
Bairro/Vizinhança silencioso(a)
Nice breakfast; great selection of options
Bom café da manhã; ótima variedade de opções
Helpful staff
Funcionários solícitos
Clean, comfortable, and spacious room
Quarto limpo, confortável e espaçoso
This will mean it is in a central spot. 
But if you are looking for a calm, peaceful area, 
look for the word quiet, as in, for example:
29
Video Script VocabularyChapter 2 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
After choosing the main features, location, and facilities, analyzing prices, 
and reading reviews, it is time for you to make up your mind and proceed 
with the reservation.
This is what you will be asked to inform:
The number of adults and children will probably be in different f ields since many 
hotels don’t charge for children up to a certain age. They are just placed in the same 
room as their parents. 
After that, you will decide on the type of room, the bed size, and the view. As we 
have already seen, a room usually considers the number of occupants or the size of 
the bed. In this case, these could be your options:
Check-in date
Data do check-in
Number of rooms
Número de quartos
Checkout date
Data do checkout
Number of adults/children
Número de adultos/crianças
Number of nights
Número de noites/diárias
INFORMATION REQUIRED FOR RESERVATIONS
TYPES OF ROOMS
King room
Quarto com cama king
Queen room
Quarto com cama queen
Twin room
Quarto com duas camas
Video Script VocabularyChapter 2 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
Now you’re ready to narrow down the hotel options based on the purpose of your trip. You also 
know how to evaluate ratings and make an online reservation. 
Finally, you will choose the view that best f its your budget, since it also affects the 
price of the room. Here are some of the most popular options:
Some hotels use the names queen room and king room because they are usually bigger than 
standard rooms, and this already indicates the bed size.
Concerning bed sizes, besides single, double, queen-size, and king-size beds, you can also 
f ind these options:
TYPES OF BEDS
Twin beds
Duas camas idênticas
Twin bed size
Cama de viúva
TYPES OF VIEWS
Ocean view
Vista para o mar
City view
Vista para a cidade
Pool view
Vista para a piscina
Garden view
Vista para o jardim
30
< voltar para o índice
31
Vocabulary ActivitiesChapter 2 Vocabulary Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
( ) Ótima localização
( ) Café da manhã
( ) Cama de viúva
( ) Datas de 
entrada e saída 
( ) Babá
( ) Piscina 
( ) Avaliações dos hóspedes
( ) Instalações
( ) Classif icação do hotel
( ) Área de entretenimento 
infantil 
( ) Comodidades
( ) Serviço de 
estacionamento
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words according to the translation.
( 1 ) Facilities
( 2 ) Amenities
( 3 ) Parking
( 4 ) Breakfast
( 5 ) Swimming pool
( 6 ) Kids’ play area
( 7 ) Babysitter
( 8 ) Hotel rating
( 9 ) Guest reviews
( 10 ) Twin bed size 
( 11 ) Great location
( 12 ) Check-in and 
checkout dates
a) Nice ; great selection of options. 
Bom café da manhã; ótima variedade de opções.
b) Close to . 
Perto do centro da cidade.
c) Near . 
Perto de pontos turísticos.
d) What are the facilities and you would like the hotel 
to have? 
 Quais instalações e comodidades você gostaria que o hotel tivesse?
e) What is the most appropriate ? 
Qual é a localização mais apropriada?
f) , comfortable, and spacious room. 
Quarto limpo, confortável e espaçoso.
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
11
 / 
4 
/ 1
0 
/ 1
2 
/ 7
 / 
5 
/ 
9 
/ 1
 / 
8 
/ 6
 / 
2 
/ 3
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 b
re
ak
fa
st
 
b.
 d
ow
nt
ow
n
c.
 to
ur
is
t s
po
ts
d.
 a
m
en
iti
es
e.
 lo
ca
tio
n
f. 
Cl
ea
n
Part 3.
ActivitiesVocabulary
32
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 2 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Great location 
Ótima localização
Localização ótima
Nice breakfast
Bom café da manhã
Café da manhã bom
Comfortable room
Quarto confortável
I think London is as beautiful as New York.
Eu acho que Londres é tão bonita quanto Nova York.
In this chapter, we are going to talk about adjectives, the comparative form, and the 
superlative form.
Adjectives are used to describe or qualify things, people, places, animals, etc. Therefore, 
they refer to nouns or to pronouns, which are used to replace nouns in a sentence. 
Let’s see some examples.
In this sentence, we have the noun location and the 
adjective great. Notice that we use the adjective f irst 
and then the noun. 
Take a look at the next sentence:
Here, the noun is breakfast, and the adjective is nice. 
And the position of the adjective is still before the noun. 
Let’s see another one:
Now, comfortable is the adjective, and room is the 
noun. Again, the noun follows the adjective. This is the 
most common position for adjectives in English.
Besides describing and qualifying, we can also use adjectives to make 
comparisons. You may want to compare two hotels, two rooms, or two cities. In 
English, there is a specif ic structure for comparisons.
Check it out:
Part 4.
Grammar
33
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 2 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Here we are comparing two hotels considering cleanliness and saying that both 
are equally clean.
So far, all the comparisons have been about equality. But when we want to say 
that one thing is superior when compared to something else, we will have to use 
the comparative of superiority.
The structure is different from that of the comparative of equality, and it will 
depend on the type of adjective that we are working with. So, in order to 
understand that, we need to separate the adjectives into two groups: short and 
long adjectives. 
When we say as beautiful as, we convey the idea that both cities 
are equally beautiful; that is, we express an idea of equality. Notice 
that we use the verb to be to help express that opinion. The basic 
structure to express equality is:
Here we use the structure we have just seen to say that both rooms are 
comfortable and that they are both the same when it comes to comfort. 
Observe that to be is once again the main verb of the sentence. 
One more example:
The adjective is used in this structure without any change 
whatsoever. Let’s see another example:
Room 202 is as comfortable as room 204. 
O quarto 202 é tão confortável quanto o quarto 204. 
The Hills Inn is as clean as the Beverly Hotel. 
O Hills Inn é tão limpo quanto o Beverly Hotel. 
AS + ADJECTIVE + AS
EXPRESSING EQUALITY
34
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 2 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
SHORT ADJECTIVES
Cheap
Barato(a)
Dirty
Sujo(a)Smart
Esperto(a) / inteligente
Clean
Limpo(a)
Busy
Ocupado(a)
For this group of adjectives, the comparative of superiority works like this:
Now, let’s take a look at some examples:
Motels are normally cheaper than hotels. 
Motéis geralmente são mais baratos do que hotéis. 
Hostels can be busier than hotels. 
Albergues podem ser mais movimentados do que hotéis. 
SHORT ADJECTIVE + -ER / -IER + THAN
COMPARATIVE OF SUPERIORITY
As you can see, we add -er at the end of short adjectives. When the short 
adjective ends in Y, we drop the Y and add -ier. The complete structure ends 
when we add the word than, which is followed by the second element that we 
are using to compare with the f irst. For instance, in the previous example, we are 
comparing motels to hotels. So we use than when we name the second object 
of comparison. 
Let’s consider the group of short adjectives f irst. They are adjectives 
with one syllable or adjectives with two syllables ending in Y. 
Take a look at some examples:
35
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 2 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
For the group of long adjectives, the structure is going to change. They can be adjectives with 
two syllables not ending in Y, and with three or more syllables. Let’s see some examples: 
LONG ADJECTIVES
Comfortable
Confortável
Sophisticated
Sofisticado(a)
Spacious
Espaçoso(a)
Appropriate
Apropriado(a)
In these cases, the structure will be the following:
Now check the examples:
MORE + LONG ADJECTIVE + THAN
LONG ADJECTIVES
As you can see, comfortable is considered a long adjective. We do not add any 
syllables to it. Instead, we use more before the adjective, and keep the word than 
right after it, for we are naming the second room to which we are referring. 
Let’s see another example:
Room 202 is more comfortable than room 808. 
O quarto 202 é mais confortável do que o quarto 808. 
The king room is more spacious than the queen room. 
O quarto com a cama king é mais espaçoso do que o 
quarto com a cama queen. 
Since the adjective spacious is a long one, we used the structure more spacious 
than to compare the king room to the queen room. 
36
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 2 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
As you can see, we must add a suff ix to short adjectives as well, but this time 
we will add -est or -iest, and the definite article the before the adjective. Let’s 
see the examples:
Notice that the cheapest means that no other hostel in town costs less than 
the Greenleaf. And in the sentence, there’s in town, which tells us that we are 
comparing this hostel to all of the others in the same city. 
Take a look at this next example:
Here we’ve used pretty, a short adjective ending in Y. So, in the superlative form, 
we drop the Y and add -iest to form the superlative.
THE + SHORT ADJECTIVE + -EST / -IEST
THE SUPERLATIVE FORM
The Greenleaf Hostel is the cheapest in town. 
O Albergue Greenleaf é o mais barato da cidade.
Suites Valencia is the prettiest hotel I know.
O Suites Valencia é o hotel mais bonito que eu conheço.
So, you have learned that we use the comparative form whenever we want to 
compare two elements. But if we want to compare one thing to all of the others in 
the same category, then we will need to use a different structure: the superlative 
form.
To understand how the superlative form works, let’s continue dealing with two 
groups of adjectives: short and long ones. For the short ones, the superlative form 
will have the following structure:
37
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 2 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
IRREGULAR COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS
ADJECTIVE
good
bom/boa
bad
ruim
far
longe
COMPARATIVE FORM
better than
melhor do que
worse than
pior do que
farther than
mais longe do que
SUPERLATIVE FORM
the best
o/a melhor
the worst
o/a pior
the farthest
o/a mais longe
As you can see, sophisticated and appropriate are long adjectives, so all we 
have to do to form the superlative is use the most before them
So far, we have seen the structures of the comparative of superiority and the 
superlative of short and long adjectives. But some adjectives do not follow the 
same pattern—they have irregular comparative and superlative forms. There are 
only a few cases, and, among the most frequent ones, we will highlight three. 
Take a look:
As you can see, we just use the most before long adjectives to form 
the superlative. Check out some examples:
The Five Pearls is the most sophisticated hotel in New York. 
O Five Pearls é o hotel mais sofisticado de Nova York. 
Regency Suites has the most appropriate location of all.
O Regency Suites tem a localização mais apropriada de todas.
THE MOST + LONG ADJECTIVE
THE SUPERLATIVE FORM
Now, with long adjectives, we do not add a suff ix. Look at the structure:
38
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 2 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Now check out these examples:
Hotels are better than motels if you want sophistication. 
Hotéis são melhores do que motéis se você deseja sofisticação. 
Leaving from São Paulo, Toronto is farther than Los Angeles.
Saindo de São Paulo, Toronto é mais distante do que Los Angeles. 
From my point of view, the Blue Lake is the best hotel in town. 
No meu ponto de vista, o Blue Lake é o melhor hotel da cidade.
So, in this chapter, we have talked about adjectives and the structures we use in the 
comparative and superlative forms. For more about these topics, go to the Grammar 
Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE 
Adjectives Page 166 w
Comparative Form Page 176 w
Superlative Form Page 239 w
< voltar para o índice
38
39
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 2 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation.
a) Motels are normally than hotels. 
Motéis geralmente são mais baratos do que hotéis. 
b) Hostels can be than hotels. 
Albergues podem ser mais movimentados do que hotéis.
Part 5.
ActivitiesGrammar
A. Mark the options that best explain the function of the structures in bold.
a) Room 202 is as comfortable as room 204. 
 O quarto 202 é tão confortável quanto o quarto 204. 
( 1 ) comparative of equality
( 2 ) comparative of superiority
b) Hostels can be busier than hotels. 
 Albergues podem ser mais movimentados do que hotéis.
( 1 ) superlative
( 2 ) comparative of superiority
c) The Greenleaf Hostel is the cheapest in town. 
 O Albergue Greenleaf é o mais barato da cidade.
( 1 ) comparative of superiority
( 2 ) superlative
d) Regency Suites has the most appropriate location of all. 
 O Regency Suites tem a localização mais apropriada de todas. 
( 1 ) superlative
( 2 ) comparative of equality
e) The king room is more spacious than the queen room.
 O quarto com a cama king é mais espaçoso do que o quarto com 
a cama queen. 
( 1 ) comparative of superiority
( 2 ) comparative of equality
f) The Hills Inn is as clean as the Beverly Hotel. 
 O Hills Inn é tão limpo quanto o Beverly Hotel. 
( 1 ) superlative
( 2 ) comparative of equality
40
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 2 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Notes
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 c
he
ap
er
b.
 b
us
ie
r
c.
 m
or
e 
co
m
fo
rt
ab
le
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 1
 / 
b.
 2
 / 
c.
 2
 /
 d
. 1
 / 
e.
 1
 /
 f.
 2
d.
 th
e 
be
st
e.
 th
e 
ch
ea
pe
st
f. 
as
 c
le
an
 a
s
c) Room 202 is than room 808. 
O quarto 202 é mais confortável do que o quarto 808.
d) From my point of view, the Blue Lake is hotel in 
town. 
No meu ponto de vista, o Blue Lake é o melhor hotel da cidade.
e) The Greenleaf Hostel is in town. 
O Albergue Greenleaf é o mais barato da cidade. 
f) The Hills Inn is the Beverly Hotel. 
O Hills Inn é tão limpoquanto o Beverly Hotel.
< voltar para o índice
40
3Check-in.
42
Chapter 3 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
[Voice over]
Carla:
And here I am! I’ve just landed in Los Angeles, and I’m on my way to the 
hotel! I did my research, read some reviews, chose the most appropriate 
hotel according to my travel plans, made my reservation, and now it’s 
time to check-in! Let’s go for it!
[At the hotel front desk]
Katie (front desk clerk):
Good afternoon, welcome to Suites Valencia! How may I help you?
Carla:
Hi, I’m Carla Sanchez, I have a reservation.
Katie (front desk clerk):
Great! Very well. Under Sanchez: S-A-N-C-H-E-Z?
Carla:
Yeah!
Katie (front desk clerk):
Great!
Carla:
I have a reservation code if you need it.
Katie (front desk clerk):
No, that’s okay, I’ve found you here. You’re staying with us for six nights, 
right?
CHECK-IN
So you have picked your hotel, made your reservation, and now it is time for you to check in. 
There are still a few things you should know before you get to the front desk, though. In this 
chapter, we will give you some useful tips, so you can easily go through this process, from 
arriving at your hotel to getting to your room. Besides that, as usual, you will also learn some 
important structures that will help you improve your skills. 
Now look at the script of Check-in.
Part 1.
Video Script
43
Chapter 3 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Carla:
I am.
Katie (front desk clerk):
Great, I’m going to need some identif ication, please.
Carla:
Oh, yeah! I love that picture!
Katie (front desk clerk):
That’s a great picture! Alright; and your credit card, please.
Carla:
Well, I’ve already paid everything in advance.
Katie (front desk clerk):
Oh, yes. It’s all taken care of, but the credit card is for incidentals. It’s like 
a safety net. And you won’t be charged.
Carla:
Well, what are incidentals?
Katie (front desk clerk):
Incidentals are, for instance, if you want to order room service, or order a 
movie.
Carla:
Oh, okay. Here you go.
Katie (front desk clerk):
Thank you.
Carla:
I trust you!
Katie (front desk clerk):
You can trust me, Ms. Sanchez. Perfect! There you go! And do you need 
valet parking?
Carla:
No, I’m okay.
Katie (front desk clerk):
Your room number is 547. You can access the internet with your room 
number and last name. The elevators are down to your left, and the 
bellboy will take your bags.
44
Chapter 3 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Carla:
But you want me to leave my luggage here?
Katie (front desk clerk):
Yes, you can leave your bags right there.
Carla:
Okay, alright.
Katie (front desk clerk):
We’ll take care of it.
Carla:
Okay, I trust you, Katie! 
Katie (front desk clerk):
You can trust me, Ms. Sanchez. Enjoy your stay!
Carla:
Thank you!
Katie (front desk clerk):
You’re welcome.
Carla:
Bye-bye!
Katie (front desk clerk):
Bye!
[Voice over]
Carla:
Having a reservation really makes things easier and faster at the 
check-in. I had my reservation code with me, which we should always 
keep at hand. But since it was under my name, I didn’t even have to use 
the code! I confess that the incidentals took me a little bit by surprise. I 
was not fully aware that the hotel would ask for an authorization to hold 
on to my credit card at the check-in. Procedures...Let’s take a look at the 
bedroom now!
[Entering her room]
Carla:
Wow! This room is incredible!
45
Chapter 3 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
CHECK-IN
[Em off]
Carla:
E aqui estou! Acabei de pousar em Los Angeles, e estou a caminho do 
hotel! Eu f iz minha pesquisa, li algumas resenhas, escolhi o hotel mais 
apropriado para meus planos de viagem, f iz minha reserva, e agora é a 
hora de fazer o check-in! Vamos lá!
[Na recepção do hotel]
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Boa-tarde! Bem-vinda ao Suites Valencia! Como posso ajudar?
Carla:
Olá, meu nome é Carla Sanchez, e eu tenho uma reserva.
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Ótimo! Muito bem. Em nome de Sanchez: S-A-N-C-H-E-Z?
Carla:
Sim!
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Ótimo!
Carla:
Eu tenho o código da reserva, caso você precise.
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Não, tudo certo, já encontrei a senhora no sistema. A senhora f icará 
conosco por seis noites, certo?
Carla:
Sim.
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Ótimo, vou precisar de um documento, por favor.
Carla:
Sim! Eu amo essa foto!
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
É uma ótima foto! Muito bem, e seu cartão de crédito, por favor.
Carla:
Mas eu já paguei tudo adiantado.
Chapter 3 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
46
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Sim, já está tudo certo, mas o cartão é para alguma despesa extra. É 
como se fosse um seguro, e a senhora não será cobrada.
Carla:
Bem, o que seriam essas despesas extras?
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Caso a senhora queira pedir algo do serviço de quarto, ou assistir a um 
filme, por exemplo.
Carla:
Ah, OK. Aqui está.
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Muito obrigada.
Carla:
Eu confio em você!
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Pode confiar em mim, Senhora Sanchez. 
Carla:
Perfeito!
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Pronto! E a senhora precisa de manobrista?
Carla:
Não, não preciso.
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
O número do seu quarto é 547; a senhora pode acessar a internet com 
esse número e seu sobrenome. Os elevadores estão à sua esquerda, e o 
carregador levará as suas malas.
Carla:
Mas você quer que eu deixe minhas malas aqui?
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Sim, a senhora pode deixá-las logo ali.
Carla:
OK, muito bem.
Chapter 3 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Nós tomaremos conta delas.
Carla:
OK, estou confiando em você, Katie!
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Pode confiar em mim, Senhora Sanchez. Aproveite sua estadia!
Carla:
Muito obrigada!
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
De nada.
Carla:
Tchau, tchau!
Katie (recepcionista do hotel):
Tchau!
[Em off]
Carla:
Ter uma reserva facilita as coisas no check-in! Eu tinha meu código de 
reserva comigo, que devemos sempre ter à mão! Mas, como a reserva 
estava em meu nome, eu nem precisei usar o código! Eu confesso que 
as despesas extras me pegaram um pouco de surpresa. Eu não estava 
completamente ciente de que o hotel iria pedir uma caução no meu cartão 
de crédito durante o check-in. Faz parte...Vamos dar uma olhada no quarto 
agora!
[Entrando em seu quarto]
Carla:
Uau! Este quarto é incrível!
47
< voltar para o índice
48
Video Script VocabularyChapter 3 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Once you get to the hotel, you should proceed to the reception or front desk; that is 
where you will check-in. In general, here is what happens then:
Tell the clerk your reservation code and/or name and present your documents.
Dê o código da sua reserva ou seu nome ao(à) recepcionista e mostre seus documentos.
Inform your credit card number for incidentals.
Dê o número do seu cartão de crédito para eventuais despesas extras.
Be informed about parking, Wi-Fi access, and breakfast.
Informe-se sobre estacionamento, acesso ao Wi-Fi e café da manhã.
Hello. / Hi.
Olá. / Oi.
Good morning.
Bom-dia.
Good evening.
Boa-noite.
Good afternoon.
Boa-tarde.
Now let’s go over each of these 
interactions separately. Here is the f irst one:
Informal greetings like Hi or Hello are 
common when dealing with services, and you 
don’t have to worry about being too formal.
You can also go for a more neutral register 
and just say:
GREETINGS 
Cumprimentos
Vocabulary
Part 2.
49
Video Script VocabularyChapter 3 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
If you are ready to talk 
about your reservation 
you can say, for example:
If you wish, you can inform your name rightafterwards. So you could say: 
If you don’t inform the name on the reservation right away, the clerk will 
probably ask you:
The name might be a little different from what Americans are used to 
hearing, so they may ask you:
Remember that Good night and Good evening are both used at night, but Good 
night is only used as a farewell. For example, if you are going to bed and you are 
saying goodbye, then you say: Good night or Have a good night.
The person working at the front desk is usually called front desk clerk, and here is 
what you will probably hear from them:
How can I help you?
How may I help you?
Como posso te ajudar?
I have a reservation for (five) nights.
Eu tenho uma reserva para (cinco) 
noites/diárias.
I have a reservation for (five) nights. It’s under (Carlos Lopes).
Eu tenho uma reserva para (cinco) noites. 
Está no nome de (Carlos Lopes).
Can you spell it, please?
Você pode soletrar, por favor?
What is your name and last name?
Qual o seu nome e sobrenome?
Under whose name is the reservation?
No nome de quem está a reserva?
50
Video Script VocabularyChapter 3 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
You probably won’t have to spell 
anything if they ask you the 
following:
Do you have a reservation code?
Você tem um código de reserva?
As soon as the clerk f inds your reservation, either by your name or by the reservation 
code, they will check the information and confirm it with you. 
They will say something like this:
In some hotel chains in the U.S. and around the world, the clerk will 
ask for a credit card number upon check-in for incidentals.
Incidentals are just additional expenses you might have during your stay, like 
pay-per-view movies or room service—it works as a guarantee to cover extra 
services or even damage to the property. Even if you have already paid for your 
reservation, this is a standard check-in procedure, and the clerk will probably tell 
you something like this:
Mr. Lopes, you have a reservation for an executive suite for five nights. Is that correct?
Senhor Lopes, o senhor tem uma reserva para uma suíte executiva por cinco noites. Está correto?
I need some identification, please.
Eu preciso de um documento de identidade, por favor.
I just need your credit card for incidentals.
Eu só preciso do seu cartão de crédito para eventuais despesas extras / como caução.
Could you give me a credit card number for incidentals?
Poderia me dar um número de cartão de crédito para eventuais despesas extras / como caução?
51
Video Script VocabularyChapter 3 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Lastly, the clerk will hand you 
the key and tell you your room 
number. It will be something like:
If the clerk doesn’t tell you the 
Wi-Fi network and password, 
you can ask by saying:
Your room number is 208. Here is your key.
O número do seu quarto é 208. Aqui está a sua chave.
How do I connect to the hotel Wi-Fi?
Como eu me conecto ao Wi-Fi do hotel?
They will tell you which network you should use, then the username, and f inally, the 
password. For example:
Use our guests’ network.
Use a rede para hóspedes.
The username is your last name, and the password is your room number.
O nome de usuário é o seu último sobrenome, e a senha é o número do quarto.
You can access the internet with your room number and your last name.
Você pode acessar a internet com seu número de quarto e seu último sobrenome.
Another topic that might come up during check-in concerns the use of the parking 
lot. If you plan to rent a car, you will need parking services. Some hotels offer free 
parking to their guests; others don’t. So, it’s advisable to check it while making your 
reservation. You can also ask during the check-in. You can say:
Is there a parking lot in the hotel?
Têm estacionamento no hotel?
What are the charges?
Como é cobrado?
52
Video Script VocabularyChapter 3 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Do you need parking?
Você precisa de estacionamento?
Do you need valet parking?
Você precisa de manobrista?
What time do you serve breakfast? 
A que horas o café da manhã é servido?
Breakfast is served from 6 a.m. to 9 a.m.
O café da manhã é servido das 6h às 9h da manhã.
The question could also come from the clerk. Take a look:
You should also ask about breakfast. If you are not sure, ask about the time and 
place where breakfast is served. Concerning the time, you can ask:
And you will hear something like:
Where is breakfast served?
Onde o café da manhã é servido?
Breakfast is served on the third floor.
O café da manhã é servido no terceiro andar.
To ask about the place, you can say:
And the clerk might answer:
53
Video Script VocabularyChapter 3 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Is my credit card eligible for a room upgrade?
O meu cartão de crédito me dá direito a um upgrade de quarto?
Can I change rooms or get some kind of upgrade? 
Posso mudar de quarto ou conseguir algum tipo de upgrade?
We don’t have any other rooms available.
Nós não temos nenhum outro quarto disponível.
If you are lucky, you could also get some upgrades for your stay. Upgrades are 
a benefit sometimes offered by hotel-chain reward or loyalty programs or even 
through credit-card reward programs. It is something you can request upon 
check-in. 
First, you should check the hotel website for the possible upgrades. 
Then you can ask the clerk:
Upgrades won’t always be possible, so be ready to get a negative answer such as:
Depending on the facilities available at the hotel, there are all kinds 
of questions you could ask the clerk during the check-in, or at any 
other moment, such as:
What time does the swimming pool close?
A que horas a piscina fecha?
Where is the gym center?
Onde f ica a academia?
Until what time is the restaurant open?
Até que horas o restaurante f ica aberto? 
Video Script VocabularyChapter 3 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
Finally, after getting all the information you need, this is what you might 
hear if the hotel has a bellboy or bellhop service:
The bellboy will take your luggage.
O carregador vai levar suas malas.
Now you know step by step how to proceed during the check-in at the hotel, as well as common 
interactions that may happen throughout this process. 
Some accents can be different, and people may speak in a lower tone 
of voice or faster than you are used to hearing, which can compromise 
your comprehension. Here are some sentences you can use in case 
you need to ask for clarif ication. The simplest ones are:
Sorry?
Desculpe?
Can you repeat that, please?
Você pode repetir, por favor?
Pardon me?
Perdão?
I’m sorry, I didn’t understand what you said.
Desculpe, eu não entendi o que você disse.
54
< voltar para o índice
55
Vocabulary ActivitiesChapter 3 Vocabulary Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 re
se
rv
at
io
n 
co
de
 
b.
 in
ci
de
nt
al
s
c.
 b
re
ak
fa
st
d.
 re
se
rv
at
io
n
e.
 c
re
di
t c
ar
d
f. 
ke
y
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
9 
/ 4
 / 
5 
/ 8
 / 
7 
/ 3
 / 
6 
/ 
2 
/ 1
0 
/ 1
 / 
12
 / 
11
( ) Código de reserva
( ) Café da manhã
( ) Despedidas
( ) Carregador
( ) Área de 
estacionamento
( ) Cumprimentos
( ) Despesas extras
( ) Atendente de recepção
( ) Reserva
( ) Recepção
( ) Cartão de crédito
( ) Chave
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word according to the translation.
( 1 ) Front desk
( 2 ) Front desk clerk
( 3 ) Greetings
( 4 ) Breakfast
( 5 ) Farewells
( 6 ) Incidentals
( 7 ) Parking lot
( 8 ) Bellboy/Bellhop
( 9 ) Reservation code
( 10 ) Reservation 
( 11 ) Key
( 12 ) Credit card
a) Tell the clerk your and/or name and present your 
documents.
 Dê o código da sua reserva ouseu nome ao(à) recepcionista e mostre seus 
documentos.
b) Inform your credit card number for .
 Dê o número do seu cartão de crédito para eventuais despesas extras.
c) Be informed about parking, Wi-Fi access, and .
 Informe-se sobre estacionamento, acesso ao Wi-Fi e café da manhã.
d) I have a for five nights.
 Eu tenho uma reserva para cinco noites.
e) I just need your for incidentals.
 Eu só preciso do seu cartão de crédito como caução.
f) Your room number is 208. Here is your .
 O número do seu quarto é 208. Aqui está a sua chave.
Part 3.
ActivitiesVocabulary
56
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 3 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
I have a reservation for five nights. 
Eu tenho uma reserva para cinco noites.
We serve breakfast from 6 to 11 a.m. 
Nós servimos o café da manhã das 6h às 11h. 
In this chapter, we are going to talk about the simple present, see some spelling 
rules related to this verb form, and the modal verbs can and could.
Let’s start with the simple present. We have already seen the verb to be in 
the simple present. It is the most irregular verb in English, with a very specif ic 
conjugation. Now we will study other verbs in the simple present.
The basic structure with other verbs in the affirmative form is the following:
For example: 
There’s the subject I, the main verb have, and the complement, which is the rest 
of the sentence. Notice that the verb conjugation is pretty simple: we use have, 
just like the base form of the verb.
Take a look at this next sentence:
SUBJECT + MAIN VERB + COMPLEMENT
Sujeito + Verbo Principal + Complemento
SIMPLE PRESENT – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
SIMPLE PRESENT – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Part 4.
Grammar
57
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 3 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Now the subject is we, then we have the main verb serve followed by the 
complement. There is the idea of routine here, for the hotel always serves breakfast 
from 6 to 11 a.m. Remember that the simple present is used to talk about routine, 
habits, and facts.
When we use the third person singular, he, she or it, there is a slight change in the 
conjugation of the main verb: depending on the ending of the verb, we add -s, -es or 
-ies. Take a look:
Here the subject is the hotel, which will be replaced by it, since we use he or she 
only for people. It is also the third person singular, so we must add -s to the verb: it 
becomes offers.
Note that even though the verb conjugation changes, the sentence structure remains 
the same: subject + main verb + complement.
The housekeeper is who we are talking about, which is equivalent to the pronouns 
he or she, the third person singular. So we add -s to the main verb: cleans. 
Let’s look at another example:
The housekeeper cleans the rooms every morning. 
O(a) camareiro(a) limpa os quartos todas as manhãs.
The hotel offers valet parking.
O hotel oferece estacionamento com manobrista.
He/She cleans the rooms every morning.
Ele(a) limpa os quartos todas as manhãs. 
It offers valet parking.
Ele oferece estacionamento com manobrista.
SIMPLE PRESENT – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
SIMPLE PRESENT – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
58
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 3 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
SIMPLE PRESENT 
Verb Conjugation
Let’s see the verb conjugation in the simple present in the affirmative form using the 
verb clean as an example:
SINGULAR
I clean
You clean
He / She / It cleans
PLURAL
We clean
You clean
They clean
So, we have clean, the base form of the verb, for every person, except for the third 
person singular: he, she, it. For them, the inflection is cleans.
For the negative form, we need to add an auxiliary verb and not. Let’s take a look at 
the basic structure of the negative form in the simple present:
As you can see, both sentences have the same kind of structure. We can use the full form do not 
or the contracted form don’t. In general, we use the contracted form unless we want to emphasize 
the sentence.
Let’s analyze some examples: 
SUBJECT + AUXILIARY VERB (DO) + NOT + MAIN VERB + COMPLEMENT
Sujeito + Verbo Auxiliar (Do) + Not + Verbo Principal + Complemento
SIMPLE PRESENT – NEGATIVE FORM
I do not (don’t) have a reservation. 
Eu não tenho uma reserva. 
The receptionists do not (don’t) take the luggage to the rooms.
Os recepcionistas não levam a bagagem para os quartos. 
59
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 3 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Now, when the subject of the sentence can be replaced by either he, she, or it, 
we have to use the conjugation of the third person singular. In such cases, we 
conjugate the auxiliary verb, so we will use does, and the main verb remains in 
its base form. Look:
In both sentences, we can see that the subjects are in the third person singular. In 
the f irst case, the swimming pool can be replaced by it. In the second case, the 
receptionist can be replaced either with he or she. 
The auxiliary verb must be conjugated, so we have does + not or doesn’t. The main 
verbs are in their base form, without the -s. Note that all of the previous examples 
in the negative form share the same sentence structure. The only difference is the 
conjugation of the auxiliary verb.
SIMPLE PRESENT – NEGATIVE FORM
The swimming pool does not (doesn’t) open before 10 a.m.
A piscina não abre antes das 10h da manhã.
The receptionist does not (doesn’t) charge incidentals at the check-in. 
O(A) recepcionista não cobra as despesas extras no check-in.
Now let’s check out the interrogative form of the simple present:
AUXILIARY VERB + SUBJECT + MAIN VERB + COMPLEMENT
Verbo auxiliar + Sujeito + Verbo Principal + Complemento
SIMPLE PRESENT – INTERROGATIVE FORM
So, in the interrogative form, the basic structure starts with the 
auxiliary verb, which can be Do or Does, depending on the subject. 
Then, there’s the main verb in its base form, and f inally the 
complement. For example:
60
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 3 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
SIMPLE PRESENT – INTERROGATIVE FORM
DO (AUXILIARY AND MAIN VERB)
Do you need valet parking? 
Você precisa de manobrista?
The employees don’t do their best.
Os funcionários não fazem o seu melhor.
Does the hotel charge for early check-in?
O hotel cobra por check-in antecipado? 
Do the employees do their best?
Os funcionários fazem o seu melhor?
As you can see, in the f irst example the subject is you, so the auxiliary 
verb must be do. In the second example, however, the subject is the 
hotel, which is equivalent to it. So the auxiliary verb must be does. 
The verb do does not have any meaning when it’s used as an 
auxiliary. But that changes when it is the main verb. Take a look at the 
examples:
Here, do is the main verb and it is the action in the sentence. So, in this case, it 
carries meaning. 
Now, to make the negative and the interrogative forms in the simple present 
when the main verb is do, it will be necessary to use do as an auxiliary verb. Look:
The employees do their best.
Os funcionários fazem o seu melhor.
DO (MAIN VERB)
61
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 3 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Do appears twice in these sentences, and that is okay. As an auxiliary verb, it only 
helps to form the structure and it has no meaning of its own, but as the main verb, it 
adds meaning to the sentence.
Unlike the auxiliary verb do in the simple present, there is another kind of auxiliary 
verb that when combined with the main verb will actually add a new meaning to the 
structure: the modal verbs.
Can and could, for example, are modal verbs that can add to the sentence the 
idea of possibility. That’s why they are used to make requests, that is, to ask if 
something is possible.
This is the general structure of questions with modal verbs:
Check out an example with the modal verbcan:
Here we are asking if it is possible for the person to perform the action. 
It is a polite way to make a request. Note that we also use please. 
Now check out this example with could:
Modal Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Complement
Modal Verb Auxiliar + Sujeito + Verbo Principal + Complemento
MODAL VERBS – INTERROGATIVE FORM
Can you spell your name, please? 
Você pode soletrar seu nome, por favor? 
Could you spell your name, please? 
Você poderia soletrar seu nome, por favor? 
MODAL VERBS – INTERROGATIVE FORM
MODAL VERBS – INTERROGATIVE FORM
62
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 3 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
MAKING REQUESTS
Can I get some kind of upgrade? 
Eu posso conseguir algum tipo de upgrade? 
Could you give me your credit card 
number for incidentals? 
Você poderia me dar seu cartão 
de crédito para despesas extras?
Could we change rooms? 
Nós poderíamos trocar de quarto? 
Can you repeat your name, please? 
Você pode repetir seu nome, por favor?
The modal verb could also expresses the idea of possibility, but it is slightly more 
formal than can. Note that the sentence structure does not change, as we only 
replace can with could. 
Can and could are good options when we want to make requests. It is also 
important to highlight that when we use modals as auxiliary verbs, it doesn’t 
matter whether the subject is singular or plural. The sentence structure and the 
conjugation will always be the same.
But pay attention. When making requests, either asking for permission or favors, 
we will usually ask questions in the first or second person, that is, with the 
subjects I or you. Take a look:
In this chapter, you have learned that the simple present can be used to talk about 
routine, habits, and facts. And if you want to make requests, use can or could.
For more details on this topic, go to the Grammar Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE 
Modal Verb Can Page 184 w
Modal Verb Could Page 187 w
Simple Present – Other Verbs Page 224 w
Spelling Rules Third Person – Simple Present Page 237 w
< voltar para o índice
62
63
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 3 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation.
a) I a reservation for five nights.
 Eu tenho uma reserva para cinco noites.
b) The receptionists the luggage to the rooms. 
 Os recepcionistas não levam a bagagem para os quartos. 
Part 5.
ActivitiesGrammar
A. Choose the option that best describes the function of the sentence.
a) We serve breakfast from 6 to 11 a.m. 
 Nós servimos o café da manhã das 6h às 11h. 
( 1 ) making a request
( 2 ) routine
b) I don’t have a reservation. 
 Eu não tenho uma reserva.
( 1 ) making a request
( 2 ) fact
c) The swimming pool doesn’t open before 10 a.m. 
 A piscina não abre antes das 10h da manhã.
( 1 ) routine
( 2 ) making a request
d) The housekeeper cleans the rooms every morning. 
 O(a) camareiro(a) limpa os quartos todas as manhãs.
( 1 ) routine
( 2 ) making a request
e) Can I get some kind of upgrade?
 Eu posso conseguir algum tipo de upgrade?
( 1 ) making a request
( 2 ) routine
64
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 3 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Notes
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 
A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 h
av
e
b.
 d
on
’t 
ta
ke
 / 
do
 n
ot
 ta
ke
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 2
 / 
b.
 2
 / 
c.
 1
 /
d.
 1
 / 
e.
 1
c.
 D
oe
s 
th
e 
ho
te
l c
ha
rg
e
d.
 d
o
e.
 C
an
/C
ou
ld
 y
ou
 s
pe
ll
f. 
cl
ea
ns
c) for an early check-in?
 O hotel cobra por check-in antecipado?
d) The employees their best. 
 Os funcionários fazem o seu melhor.
e) your name, please? 
 Você pode soletrar seu nome, por favor?
f) The housekeeper the rooms every morning.
 O(a) camareiro(a) limpa os quartos todas as manhãs.
< voltar para o índice
64
4Hotel Policies.
66
Chapter 4 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
[In the bedroom, getting the door for the bellboy]
Carla:
What are you doing with my luggage?
Bellboy:
I work for the front desk, they told me to bring your luggage to your 
room, ma’am.
Carla:
Oh, right! The bellboy, yeah! 
[Carla makes a side comment with the viewer]
So, hotels have this service where they have someone bring your 
luggage to your room, and they’re called bellboys!
Bellboy:
Where should I place your luggage, ma’am? 
Carla:
Anywhere? 
Bellboy:
Here’s f ine?
Carla:
Yeah, sure! Oh, tip! Right? Sorry, I’m new to this. Never stayed in a hotel 
before. Here you go!
HOTEL POLICIES
You already know many things about hotels. But there is still one very important aspect you 
should consider: the hotel policies. They may vary from place to place, but the most relevant 
ones are usually the same wherever you go, especially in the U.S. So, in this chapter, we will 
show you the most important ones, and you will also learn language items to help you improve 
your English.
Now look at the script of Hotel Policies.
Part 1.
Video Script
67
Chapter 4 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Bellboy:
Have a great day!
Carla:
Thank you, thanks so much.
[Bellboy leaves the room]
Carla:
Yeah, so tipping is a really important thing when you’re staying in a hotel 
because there are lots of people who do little things like that. Bring your 
luggage to the room, make your bed, clean your room. So, it’s always 
important to leave them something a little extra special like a tip! 
Once you have your bag and you’re all set, a good hint is to take a look 
at the hotel policies, which is usually in a binder on a desk or in a drawer 
in your room. You might have asked about some of the policies at the 
check-in, or even when you were making the reservation. 
Let’s say you were traveling with kids. Well, in this case, you’ll have 
checked the hotel child policy before your check-in date. These policies 
vary from one hotel to another. In this hotel, for example, children aged 
12 and under stay free with one paying adult. But each hotel will have 
its own child, pet, deposit, cancellation, and no-show policies. It’s 
important to check some of them previously according to your travel 
plans. 
Let me point out some policies that every guest should know—for 
example, the check-in and checkout time, which may vary widely in 
American hotels. Also, check the lost and found procedures: you should 
learn how to f ind your belongings in case you forget them at the hotel.
[Carla reads a message from a friend on her phone]
Carla:
My friend wants to know if I can receive a package for her. And there’s 
the package shipping and receiving policy. Some hotels will charge to 
receive packages for you. Here, for example, guests are charged three 
dollars per piece. Oh well, she’s definitely paying for that! 
[Carla takes a selfie]
Carla:
Alright, well...Kisses!
68
Chapter 4 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
POLÍTICAS DO HOTEL
[No quarto, atendendo a porta para o carregador]
Carla:
O que você está fazendo com minhas malas?
Carregador:
Eu sou da recepção, eles me pediram para trazer suas malas até o seu 
quarto, senhora.
Carla:
Ah, claro! O carregador, sim! 
[Carla faz um comentário à parte com o espectador] 
Os hotéis têm esse serviço: alguém traz suas malas até seu quarto, e 
eles são chamados de carregadores!
Carregador:
Onde devo deixar suas malas, senhora? 
Carla:
Em qualquer lugar? 
Carregador:
Aqui está bom?
Carla:
Sim, claro! Ah, a gorjeta! Certo? Me desculpe, eu sou nova nisso. Nunca 
me hospedei em um hotel antes. Aqui está!
Carregador:
Tenha um ótimo dia!
Carla:
Obrigada! Muito, muito obrigada!
[O carregador sai do quarto]
Chapter 4 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
69
Carla:Então: dar gorjetas é algo muito importante quando se está em um 
hotel, porque há muitas pessoas que fazem coisas por você. Elas trazem 
sua bagagem, arrumam sua cama, limpam seu quarto. Então é sempre 
importante dar algo a mais, especial, como uma gorjeta! 
Uma vez que você pegou suas malas e está instalado, uma boa dica 
é dar uma olhada nas políticas do hotel, que geralmente f icam em um 
fichário numa mesa ou gaveta do seu quarto. Você pode ter perguntado 
sobre algumas delas durante o check-in, ou até mesmo quando fez a 
reserva. 
Digamos que você esteja viajando com crianças. Bem, nesse caso, você 
terá checado a política com relação a crianças antes do seu check-in. 
Essa política varia de um hotel para o outro. Neste hotel, por exemplo, 
crianças com menos de 12 anos f icam de graça com um adulto pagante. 
Mas cada hotel terá uma regra diferente para crianças, animais de 
estimação, depósitos, cancelamentos e não comparecimento. É muito 
importante conferir algumas delas antes, dependendo dos seus planos 
de viagem. 
Deixe-me destacar algumas regras que todo hóspede deve saber. 
Por exemplo, o horário de check-in e checkout, que pode variar muito 
entre hotéis nos Estados Unidos. Também dê uma olhada na política 
de achados e perdidos, pois você tem que saber como achar seus 
pertences caso você os esqueça no hotel. 
[Carla lê uma mensagem de uma amiga em seu celular]
Carla:
Minha amiga quer saber se posso receber uma encomenda para ela. 
E temos aqui a regra de envio e recebimento. Alguns hotéis cobram 
para receber encomendas para você. Aqui, por exemplo, cobram dos 
hóspedes três dólares por pacote. Ela com certeza vai pagar por isso!
[Carla tira uma selfie]
Carla:
Beleza, então... Beijos!
< voltar para o índice
70
Video Script VocabularyChapter 4 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
When traveling abroad, it is important to bear in mind that there will be cultural 
aspects that must be observed and respected. Cultural aspects are defined as 
follows: 
A set of principles and procedures adopted by the hotel and shared 
with guests and staff as a printed document. 
Um conjunto de princípios e procedimentos adotado pelo hotel e 
compartilhado com hóspedes e funcionários em um documento impresso.
So, cultural aspects are not like laws or rules, but they are part of common 
knowledge shared by people from a particular place. That’s why they vary from one 
country to another. If we fail to observe, respect, and educate ourselves about the 
cultural aspects of the places we are visiting, there is a chance our behavior will 
be regarded as impolite or even rude. Tipping, for example, is an American cultural 
habit.
Now, when it comes to hotel rules, it is important to observe the hotel policies, 
which can be defined as follows:
HOTEL POLICIES
Políticas/Normas/Regras do Hotel
A set of values, norms, habits, and customs shared by members of a 
group or society. It is part of common knowledge.
Um conjunto de valores, normas, hábitos e costumes compartilhados por 
membros de um grupo ou sociedade. Faz parte do senso comum.
CULTURAL ASPECTS 
Aspectos culturais
Vocabulary
Part 2.
71
Video Script VocabularyChapter 4 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
It is a good idea to take a look at some specif ic points of the policy when making 
your reservation. For example, the cancellation policy or no-show policy is 
available online at the moment of the reservation, so it is advisable to read it 
before you f inish the reservation process.
The document that lists the hotel policies is usually 
available in every hotel room, but in case it isn’t, all you 
have to do is ask at the front desk. You can say:
“Cancel by a certain date” policy: cancellation is free 
of charge seven days prior to the date of arrival.
Política de cancelamento até uma data específ ica: o cancelamento é livre de 
cobranças sete dias antes da data de chegada.
“One-night penalty” policy: the cancellation fee is equivalent 
to one night’s stay at the hotel.
Política de cancelamento com cobrança de uma diária: a taxa de 
cancelamento é equivalente à estadia de uma noite no hotel.
Non-refundable reservation policy: you must pay for the entire stay at 
the time of booking, and it is non-refundable.
Política de reserva sem reembolso: você tem que pagar pela sua estadia 
completa no momento da reserva, e essa quantia não é reembolsável
Can I have a copy of the hotel policies?
Posso ter uma cópia das políticas do hotel?
Where can I find the hotel policies?
Onde posso encontrar as políticas do hotel?
Let’s take a look at the most common cancellation policies adopted by 
American hotels:
72
Video Script VocabularyChapter 4 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
So, if you arrive at the hotel without the same card you used to make the reservation, 
you might have problems confirming your stay. 
Another noteworthy point is the non-smoking policy. Nowadays, most hotels 
and buildings in the U.S. are smoke-free zones, including balconies and outside 
facilities. That means you cannot smoke on the hotel premises whatsoever. In this 
case, you might read some sentences like:
For credit card reservations, the same card must be presented upon check-in.
Para reservas com cartão de crédito, o mesmo cartão deve ser apresentado no check-in.
The hotel is a 100% non-smoking property.
O hotel é uma propriedade 100% antifumo.
The entire hotel is a smoke-free zone.
O hotel inteiro é uma área antifumo.
It is forbidden to smoke in the rooms and common areas.
É proibido fumar nos quartos e nas áreas comuns.
The no-show policy is usually charged just like a cancellation policy, one-night penalty, or 
non-refundable policy.
There might be some others, but, in general, these are the most common cancellation policies.
Now there is one specif ic detail to which we should also pay attention during the reservation. 
Many hotels require the following:
And then they will tell you about the fees you are supposed to pay if you don’t follow 
the policy. For example:
Smoking in the rooms or on the balcony will result in a US$300 cleaning fee.
Fumar nos quartos ou na varanda resultará numa taxa de limpeza de 300 dólares.
Violation of this policy will result in a US$300 fee.
A violação desta política resultará numa taxa de 300 dólares.
73
Video Script VocabularyChapter 4 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
A corkage fee will be charged for each bottle brought into the hotel restaurant.
Uma taxa de rolha será cobrada por cada garrafa levada para o restaurante do hotel.
If you can’t f ind anything about it in the hotel policy, you can just ask them. 
You could say:
Does a corkage fee apply?
A taxa de rolha é aplicada/cobrada?
How much is the corkage fee?
Quanto é a taxa de rolha?
Is there a corkage fee?
Há uma taxa de rolha?
It is also wise to take a look at the food and beverage policy, especially if you enjoy having 
meals at the hotel restaurant.
If you buy an excellent bottle of wine during the trip and you would like to drink it during dinner 
at the hotel restaurant, it is very likely that there will be a corkage fee—the fee you pay for 
bringing your own alcoholic beverage. And that will also be mentioned in the hotel policy. You 
will read something like:
You can also use these questions to ask about any other existing fee. For 
example, some hotels have a package-receiving policy, which means that if you 
want to have any package delivered to you in the hotel, you should pay for it.
So you can use the same questions just changing the kind of fee. For example:
Does a package-receiving fee apply?
A taxa de recebimento de encomenda é aplicada/cobrada?
Is there a package-receiving fee?
Há uma taxa de recebimento de encomenda?
How much is the package-receiving fee?
Quanto é a taxa de recebimento de encomenda?
74
Video Script VocabularyChapter 4 VocabularyActivities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Another important policy you will f ind in the document is the lost 
and found policy. Some hotels will ask you to simply contact the 
front desk. Others might require you to f ill out a form with your 
personal information, some details about your stay, and a brief 
description of the lost item.
You should do that as soon as possible since some hotels keep their lost and 
found items for a maximum period of three months. So, you will probably read 
some information like this in the hotel policies:
You will be contacted to arrange how the items should be returned.
Você será contatado para combinar como os itens devem ser devolvidos.
Shipping costs are paid by the receiver.
Os custos de envio são pagos pelo destinatário.
The hotel will store lost items for three months.
O hotel guardará itens perdidos por três meses.
The hotel takes no responsibility for lost items and 
cannot guarantee the items will be found.
O hotel não se responsabiliza por itens perdidos, e não pode 
garantir que os itens serão achados.
And don’t forget to get informed about the luggage-storage policy. In general, you will 
f ind this information:
Luggage storage is available through the front desk at no additional charge.
Armazenamento de bagagem está disponível na recepção sem cobrança adicional.
Video Script VocabularyChapter 4 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
If you get to the hotel before the check-in time, or if your f light is way beyond the 
checkout time, you can ask:
Could I leave my bags at the luggage storage?
Eu poderia deixar minhas malas no armazenamento de bagagem?
Is there some luggage storage I could use?
Há um armazenamento de bagagem que eu poderia usar?
Now you are aware of the most frequent and important hotel policies, and you know 
how to ask questions about them.
75
76
Vocabulary ActivitiesChapter 4 Vocabulary Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 C
an
ce
lla
tio
n
b.
 fe
e
c.
 s
m
ok
e-
fre
e 
zo
ne
d.
 c
om
m
on
 a
re
as
e.
 c
or
ka
ge
 fe
e
f. 
po
lic
y
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
4 
/ 7
 / 
8 
/ 6
 / 
3 
/ 1
 / 
9 
/ 
11
 / 
12
 / 
2 
/ 1
0 
/ 5
( ) Política de não- 
comparecimento
( ) Zonas antifumo
( ) Varanda
( ) Política antifumo
( ) Taxa
( ) Norma/Regra/Política
( ) Áreas comuns
( ) Achados e perdidos
( ) Custos de envio
( ) Aspecto cultural
( ) Taxa de rolha
( ) Política de 
cancelamento
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words according to the translation.
( 1 ) Policy
( 2 ) Cultural aspect
( 3 ) Fee
( 4 ) No-show policy
( 5 ) Cancellation policy
( 6 ) No-smoking policy
( 7 ) Smoking-free zones
( 8 ) Balcony
( 9 ) Common areas
( 10 ) Corkage fee
( 11 ) Lost and found
( 12 ) Shipping costs
a) is free of charge seven days prior to the date of arrival. 
O cancelamento é livre de cobranças sete dias antes da data de chegada.
b) The cancellation is equivalent to one night’s stay at the hotel. 
A taxa de cancelamento é equivalente à estadia de uma noite no hotel.
c) The entire hotel is a . 
O hotel inteiro é uma área antifumo.
d) It is forbidden to smoke in the rooms and . 
É proibido fumar nos quartos e nas áreas comuns.
e) Is there a ? 
Há uma taxa de rolha?
f) Violation of this will result in a US$300 fee. 
A violação desta política resultará numa taxa de 300 dólares.
Part 3.
ActivitiesVocabulary
77
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 4 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
There is a fitness center for guests only on the second floor.
Tem/Existe/Há uma academia somente para hóspedes no segundo andar. 
There’s a new restaurant near the hotel.
Tem um restaurante novo perto do hotel.
I heard it’s great.
Eu ouvi dizer que ele é ótimo.
In this chapter, we are going to talk about the modal verb must, the structure there + be, and 
the question word how. Let’s begin with there + be, which is used to express existence. 
Take a look at the example:
So, we used the structure there + be to express the idea that the building we are 
talking about has a f itness center on the second f loor. And we used there is in 
the singular form, because we are talking about just one fitness center.
Let’s see another example:
Once again, we use there is to express existence. But this time it is in the 
contracted form, so the verb to be is represented by apostrophe + S. 
Now look at this next sentence so we can compare them:
In this case, we used the verb to be in the present, “It’s great.” Even though the 
verb to be is once more being represented by the apostrophe + S, here it is 
used to talk about a feature. In other words, it has nothing to do with existence 
because we are not using there + be. 
Part 4.
Grammar
78
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 4 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
In the f irst sentence, we are talking about a swimming pool, which is singular, so we use there is. But in the 
second one, we have towels, a plural word, so we use there are.
If we want to say that something does not exist, we just add not to the there + be structure. Then we can use 
the contracted forms, which are isn’t in the singular and aren’t in the plural. Take a look:
The word there, in this context, indicates a location. We are not using the complete expression 
there + be, only the adverb there. As you can see, there is no verb to be after this word. 
We must not forget that there + be expresses existence. And we can use it to talk about 
objects, people, animals, and places, both in the singular and plural forms.
As we have already seen, when we talk about something in the singular, we are going to 
conjugate the verb accordingly: there is. When we wish to refer to existence in the plural, we 
will use there are. For example:
AFFIRMATIVE: THERE + BE
SINGULAR
There is a swimming pool available for guests at the hotel.
Existe/Tem/Há uma piscina disponível para os hóspedes no hotel.
PLURAL
There are extra towels available for guests at the pool.
Existem/Tem/Há toalhas extras disponíveis para os hóspedes na piscina. 
NEGATIVE: THERE + BE
SINGULAR
There isn’t a corkage fee at the hotel restaurant. 
Não tem/há taxa de rolha no restaurante do hotel. 
PLURAL
There aren’t package-receiving policies at this hotel.
Não tem/há políticas de recebimento de encomendas neste hotel.
Let’s go there tomorrow.
Vamos lá amanhã.
Now, check this out:
79
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 4 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
If you need to ask about the existence of something, such as specif ic 
hotel policies, you may use the interrogative form of there + be. Just 
invert the positions of be and there, following the previous rules for 
singular and plural, like this, for example:
In the f irst example, we are talking about a fee, singular, so the 
question starts with Is there. In the other one, it’s washing machines, 
plural, so we have Are there.
INTERROGATIVE: THERE + BE
SINGULAR
Is there a package-receiving fee? 
Há uma taxa de recebimento de encomenda? 
PLURAL
Are there washing machines available for guests?
Há máquinas de lavar disponíveis para os hóspedes? 
MUST (OBLIGATION)
Obrigação
Parents must accompany kids at the pool. 
Os pais devem acompanhar os f ilhos na piscina.
You must pay for your stay in advance. 
Você tem que pagar pela sua estadia antecipadamente.
Another topic we will f ind in the hotel policies is information about 
what we have to do. In this case, we are very likely to come across 
the modal verb must, which is used to talk about obligation. Let’s see 
some examples:
80
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 4 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
MUST – NEGATIVEFORM
Subject + Modal Verb Must + Not + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + Modal Verb Must + Not + Verbo Principal + Complemento 
As you can see, must follows the rules of the structure of modal 
verbs—subject followed by must, which is the modal verb, then the 
main verb, and then the complement.
However, we may also f ind some policies about things you cannot do. 
Then they are likely to use must not, or the contracted form mustn’t, 
to refer to prohibition. So, as for the structure, just add not right after 
the modal verb. It goes like this:
Mustn’t means that you are prohibited from smoking in the rooms. It is not 
simply something that is not possible, but something that is not allowed. 
For example: 
MUST (PROHIBITION)
Proibição 
You mustn’t smoke in the rooms. 
Você não pode fumar nos quartos.
Você está proibido de fumar nos quartos. 
MUST – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Subject + Modal Verb Must + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + Modal Verb Must + Verbo Principal + Complemento
Must conveys the idea that you have to do something; you have no other choice. 
The structure is as follows: 
81
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 4 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Now you know how to use the modal verb must, the structure there + be, and the 
question word how much to understand hotel policies and ask for clarification on 
some points. For more about this topic, go to the Grammar Guide section at the end 
of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE 
Modal Verb Must Page 193 w
Question Word How Page 208 w
There + Be Page 245 w
So pay attention to the difference in use: in the aff irmative form, must 
expresses an idea of obligation, but in the negative form, the idea is of 
prohibition.
If you want to know about the price of something, for instance, of some 
service or amenity fees, ask about it using How much. For example:
By asking How much you can get information on the price of things.
How much is the corkage fee?
 Quanto é a taxa de rolha?
How much is the package-receiving fee?
Quanto é a taxa de recebimento de encomenda?
< voltar para o índice
81
82
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 4 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation.
a) a package-receiving fee?
 Há/Tem/Existe uma taxa de recebimento de encomenda? 
b) extra towels available for guests at the pool. 
 Existem/Tem/Há toalhas extras disponíveis para os hóspedes na piscina.
c) a corkage fee at the hotel restaurant.
 Não tem/há/existe taxa de rolha no restaurante do hotel.
Part 5.
ActivitiesGrammar
A. Match the sentences with their function.
a) ( ) There is a new restaurant near the hotel. 
Tem um restaurante novo perto do hotel.
b) ( ) Parents must accompany kids at the pool. 
Os pais devem acompanhar os f ilhos na piscina.
c) ( ) Are there washing machines available for guests? 
Há máquinas de lavar disponíveis para os hóspedes
d) ( ) You mustn’t smoke in the rooms. 
Você não pode fumar nos quartos.
e) ( ) You must pay for your stay in advance. 
Você tem que pagar pela sua estadia antecipadamente. 
( 1 ) Existence ( 2 ) Obligation ( 3 ) Prohibition
83
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 4 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
< voltar para o índice
Notes
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 Is
 th
er
e
b.
 T
he
re
 a
re
c.
 T
he
re
 is
 n
ot
 / 
Th
er
e 
is
n’
t
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 
A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 1
 / 
b.
 2
 / 
c.
 1
 / 
d.
 3
 / 
e.
 2
d.
 m
us
t /
 h
av
e 
to
 / 
ha
ve
 g
ot
 to
e.
 m
us
t n
ot
 / 
m
us
tn
’t 
/ 
 
 c
an
no
t /
 c
an
’t 
f. 
H
ow
 m
uc
h
d) You pay for your stay in advance. 
 Você tem que pagar pela sua estadia antecipadamente. 
e) You smoke in the rooms.
 Você está proibido de fumar nos quartos. 
f) is the corkage fee?
 Quanto é a taxa de rolha? 
< voltar para o índice
83
5Hotel Staff.
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
85
< voltar para o índice
[At her room]
Carla:
I spent the morning working in my room and I’ve just realized I left the 
“Do not disturb” sign on my door handle until now. Let me call the front 
desk and check if housekeeping is still available.
[On the phone]
Yeah, hi! This is Carla in room 547; could someone come and clean my 
room? OK, great! Thanks! 
[Carla hangs up the phone]
Well, that was easy! Someone’s coming to clean the room in about 5 
minutes! Housekeeping will normally knock on your door in the morning 
to check if you need service unless you put out the “Do not disturb” sign 
on the door as I did. They are in charge of cleaning the room, changing 
the towels, bedsheets, and toiletries, when available. There’s usually a 
tip envelope in your room, but if there isn’t, you can leave it on a desk.
In fact, tipping is cultural in the U.S. and you’re supposed to tip in 
several situations. You’re expected to tip the bellhop, who helps with 
your luggage, for example. And at hotel restaurants, the staff is usually 
composed of waiters, cooks, and a chef. They are in charge of the food 
served at the hotel. You can turn to the waiters if you need room service 
or help with any dietary restriction. You’re supposed to leave a tip at the 
restaurant or tip the waiter who takes food to your room. 
HOTEL STAFF
At the hotel, if you need any help or need to get a service done, you will have 
to talk to the people who work there: the hotel staff. They are the ones you will 
talk to in case you need housekeeping or some help f inding tickets for a concert. 
In this chapter, we will show you how to do it, and you will also learn some 
language items that will help you improve your English skills.
Now, look at the script of Hotel Staff.
Part 1.
Video Script
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
86
< voltar para o índice
But if you’re not sure about who could help you with other requests 
during your stay, the answer is the lobby front desk! These are the 
people who will assist you during check-in and checkout. But they 
can also help you if you need information or have a request. Even if 
they cannot help directly, they will certainly be able to tell you how to 
proceed. 
And there’s also the concierge, whose job is to make sure you have 
everything you need during your stay, from transportation to the 
airport, to tickets to concerts and matches, or reservations at the f inest 
restaurants in town. Anything you need, just let the hotel concierge 
know. So, guys, I think I’m going to head down to the concierge and get 
some tickets for the amusement park!
[The room phone rings; Carla picks it up]
Lee (concierge):
Ms. Sanchez? I have wonderful news for you!
Carla:
Really?
Lee (concierge):
Yes! We were able to f ind you tickets for the amusement park!
Carla:
Oh, that’s awesome!
Lee (concierge):
Yeah! If you would like, I think Friday is the best day that...
Carla:
That’s great, because Friday is my day off work!
Lee (concierge):
Well, great! If you’d like, you can pick up the tickets tomorrow morning 
or at your earliest convenience!
Carla:
Thank you so much, Lee!
Lee (concierge):
You’re welcome!
Carla:
You’re the best! 
Lee (concierge):
Thanks!
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
87
< voltar para o índice
EQUIPE DO HOTEL
[Em seu quarto de hotel]
Carla:
Eu passei a manhã trabalhando no meu quarto, e acabei de perceber 
que deixei o aviso de “Não perturbe” na maçaneta até agora. Vou ligar 
para recepção para verif icar se a camareira ainda está disponível.
[Ao telefone]
Oi! Aqui é a Carla do quarto 547, seria possível alguém vir limpar meu 
quarto? OK, ótimo! Obrigada! 
[Carla desliga o telefone]
Nossa, que fácil! Alguém está vindo limpar meu quarto em mais ou 
menos cinco minutos! A camareira geralmente vai bater à sua porta de 
manhã, para checar se você precisa de algum serviço, a não ser que 
você pendure o aviso de “Nãoperturbe” na porta, como eu f iz. Elas são 
encarregadas de limpar o quarto, trocar as toalhas, lençóis e produtos de 
higiene pessoal quando disponíveis. Normalmente há um envelope para 
gorjeta no seu quarto, mas caso não haja, você pode deixá-la em uma 
mesa. 
Aliás, dar gorjeta é algo cultural nos EUA, e você deve fazer isso em 
várias situações. Você deve dar gorjeta para o carregador, que te ajudou 
com a bagagem, por exemplo. E, nos restaurantes do hotel, a equipe é 
normalmente composta por garçons, cozinheiros e um chef. Eles são 
encarregados da comida servida no hotel. Você sempre pode falar com 
os garçons, caso precise de serviço de quarto ou de ajuda com alguma 
restrição alimentar. Você deve deixar uma gorjeta no restaurante, ou 
para o garçom que levar a comida até o seu quarto. 
Mas caso você não saiba a quem recorrer com relação a outras 
solicitações durante sua estadia, a resposta é a recepção! Eles são as 
pessoas que podem te ajudar durante o check-in e o checkout. Mas 
eles também podem ajudar caso você precise de informações ou tenha 
algum pedido a fazer. Mesmo que eles não possam ajudar diretamente, 
com certeza vão saber te dizer como prosseguir. 
Também temos o concierge, cuja função é garantir que você tenha tudo 
de que precisa durante sua estadia, desde transporte ao aeroporto até 
ingressos para shows e jogos, ou reservas nos melhores restaurantes 
da cidade. Qualquer coisa que você precisar, é só avisar ao concierge. 
Então, pessoal, acho que vou descer até o concierge e conseguir alguns 
ingressos para o parque de diversões!
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
88
< voltar para o índice
[O telefone do quarto toca e Carla o atende]
Lee (concierge):
Sra. Sanchez? Tenho ótimas notícias!
Carla:
É mesmo?
Lee (concierge):
Sim! Conseguimos as entradas do parque de diversões para a senhora!
Carla:
Ah, que ótimo!
Lee (concierge):
Sim! Se a senhora quiser, acho que sexta-feira é o melhor dia...
Carla:
Que ótimo, porque sexta-feira é meu dia de folga!
Lee (concierge):
Olha, que bom! Caso a senhora queira, pode pegá-los amanhã de 
manhã ou assim que preferir!
Carla:
Muito obrigada, Lee!
Lee (concierge):
De nada!
Carla:
Você é o cara! 
Lee (concierge):
Obrigado!
88
< voltar para o índice
Video Script VocabularyChapter 5 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
89
< voltar para o índice
The staff in each hotel may vary a little bit according to the hotel rating because there might 
be different services available. Some cultural aspects should also be considered. One of them 
is the tip, which is a behavior expected from hotel guests in the U.S. This is so much part of 
American culture that they even have a verb to refer to it: to tip. 
Let’s check some sentences out concerning this cultural aspect:
In the U.S., you are expected to leave a tip to the housekeeper. 
Nos Estados Unidos, é esperado que você deixe uma gorjeta para o(a) camareiro(a).
In the U.S., you are expected to give a tip to the housekeeper. 
Nos Estados Unidos, é esperado que você dê uma gorjeta para o(a) camareiro(a).
In the U.S., you are expected to tip the housekeeper.
Nos Estados Unidos, é esperado que você dê uma gorjeta para o(a) camareiro(a).
In the U.S., you are supposed to tip the housekeeper.
Nos Estados Unidos, é esperado que você dê uma gorjeta para o(a) camareiro(a).
How much are you supposed to tip the housekeeper?
Quanto é esperado que você dê de gorjeta para a camareira?
But what everybody really wants to know, especially foreigners, is:
When we talk about things that are expected from us, we can either use the structure be 
expected to or be supposed to. They both mean the same thing. So, instead of saying 
You are expected to tip the housekeeper, you could also say:
Vocabulary
Part 2.
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
90
< voltar para o índice
Could you please come back a little later?
Você poderia voltar um pouco mais tarde?
I don’t need maintenance today. Thank you.
Eu não preciso de arrumação hoje. Obrigado(a).
It is customary to leave from 2 to 5 dollars per night. Since there might be different 
housekeepers cleaning your room, it would be best to leave a tip every day instead of 
just leaving it all by the end of your stay. 
Many hotels have a tip envelope in the rooms. In case you can’t f ind it, just leave the 
tip on a desk or on the bedside table. And if you want to make it clear, you can write 
a note saying, “Housekeeper tip” or simply “Housekeeping” and leave it together 
with the sum. 
You can also write notes with specif ic requests to the housekeeper, such as:
If you leave a Do Not Disturb sign on your door, housekeeping won’t 
go to your room. But if you don’t, they will knock and announce their 
presence by saying, “maintenance” or “housekeeping.”
If the housekeeper knocks on your door but you are not ready to leave 
yet, or maybe you just don’t want them to come in that day, you can 
ask them to come back later by saying something like:
In case you don’t need maintenance, the housekeeper may ask if you 
need to replace something. For example:
Do you need toiletries?
Você precisa de produtos de toalete / higiene pessoal?
Would you like some clean towels?
Você gostaria de algumas toalhas limpas?
Could you please change the bedsheets?
Você poderia trocar a roupa de cama?
Could you please leave an extra pillow?
Você poderia deixar um travesseiro a mais?
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
91
< voltar para o índice
If you just need an extra item or need them to replace something, you can say:
In any of these cases, you will need to talk to the front desk staff. They are the ones 
who can help you the most when it comes to hotel services. For example, if you 
need laundry service, you can call them and ask one of the following questions:
Could someone come up to clean my room?
Alguém poderia vir aqui em cima limpar o meu quarto?
Could someone bring me an extra blanket, please?
Alguém poderia me trazer mais um cobertor, por favor?
Could you send me someone up to replace the toilet paper, please?
Você poderia mandar alguém aqui para repor o papel higiênico, por favor?
If you want the housekeeper to return later, you just need to call the 
front desk and ask for the service whenever you are ready for it. 
You can call and say:
Can you please send someone to pick up my laundry?
Você pode mandar alguém vir pegar as minhas roupas para lavar, por favor?
How much does the laundry service cost per piece?
Quanto custa o serviço de lavanderia por peça?
How long does it take for the laundry to be done? 
Quanto tempo leva até que a roupa seja lavada?
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
92
< voltar para o índice
The front desk will be able to inform you of every possible service in the hotel, as well as its prices. But if 
you want something from outside the hotel, such as a ticket to a concert or a play, or sports games, or even 
reservation at a restaurant, then you should look for the concierge. 
You can ask one of these questions:
Could I have tickets to the theater on Friday?
Eu poderia conseguir ingressos para o teatro na sexta?
Could you make me a reservation at a French bistro for tomorrow?
Você poderia fazer uma reserva num bistrô francês para amanhã?
Could you get me tickets to the baseball game next weekend?
Você poderia conseguir ingressos para o jogo de beisebol no f im de semana que vem?
Other than going to bars, restaurants, theaters, games, and museums, when we travel, we 
also like to go for a little shopping. In such cases, the bellhop (or bellboy) will probably offer you 
some help when they see you arriving with shopping bags. The same happens when you are in 
the lobby carrying too many bags. Take a look at some of the things they may say:
And don’t forget to tip them in case you use their services. Remember:
You are supposedto tip the bellhop when he/she helps you.
É esperado que você dê gorjeta ao carregador quando ele/ela te ajuda.
Do you need help with your shopping bags?
Você precisa de ajuda com as sacolas de compras?
May I help you with your luggage?
Can I help you with your luggage?
Posso te ajudar com a sua bagagem?
Now you know how to ask the hotel staff for help and the cultural aspects related to that. 
92
< voltar para o índice
Vocabulary ActivitiesChapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
93
< voltar para o índice
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
5 
/ 6
 / 
10
 / 
3 
/ 8
 / 
7 
/ 9
 / 
11
 / 
1 
/ 4
 / 
12
 / 
2
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 ti
p
b.
 h
ou
se
ke
ep
er
c.
 b
el
lh
op
/b
el
lb
oy
d.
 b
la
nk
et
e.
 b
ed
sh
ee
ts
f. 
la
un
dr
y 
se
rv
ic
e
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words, according to the translation.
( 1 ) Hotel staff
( 2 ) Blanket
( 3 ) Housekeeper
( 4 ) Housekeeping
( 5 ) Bedsheets
( 6 ) Toiletries
( 7 ) Pillow
( 8 ) Bellhop/Bellboy
( 9 ) Tip
( 10 ) Front desk staff
( 11 ) Laundry service
( 12 ) Shopping bags
( ) Roupa de cama
( ) Produtos de higiene 
( ) Equipe da recepção
( ) Camareiro(a)
( ) Carregador 
( ) Travesseiro
( ) Gorjeta
( ) Serviço de lavanderia
( ) Funcionários do hotel
( ) Serviço de arrumação 
de quarto
( ) Sacolas de compras
( ) Cobertor
a) In the U.S., you are expected to leave a to the 
housekeeper. 
Nos Estados Unidos, é esperado que você deixe uma gorjeta para o(a)
camareiro(a).
b) In the U.S., you are expected to tip the . 
Nos Estados Unidos, é esperado que você dê uma gorjeta para o(a) 
camareiro(a).
c) You are supposed to tip the when he helps you. 
É esperado que você dê gorjeta ao carregador quando ele te ajuda.
d) Could someone bring me an extra , please? 
Alguém poderia me trazer mais um cobertor, por favor?
e) Could you please change the ? 
Você poderia trocar a roupa de cama?
f) How much does the cost per piece? 
Quanto custa o serviço de lavanderia por peça?
Part 3.
ActivitiesVocabulary
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
94
< voltar para o índice
In the U.S., you’re supposed to tip the housekeeper.
Nos Estados Unidos, é esperado que você dê uma gorjeta para o(a) camareiro(a). 
In this chapter, we will talk about the structure be supposed to and the modal verbs can, could, 
and would.
You have seen how important cultural aspects are when we are in a different country, since 
the local culture will determine some of the attitudes and behavior expected from us. Here is an 
example of an important cultural aspect in the U.S.:
Subject + Verb To Be + Supposed To + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + Verbo To Be + Supposed To + Verbo Principal + Complemento
You are supposed to check out at 11 a.m. 
É esperado que você faça o checkout às 11h da manhã.
(Você deve fazer o checkout às 11h da manhã.)
There’s the subject, then the verb to be commonly in the present form, followed by 
supposed to, the main verb, and a complement. Let’s see an example:
Be supposed to is a very frequent expression in English. It is used to convey what is 
expected from us. Let’s take a look at the structure:
Here, we are talking about a hotel policy, meaning that guests are expected to 
follow this rule. Note that the verb to be is used in the simple present, and the 
main verb is in its base form.
BE + SUPPOSED TO – AFFIRMATIVE
Part 4.
Grammar
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
95
< voltar para o índice
No. And they are not (aren’t) supposed to take the pool towels to the room.
Não. E não é esperado deles que levem as toalhas da piscina para o quarto.
Não. E eles não devem levar as toalhas da piscina para o quarto.
Now look at this next one:
Are guests supposed to bring their towels to the pool?
É esperado que os hóspedes levem suas toalhas para a piscina? 
Os hóspedes devem levar suas toalhas para a piscina?
Notice that all we did was to invert the position of the verb to be, are, and the subject, guests.
Now look at how we can answer this question in the negative form:
As you can see, we just included not after the verb to be. It can be 
used either in the complete or in the contracted forms. 
BE + SUPPOSED TO – INTERROGATIVE FORM
BE + SUPPOSED TO – NEGATIVE FORM
The housekeeper is supposed to make the beds. 
É esperado que o(a) camareiro(a) arrume as camas. 
(O(A) camareiro(a) deve arrumar as camas.)
In this case, the housekeeper is the subject (he or she in this context). Therefore, 
we say is supposed to. That means the housekeeper is expected to do that because 
it is part of his or her duties at the hotel.
Now, if we want to use the interrogative or negative forms, we just have to follow 
the same sentence structure used with the verb to be. That is, we invert the subject 
with the verb to be. Have a look at an example:
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
96
< voltar para o índice
Here, we are talking about a desire, something that I hope you will achieve or 
feel. It is another idea of expectation; it is no longer something that is expected 
from you, but something that I wish will happen to you.
To express this idea, as you have seen, we do not use the structure be supposed 
to. In this case, we use the verb hope in the simple present.
Let’s see another example.
Here again there is the idea of a positive expectation for the future.
Speaking of expectations, when we want to express the idea of 
staying somewhere until somebody or something arrives, like a bus, 
for example, then we will use yet another verb. It is the verb wait. 
Check it out: 
In this case, we are indicating that we are somewhere, probably at a 
bus stop or a bus station, and we will stay there until the bus arrives.
When we use the expression be supposed to, it means that something is 
expected or intended to happen. On the other hand, when we talk about our 
own feelings of expectations and desire for something to happen, we use the 
verb hope. For example:
I hope you enjoy your stay at the hotel.
Eu espero que você goste da sua estadia no hotel.
VERB TO HOPE
Verbo esperar (ter esperança)
We always hope for the best.
Nós sempre esperamos pelo melhor. 
I’m waiting for the bus. 
Eu estou esperando o ônibus.
VERB TO WAIT
Verbo esperar/aguardar
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
97
< voltar para o índice
As much as we do our research before traveling abroad, we might still have some 
questions or maybe need someone’s help when we get there. 
We have already seen how to make requests using the modal verbs can and could. 
Let’s review the structure used with them:
So we use the modal verb, then the subject, followed by the main verb in its base 
form, and then the complement.
Let’s see some examples:
Now instead of something – a bus –, I am indicating that I am standing 
by somewhere until someone arrives.
Let’s sum up the situations we have just seen. Take a look:
Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Complement
Modal Verb + Sujeito + Verbo Principal + Complemento
Be Supposed To
Expressão usada para falar sobre as 
expectativas dos outros em relação a alguém
I’m waiting for you. 
Eu estou esperando/aguardando você.
Can you help me operate this vending machine, please? 
Você pode me ajudar a mexer nesta máquina de vendas automática, por favor? 
Could you help me operate this vending machine, please? 
Você poderia me ajudar a mexer nesta máquina de vendas automática, por favor? 
Verb to Hope
Esperar no sentido 
de ter esperança
Verb to Wait
Esperar no sentido 
de aguardar
MODAL VERBS – INTERROGATIVE FORM
Take a look at this next example:
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
98
< voltarpara o índice
Subject + Can + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + Can + Verbo Principal + Complemento
CAN – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Here the meaning is that it is possible for her to clean the room in a few minutes.
But we can also use it to emphasize the idea of permission. Look:
Using can and could in the interrogative form adds an idea of possibility to the 
main verb, as if we were saying: Is it possible for you to help me?
And the only difference between can and could in this case is the level of formality. 
Could is more formal than can.
In the affirmative form, can follows the general structure of the modal verbs, which 
is the following:
The idea now is that the subject – the housekeeper – is allowed to clean the room.
Now check out possible meanings we can get by using this 
structure. The f irst one is possibility: 
The housekeeper can clean your room in a few minutes.
A camareira pode (tem a possibilidade de) limpar o seu 
quarto em alguns minutos.
The housekeeper can clean your room in a few minutes.
A camareira pode (tem permissão para) limpar o seu quarto em alguns minutos.
POSSIBILITY
Possibilidade 
PERMISSION
Permissão 
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
99
< voltar para o índice
Depending on the context, we may also emphasize the idea of ability. Check it out:
The housekeeper can clean your room in a few minutes. 
A camareira pode (consegue) limpar o seu quarto em alguns minutos.
ABILITY
Habilidade
Now we are indicating that the person is able to clean the room in a few minutes.
So, the modal verb can expresses the idea of possibility, ability, or even 
permission to do something. And to understand which function is being 
highlighted, we will have to analyze the context.
The same thing happens with could in the affirmative form: its meaning will 
depend on the context as well. Since could is a modal verb, the sentence 
structure is the same as the one used for can: 
We are talking about possibility here. We are saying that there is a remote 
or weak possibility that the handyman would be able to f ix the AC.
So, let’s see some examples with could and analyze the ideas it can convey:
Subject + Could + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + Could + Verbo Principal + Complemento
COULD – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
The handyman could fix the broken AC. 
O funcionário da manutenção poderia consertar o 
ar-condicionado quebrado. 
POSSIBILITY
Possibilidade 
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
100
< voltar para o índice
The idea here is that the handyman was able to do the job. He managed to f ix the AC sometime in the past.
And you can express those same ideas using the negative forms of can and could. Since they are modal 
verbs, all we have to do is put not after the modal verb:
Now let’s see some examples and analyze their ideas: 
Note that can’t, which is more usual in the spoken language, is the contracted form of cannot. 
And by saying this, we indicate that he or she cannot or does not have permission or the 
possibility, or even that he or she has no ability to perform that action.
The housekeeper cannot (can’t) clean your room now. 
O camareiro não consegue, não tem permissão ou não
 tem possibilidade de limpar o quarto. 
LACK OF ABILITY / PERMISSION / POSSIBILITY
Ausência de habilidade / permissão / possibilidade
The handyman could fix the broken AC.
O funcionário da manutenção pôde (conseguiu) consertar o 
ar-condicionado quebrado.
ABILITY IN THE PAST
Habilidade no passado 
Subject + Can + Not + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + Can + Not + Verbo Principal + Complemento
Subject + Could+ Not + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + Could + Not + Verbo Principal + Complemento 
CAN – NEGATIVE FORM
COULD – NEGATIVE FORM
But depending on the context, could can express the idea of ability in the 
past. We may say that could works like the past of can, but only when we are 
referring to the idea of ability. Take a look at the example:
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
101
< voltar para o índice
Now look at what happens when we use could in the negative form:
Here we can understand that he didn’t have the ability to f ix the AC or that he had no chance 
to do it. Note that we used couldn’t, the contraction of could not, which is more frequently used 
in the spoken language.
There is still another modal verb used to make requests. It is the modal verb may, 
which also follows the same structure as the other modal verbs. Check it out:
May is used to ask for and give permission. But it can only be used to ask 
permission for ourselves. That means that we can only use may in the interrogative 
form with the subject pronouns I and we, that is, the first person singular or plural. 
The handyman could not (couldn’t) fix the broken AC.
Ele não teve a habilidade para ou foi impossibilitado de consertar o ar.
LACK OF ABILITY IN THE PAST OR LACK OF POSSIBILITY
Ausência de habilidade no passado ou ausência de possibilidade
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Forma Afirmativa
Subject + May + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + May + Verbo Principal + Complemento
NEGATIVE FORM
Forma Negativa
Subject + May + Not + Main Verb + Complement
Sujeito + May + Verbo Principal + Complemento
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Forma Interrogativa
May + Subject + Main Verb + Complement
May + Sujeito + Verbo Principal + Complemento
MAY
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
102
< voltar para o índice
We can ask for permission using may, can, or could, 
but among them, may is the one that sounds more 
formal. For example:
May I take your luggage?
Eu posso levar a sua bagagem? 
May I take your luggage?
Eu posso levar a sua bagagem? 
Yes, you may take my luggage.
Sim, você pode / tem permissão para levar minha bagagem.
No, you may not take my luggage.
Não, você não pode / não tem permissão para levar minha bagagem.
In that question, they are asking permission to pick up your luggage. And they chose 
to use may to sound more formal and to emphasize the meaning of permission. 
This is a typical question you would hear from a bellhop at the hotel, for example. 
We could answer this question using the affirmative form to give permission, or the 
negative form to deny permission. Let’s take a look:
Note that while using may in the interrogative form, we can only 
use I or we to ask for permission; but to grant or deny permission, 
though, we are going to use you. As you can see, it is not possible 
to contract may + not in the negative form. 
PERMISSION
Permissão
PERMISSION
Permissão
Chapter 5 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
103
< voltar para o índice
Here, may is not expressing permission. We are actually wondering if the concierge 
is likely to get tickets or not. Now let’s see an example in the negative form: 
Once again, this sentence is not related to permission. We are talking about the 
likelihood of getting an upgrade, which in this case, is small. 
Depending on the context, may can convey an idea of probability. Check it out:
So, in this chapter you’ve learned how to use the structure be supposed to, the verbs 
hope and wait, as well as the modal verbs can, could, and may. For more details about 
these topics, go to the Grammar Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE 
Be Supposed To Page 169 w
Modal Verb Can Page 184 w
Modal Verb Could Page 187 w
Modal Verb May Page 190 w
The concierge may get us some tickets for the game.
O concierge pode conseguir para nós alguns ingressos para o jogo.
Pode ser que o concierge consiga para nós alguns ingressos para o jogo.
Talvez o concierge consiga para nós alguns ingressos para o jogo.
The receptionist may not grant us an upgrade.
A recepcionista pode não nos conceder um upgrade. 
Talvez a recepcionista não nos conceda um upgrade. 
Pode ser que a recepcionista não nos conceda um upgrade. 
MAY – AFFIRMATIVEFORM
Probability / Probabilidade
MAY – NEGATIVE FORM
Probability / Probabilidade
< voltar para o índice
103
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 5 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
104
< voltar para o índice
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words according to the translation.
a) you please send someone to pick up my laundry? 
 Você pode mandar alguém vir pegar as minhas roupas para lavar, por favor?
b) I help you with your luggage? 
 Posso te ajudar com a sua bagagem?
Part 5.
ActivitiesGrammar
A. Mark the alternative that best explains the functions used in the sentences.
a) The housekeeper can’t clean your room now. 
 O camareiro não consegue limpar o quarto agora. 
( 1 ) lack of possibility
( 2 ) probability
b) The handyman could fix the broken AC. 
 O funcionário da manutenção conseguiu consertar o ar-
condicionado quebrado. 
( 1 ) asking for permission
( 2 ) ability in the past
c) The housekeeper can clean your room in a few minutes.
 O camareiro pode limpar o seu quarto em alguns minutos.
( 1 ) probability
( 2 ) permission
d) Could you help me operate this vending machine, please?
 Você poderia me ajudar a mexer nesta máquina de vendas 
automática, por favor?
( 1 ) possibility
( 2 ) permission
e) The concierge may get us some tickets for the game.
 O concierge pode conseguir para nós alguns ingressos para 
o jogo.
( 1 ) probability 
( 2 ) ability
f) May I take your luggage?
 Eu posso levar a sua bagagem? 
( 1 ) possibility
( 2 ) permission
105
Chapter 5 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Notes
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 C
an
/C
ou
ld
b.
 M
ay
/C
an
c.
 c
ou
ld
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 1
 / 
b.
 2
 / 
c.
 2
 /
d.
 1
 / 
e.
 1
 / 
f. 
2
d.
 c
an
no
t/c
an
’t
e.
 a
re
 s
up
po
se
d 
to
f. 
m
ay
 n
ot
c) The handyman fix the broken AC.
 O funcionário da manutenção conseguiu consertar o ar-condicionado quebrado.
d) The housekeeper clean your room now.
 A camareira não tem permissão de limpar seu quarto agora.
e) You tip the bellhop when he helps you. 
 É esperado que você dê gorjeta ao carregador quando ele te ajuda.
f) The receptionist grant us an upgrade.
 A recepcionista pode não nos conceder um upgrade.
< voltar para o índice
105
6Room Service.
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
107
< voltar para o índice
[On the phone]
Carla:
Room service? Great. I would like to order a cheese omelet and a 
cranberry juice. Yeah, room 547. Great, thank you!
[Carla hangs up the phone]
Carla:
After a long day at work, all you want to do is get to your hotel room, 
order room service, and relax. In less expensive hotels in the U.S., 
room service is not typically offered. But you can order from outside 
restaurants. In fact, some of these hotels even have restaurant-delivery 
brochures to offer the guests. So, no matter where you stay, there’ll 
always be some food-delivery options available.
[Someone knocks on her door]
Waiter:
Room service!
Carla:
Come on in! You can just put it on the bed over here. Right here is good. 
Oh, tip! Of course! I keep forgetting! Here you go! Don’t spend it all at 
once!
Waiter:
Thank you, have a wonderful day.
ROOM SERVICE
What if you are in your room and decide to have your breakfast there? Or what 
would you do if you realized the TV or the air-conditioner is not working? Well, 
in these cases, as well as in many others, you can ask for room service. In this 
chapter, we will show you how to do that, and you will also learn language items 
that will help you improve your English.
Now look at the script of Room Service.
Part 1.
Video Script
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
108
< voltar para o índice
Carla:
You too. Take care!
[Waiter leaves the room]
Carla:
OK, guys! Here are a few tips about room service. So normally they’ve 
got a menu with a few different options. It might have an all-day option 
where you can order anything you want, anytime. Or they might just 
have breakfast, lunch, and dinner options. I ordered a nice little healthy 
snack for myself, but before I dig into this meal, here’s another tip for 
you. 
There will probably be an exclusive line at the hotel if you want to order 
room service. But in case you can’t f ind the number, remember that the 
front desk is your best friend. Any kind of request you might have, the 
front desk staff will certainly know how to help you. 
And I’m not only talking about room service or food delivery. If 
something in your room is not functioning properly, you can turn to the 
front desk as well. Yes, there might be an exclusive line for maintenance, 
but you don’t have to learn all the line numbers. And if they’re not at 
hand, just call the front desk and they will take care of it for you. Let’s 
say the AC in your room is not working properly, or you have a clogged 
toilet: just call the front desk, report the problem, and ask them to send 
someone to help you. You can say, “Would it be possible for someone to 
come up and take a look at the AC?” Or “Could you send someone over 
to take a look at the toilet?”
SERVIÇO DE QUARTO
[Ao telefone]
Carla:
Serviço de quarto? Ótimo. Eu gostaria de pedir um omelete de queijo e 
um suco de cranberry. Sim, quarto 547. Ótimo, obrigada!
[Carla desliga o telefone]
Carla:
Após um longo dia de trabalho, tudo o que você quer fazer é chegar 
no seu quarto de hotel, pedir serviço de quarto e relaxar. Nos EUA, os 
hotéis mais baratos geralmente não oferecem serviço de quarto. 
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
109
< voltar para o índice
Mas você pode pedir comida de outros restaurantes. Aliás, alguns hotéis 
oferecem para seus hóspedes panfletos de restaurantes que fazem 
entrega. Logo, não importa onde você estiver, sempre haverá alguma 
opção de restaurante com serviço de entrega.
[Alguém bate na porta do quarto de Carla]
Garçom:
Serviço de quarto!
Carla:
Entre! Você pode colocar isso ali na cama. Aí está bom. Ah, a gorjeta! É 
claro! Eu vivo esquecendo! Aqui está! Não gaste tudo de uma só vez!
Garçom:
Muito obrigado, tenha um ótimo dia.
Carla:
Você também. Cuide-se!
[Garçom sai do quarto]
Carla:
OK, pessoal! Aqui vão algumas dicas sobre o serviço de quarto. 
Geralmente tem um cardápio com algumas opções. Talvez tenha 
uma opção para o dia todo, na qual você pode pedir qualquer coisa a 
qualquer hora. Ou talvez haja opções de café da manhã, almoço e jantar. 
Eu pedi um lanche saudável, mas antes de eu comer minha refeição, 
aqui vai outra dica. 
Provavelmente o hotel terá uma linha exclusiva caso você queira 
pedir serviço de quarto. Mas caso você não consiga achar o número, 
lembre-se que a recepção é sua melhor amiga. Qualquer tipo de 
pedido que você queira fazer, a equipe da recepção certamente 
saberá como te ajudar. 
E não estou falando só de serviço de quarto e entrega de comida; se 
algo não está funcionando corretamente no seu quarto, você pode falar 
com a recepção também. Sim, talvez haja uma linha exclusiva para 
manutenção, mas você não precisa saber todos os números. E se eles 
não estiverem disponíveis, é só ligar para recepção, e eles vão dar conta 
do recado. Digamos que seu ar-condicionado não esteja funcionando 
corretamente, ou o vaso sanitário entupiu: ligue para recepção, relate 
o problema, e peça para que mandem alguém para te ajudar. Você 
pode falar “Seria possível mandar alguém para dar uma olhada no ar-
condicionado?” ou “Você poderia mandar alguém para dar uma olhada 
no vaso sanitário?”
Video Script VocabularyChapter 6 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
110
< voltar para o índice
When room service is offered, you will f ind a menu in your room with the available options. 
They are usually organized like this:
MENU OPTIONS
Room service. How may I help you?
Serviço de quarto. Como posso ajudá-lo?
Goodmorning. I’d like to place 
an order for breakfast, please.
Bom-dia. Eu gostaria de fazer um pedido 
de café da manhã, por favor.
Hi. I’d like to order a turkey 
sandwich. It’s room 302.
Oi. Eu gostaria de pedir um sanduíche 
de peru. É o quarto 302.
Room service. What can I do for you?
Serviço de quarto. O que posso fazer 
por você?
Good morning. I’d like to order 
breakfast, please.
Bom-dia. Eu gostaria pedir o 
café da manhã, por favor.
Good afternoon. I’d like to order a 
Greek salad to room 208.
Boa-tarde. Eu gostaria de pedir uma 
salada grega para o quarto 208.
After choosing what you want, you just have to call and order. When you call, you may hear 
something like:
And then you will say you want to place an order or simply order something. Let’s look at some 
possibilities. You could say, for example:
All-day menu options
Cardápio servido durante todo o dia
Breakfast menu
Cardápio do café da manhã
Lunch menu
Cardápio do almoço
Dinner menu
Cardápio do jantar
Vocabulary
Part 2.
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
111
< voltar para o índice
We only use the verb to order when we want something that needs to be prepared or 
processed in some way, like food at a restaurant or an online product, for example. If you are 
requesting something more general, you should use the verb to ask.
Let’s see some examples:
Notice that we used order for the food and ask to make a general 
request. And the clerk may answer:
When we request mayo on the side, it means the mayo won’t be on the food; it 
will come separately. To say that, you use on the side, or you could use a side of 
referring to a side dish. For example:
Clerk: Room service. How may I help you?
 Serviço de quarto. Como posso ajudar?
Guest: Hi, I’d like to order a chicken salad and an orange juice to room 409. 
 But can I ask you to send the mayo on the side, please?
 Oi, eu gostaria de pedir uma salada de frango e um suco de laranja para 
 o quarto 409. Mas posso te pedir para mandar a maionese à parte, por favor?
Clerk: Sure. We’ll be right there with your order.
 Claro. Em breve estaremos aí com o seu pedido.
Mayo on the side, please.
Maionese à parte, por favor.
Can you send a side of sauce, please?
Você pode mandar uma porção de 
molho, por favor?
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
112
< voltar para o índice
After placing your order, just wait for it to be delivered to your room. When the 
time comes, you will open the door, and the waiter may say:
To which you can answer:
And f inally, they will ask you to sign the receipt. It will be like this:
The housekeeper and the waiter aren’t the only staff members who may come 
to your room. You might have to call the front desk to ask for a handyman if you 
need anything f ixed in your room.
Where would you like me to put your order?
Onde você gostaria que eu colocasse o seu pedido?
You can put it on the table / on the desk / on the bed.
Você pode botar na mesa / na escrivaninha / na cama.
Can you sign here, please?
Você pode assinar aqui, por favor?
I’ll have the pepperoni pizza without onions, please.
Eu quero a pizza de pepperoni sem cebola, por favor.
I’ll have an orange juice without ice, please.
Eu quero um suco de laranja sem gelo, por favor.
You can ask for changes in your dish whenever possible. If you want an ingredient to 
be added or removed, you can use with or without. Check it out:
I’ll have a burger with extra bacon, please. 
Eu vou querer um hambúrguer com mais bacon, por favor.
I’ll have the pea soup with bread, please.
Eu quero a sopa de ervilha acompanhada de pão, por favor.
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
113
< voltar para o índice
Let’s check out some situations in which you might need to ask for maintenance. Look:
The TV won’t turn on. Can someone come here and take a look?
A televisão não liga. Alguém pode vir aqui e dar uma olhada?
The AC is not working properly. Can someone come here to help me?
O ar-condicionado não está funcionando direito. Alguém pode vir aqui me ajudar?
The toilet is clogged. Could you send someone to fix it?
O vaso sanitário está entupido. Você poderia enviar alguém para consertar?
The bathroom door is jammed. Could someone come up here to fix it?
A porta do banheiro está emperrada. Alguém poderia vir aqui em cima consertar?
No matter what problem you might have, the clerk will probably 
say something like:
I’ll send a handyman to your room.
Vou mandar um funcionário da manutenção ao seu quarto.
Maintenance will be there right away.
A manutenção estará logo aí.
Now you know how to ask for room service, how to report a problem in the room that needs 
maintenance, and how to interact with the hotel staff. 
113
< voltar para o índice
Vocabulary ActivitiesChapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
114
< voltar para o índice
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
4 
/ 6
 / 
9 
/ 7
 / 
12
 / 
10
 / 
5 
/ 
2 
/ 8
 / 
1 
/ 3
 / 
11
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 ro
om
 s
er
vi
ce
b.
 o
rd
er
 / 
pl
ac
e 
an
 o
rd
er
c.
 a
sk
d.
 s
id
e 
of
 s
au
ce
e.
 w
ith
f. 
ha
nd
ym
an
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words according to the translation.
( 1 ) Room service
( 2 ) All-day menu 
options
( 3 ) Place an order / 
Order
( 4 ) Waiter
( 5 ) Handyman
( 6 ) Maintenance
( 7 ) Clogged toilet
( 8 ) Jammed door
( 9 ) AC 
( 10 ) Breakfast menu
( 11 ) Mayo on the side
( 12 ) A side of sauce
( ) Garçom
( ) Manutenção 
( ) Ar-condicionado
( ) Vaso sanitário 
entupido
( ) Porção de molho
( ) Cardápio do café da 
manhã
( ) Funcionário da 
manutenção
( ) Cardápio servido 
durante todo o dia
( ) Porta emperrada
( ) Serviço de quarto
( ) Fazer um pedido
( ) Maionese à parte
a) How may I help you? 
Serviço de quarto. Como posso ajudá-lo?
b) Good morning. I’d like to for breakfast, please. 
Bom-dia. Eu gostaria de fazer um pedido de café da manhã, por favor.
c) Can I you to send the mayo on the side, please? 
Posso te pedir para mandar a maionese à parte, por favor?
d) Can you send a , please? 
Você pode mandar uma porção de molho, por favor?
e) I’ll have a burger extra bacon, please. 
Eu vou querer um hambúrguer com mais bacon, por favor.
f) I’ll send a to your room. 
Vou mandar um funcionário da manutenção ao seu quarto.
Part 3.
ActivitiesVocabulary
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
115
< voltar para o índice
In this chapter, we will talk about future events using will. We are also going to study the 
modal verb would, as well as cardinal and ordinal numbers.
A very common, natural way to refer to the future in English is by using will. Check the 
structure in the aff irmative form:
For example:
We is the subject, followed by will, and then order, which is the 
main verb, and the complement: room service tonight. And we 
can use the contracted form, we’ll, which sounds more natural in 
spoken language, especially when the subject is a pronoun, such 
as we.
It is important to highlight that the verb is conjugated the same 
way for all subjects, so we will have I’ll order, you’ll order, he’ll 
order, she’ll order, we’ll order, and they’ll order. 
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Subject + Will + Main Verb (Base Form) + Complement 
Sujeito + Will + Verbo Principal (Forma Base) + Complemento
WILL
Future events / Eventos futuros
We will / We’ll order room service tonight. 
Nós vamos pedir serviço de quarto esta noite.
WILL – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Part 4.
Grammar
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
116
< voltar para o índice
Maintenance will be there right away. 
A manutenção estará logo aí.
WILL – AFFIRMATIVEFORM
Let’s have a look at another example:
Subject + Will + Not (Won’t) + Main Verb (Base Form) + Complement
Sujeito + Will + Not (Won’t) + Verbo Principal (Forma Base) + Complemento
WILL – NEGATIVE FORM
Maintenance here is the third person singular, that is, it is equivalent to it—the 
structure of the sentence is just the same: the subject, then will followed by the main 
verb in its base form, be, that is, without conjugation, and then the complement.
In the negative form, we just have to add not right after will. And the contracted 
form—won’t—is more commonly used. 
Look at the structure:
Let’s suppose you have a problem with the AC, and you ask the front desk clerk if 
you will need to change rooms. They may answer you:
In this case, the subject is it, followed by will not or won’t, which is the 
contracted form, plus the verb to be in the base form, and the complement. The 
idea here is that a future event will not occur. In this case, changing rooms will not 
be necessary. 
It will not (won’t) be necessary. We’ll send a handyman to fix the AC. 
Isso não será necessário. Vamos mandar um funcionário da manutenção 
para consertar o ar. 
WILL – NEGATIVE FORM
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
117
< voltar para o índice
In this case, won’t implies that the person has already tried to turn 
on the TV several times and nothing happened. It is almost as saying 
that the TV “refuses to turn on,” even though this is just a figure of 
speech. Notice that the structure is the same. The difference here is 
the context. 
There is another use of won’t that doesn’t specif ically indicate an action not 
happening in the future. We can use won’t to convey the idea that something 
“refuses” to happen, or that someone refuses to do something. Take a look:
In the interrogative form, we just need to invert the positions of the 
subject and will. The rest of the sentence remains the same. Take a look:
Will + Subject + Main Verb (Base Form) + Complement 
Will + Sujeito + Verbo Principal (Forma Base) + Complemento
WILL – INTERROGATIVE FORM
Look at an example:
So, in this case, we start with will, then add the subject the front desk, 
then the verb send in its base form, and f inally the complement someone 
to unclog the sink.
The TV won’t turn on. Can you send someone here? 
A televisão não liga. Vocês podem mandar alguém aqui?
WILL – AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Will the front desk send someone to unclog the sink?
A recepção vai mandar alguém para desentupir a pia?
WILL – INTERROGATIVE FORM
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
118
< voltar para o índice
By saying so, you indicate that you want to order something; in this case, a 
burger with extra bacon.
There is another expression often used in the same situation: I’d like. We could, 
for example, order something by saying:
You already know that will is used to talk about future events. You have also seen 
that won’t can be used in another context to indicate that someone is refusing to do 
something, or an object, such as a TV, refuses to respond to your command.
There is yet another situation in which will can be used. It’s when we use the 
expression I’ll have to place an order, especially in bars and restaurants. 
Check it out:
I’d like is the contracted form of I would like. It may sound a bit more formal than 
I’ll have, even though both are commonly used to place orders. 
I’ll eat a sandwich later.
Eu vou comer um sanduíche mais tarde.
WILL
Future events / Eventos futuro
We can also combine would with other verbs, such as, would eat, would 
stay, would drink to talk about a hypothesis, which expresses a very different 
perspective when compared to the future. Compare:
I’ll have a burger with extra bacon, please. 
Eu vou querer um hambúrger com mais bacon, por favor.
I’d like to order a chicken salad, please. 
Eu gostaria de pedir uma salada de frango, por favor. 
PLACING AN ORDER – I ’LL HAVE
PLACING AN ORDER – I ’D LIKE
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
119
< voltar para o índice
Would drink refers to something I would like to do if it were possible, but it isn’t.
Now check this next one here:
Again, it is a hypothesis. I would like to stay, but I can’t.
So, would is used to talk about hypothetical situations, and it can also be used 
in the expression I’d like or I would like to make requests in stores, restaurants, 
and to order room service.
I’d drink another beer with you, but I can’t. 
Eu tomaria outra cerveja com você, mas eu não posso.
I’d stay a little longer, but I have to go.
Eu f icaria mais um pouco, mas tenho que ir.
WOULD 
Hypothesis / Hipótese
WOULD 
Hypothesis / Hipótese
Let’s see another example with would:
I’d eat a sandwich later, but I’m on a diet. 
Eu comeria um sanduíche mais tarde, mas eu estou de dieta.
WOULD 
Hypothesis / Hipótese
In the f irst example, we are talking about an action that I decided to perform in 
the future. But in the second one, it is a hypothetical situation: I would eat it if I 
weren’t on a diet, but since I am, I won’t actually eat it.
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
120
< voltar para o índice
0 - Zero
1 - One
2 - Two
3 - Three
4 - Four
5 - Five
6 - Six
7 - Seven
8 - Eight
9 - Nine
10 - Ten
11 - Eleven
12 - Twelve
13 - Thirteen
14 - Fourteen
15 - Fifteen
16 - Sixteen
17- Seventeen
18 - Eighteen
19 - Nineteen
20 - Twenty
21 - Twenty-one
22 - Twenty-two
30 - Thirty
40 - Forty
50 - Fifty
60 - Sixty
70 - Seventy
80 - Eighty
90 - Ninety
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Numerais cardinais
HUNDREDS
Centenas
Now, when we order room service or online food, it is essential to understand prices 
and know how to inform the room number or the address so that we can get things 
delivered to the right place. To do that, we need to learn the numbers.
In English, there are cardinal and ordinal numbers. Let’s take a look at the cardinal 
numbers f irst:
100 - One hundred 
A hundred
200 - Two hundred
300 - Three hundred
400 - Four hundred
500 - Five hundred
600 - Six hundred
700 - Seven hundred
800 - Eight hundred
900 - Nine hundred
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
121
< voltar para o índice
In written language, we use a hyphen in numbers like twenty-one and twenty-
two, and the same goes for other numbers, such as fifty-three, seventy-five, 
eighty-eight…We don’t use and to say them.
We also do not use the plural to refer to numbers like two hundred, five 
thousand, three million, or eight billion. 
We use cardinal numbers to refer to prices. For example:
1,000 
1,500 
1,800 
100,000 
1,000,000
10,000,000
100,000,000
1,000,000,000 
10,000,000,000
 One thousand 
A thousand
 One thousand f ive hundred / 
Fifteen hundred
 One thousand eight hundred / 
Eighteen hundred
One hundred thousand
One million
Ten million
 One hundred million
One billion
Ten billion
Dollars and cents in English are separated by a dot, not a comma, as in other 
languages. And when you hear a price, it is probably going to be all together, as 
in fourteen ninety-eight, for example. 
Let’s see another example: 
US$14.98 – fourteen ninety-eight 
Catorze dólares e noventa e oito centavos
THOUSANDS / MILLIONS / BILLIONS
Milhares / Milhões / Bilhões
US$32.40 – thirty-two dollars and forty cents
Trinta e dois dólares e quarenta centavos
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
122
< voltar para o índice
In general, we use a hundred. We tend to say one hundred when we 
want to emphasize the quantity one. 
Now, let’s take a look at another context in which we can use numbers:
US$154.00 – a hundred fifty-four / one hundred fifty-four
Cento e cinquenta e quatro dólares
I’ll have a tuna salad and an orange juice. 
I’m at the business center, on thethird floor.
Eu vou querer uma salada de atum e um suco de laranja. 
Eu estou no espaço business, no terceiro andar.
I’ll have a tuna salad and an orange juice. 
I’m in room two one four / two hundred fourteen.
Eu vou querer uma salada de atum e um suco de laranja. 
Eu estou no quarto dois, um, quatro / duzentos e catorze.
Here, we used a cardinal number to refer to the room where we are 
staying. You can choose to say it number by number as well. 
But when we refer to the floor, we are more likely to use an ordinal 
number. Look:
As you can see, we can also use the words dollars and cents to refer 
to price. Notice that we don’t use and to say the hyphen.
Now take a look at this one:
Third is an ordinal number that corresponds to the number three. 
They are used to express the idea of sequence or order. 
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
123
< voltar para o índice
1st
2nd
3rd
4th 
5th
6th
7th
8th 
9th
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Seventh
Eighth
Ninth
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Numerais ordinais
10th
11th
12th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
Tenth
Eleventh
Twelfth
Fourteenth
Fifteenth
Sixteenth
Seventeenth
Eighteenth
Nineteenth
20th
21st
22nd
40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
Twentieth
Twenty-first
Twenty-second
Fortieth
Fiftieth
Sixtieth
Seventieth
Eightieth
Ninetieth
Notice that the f irst three ordinal numbers have a different form. And their terminations will be 
repeated whenever they appear after twentieth. That is, we say twenty-first, twenty-second, 
twenty-third, and so on. For all the other ones we will use th at the end of the number. And when 
we have a number like twenty-one, for example, only the second number is made ordinal; so we 
say twenty-fourth (24th), thirty-eighth (38th), fifty-third (53rd) and so on.
In this chapter, you have seen how to use will, the modal verb would, and cardinal and 
ordinal numbers. If you want to get more information on these, go to the Grammar 
Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE 
Will Page 249 w
Modal Verb Would Page 195 w
Cardinal Numbers Page 172 w
Ordinal Numbers Page 198 w
< voltar para o índice
123
Take a look at them:
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 6 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
124
< voltar para o índice
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation: 
a) Good morning. I to place an order for breakfast, please. 
 Bom-dia. Eu gostaria de fazer um pedido de café da manhã, por favor.
b) The TV . Can someone come here and take a look?
 A televisão não liga. Alguém pode vir aqui e dar uma olhada?
Part 5.
ActivitiesGrammar
A. Number the columns according to the function of the structures used in the sentences
a) ( ) We will order room service tonight. 
Nós vamos pedir serviço de quarto esta noite. 
b) ( ) The TV won’t turn on. Can you send someone here? 
A televisão não liga. Vocês podem mandar alguém aqui?
c) ( ) I’ll have a burger with extra bacon. 
Eu vou querer um hambúrger com mais bacon.
d) ( ) I’d eat a sandwich later, but I’m on a diet. 
 Eu comeria um sanduíche mais tarde, mas eu estou de dieta.
e) ( ) Maintenance will be there right away. 
A manutenção estará logo aí. 
f) ( ) I’d like to order a chicken salad, please. 
 Eu gostaria de pedir uma salada de frango, por favor. 
( 1 ) Future Event
( 2 ) Order 
( 3 ) Hypothesis
( 4 ) Something “refuses” to happen
125
Chapter 6 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Notes
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 w
ou
ld
 li
ke
 / 
’d
 li
ke
b.
 w
ill 
no
t t
ur
n 
on
 / 
w
on
’t 
tu
rn
 o
n
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 1
 / 
b.
 4
 / 
c.
 2
 /
 d
. 3
 / 
e.
 1
 / 
f. 
2
c.
 w
ill 
be
d.
 w
ill 
or
de
r /
 ’l
l o
rd
er
e.
 th
ird
 / 
3r
d
f. 
w
ou
ld
 e
at
 / 
’d
 e
at
c) Maintenance there right away.
 A manutenção estará logo aí.
d) We room service tonight.
 Nós vamos pedir serviço de quarto esta noite.
e) I’ll have a tuna salad and an orange juice. I’m at the business center, on the 
 floor. 
 Eu vou querer uma salada de atum e um suco de laranja. Eu estou no espaço 
business, no terceiro andar.
f) I a sandwich, but I’m on a diet. 
 Eu comeria um sanduíche, mas eu estou de dieta.
< voltar para o índice
125
7Hotel Facilities.
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
127
< voltar para o índice
[At the hotel lobby]
Carla:
Hotels offer several facilities and amenities to ensure guests have a 
pleasant stay. This is a f ine hotel, where there are both outside and 
indoor facilities. Lee, the concierge, has offered to give me a tour of the 
hotel. Let’s go!
[Taking a tour of the hotel facilities]
Lee (concierge):
This is the outside facility: to our right there are f lowers in our rose 
garden. To our left, there is a fountain and our garden court.
Carla:
Oh, lovely!
Lee (concierge):
And right in front of us is our golf course.
Carla:
Oh, that’s gorgeous! Thank you, Lee!
Lee (concierge):
We like to call this our zen zone.
HOTEL FACILITIES
In this chapter, we will talk about hotel facilities and amenities. As you know, 
these features will vary according to the hotel rating. Less luxurious and 
expensive hotels won’t offer the same facilities and amenities that a f ive-star 
hotel would. But it doesn’t necessarily mean that one hotel is better than the 
other. The important thing is to know what is ideal for you. In this chapter, you 
will see what facilities and amenities hotels usually offer. We will also show you 
language items to help you improve your English.
Now look at the script of Hotel Facilities.
Part 1.
Video Script
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
128
< voltar para o índice
Carla:
It feels very zen!
Lee (concierge):
Right inside, we can go check out the f itness facility and the business 
center.
Carla:
Yes, OK! Great! So, Lee, remind me again: where is the f itness center?
Lee (concierge):
Now, our f itness center is on the second f loor. Again, there are 
treadmills and free weights for any type of workout you can think of.
Carla:
And so, if I’m kind of hungry, where can I go?
Lee (concierge):
Now, the restaurant, that’s on our f irst f loor. It’s kind of close to the 
lobby area as well, but if you only want a snack, there are vending 
machines throughout the entire hotel.
Carla:
Oh, where are the vending machines located?
Lee (concierge):
They’re by the elevators.
Carla:
OK, so like, on each f loor they’ve got...
Lee (concierge):
On each f loor, yeah.
Carla:
Oh, that’s great! Now, I know you told me there was a business center 
too.
Lee (concierge):
Yes, our business center is located right next to our main desk on the 
f irst f loor.
Carla:
So, you know, the other thing is: if I may need some extra cash, can I get 
that here at the hotel?
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
129
< voltar para o índice
DEPENDÊNCIAS DO HOTEL
[No saguão do hotel]
Carla:
Os hotéis oferecem várias instalações e comodidades para garantir que 
os hóspedes tenham uma estadia agradável. Este é um ótimo hotel, que 
tem instalações internas e externas. Lee, o concierge, se ofereceu para 
me levar em um tour pelo hotel; vamos lá!
[Fazendo um passeio guiado por Lee, o concierge]
Lee (concierge):
Esta é a parte externa, e à sua direita estão as f lores do nosso jardim de 
rosas. À esquerda estão a fonte e nosso pátio ajardinado.
Carla:
Que agradável!
Lee (concierge):
Yes, our ATM is located at the front door.
Carla:
Oh, perfect! You guys are a great staff, thank you so much, Lee. I don’t 
know how I would live without you guys.
Lee (concierge):
Not a problem!
Carla:
You, and Sebastian, and Sanna. You guys have been so much help for 
me!
Lee (concierge):
You’re so welcome, Ms. Sanchez!Carla:
I really like your hotel!
Lee (concierge):
Well, thank you!
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
130
< voltar para o índice
Lee (concierge):
E à nossa frente, está o campo de golfe.
Carla:
Que lindo! Obrigada, Lee!
Lee (concierge):
Nós gostamos de chamá-lo de espaço zen.
Carla:
Realmente parece bem zen!
Lee (concierge):
Aqui dentro podemos conferir a academia e o espaço business.
Carla:
OK, ótimo! Lee, me lembra onde f ica a academia?
Lee (concierge):
A academia f ica no segundo andar; lá você encontra esteiras e halteres 
para qualquer tipo de exercício que possa imaginar.
Carla:
E caso eu f ique com fome, aonde posso ir?
Lee (concierge):
O restaurante f ica no primeiro andar. Ele f ica próximo ao saguão, 
mas caso você só queira um lanchinho, temos máquinas de venda 
automática por todo o hotel.
Carla:
E onde elas estão localizadas?
Lee (concierge):
Ao lado dos elevadores.
Carla:
OK, então tem uma em cada andar...
Lee (concierge):
Em cada andar, sim.
Carla:
OK, ótimo! Você me disse que havia um espaço business.
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Lee (concierge):
Sim, nosso espaço business f ica ao lado da recepção, no primeiro andar.
Carla:
Outra coisa: se eu precisar de mais dinheiro, consigo sacar aqui no 
hotel?
Lee (concierge):
Sim, nosso caixa eletrônico f ica na entrada.
Carla:
Perfeito. Vocês têm uma ótima equipe, muito obrigada, Lee. Eu não sei o 
que faria sem vocês!
Lee (concierge):
Sem problemas!
Carla:
Você, o Sebastian e a Sanna. Vocês têm me ajudado tanto!
Lee (concierge):
De nada, Senhora Sanchez!
Carla:
Eu gosto muito do seu hotel! 
Lee (concierge):
Muito obrigado!
< voltar para o índice
131
Video Script VocabularyChapter 7 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
132
< voltar para o índice
AMENITIES
There are many types of hotels in the U.S., and the quality of their service will vary according 
to their ratings. The higher the hotel rating, the more amenities and conveniences will be made 
available. Some amenities commonly offered by most hotels are:
Ice machine
Máquina de gelo
Washing machines
Máquinas de lavar
Vending machine
Máquina de venda automática
ATM (Automated Teller Machine)
Caixa eletrônico
Vocabulary
Part 2.
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
133
< voltar para o índice
Washing machines for self-service use will probably be more common at two- or 
three-star hotels. Luxury hotels will offer laundry service, and they will charge you 
for each piece of laundry.
You may f ind the facilities and amenities listed separately, under the title indoor 
facilities and outdoor facilities. 
Let’s go through the ones that are commonly indoors: 
INDOOR FACILITIES
Gym / Fitness Center
Academia
Business Center
Espaço Business / Espaço de Trabalho
Bar and/or restaurant
Bar e/ou restaurante
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
134
< voltar para o índice
If you need specif ic information, such as asking for a printer, or if you want to know 
where a certain facility is located, you can ask: 
Since we are talking about indoor facilities, here are some possible answers 
concerning location. Check it out:
The business center is in the lobby, to your left.
O espaço business f ica no saguão, à sua esquerda.
The hotel bar is on the terrace.
O bar do hotel f ica no terraço.
The fitness center is on the second floor, first door on your right.
A academia f ica no segundo andar, primeira porta à sua direita.
Is there a printer in the business center?
Tem uma impressora no espaço business?
Where is the fitness center?
Onde f ica a academia?
What time does the hotel bar open?
Que horas abre o bar do hotel?
What are the restaurant opening hours?
Quais são os horários de funcionamento do restaurante?
And if you want to know any information about the hotel facilities, you can 
always ask the clerk at the front desk. Let’s say you want information about 
opening hours, for example. You can ask: 
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
135
< voltar para o índice
Some hotels may offer free parking. But it is 
always a good idea to check. If you want to know 
more about the hotel parking service, you can ask: 
Is there free parking for guests?
Tem estacionamento gratuito para hóspedes?
How much is the parking fee?
Quanto é a taxa de estacionamento?
Do you have valet parking?
Vocês têm serviço de manobrista?
OUTDOOR FACILITIES
Parking lot
Estacionamento
Kids’ play area
Área de recreação infantil / Brinquedoteca / 
Playground
Swimming pool
Piscina
When it comes to outdoor facilities, some of them are very popular, such as:
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
136
< voltar para o índice
And you can ask for more information about the amenities you can f ind in these facilities: 
Are there pool towels available for guests?
Tem/Há toalhas de piscina 
disponíveis para os hóspedes?
Are there pool floats available for guests?
Tem/Há boias de piscina disponíveis 
para os hóspedes?
Is there a swimming pool for kids?
Tem/Há uma piscina para crianças?
Is there a minimum age for the kids’ play area?
Tem uma idade mínima para área de recreação infantil?
Is there a minimum height for 
the kids’ play area?
Tem uma altura mínima para o playground?
Soccer field
Campo de futebol
Basketball court
Quadra de basquete
Tennis court
Quadra de tênis
Golf course
Campo de golfe
FACILITIES OFFERED AT LUXURY HOTELS
Now you are familiar with the most important facilities and amenities. You also know how 
to ask about their existence and location. 
< voltar para o índice
136
Besides these common facilities, some luxury and expensive hotels 
may also offer the guests the chance to practice sports, such as:
Vocabulary ActivitiesChapter 7 Vocabulary Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
137
< voltar para o índice
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
3 
/ 7
 / 
11
 / 
8 
/ 1
 / 
5 
/ 9
 / 
6 
/ 1
0 
/ 4
 / 
12
 / 
2
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 o
pe
ni
ng
 h
ou
rs
b.
 s
w
im
m
in
g 
po
ol
c.
 fi
tn
es
s 
ce
nt
er
d.
 b
us
in
es
s 
ce
nt
er
e.
 to
w
el
s
f. 
flo
at
s
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words according to the translation.
( 1 ) Facilities
( 2 ) Amenities
( 3 ) Swimming pool
( 4 ) Fitness center
( 5 ) Vending machine
( 6 ) ATM
( 7 ) Ice machine
( 8 ) Washing machines
( 9 ) Indoor facilities
( 10 ) Outdoor facilities
( 11 ) Soccer f ield
( 12 ) Tennis court
( ) Piscina
( ) Máquina de gelo 
( ) Campo de futebol
( ) Máquinas de lavar
( ) Instalações
( ) Máquina de venda 
automática
( ) Instalações na área 
interna
( ) Caixa automático
( ) Instalações na área 
externa
( ) Academia
( ) Quadra de tênis
( ) Serviços de 
conveniência
a) What are the restaurant ?
 Quais são os horários de funcionamento do restaurante? 
b) Is there a for kids?
 Tem uma piscina para crianças?
c) Where is the ?
 Onde f ica a academia?
d) The is in the lobby, to your left.
 O espaço business f ica no saguão, à sua esquerda.
e) Are there pool available for guests?
 Tem/Há toalhas de piscina disponíveis para os hóspedes?
f) Are there pool available for guests?
 Tem boias de piscina disponíveis para os hóspedes?
Part 3.
ActivitiesVocabulary
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 7 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
138
< voltar para o índice
In this chapter, we will talk about the structure there + be, which is used in English to indicate 
existence, and the question word what. 
To talk about existence in the present, there are two possibilities: in the singular we use 
there is, and in the plural we use there are. So, for this structure, we use theverb to be in the 
present, is and are. Let’s see some examples:
SINGULAR
There is a printer in the business center.
Tem/Há uma impressora no espaço business. 
There isn’t a printer in the business center. 
Não tem/há uma impressora no espaço business. 
Is there a printer in the business center?
Tem/Há uma impressora no espaço business?
PLURAL
There are pool floats available for guests.
Tem/Há boias de piscina disponíveis para os hóspedes. 
There aren’t pool floats available for guests.
Não tem/há boias de piscina disponíveis para os hóspedes.
Are there pool floats available for guests?
Tem/Há boias de piscina disponíveis para os hóspedes?
THERE + BE – PRESENT
THERE + BE – PRESENT
Part 4.
Grammar
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
139
< voltar para o índice
As you can see, to make the negative and interrogative forms, we just 
follow the rules of the verb to be. In the negative form, we add not 
after to be, and we may use the contracted forms. In the interrogative 
form, we just invert to be and the word there, so we have is there or 
are there. 
Note that we start the sentence with what and then use the 
interrogative form in the singular: is there. So when we want to 
know about existence in the present, it will always be what is there, 
plus the complement of the sentence.
In this context, the complement will usually indicate a place. Here we 
have at the hotel. Have a look at another example:
We use these structures when we want to talk about existence by 
mentioning or listing what exists. If we don’t know what exists, we 
need to use the question word what. But pay attention: when we ask 
about existence, it means that we do not know if there is only one, or 
two, or three, or a thousand items. Therefore, the question will always 
be in the singular. 
Take a look at this example:
What is there at the hotel?
O que há/tem no hotel? 
WHAT IS THERE + COMPLEMENT
What is there near the fitness center?
O que há/tem perto da academia? 
WHAT IS THERE + COMPLEMENT
Once again, we are indicating a place in the complement of the 
sentence.
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
140
< voltar para o índice
SINGULAR
There will be a welcome party for guests in the hotel lobby.
Haverá uma festa de boas-vindas para os hóspedes no saguão do hotel. 
Note that when we talk about existence in the future, we use there will be for 
both singular and plural.
Let’s take a look at an example in the affirmative form:
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Aff irmative Form
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Aff irmative Form
There + Will be + singular or plural nouns
There + Will be + substantivos no singular ou no plural
THERE + BE – FUTURE
So far, we have been using this structure to talk about existence in the present. 
Now let’s take a look at how we can talk about existence in the future, that is, 
things that will exist. 
To express existence in the future we are going to use will. And just as we 
conjugate the verb to be in the present (there and there are), we will conjugate 
the verb to be in the future. Let’s take a look at this structure:
PLURAL
There will be snacks and drinks at the party
Haverá petiscos e bebidas na festa. 
Here we are talking about a party, that is, we are talking about a singular noun 
in this sentence. And the structure is there will be.
Check this other example out:
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
141
< voltar para o índice
Will there be a welcome party for guests in the hotel lobby?
Haverá uma festa de boas-vindas para 
os hóspedes no saguão do hotel?
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Interrogative Form
There won’t be a welcome party for guests in the hotel lobby. 
Não haverá uma festa de boas-vindas para os hóspedes no saguão do hotel. 
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Negative Form
So, in the negative form the structure is there won’t be + singular or 
plural nouns. You may also use the non-contracted form will not, but 
it sounds very emphatic. 
Now look at the structure for the interrogative form:
To make the negative form, we use won’t, which is the 
contracted form of will + not.
Check it out:
In this case, we are using nouns in the plural form: snacks and 
drinks, so we are referring to plural nouns. Still, we keep on using 
there will be.
So, the structure in the interrogative form will be the same regardless of the 
number of items we are referring to: will there be + singular or plural nouns.
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
142
< voltar para o índice
Just like when we used will, it won’t matter if we are talking about singular or plural nouns.
Take a look at this example with the modal verb can:
If we want to add an idea of possibility to this structure, we can use other 
modal verbs with the expression there + be. We just need to follow the 
structure of modal verbs with the verb to be. Let’s see how we do this in 
the affirmative form f irst:
There + Modal Verb + Be + singular/plural nouns
THERE + BE AND MODAL VERBS
Aff irmative
There can be some disadvantages if you stay at a hostel.
Pode haver algumas desvantagens em se hospedar em um albergue.
THERE CAN BE
Possibility - Possibilidade
Note that we are using certainly before will as a modal verb to express a high 
level of certainty. 
There will certainly be more people sharing common areas, 
which means less privacy.
Com certeza vai ter mais gente dividindo áreas comuns, 
o que signif ica menos privacidade.
THERE + BE – FUTURE
It’s possible to vary the levels of possibility for something to exist. 
If we wish to emphasize the idea that something will definitely exist, we can 
use an adverb with this structure. Take a look:
Here we used the modal verb can to express a possibility.
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
143
< voltar para o índice
There could be conveys an idea of a remote or weak possibility. 
Now look at an example using the modal verb may:
Green Hostel is very popular. There may be 
affordable private room options.
O Green Hostel é muito popular. É provável que haja quartos 
privados com preços acessíveis.
THERE MAY BE
Probability - Probabilidade
Now we’re using the modal verb may to express probability.
Finally, an example with must:
There must be a lot of guest reviews online where 
you’ll find this information.
Deve ter/haver muitas avaliações on-line de hóspedes onde 
você vai achar essa informação.
THERE MUST BE
Assumption - Suposição
Now take a look at this example with could:
But there could be private suites as well.
Mas há alguma possibilidade / pode ser que tenham quartos privados também.
THERE COULD BE
Remote Possibility - Possibilidade remota
Chapter 7 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
144
< voltar para o índice
So, we only invert the position of the modal verb and there in the sentence. The idea conveyed 
in both negative and interrogative forms will depend on the modal verb and the context.
As you can see, all we have to do is put not after the modal verb. 
And the interrogative form:
In this chapter, we talked about the expression there + be and the question word what. 
If you want to learn more details about these topics, go to the Grammar Guide section 
at the end of your book
GRAMMAR GUIDE 
Question Word What Page 214 w
There + Be Page 245 w
Modal Verb + There + Be + singular/plural nouns
THERE + BE AND MODAL VERBS
Interrogative
Here, must is used to make an assumption about something, which means that, even though 
you haven’t looked it up yourself, based on your previous information, you are pretty sure there 
will be reviews online.
We can also use the expression there + be with modal verbs in the negative and interrogative 
forms. The structures are pretty simple. Let’s take a look at them. First, the negative form:
 There + Modal Verb + NOT + Be + singular/pluralnouns
THERE + BE AND MODAL VERBS
Negative
< voltar para o índice
144
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 7 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
145
< voltar para o índice
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the expression there + be according to the 
translation.
a) pool towels available for guests?
 Tem/Há toalhas de piscina disponíveis para os hóspedes?
b) a swimming pool for kids?
 Tem/Há uma piscina para crianças?
Part 5.
ActivitiesGrammar
A. Number the columns according to what they express in the sentences.
 ( ) There can be some disadvantages if you stay at a hostel. 
Pode haver algumas desvantagens em se hospedar em um albergue.
 ( ) There must be a lot of guest reviews online where you’ll find this information. 
Deve haver muitas avaliações on-line de hóspedes onde você vai achar essa informação.
 ( ) There will be snacks and drinks at the party. 
Haverá petiscos e bebidas na festa.
 ( ) There will certainly be more people sharing common areas, which means less privacy. 
Com certeza vai ter mais gente dividindo áreas comuns, o que signif ica menos privacidade.
( ) Green Hostel is very popular. There may be affordable private room options. 
 O Green Hostel é muito popular. É provável que haja quartos privados com preços acessíveis.
 ( ) There could be private suites as well. 
 Pode ser que tenham quartos privados também.
( 1 ) Certainty
( 2 ) Possibility 
( 3 ) Probability
( 4 ) Weak/Remote possibility
( 5 ) Assumption
( 6 ) Existence in the future
146
Chapter 7 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Notes
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 A
re
 th
er
e 
b.
 Is
 th
er
e
c.
 T
he
re
 w
on
’t 
be
 / 
 
Th
er
e 
w
ill 
no
t b
e 
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 
A
ns
w
er
s 
2 
/ 5
/ 6
 / 
1 
/ 3
/ 4
d.
 T
he
re
 c
an
 b
e 
/ 
Th
er
e 
m
ay
 b
e
e.
 T
he
re
 m
us
t b
e
f. 
W
ill 
th
er
e 
be
c) a welcome party for guests in the hotel lobby.
 Não haverá uma festa de boas-vindas para os hóspedes no saguão do hotel. 
d) some disadvantages if you stay at a hostel.
 Pode haver algumas desvantagens em se hospedar em um albergue.
e) a lot of guest reviews online where you’ll find this 
information. 
 Deve ter/haver muitas avaliações on-line de hóspedes onde você vai achar essa 
informação.
f) a welcome party for guests in the hotel lobby?
 Vai ter/Haverá uma festa de boas-vindas para os hóspedes no saguão do hotel?
< voltar para o índice
146
8Checkout.
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
148
< voltar para o índice
[In her room]
Carla:
It’s time to go back home. You need to pack your bags and make sure 
you don’t leave anything behind. In a perfect world, we should pack the 
night before and leave out just what we need to get dressed and go. 
But this is not always possible, especially if you’re on a business trip. So 
you might need a late checkout. I know I do. It’s going to take me a little 
longer than I had planned to pack my stuff and be ready to leave. 
Early check-in and late checkout policies vary according to the hotel, but 
if you need a little extra time in the room, contact the front desk. Staff 
will very likely offer you a complimentary late checkout. At this hotel, 
checkout is at noon. I was given a complimentary late checkout until 2 
p.m. After that, from 2 to 4 p.m., I’ll have to pay US$25 per hour, and 
after 4 p.m., I’ll be charged for one daily rate.
[At the front desk]
Katie (front desk clerk):
Ms. Sanchez, hello.
Carla:
Hi, Katie! What time is it?
Katie (front desk clerk):
It’s 2 o’clock, right on time!
CHECKOUT
Now it is time to leave the hotel. You will get your bill and check out. But there are 
some things you should know about this moment. For example, what could you 
do if you realize they have charged you for something you didn’t ask or order? Or 
what could you say if you need to stay in your room a little bit longer? Well, in this 
chapter, we will help you with that, besides going through some vocabulary and 
grammar that will take your English skills up a notch. 
Now, look at the script of Checkout.
Part 1.
Video Script
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
149
< voltar para o índice
Carla:
Yes! Complimentary late checkout!
Katie (front desk clerk):
Did you enjoy your stay?
Carla:
It was amazing! 
Katie (front desk clerk):
Good! That’s great, that’s good to hear! And can I charge the incidentals 
on your credit card?
Carla:
Why do you have my credit card?
Katie (front desk clerk):
It was when you checked in, remember?
Carla:
That’s right! 
Katie (front desk clerk):
Yes.
Carla:
How much are the incidentals?
Katie (front desk clerk):
US$65. Oh, I’m sorry! US$165. 
Carla:
Oh, well...Room service, massage, movie...Yeah, that sounds about right! 
You can go ahead and charge it.
Katie (front desk clerk):
OK! And I can send you your receipt via email, is that OK?
Carla:
Yeah, you can do that?
Katie (front desk clerk):
I can do that, OK. The email we have on f ile?
Carla:
Yeah, great!
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
150
< voltar para o índice
Katie (front desk clerk):
Alright, that’s send right to you. Can I get you a shuttle or a taxi?
Carla:
No, I’ve got that all arranged.
Katie (front desk clerk):
OK, great! And I just need your room key whenever you’re ready.
Carla:
Right, yeah. I guess this is it, huh?
Katie (front desk clerk):
This is it. Thanks!
Carla:
Thank you, Katie. 
Katie (front desk clerk):
Yeah, you’re welcome! Thank you for staying with us!
Carla:
Bye!
Katie (front desk clerk):
Thank you, have a good one!
Carla:
Yeah, bye!
Katie (front desk clerk):
Bye!
[Leaving the hotel]
Carla:
Alright, guys. So, we have gone through the process of what it’s like 
to stay in a nice hotel—checking in, checking out, reserving a hotel, 
ordering room service, f inding out about their facilities, and so on. I hope 
this has been a good experience for you; it certainly has been for me! 
One last self ie for the girls!
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
151
< voltar para o índice
[No quarto do hotel]
Carla:
Está na hora de voltar para casa. Você precisa arrumar as malas e ter 
certeza de que não está esquecendo nada. Em um mundo perfeito, 
você arrumaria a mala na noite anterior, deixando de fora só o que 
precisasse para se vestir e ir embora. Mas isso nem sempre é possível, 
especialmente se você está viajando a negócios. Talvez você precise de 
um checkout tardio. Eu sei que preciso, pois vou demorar um pouco mais 
do que o planejado para fazer minha mala e f icar pronta para ir. 
Políticas de check-in adiantado e checkout tardio variam de acordo com 
o hotel, mas se você precisa de um pouco mais de tempo no quarto, fale 
com a recepção. A equipe provavelmente vai te oferecer um checkout 
tardio de cortesia. Neste hotel, o checkout é ao meio-dia. Me deram um 
checkout tardio sem custo até 2h da tarde. Depois disso, das 2h às 4h, 
terei que pagar US$25 por hora, e, depois das 4h da tarde, me cobrarão 
uma diária completa.
[Na recepção do hotel]
Katie (recepcionista):
Senhora Sanchez, olá.
Carla:
Oi, Katie! Que horas são?
Katie (recepcionista):
São duas horas em ponto!
Carla:
Sim! Checkout tardio de cortesia!
Katie (recepcionista):
Gostou da sua estadia?
Carla:
Foi incrível!
Katie (recepcionista):
Que bom!
Carla:
Foi tudo maravilhoso!
CHECKOUT
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
152
< voltar para o índice
Katie (recepcionista):
Ótimo, bom ouvir isso! E posso cobrar as despesas extras no seu cartão 
de crédito?
Carla:
Por que você tem meu cartão de crédito?
Katie (recepcionista):
A senhora me deu ele no check-in, lembra?
Carla:
É mesmo!
Katie (recepcionista):
Sim!
Carla:
Quanto f icou o total?
Katie (recepcionista):
US$65. Oh, perdão!São US$165. 
Carla:
Vejamos... Serviço de quarto, massagem, f ilme... Parece que está tudo 
certo! Pode continuar e fazer a cobrança.
Katie (recepcionista):
OK! Eu posso enviar a nota para o seu e-mail, OK?
Carla:
Você pode fazer isso?
Katie (recepcionista):
Posso sim. Mando para o e-mail que temos em seu cadastro?
Carla:
Sim, ótimo!
Katie (recepcionista):
OK, é enviado direto para a senhora. Posso chamar um táxi ou algo do 
tipo?
Carla:
Não, já tenho isso combinado.
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Katie (recepcionista):
OK, ótimo! Eu só preciso da chave do seu quarto assim que a 
senhora puder devolvê-la.
Carla:
OK, sim. Acho que é só isso, não?
Katie (recepcionista):
Exatamente. Obrigada!
Carla:
Obrigada, Katie.
Katie (recepcionista):
De nada! Obrigada por se hospedar conosco!
Carla:
Tchau!
Katie (recepcionista):
Tchau! Tudo de bom!
Carla:
Sim, tchau!
Katie (recepcionista):
Tchau!
Carla:
OK, pessoal. Nós passamos por todo o processo de como é f icar 
em um bom hotel—como fazer o check-in, o checkout, as reservas, 
pedir serviço de quarto, explorar as instalações... Espero que tenha 
sido uma boa experiência para vocês; para mim, com certeza foi! 
Uma última self ie para as meninas!
< voltar para o índice
153
Video Script VocabularyChapter 8 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar Activities
154
< voltar para o índice
HOTEL INVOICE
Checking out of a hotel is pretty much the same anywhere. However, some checkout 
procedures are quite common in the U.S., such as receiving the hotel invoice in your room on 
the day you will leave or the night before that. They will probably slip it under your door, and it 
will probably be organized like this: 
Incidentals
Despesas extras
Taxes
Impostos
Room charge
Custo do quarto
Fees
Taxas
The checkout time can vary in hotels in the U.S., so you should 
check it at the hotel where you are staying and plan ahead. But if 
you need more time, you can always ask for a late checkout.
Late checkouts are usually complimentary, that is, hotels won’t 
typically charge you if you need an extra hour or two in the room. 
All you have to do is go to the front desk and ask:
There are probably two possible answers to that. One of them will 
be to grant you your request:
Can I have a late checkout?
Eu poderia fazer o checkout mais tarde?
Yes, I can give you a complimentary late 
checkout until 2 p.m. Is that OK?
Sim, eu posso te dar um checkout tardio 
de cortesia até às 2h. Que tal?
Vocabulary
Part 2.
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
155
< voltar para o índice
Unfortunately, it won’t be possible. We are at full capacity this week. 
Infelizmente, não será possível. Estamos com a capacidade máxima esta semana. 
However, if the hotel is completely booked, you may hear this: 
If you really need more time, even though the hotel cannot give you a complimentary late 
checkout, you will probably be charged for that. Hotels usually have some policy establishing 
certain conditions and time frames. So you might hear something like: 
When you get all set, just go to the front desk to checkout. 
You can start by saying this:
The receptionist will probably ask you this question:
Next, the receptionist is going to check if you have incidentals. 
If you do, they will most likely say: 
I can give you a complimentary late checkout until 2 p.m.
Eu posso te dar um checkout tardio de cortesia até às 2 da tarde.
Good morning / Good afternoon. I’d like to check out.
Bom-dia. / Boa-tarde. Eu gostaria de fazer o checkout.
What’s your room number?
Qual é o número do seu quarto?
There are some incidentals. Can I charge them to your credit card?
Há algumas despesas extras. Posso cobrá-las no seu cartão de crédito?
From 2 to 4 p.m., it’s 
25 dollars per hour.
Das 2h às 4h da tarde, são 
25 dólares por hora.
After 4 p.m., we’ll charge you for one 
night’s stay.
Depois das 4h da tarde, nós 
cobraremos o valor de uma diária.
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
156
< voltar para o índice
Then the receptionist is going to give you a copy of your bill, even though you have 
already received the invoice. You should check or double-check everything. If you 
f ind any excessive charges, talk to the receptionist. You can say, for example: 
Notice that we are using I’m sorry or Excuse me to start the 
sentences. You can also start with I’m afraid, which is a polite 
expression used when you want to say something that might be 
upsetting.
After setting your bill straight, the receptionist will probably offer to 
call a cab or a shuttle to take you to the airport. You will probably hear 
questions like these:
Or you can just ask them to double-check your whole bill. Here is what you can say: 
Do you need a shuttle to the airport?
Você precisa de traslado para o aeroporto?
Can I get you a cab/taxi to the airport?
Posso chamar um táxi para você ir para o aeroporto?
I’m sorry, the bill is not correct. I didn’t order room service. 
Desculpe, mas a conta não está certa. Eu não pedi serviço de quarto.
Excuse me, I’m afraid the bill is not correct. Can you check it, please?
Com licença, mas receio que a conta não esteja certa. 
Pode verif icá-la, por favor?
How did you like your stay?
Como foi a sua estadia? 
O que você achou da sua estadia?
Did you enjoy staying here with us? 
Did you like staying here with us?
Você gostou da sua estadia conosco?
Then the receptionist will probably ask you this: Or they can say:
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Activities Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVocabularyVideo Script
157
< voltar para o índice
Bye. / Goodbye.
Tchau.
Have a good day. / 
Have a good one. 
Tenha um bom dia.
After that, you should hand the receptionist the room key and bid them farewell. 
You may hear the following:
If your f light isn’t leaving anytime soon and you want to enjoy the city a bit more, you 
can ask the receptionist to store your luggage for you. You may say, for example:
Do you have luggage storage service?
Vocês têm serviço de armazenamento de 
bagagem?
Can you store my luggage for a few hours?
Você pode guardar minha bagagem por 
algumas horas?
Can I leave my luggage here until I go to the airport?
Posso deixar a minha bagagem aqui até eu ir para o aeroporto?
Now you can understand the hotel bill and you know how to proceed during checkout. 
< voltar para o índice
157
Vocabulary ActivitiesChapter 8 Vocabulary Grammar Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
158
< voltar para o índice
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
2 
/ 5
 / 
7 
/ 1
2 
/ 4
 / 
9 
/ 1
1 
/ 
8 
/ 6
 / 
3 
/ 1
0 
/ 1
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 la
te
 c
he
ck
ou
t
b.
 c
om
pl
im
en
ta
ry
c.
 fu
ll 
ca
pa
ci
ty
d.
 in
ci
de
nt
al
s
e.
 s
hu
ttl
e
f. 
bi
ll
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words according to the translation.
( 1 ) Room charge
( 2 ) Bill
( 3 ) Checkout time
( 4 ) Incidentals
( 5 ) Fees
( 6 ) Taxes
( 7 ) Late checkout
( 8 ) Complimentary
( 9 ) Cab
( 10 ) Have a good day
( 11 ) Shuttle
( 12 ) At full capacity
( ) Conta
( ) Taxas
( ) Checkout tardio 
/ mais tarde
( ) Com capacidade 
máxima / Lotado
( ) Despesas extras
( ) Táxi
( ) Traslado / Transporte
( ) Sem custo / Cortesia
( ) Impostos
( ) Hora do checkout
( ) Tenha um bom dia
( ) Custo do quarto
a) Can I have a ?
 Eu poderia fazer o checkout mais tarde? 
b) I can give you a late checkout until 2 p.m.
 Eu posso te dar um checkout tardio de cortesia até às 2h.
c) We are at this week.
 Estamos com a capacidade máxima esta semana.
d) There are some .
 Há algumas despesas extras.
e) Do you need a to the airport?
 Você precisa de translado para o aeroporto? 
f) I’m sorry, but the is not correct.
 Desculpe, mas a conta não está certa. 
Part3.
ActivitiesVocabulary
Vocabulary Activities GrammarChapter 8 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesVideo Script
159
< voltar para o índice
In this chapter, we are going to focus on some grammar topics concerning 
checking out. 
Something very important when we talk about the checkout is to be aware of 
the time you should leave your room and hand over the keys to the front desk. 
Typically, hotels have the checkout time displayed at the front desk or even in a 
document containing the hotel policies, which will be available in the room. But if 
you have questions, just ask:
Notice that we used the question word what combined with the word 
time to ask about the time we are supposed to check out.
And the answer will probably be the following:
Here we used a preposition of time, at, because we are referring to scheduled time.
If we ask for the current time, the question word will be the same, what time, but the 
answer will not include at. Look at the example:
As you can see, we didn’t use at in the answer because it is not scheduled time. 
We also used o’clock, because we are referring to time on the hour, that is, from 
1 to 12, with no extra minutes. 
What time is checkout? 
A que horas é o checkout? 
Checkout is at 12 p.m. 
O checkout é ao meio-dia. 
What time is it? 
Que horas são?
It’s 2 o’clock.
São 2h.
It’s 2.
São 2h. 
But if you wish, you can omit that from 
the answer and just say: 
Part 4.
Grammar
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
160
< voltar para o índice
So, we can conclude that when we talk about an 
appointment or scheduled time, we need to say the 
preposition at + time. Let’s see another example:
Here we are talking about a scheduled time for a shuttle. That’s why we used at.
When it comes to time, there is also the possibility of referring to a period of time. 
If we want to ask about the duration of an event, we should use how long. 
Check it out:
The shuttle to the airport leaves at 1 p.m
O traslado para o aeroporto sai à 1h da tarde.
Here we asked about the period of time necessary to arrive at the airport, so we 
used how long. In this case, we can’t use What time. 
A possible answer to this question could be the following:
So, we use the prepositions from and to to establish that the duration of the trip may 
vary within those minutes. 
Imagine another common checkout situation: You are running late and decide to 
request a complimentary late checkout. You may wonder how long you can stay in 
the room. So you say:
How long does the shuttle take to arrive at the airport? 
Quanto tempo o traslado leva pra chegar ao aeroporto? 
It takes from 40 to 50 minutes. 
Ele leva de 40 a 50 minutos. 
How long can I stay in the room? 
Quanto tempo eu posso f icar no quarto?
You can stay until 3 p.m. 
Você pode f icar até 3h da tarde. 
Again, you will use How long to know the period of time you are still allowed to 
stay in the room.
And the answer could be like this:
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
161
< voltar para o índice
Here, we used until to express a period of time that lasts from the time we speak up to that 
particular time, in this case, 3 p.m.
So far, we have seen some very common prepositions to talk about time or duration. Let’s recap:
The best way to learn prepositions is by understanding in which situations or 
combinations we are supposed to use them. For instance, when it comes to time, 
we can also refer to parts of the day, such as morning, afternoon, and night. 
And there will be specif ic prepositions to be used in each case. Check it out:
The housekeepers clean the rooms in the morning.
As camareiras limpam o quarto pela manhã / durante o período da manhã. 
 at used to refer to scheduled time or an appointment 
 (em/a) usado para se referir a uma hora marcada ou compromisso
 from/to used to mark periods of time / duration
 (de/até) usado para marcar períodos de tempo / duração
 until used to convey the idea of something happening up to a 
certain moment
 (até) usado para dar a ideia de algo acontecendo até um determinado 
momento
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
To talk about the morning period, we use the 
preposition in: in the morning.
The swimming pool opens in the afternoon.
A piscina abre à tarde / na parte da tarde. 
To talk about the afternoon, we 
also use in: in the afternoon.
But pay attention to this:
The hotel bar opens only at night.
O bar do hotel abre somente à noite. 
To talk about the night, we will no longer use in, but at. Moreover, 
we won’t use the definite article the, but simply say at night. 
Chapter 8 Vocabulary Grammar ActivitiesGrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
162
< voltar para o índice
So we have in the morning, in the afternoon, and at night. Note 
that the preposition varies according to the word with which it is 
combined. 
When we want to ask about the moment of the day, year, or month 
in which a situation occurs, we have to use another question word: 
when.
When does not refer to scheduled time or period of time, but to a 
broader moment in which something happens, happened, or will 
happen. Let’s take a look at an example:
We use when here because we want to know the moment something 
happens. And the answer to this question could be the following:
As you can see, we are not indicating time or period of time, 
but the moment or part of the day when the situation happens.
When does the hotel bar open?
Quando o bar do hotel abre? 
It opens at night.
Ele abre à noite. 
In this chapter, we talked about the question words what, when, and how, and we’ve 
seen some prepositions of time. If you want to learn more about these topics, go to the 
Grammar Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE 
Prepositions of Time Page 201 w
Question Word How Page 208 w 
Question Word What Page 214 w
Question Word When Page 221 w
< voltar para o índice
162
Grammar ActivitiesChapter 8 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script
163
< voltar para o índice
Part 5.
ActivitiesGrammar
A. Match the columns according to the functions of the question words.
 ( ) How long does the shuttle take to arrive at the airport? 
Quanto tempo o traslado leva pra chegar ao aeroporto? 
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate preposition.
a) The housekeepers clean the rooms the morning.
 As camareiras limpam o quarto pela manhã.
b) The swimming pool opens the afternoon.
 A piscina abre na parte da tarde.
 ( ) What time is checkout? 
A que horas é o checkout?
 ( ) When does the hotel bar open? 
Quando o bar do hotel abre? 
( ) What time is it? 
Que horas são?
 ( ) How long can I stay in the room? 
Quanto tempo eu posso f icar no quarto? 
( 1 ) To ask about the time
( 2 ) To ask about a period of time 
( 3 ) To ask about a moment in the day
164
Chapter 8 Vocabulary GrammarVocabulary ActivitiesVideo Script Grammar Activities
< voltar para o índice
Notes
A
ct
iv
ity
 B
 –
 A
ns
w
er
s
a.
 in
 
b.
 in
c.
 a
t 
A
ct
iv
ity
 A
 –
 
A
ns
w
er
s 
2 
/ 1
 / 
3 
/ 1
 / 
2
d.
 u
nt
il
e.
 fr
om
 –
 to
f. 
at
c) The hotel bar opens only night.
 O bar do hotel abre somente à noite.
d) You can stay 3 p.m.
 Você pode f icar até 3h da tarde. 
e) It takes 40 50 minutes.
 Ele leva de 40 a 50 minutos.
f) The shuttle to the airport leaves 1 p.m.
 O traslado para o aeroporto sai à 1h da tarde.
< voltar para o índice
164
Gram
Guide
mar
Grammar Guide.
Grammar
Guide
166
< voltar para o índice
Adjectives are used to describe 
things. We can use adjectives to 
describe objects, people, places, 
the weather, and food, for example. 
Adjectives don’t have singular 
or plural forms or feminine and 
masculine, and they always refer 
to nouns or pronouns.
Adjectives are used mainly in two 
positions. In the first one, a noun or a 
pronoun is the subject of the sentence, 
followed by the verb andthe adjective.
Mary is smart.
Mary é esperta.
(subject: Mary + verb: is + adjective: smart)
John is smart.
John é esperto.
(subject: John + verb: is + adjective: smart)
Mary and John are smart.
Mary e John são espertos.
(subject: Mary and John + verb: are + adjective: smart)
ADJECTIVES
Subject + Verb + Adjective
Mary has a great job.
Mary tem um ótimo emprego.
(determiner: a + adjective: great + noun: job)
John has a great job.
John tem um ótimo emprego.
(determiner: a + adjective: great + noun: job)
Mary and John have great jobs.
Mary e John têm ótimos empregos.
(no determiner + adjective: great + noun: job)
ADJECTIVES
(Determiner +) Adjective + Noun
The other position for adjectives is right before the noun to which they refer. 
In this case, we’ll have a determiner (if necessary), the adjective, and the noun. 
Take a look:
Adjectives
167
< voltar para o índice
Article: the / a / an
o(a) / um(a) 
Demonstratives: this / that / these / those
este(a); esse(a); estes(as); esses(as) / aquele(a); aqueles(as) 
Possessive adjectives: my / your / his / her / its / our / their
meu(s); minha(s) / seu(s); sua(s) / 
dele / dela / nosso(s); nossa(s) / deles; delas
DETERMINERS
In this second structure, it’s possible to use a determiner or not. But what is a determiner?
A determiner can be an article, such as the, a, or an; a demonstrative, such as this, that, 
these, or those; or a possessive adjective, such as my, your, his, her, its, our, or their.
Chris is the best student in the class.
Chris é o melhor aluno da sala.
(determiner: the + adjective: best + noun: student)
Look at those cute dogs!
Olha aqueles cachorros fofos!
(determiner: those + adjective: cute + noun: dogs)
Chocolate is my favorite dessert.
Chocolate é minha sobremesa favorita.
(determiner: my + adjective: favorite + noun: dessert)
ADJECTIVES
Determiner + Adjective + Noun
Let’s see some examples with determiners before the adjective and the noun.
Adjectives
168
< voltar para o índice
Carnival is a beautiful big old festival.
O Carnaval é uma grande e bonita festa antiga.
(determiner: a + adjectives: beautiful, big, and old + noun: festival)
ADJECTIVES
It’s possible to use two or more adjectives in a sentence. Look at the example:
When you use more than one adjective in a sentence, there is an order to be followed. Check it out:
It’s not common to use many adjectives for the same noun, but it’s possible.
1st – Opinion
Example: Amazing, beautiful, nice.
Exemplo: Incrível, bonito(a), legal.
5th – Age
Example: Old and young.
Exemplo: Velho(a) e novo(a).
3rd – Physical characteristics
Example: Thin, tall, short.
Exemplo: Magro(a), alto(a), baixo(a).
7th – Origin
Example: Japanese, Italian, American.
Exemplo: Japonês(esa), Italiano(a), Americano(a).
9th – Type 
Example: General, specific. 
Exemplo: Geral, específ ico(a).
2nd – Size
Example: Big, small, tall, short.
Exemplo: Grande, pequeno(a), alto(a), baixo(a).
6th – Color
Example: Blue, red, yellow.
Exemplo: Azul, vermelho(a), amarelo(a).
4th – Shape
Example: Round, square, rectangular.
Exemplo: Redondo(a), quadrado(a), retangular.
8th – Material
Example: Wooden, plastic, glass.
Exemplo: De madeira, de plástico, de vidro.
10th – Purpose
Example: Cooking, cleaning, teaching.
Exemplo: Para cozinhar, limpar, ensinar.
ADJECTIVE ORDER
This is how adjectives are used in English.
Adjectives
Grammar
Guide
169
< voltar para o índice
Affirmative
Subject + Be Supposed + Verb in the infinitive + Complement
Sujeito + Be Supposed + Verbo no Infinitivo + Complemento
Laura is supposed to arrive at work at 9 a.m.
Laura deve/tem que chegar ao trabalho às 9h da manhã.
Espera-se que Laura chegue ao trabalho às 9h da manhã.
This sunscreen is supposed to be waterproof.
Presume-se que este protetor solar seja à prova d’água.
Espera-se que este protetor seja à prova d’água.
Hollywood movie stars are supposed to be rich.
Espera-se/Presume-se que estrelas de Hollywood sejam ricas.
Be Supposed + Infinitive is a phrase used to talk about: 
Take a look at its structure in the affirmative form and some examples: 
BE SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
BE SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
What people are expected to do (rules or laws).
O que se espera que as pessoas façam (regras ou leis).
What is expected to happen.
O que se espera que aconteça.
What is generally believed.
O que de modo geral se acredita ser verdade.
Be Supposed To
170
< voltar para o índice
In its negative form, Be Supposed + Infinitive can refer to something that people are expected 
not to do or maybe to something that is prohibited:
In the interrogative form, we can use it to ask questions about what is expected from people.
Negative
Subject + Be + NOT + Supposed + Verb in the Infinitive + Complement
Sujeito + Be + NOT + Supposed + Verbo no Infinitivo + Complemento
You aren’t (are not) supposed to park here.
Você não deve / não pode estacionar aqui. 
Espera-se que você não estacione aqui.
Use: What people are expected not to do or something that is prohibited. 
Uso: O que se espera que as pessoas não façam, ou o que é proibido.
Interrogative
Be + Subject + Supposed + Verb in the Infinitive + Complement
Be + Sujeito + Supposed + Verbo no Infinitivo + Complemento
Are we supposed to take part in the meeting?
Nós devemos participar da reunião? / Espera-se que a gente participe da reunião?
Use: To ask questions about what people are expected to do.
Uso: Para perguntar o que se espera que as pessoas façam.
BE SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
BE SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
Be Supposed To
171
< voltar para o índice
And that is how we use the structure Be Supposed + Infinitive. 
We can also use Be Supposed + Infinitive in the past by conjugating the verb to be in its past form. In 
this case, it’s typically used to draw a comparison between what should have happened and what actually 
happened. Have a look: 
Past
Subject + Verb to Be in the Past + Supposed + Verb in the Infinitive + Complement
Sujeito + Verbo to Be no Passado + Verbo no Infinitivo + Complemento
You were supposed to clean your room. Why haven’t you?
Você deveria ter limpado o seu quarto. Por que você não limpou?
Esperava-se que você limpasse o seu quarto. Por que você não limpou?
Peter was not supposed to leave without my permission. Why did he?
O Peter não deveria sair sem a minha permissão. Por que ele saiu?
Esperava-se que o Peter não saísse sem a minha permissão. Por que ele saiu?
Use: To express what should have happened, but it did not.
Uso: Para expressar o que deveria ter acontecido, mas não aconteceu.
BE SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
Be Supposed To
Grammar
Guide
172
< voltar para o índice
 0 – Zero 10 – Ten 20 – Twenty
 1 – One 11 – Eleven 21 – Twenty-one
 2 – Two 12 – Twelve 22 – Twenty-two
 3 – Three 13 – Thirteen 30 – Thirty
 4 – Four 14 – Fourteen 40 – Forty
 5 – Five 15 – Fifteen 50 – Fifty
 6 – Six 16 – Sixteen 60 – Sixty
 7 – Seven 17 – Seventeen 70 – Seventy
 8 – Eight 18 – Eighteen 80 – Eighty
 9 – Nine 19 – Nineteen 90 – Ninety
Cardinal numbers are used to talk about quantity. Numbers such as one, 
five, twelve, and two hundred are cardinal numbers. They can be used to 
refer to anything, including people. Check out some examples:
Here is a list with some common cardinal numbers:
CARDINAL NUMBERS
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Bob owns two companies.
Bob tem duas empresas.
Lisa works forty-four hours a week.
Lisa trabalha quarenta e quatro horas por semana.
There were about thirty thousand people at the stadium.
Havia aproximadamente trinta mil pessoas no estádio.
Cardinal Numbers
173
< voltar para o índice
What would you do if you had a billion dollars? (Neutral)
O que você faria se tivesse um bilhão de dólares? (Neutro)
One billion dollars? I have no idea! (Emphasizing)
Um bilhão de dólares? Eu não tenho ideia. (Enfático)
The next gas station is about a hundred miles from here. (Neutral)
O próximo posto de gasolina f ica a mais ou menos cem milhas daqui. (Neutro)
Do we really have to drive onehundred miles up to the next gas station? (Emphasizing)
A gente tem mesmo que dirigir cem milhas até o próximo posto de gasolina? (Enfático)
Now check how we spell the hundreds, thousands, millions, and billions:
Notice that in English, the thousands, millions, and billions are usually separated by commas.
Round numbers between 1,100 and 1,900 can be spoken in two different ways. For example, the 
number 1,500 can be pronounced as fifteen hundred or one thousand five hundred. It’s common 
in informal contexts.
We generally use a instead of one to say a hundred, a thousand, and a million. We will use one 
hundred, one thousand, or one million when we want to emphasize the exact quantity. Compare:
CARDINAL NUMBERS
A or One
Hundreds
100 – One hundred 
A hundred
200 – Two hundred
300 – Three hundred
400 – Four hundred
500 – Five hundred
600 – Six hundred
700 – Seven hundred
800 – Eight hundred
900 – Nine hundred
Thousands/Millions/Billions
1,000 – one thousand
1,500 – one thousand five hundred 
fifteen hundred
1,800 – one thousand eight hundred 
eighteen hundred
100,000 – one hundred thousand
1,000,000 – one million
10,000,000 – ten million
100,000,000 – one hundred million
1,000,000,000 – one billion
10,000,000,000 – ten billion
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Cardinal Numbers
174
< voltar para o índice
Since cardinal numbers are used to specify quantities, it is very common to use them when we talk about 
prices and values. For example: 
We will also use cardinal numbers to talk about years and decades. 
When we talk about years, there are some variations in the spoken language. Years are usually pronounced 
in two blocks. For instance, 1776 is pronounced as seventeen (17) seventy-six (76). 
But years can also be pronounced as one block, especially the years after the year two thousand, 2000. 
For instance, the year 2016 is commonly pronounced as two thousand sixteen, but you may hear people 
saying twenty (20) sixteen (16).
I bought an airline ticket from New York to Sydney for twelve hundred dollars (U$1,200).
Eu comprei uma passagem de Nova York a Sydney por mil e duzentos dólares.
We went to a store where everything was three dollars ninety-nine cents (U$3.99).
Fomos a uma loja onde tudo custava três dólares e noventa e nove centavos.
Cabral arrived in Brazil in 1500 (fifteen hundred).
Cabral chegou ao Brasil em 1500.
The United States declaration of independence was signed in July 1776 (seventeen seventy-six).
A declaração de independência dos Estados Unidos foi assinada em julho de 1776.
The Summer Olympic Games in Rio were in 2016 (two thousand sixteen / twenty sixteen).
Os Jogos Olímpicos de verão no Rio foram em 2016.
In 2018 (two thousand eighteen / twenty eighteen), the World Cup was in Russia.
Em 2018, a Copa do Mundo foi na Rússia.
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Prices and Values
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Years
Cardinal Numbers
175
< voltar para o índice
And now you know how to read and use cardinal numbers.
When we want to refer to a whole decade in the written language, 
we will generally use the decade followed by S preceded or not by an 
apostrophe. Check it out: 
My mother met my father in the 70’s (the seventies).
Minha mãe conheceu meu pai nos anos 70.
I was born in the 80s (the eighties).
Eu nasci nos anos 80.
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Decades
Cardinal Numbers
Grammar
Guide
176
< voltar para o índice
This car is faster than that one.
Esse carro é mais rápido do que aquele.
(The adjective faster refers to the noun car.)
Can you drive faster?
Você pode dirigir mais rápido?
(The adverb faster refers to the verb drive.)
Adjective/Adverb + -ER + Than (if necessary) 
Julie looks younger now.
A Julie parece mais nova agora.
Julie is younger than her brother.
A Julie é mais nova do que seu irmão.
In English, one of the ways we can compare things is by using the comparative 
form of adjectives and adverbs. We can use them to compare two things, 
ideas, or people, and to determine if one has more or less of a particular quality 
than the other.
Adjectives qualify nouns. Adverbs qualify verbs. But they can have the same 
form. That is what happens with fast, for example. It can be either an adjective or 
an adverb—but regardless of its function, there will be a comparative form.
There are basically two structures to use the comparative form of adjectives and 
adverbs. One is when we have a short adverb or adjective. In these cases, we’ll 
add -ER at the end of the adjective or adverb. 
When we mention the two elements, we also use than right after the 
comparative form.
COMPARATIVE FORM
Adjectives and Adverbs
COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
Short Adjective or Adverb
Comparatives
177
< voltar para o índice
The other structure is for long adverbs or adjectives. In that case, we’ll use more 
before it, and the rule for using the word than is the same. If we mention the 
element of comparison, we’ll use it.
Short adjectives are the ones that have one syllable, and they have some spelling rules that 
must be observed. In most cases, we simply add -ER.
More + Long Adjective/Adverb + Than (if necessary)
The airfares are more expensive today.
As tarifas aéreas estão mais caras hoje.
The airfares are more expensive than last week.
As tarifas aéreas estão mais caras do que na semana passada.
 Adjective/Adverb Comparative Adjective/Adverb
 young younger
 jovem mais jovem
 strong stronger
 forte mais forte
 high higher
 alto mais alto
COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
Long Adjective or Adverb
COMPARATIVES – ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
Most cases: Add -ER
Comparatives
178
< voltar para o índice
Ending in E: Add -R
Terminação em E: Adicionar -R
 Adjective/Adverb Comparative Adjective/Adverb
 nice nicer
 legal mais legal
 wise wiser
 sábio mais sábio
Ending in Y: Replace Y for -IER
Terminação em Y: Trocar o Y por -IER
 Adjective/Adverb Comparative Adjective/Adverb
 dry drier
 seco mais seco
 shy shier
 tímido mais tímido
However, for the short adjectives or adverbs ending in E, we just need to add -R. 
Regarding the short adjectives and adverbs ending in Y, 
we will drop the Y and add -IER.
COMPARATIVES
One-syllable Adjectives and Adverbs – Special Cases
COMPARATIVES
One-syllable Adjectives and Adverbs – Special Cases
Comparatives
179
< voltar para o índice
Ending in Y: Replace Y for -IER
Terminação em Y: Trocar Y por -IER
 easy easier
 fácil mais fácil
 busy busier
 ocupado mais ocupado
 happy happier
 feliz mais feliz
The comparative of most two-syllable adjectives and adverbs will be formed by 
using the word more before them. 
But there are some exceptions. If the two-syllable adjectives or adverbs end in 
Y, we drop the Y and add –IER, and when they finish in E or OW, we’ll add -ER.
COMPARATIVES
Two-syllable Adjectives and Adverbs – Special Cases
Ending in E or OW: Add -ER
Terminação em E ou OW: Adicionar -ER
 polite politer
 educado mais educado
 simple simpler
 simples mais simples
 narrow narrower
 estreito mais estreito
 shallow shallower
 raso mais raso
Ending in CVC: Double the last consonant and add -ER
Terminação em CVC: Dobrar a última consoante e adicionar -ER
 Adjective/Adverb Comparative Adjective/Adverb
 hot hotter
 quente mais quente
 big bigger
 grande maior
Some short adjectives and adverbs are known as CVC because they are 
composed of or end in consonant, vowel, consonant. It’s the case of hot 
and big. For these, we double the last consonant and add -ER.
COMPARATIVES
One-syllable Adjectives and Adverbs – Special Cases
Comparatives
180
< voltar para o índice
For long adjectives and adverbs, which is the general case of those with two or three 
or more syllables, we’ll just use the word more before them.
Adjective Colorful
This painting is more colorful than that one.
Esse quadro é mais colorido do que aquele.
Adverb Carefully
You drive more carefully than Mark.
Você dirigemais cuidadosamente do que o Mark
COMPARATIVES
Long Adjectives and Adverbs
There are also some irregular comparative forms that do not f it the rules.
 Adjective/Adverb Comparative Adjective/Adverb
 Good/Well Better
 Bad/Badly Worse
 Far Farther/Further
 Little Less
COMPARATIVES
Irregular Adjectives and Adverbs
And now you know how to make comparisons in English using adjectives and adverbs.
Now, when we want to say that two 
elements are equal, the structure is as 
+ adjective/adverb + as. Then, we’ll 
always use the adjective or adverb in 
their base form. Structure: as + adjective/adverb + as
This restaurant is as good as the one we went to yesterday.
Este restaurante é tão bom quanto ao que fomos ontem.
Mary dances as gracefully as Jane.
Mary dança tão graciosamente quanto Jane.
COMPARATIVES
Equality
Comparatives
Grammar
Guide
181
< voltar para o índice< voltar para o índice
Interrogative sentences in English follow some basic structures.
In a sentence with the verb to be as the main verb in the simple present or the 
simple past, there is no need to use an auxiliary verb. Therefore, the sentence 
will have the following structure: the verb to be as the main verb, the subject, 
and the complement.
Sentences that have one auxiliary or modal verb are made by placing the 
auxiliary right before the subject, and then the main verb, which may be 
followed by a complement.
In the case of verb forms that have more than one auxiliary, the structure is the 
first auxiliary verb, the subject, and then the second or third auxiliary verbs, 
followed by the main the verb and a complement, if necessary.
Verb To Be + Subject + Complement (Simple Present and Simple Past)
Verbo To Be + Sujeito + Complemento (Simple Present and Simple Past)
Auxiliary or Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Complement (if necessary)
Verbo Auxiliar ou Modal Verb + Sujeito + Verbo Principal + Complemento (se necessário)
First Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Other Auxiliaries + Main Verb + 
Complement (if necessary)
Primeiro Verbo Auxiliar + Sujeito + Outros Auxiliares + Verbo Principal + 
Complemento (se necessário)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Structures
Interrogative Form
182
< voltar para o índice
However, in the case of verb forms in which the main verb is not 
the verb to be, one auxiliary verb or a modal verb is required.
Check out some examples with these structures. In verb forms such as the simple present and 
the simple past, in which the verb to be is the main verb, we don’t need an auxiliary to ask a 
question.
Structure: Verb To Be + Subject + Complement
Is she a lawyer?
Ela é advogada?
Were you home last night?
Você estava em casa na noite passada?
Structure: Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Complement (if necessary)
Does she work as a lawyer? (main verb: work)
Ela trabalha como advogada? 
(The verb to do works as an auxiliary, and the sentence is in the simple present)
Did you do your homework? (main verb: do)
Você fez sua lição de casa? 
(The verb to do works as an auxiliary, and the sentence is in the simple past)
Can you help me? (main verb: help)
Você pode me ajudar? 
 (The modal verb can works as an auxiliary, and the sentence is in the simple present)
Are you studying for the test? (main verb: study in the -ING form)
Você está estudando para a prova? 
(The verb to be works as an auxiliary, and the sentence is in the present continuous)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Verb forms with the verb to be as the main verb (simple present and simple past)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Verb forms with other verbs as the main verb
Interrogative Form
183
< voltar para o índice
Question Full Answer Short Answer Wrong Answer
Do you like chocolate? Yes, I like chocolate. Yes, I do. Yes, I like.
Você gosta de chocolate? Sim, eu gosto de chocolate. Sim, eu gosto.
Depending on the verb form, there may be more than one auxiliary verb before the main verb, which is 
the case of the present perfect continuous.
Notice that in English when someone asks a question using auxiliaries, we can give a long or a short 
answer, and to give a short answer we need to use an auxiliary verb.
Structure: First Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Other Auxiliaries + 
Main Verb + Complement (if necessary)
Have you been studying for the test? (main verb: study in the -ING form)
Você tem estudado para a prova? 
(The verb to have works as the f irst auxiliary, and the verb to be in the past participle, as the second)
Have you been waiting for a long time? (main verb: wait in the -ING form)
Você está esperando há muito tempo? 
(The verb to have works as the f irst auxiliary, and the verb to be in the past participle, as the second)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Verbs forms with more than one auxiliary verb
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Long and short answers
And this is how we use the interrogative form in English. 
Now, you know its basic sentence structure.
Interrogative Form
Grammar
Guide
184
< voltar para o índice
I can’t drive.
Eu não posso dirigir.
(subject: I + modal verb: can + not (can’t) + main verb: drive)
I can’t play the piano.
Eu não posso tocar piano.
(subject: I + modal verb: can + not (can’t) + main verb: play + 
complement: the piano)
I can drive.
Eu posso dirigir.
(subject: I + modal verb: can + main verb: drive)
I can play the piano.
Eu posso tocar piano.
(subject: I + modal verb: can + main verb: play + complement: the piano)
Modal verbs function as auxiliary verbs, adding meaning to the main verb. 
They express possibility, probability, ability, permission, assumption, 
obligation, or prohibition.
Modal verbs share the same sentence structure. In the affirmative, the 
structure is the subject, the modal verb followed by the main verb in the base 
form, and it can be followed by a complement or not.
In negative sentences, we keep the same pattern, but include not after the 
modal verb. We generally use the contracted form can’t.
MODAL VERBS
Affirmative Form
MODAL VERBS
Negative Form
Modal Verb Can
185
< voltar para o índice
Can you drive?
Você pode dirigir?
(modal verb: can + subject: you + main verb: drive)
Can you play the piano?
Você pode tocar piano?
(modal verb: can + subject: you + main verb: play + complement: the piano)
In interrogative sentences, we invert the position of the modal verb and the subject. 
The structure is the modal verb, the subject, the main verb in the base form, and a 
complement, when necessary. 
The modal verb can in its aff irmative form typically expresses possibility, present ability, 
and permission. In the negative form, it expresses lack of possibility, lack of ability, and lack 
of permission.
MODAL VERBS
Interrogative Form
MODAL VERB CAN
Uses
Affirmative
Possibility
I can meet you later.
Eu posso te encontrar mais tarde.
Present Ability
I can dance very well.
Eu posso/sei dançar muito bem.
Permission
You can come in. 
Você pode entrar.
Negative
Lack of Possibility
I can’t meet you later.
Eu não posso te encontrar mais tarde.
Lack of Ability
I can’t dance very well.
Eu não posso/sei dançar muito bem.
Lack of Permission
You can’t come in.
Você não pode entrar.
Modal Verb Can
186
< voltar para o índice
Interrogative
Asking for a Favor
Can you help me?
Você pode me ajudar?
Asking for Permission
Can I come in?
Eu posso entrar?
Asking about Possiblity
Can we meet after work?
Nós podemos nos encontrar depois do trabalho?
As for the interrogative form, the modal verb can is typically used to 
make requests. It’s used to ask for favors and for permission, or to 
ask about the possibility of something happening. 
MODAL VERB CAN
Uses
It’s important to acknowledge that these uses are usually easily noticed within the context, since the same 
sentence in different contexts may have different meanings. 
You can speak English.
Você pode/sabe falar inglês.
It’s possible for you to speak English in a certain situation.
É possível que você fale inglês em determinada situação.
You have the ability to speak English.
Vocêtem habilidade para falar inglês.
You have permission to speak English in a certain situation.
Você tem permissão para falar inglês em determinada situação.
MODAL VERB CAN
Contexts
And this is how you use the modal verb can. 
Modal Verb Can
Grammar
Guide
187
< voltar para o índice
Modal verbs are also known as modal auxiliary verbs because they add 
meaning to the main verb. Modal verbs can express possibility, probability, 
ability, permission, assumption, obligation, or prohibition.
Modal verbs follow the same sentence structure. Let’s look at structures 
in the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms.
In the affirmative, the structure is the subject, the modal verb, and the main 
verb in the base form, which may be followed by a complement or not. 
Take a look at the table.
In negative sentences, we’ll include the word not after the modal verb. 
When we use the negative form, we generally use the contracted form couldn’t.
Subject + Modal Verb + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement
We could go to the gym.
Nós poderíamos ir à academia.
Subject + Modal Verb + Not + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement
We couldn’t go to the gym.
Nós não pudemos ir à academia.
MODAL VERBS
Affirmative
MODAL VERBS
Negative
Modal Verb Could
188
< voltar para o índice
It’s important to notice that modal verbs, in general, should be associated with their functions in the context, 
and not with time (past, present or future). This is particularly important when analyzing the modal verb could 
since the time reference may change drastically according to its function in the context.
The modal verb could, in its affirmative and negative forms, can be used to express probability or lack of 
probability, either of a present or a future event. It can also refer to abilities, but in such case, could refers to 
past abilities.
Mary is not home right now. She’s usually at her parents’ in the morning. She could be there.
Mary não está em casa agora. Ela geralmente está na casa de seus pais de manhã. Ela pode estar lá.
(She could be there = It’s possible that she is there)
Mary’s parents are out of town. She couldn’t be there.
Os pais da Mary estão fora da cidade. Ela não poderia estar lá.
(She couldn’t be there = It’s not possible for her to be there)
MODAL VERB COULD
Probability / Lack of Probability (in the Present)
To make interrogative sentences, the modal verb is placed before the subject.
Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement
Could we go to the gym together?
Nós poderíamos ir à academia juntos?
MODAL VERBS
Interrogative
We can also use the modal verb could to talk about probability in the future, that is, the chances for 
something to happen.
MODAL VERB COULD
Probability / Lack of Probability (in the Future)
Sylvia is an excellent professional. I think she could be the new manager.
A Sylvia é uma profissional excelente. Eu acho que ela poderia ser a nova gerente.
(She could be the new manager = It’s likely to happen)
Brian is just as good. But he couldn’t be the new manager; he has no management skills.
Brian é tão bom quanto ela. Mas ele não poderia ser o novo gerente; ele não tem habilidades gerenciais.
(He couldn’t be the new manager = It’s not likely to happen)
Modal Verb Could
189
< voltar para o índice
Could you lend me your car?
Você poderia me emprestar o seu carro?
Could I borrow your car?
Eu poderia pegar o seu carro emprestado?
However, when we use the modal verb could to refer to ability, we are referring to abilities 
people had in the past, and that they probably don’t have anymore, or, in the case of negative 
sentences, abilities people didn’t have in the past.
Kevin won a lot of football tournaments back in our school days. Boy, he could run!
Kevin ganhou muitos torneios de futebol americano na época de escola. Cara, como ele 
sabia/podia correr!
George was a good player, but he couldn’t run long distances.
George era um bom jogador, mas ele não sabia/podia correr distâncias longas.
MODAL VERB COULD
Ability / Lack of Ability (in the Past)
The modal verb could in the interrogative form is used to ask about possibilities 
or abilities in the past. 
Could you meet me at the coffee shop tomorrow?
Você poderia me encontrar no café amanhã?
(Asking about possibilities for the future)
Could you speak English by the time you lived abroad?
Você podia/sabia falar inglês quando morou fora?
(Asking about ability in the past)
MODAL VERB COULD
In the interrogative, the modal verb could is also very frequently used to make 
requests in a polite way, either asking for a favor or permission.
MODAL VERB COULD
Making Requests
And now you know how to use the modal verb could. 
Modal Verb Could
Grammar
Guide
190
< voltar para o índice
Modal verbs are also known as modal auxiliary verbs because they add meaning 
to the main verb. Modal verbs can express possibility, probability, ability, 
permission, assumption, obligation, or prohibition.
The sentence structure of modal verbs follows the same pattern: 
MODAL VERBS
Sentence Structure
Affirmative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Negative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Not + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Not + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Interrogative Form
Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Modal Verb + Sujeito + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Modal Verb May
191
< voltar para o índice
It may rain.
Pode chover. / Pode ser que chova.
(There is a reasonable chance that 
it will rain).
I may go to the party.
Eu posso ir à festa. / Pode ser que 
eu vá à festa.
(There is a reasonable chance that I 
will go to the party).
She may be at home.
Ela pode estar em casa. / Pode ser que 
ela esteja em casa.
(There is a reasonable chance that 
she will be home).
I may not be the best student in class, but I’m very dedicated.
Eu posso não ser o melhor aluno da turma, mas eu sou muito dedicado.
Be careful with the pieces of news you read on social media. They 
may not be true.
Tenha cuidado com notícias que você lê nas redes sociais. Elas podem 
não ser verdadeiras.
Researchers may not be able to find the cure to some diseases, 
but they’ve been doing their best.
Pesquisadores podem (até) não ser capazes de achar a cura para 
algumas doenças, mas eles têm dado o melhor de si.
MODAL VERB MAY
Expressing Probability
MODAL VERB MAY
Expressing Unlikely Things
The modal verb may can be used to express probability.
In such cases, we are saying that something is likely to happen, that there’s a chance that 
something will happen. For example: 
The modal verb may can also be used to say that there 
is a chance that something does not happen. 
In this case, we use it in the negative form. Take a look: 
Modal Verb May
192
< voltar para o índice
It is rare to see may in the interrogative form to give the idea of probability. 
The interrogative form is used as a formal way to ask for permission. In such 
cases, may is used in questions in the first person, either singular or plural.
When we ask for permission, the interrogative form can only be used in the first person. 
However, when we answer these permission requests, that is, when we give permission or not, we will use 
the aff irmative or the negative forms in the second person. Have a look: 
MODAL VERB MAY
Asking for Permission
MODAL VERB MAY
Giving Permission (or not)
Excuse me, Ms. Sullivan. May I come in?
Com licença, senhora Sullivan. Eu posso entrar?
(May I come in? = First person singular – I).
May we talk to you for a minute, sir?
Nós podemos falar com o senhor por um minuto?
(May we talk…? = First person plural – We).
Asking for permission: Excuse me, Ms. Sullivan. May I come in?
 Com licença, senhora Sullivan. Eu possoentrar?
Giving permission or not: Yes, you may come in. / No, you may not come in.
 Sim, você pode entrar. / Não, você não pode entrar.
Asking for permission: May we talk to you for a minute, sir?
 Nós podemos falar com o senhor por um minuto?
Giving permission or not: Yes, you may. / No, you may not.
 Sim, vocês podem. / Não, vocês não podem.
And now you know how to use the modal verb may. 
Modal Verb May
Grammar
Guide
193
< voltar para o índice
Modal verbs are also known as modal auxiliary verbs because they add meaning to the main verb.
Modal verbs will follow the same sentence structure in the aff irmative, negative, and interrogative 
forms, as you can see in the following table.
MODAL VERBS
Sentence Structure
Affirmative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Negative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Not + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Not + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Interrogative Form
Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Modal Verb + Sujeito + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
You must pay your taxes.
Você tem que pagar seus impostos.
You must be eighteen to drive in some countries.
Você tem que ter dezoito anos para dirigir em alguns países.
MODAL VERB MUST
Obligation/Necessity
Must is used in the aff irmative form to express obligation or necessity. 
For example:
Modal Verb Must
194
< voltar para o índice
John’s son was born. He must be very happy.
O filho do John nasceu. Ele deve estar muito feliz.
It must be nice to be rich.
Deve ser legal ser rico.
You must not (mustn’t) drink and drive.
Você não pode beber e dirigir.
Visitors must not (mustn’t) cross this line. This is a restricted area.
Os visitantes não podem cruzar esta linha. Esta é uma área restrita.
MODAL VERB MUST
Assumption/Deduction
MODAL VERB MUST
Prohibition
It can also be used to make assumptions or deductions in the aff irmative form. Have a look:
In the negative form, however, must is used to express prohibition. We generally 
use the contracted form, mustn’t. If you wish to emphasize the prohibition, use 
must not. For example: 
Must is rarely used in the interrogative form, but it can be used to confirm or to 
double-check duties and obligations. For instance: 
MODAL VERB MUST
Confirm and Double-check Duties and Obligation
Must I take the exam today? I didn’t know that.
Eu tenho que fazer a prova hoje? Eu não sabia disso.
Eu sou obrigado a fazer a prova hoje? Eu não sabia disso.
Mustn’t you be at the job interview at 9h? It’s 8:30h already.
Você não tem que estar na entrevista de emprego às 9h? Já são 8:30h.
Você não tem a obrigação de estar na entrevista às 9h? Já são 8:30h.
And this is how you use the modal verb must. 
Modal Verb Must
Grammar
Guide
195
< voltar para o índice
Modal Verbs are also known as modal auxiliary verbs because they add meaning to the main 
verb. They express possibility, probability, ability, permission, assumption, obligation, or 
prohibition.
The structure of the modal verbs follows the same pattern. Check the following table.
In some cases, the modal verb would is used as a softer and less definitive form of the modal will, 
or as the past of will when we are reporting sentences.
Expressing hypothesis is one of the most common uses of the modal verb would. And since it is 
used to express hypothetical situations, you’ll see that it is used in many conditional sentences.
In such cases, we’ll use a clause with would to refer to unreal or uncertain situations together with 
an if-clause.
MODAL VERBS
Sentence Structure
Affirmative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Negative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Not + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Not + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Interrogative Form
Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Modal Verb + Sujeito + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Modal Verb Would
196
< voltar para o índice
We can also use would to make polite requests. If we observe it carefully, we’ll see that it’s still 
a request made from a hypothetical perspective, but now you are actually asking something 
from someone.
MODAL VERB WOULD
Polite Requests and Offers
If I had a lot of money, I would travel the world.
Se eu tivesse muito dinheiro, viajaria pelo mundo.
(I don’t have a lot of money. So, traveling the world is just a hypothetical situation.)
Would you invite your boss for your birthday?
Você convidaria o seu chefe para o seu aniversário?
(The question is asked out of curiosity. It’s a hypothetical situation.)
If I were you, I wouldn’t go to the Caribbean now. It’s hurricane season.
Se eu fosse você, eu não iria para o Caribe agora. É temporada de furacão.
(It’s a hypothetical situation because I am not you, and I am not going to the Caribbean.)
MODAL VERB WOULD
Hypothesis
Polite Requests Polite Offers
Would you help me with my project? Would you like some coffee?
Você me ajudaria com o meu projeto? Você aceitaria um café?
Would you go to the grocery store for me? Would you like me to drive you home?
Você iria ao supermercado para mim? Você gostaria que eu te levasse para casa?
Modal Verb Would
197
< voltar para o índice
And this is how you use the modal verb would. 
Would is also used to talk about a past habit or to express refusal in the past.
We can use would in expressions too. Would rather is used to say we prefer 
one thing to another. Most of the time, we use the contracted form, which is I’d 
rather.
Another commonly used expression with would is “would mind.” We use it to ask for favors or permission. 
But the structure is a bit different. Check it out in the following box. 
I asked her what was going on, but she wouldn’t tell me.
Perguntei o que estava acontecendo, mas ela não quis me dizer.
(I asked her in the past and she refused to tell me.)
When I was younger, I would argue with my brother all the time.
Quando eu era mais novo, eu discutia com meu irmão o tempo todo.
(It was a typical behavior in the past.)
I’d rather stay home tonight. I’m tired.
Eu prefiro f icar em casa hoje à noite. Estou cansado(a).
MODAL VERB WOULD
Talk about a past habit or express refusal in the past
MODAL VERB WOULD
Expressions – Would Rather
MODAL VERB WOULD
Expressions – Would Mind
Asking for a favor Asking for permission
Would you mind opening the window? Would you mind if I opened the window?
Você se importaria de abrir a janela? Você se importaria se eu abrisse a janela?
(Would you mind + verb in the -ING form) (Would you mind if + subject + verb in the past)
Modal Verb Would
Grammar
Guide
198
< voltar para o índice
Ordinal numbers are used to show the order of things or the position of 
something on a list of items. 
The most common ones are first, second, and third, especially when referring 
to competitions in which the f irst place is the champion, and then there are the 
second and third places.
We will use the end of the word to write the abbreviations of ordinal numbers. 
Therefore, we use st after the number 1 to refer to first, nd after the number 2 to 
refer to second, and rd after the number 3 to refer to third.
This is how we abbreviate ordinal numbers. Take a look at the box.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
 FIRST = 1st
 SECOND = 2nd 
 THIRD = 3rd
Other ordinal numbers that do not end in one, two, or three will be written with 
a f inal th. For example, fourth, seventh, eleventh, and twentieth. So this is also 
how we will write the numbers—followed by “th.”
Concerning ordinal numbers that end in a unit, only the unit is read as an 
ordinalnumber. For example, we’ll say twenty-first (21st), twenty-second 
(22nd), and so on. Check more examples in the following table.
Ordinal Numbers
199
< voltar para o índice
One of the tallest rooftops in Europe is on the ninety-fifth floor of Tower Vostok in Moscow.
Um dos terraços mais altos da Europa f ica no nonagésimo quinto andar da Torre Vostok, em Moscou.
I’ll spend my thirty-seventh birthday in Italy.
Eu vou passar o meu trigésimo sétimo aniversário na Itália.
The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece, in 1896.
Os primeiros Jogos Olímpicos modernos foram realizados em Atenas, Grécia, em 1896.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Order of things or events
 1st – first 10th – tenth 20th – twentieth
 2nd – second 11th – eleventh 21st – twenty-first
 3rd – third 12th – twelfth 22nd – twenty-second
 4th – fourth 14th – fourteenth 40th – fortieth
 5th – fifth 15th – fifteenth 50th – fiftieth
 6th – sixth 16th – sixteenth 60th – sixtieth
 7th – seventh 17th – seventeenth 70th – seventieth
 8th – eighth 18th – eighteenth 80th – eightieth
 9th – ninth 19th – nineteenth 90th – ninetieth
We use ordinal numbers to show the order of things or events. 
ORDINAL NUMBERS
In English, ordinal numbers are also used in dates. So, we may or may not use the article before the ordinal 
number in spoken language.
My birthday is on May 17th.
(My birthday is on May seventeenth.)
(My birthday is on May the seventeenth.)
O meu aniversário é dia 17 de maio.
New Year’s Eve is on December 31st.
(New Year’s Eve is on December thirty-first.)
(New Year’s Eve is on December the thirty-first.)
A véspera de Ano Novo é 31 de dezembro.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Days of the Month
Ordinal Numbers
200
< voltar para o índice
When referring to days of the month, we can always use ordinal numbers. But 
sometimes, especially in American English, cardinal numbers are also used to 
refer to days of the month.
We’ll also use cardinal numbers whenever referring to years, but when referring 
to centuries, that is, a period of 100 years, we’ll always use ordinal numbers.
The 18th century is also known as the Age of Enlightenment.
O século XVIII também é conhecido como a Era do Iluminismo.
The 21st century brings complex challenges to society.
O século XXI traz desafios complexos para a sociedade.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Centuries
And this is how you use ordinal numbers.
Ordinal numbers are also used to read titles of queens and kings. They will be spelled in 
Roman numerals but read as ordinal numbers proceeded by the article the.
Henry VIII was the King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547.
(Henry the eighth was the King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547.)
Henrique VIII foi o rei da Inglaterra de 1509 até a sua morte em 1547.
Elizabeth II is the Queen of the United Kingdom.
(Elizabeth the second is the Queen of the United Kingdom).
Elizabeth II é a rainha do Reino Unido.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Queens and Kings’ Titles
Ordinal Numbers
Grammar
Guide
201
< voltar para o índice
I have to be at the airport at 8 in the morning on Monday.
Eu tenho que estar no aeroporto às 8 da manhã na segunda-feira.
(At indicates the scheduled time, in, the period of the day, 
and on, the day of the week.)
Prepositions are used to indicate location, time, or to introduce an object. 
They often have different functions and purposes.
Prepositions of time are used to convey a notion of time.
In, on, and at are prepositions commonly used to refer to place 
or time. In this grammar guide, we’ll cover the use of these prepositions when 
referring to time, but if you want to learn more about how to use them to refer 
to places, you can check the topic “Prepositions of place.”
Check out an example in context to understand when to use prepositions of time.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Now, we’ll go over each of these prepositions separately. We’ll start with the preposition IN referring to time. 
 Months in July
 Meses em julho
 Years in 1776
 Anos em 1776
 Decades in the 80s
 Décadas nos anos 80
 Parts of the day in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening
 Partes do dia de manhã / à tarde / à noite
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - IN
 Centuries in the 18th century
 Séculos no século XVIII
 Ages in the Middle Ages
 Eras/Idade Na Idade Média
Prepositions of Time
202
< voltar para o índice
The preposition ON is used to talk about days and dates. The 
days can be the days of the week, holidays, dates, or specif ic days.
 Days of the week on Sunday
 Dias da semana no domingo
 Dates on July 4, 1776
 Datas em 4 de julho de 1776
 Specific days on my birthday
 Dias específ icos no meu aniversário
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - ON
We use AT for scheduled time, holidays, and before some parts of the day as well.
 Scheduled time at 9 a.m./9 o’clock / at 9:30 / at midday / at midnight
 Hora marcada às 9h da manhã / às 9:30 / ao meio-dia / à meia-noite
 Parts of the day at dawn / at dusk / at night
 Partes do dia ao amanhecer / ao anoitecer / à noite
 Holidays at Christmas / at Easter
 Feriados no natal / na páscoa
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - AT
There are other prepositions used to indicate time. 
Prepositions of Time
203
< voltar para o índice
Since is used to indicate a starting point in the past. During is used to talk about a 
period of time. And for is used to refer to how long an action or a situation lasts.
It’s been raining nonstop since yesterday.
Está chovendo sem parar desde ontem.
(Since, as a preposition of time, emphasizes when the action 
that is still happening started in the past.)
I lived in New York for eight years.
Eu morei em Nova York por 8 anos.
(For is being used to refer to this eight-year period.)
I’ll work as a trainee during the summer.
Vou trabalhar de estagiário(a) durante o verão.
(It can be either at one point in that period of time or through this whole period.)
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Since, During, and For
Other common prepositions are before and after. Before means earlier in time, 
and after means later than something.
We need to be at Mark’s house before 7 p.m. because it’s a surprise party.
Precisamos estar na casa de Mark antes das 19h porque é uma festa surpresa.
(It has to be earlier than 7 p.m., not at 7 or after 7.)
We can meet after 5.
Podemos nos encontrar depois das 5h.
(I am available later, after 5 o’clock, not before.)
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Before and After 
Prepositions of Time
204
< voltar para o índice
Other two common prepositions of time are until and by. They are usually followed 
by time expressions.
The use of these two prepositions might be confusing. Until focuses on a process 
that happens up to a certain point in time, and by means before or not later than 
a particular time, and it’s commonly used for deadlines. So, let’s compare some 
sentences so we can understand them better.
You can work on the report until Friday.
Você pode trabalhar no relatório até sexta.
(That means this is an action that will keep on happening until Friday.)
You have to send me the report by Friday.
Você tem que me mandar o relatório no máximo até sexta.
(It’s a deadline, and you can send it to me any day but not later than Friday.)
I’m going to read it on Friday.
Vou lê-lo na sexta.
(Here, it is the exact day.)
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Until and By
Now you know what prepositions are, and you’ve seen some examples on how 
to use common prepositions of time.
Prepositions of Time
Grammar
Guide
205
< voltar para o índice
The present continuous is mainly used to talk about actions and events in 
progress at the moment or about temporary states or situations that are true at 
the moment of speaking. 
The basic structure of the present continuous is the verb to be, which works as 
an auxiliary, and a main verb in the -ING form. The verb to be will be conjugated 
according to the subject. Take a look at its structure:
Affirmative
Subject + To Be + Verb in the -ING Form + Complement
I am watching a movie.
Eu estou assistindo a um filme.
Negative
Subject + ToBe + Not + Verb in the -ING Form + Complement
I am not hearing you.
Eu não estou te ouvindo.
Interrogative
To Be + Subject + Verb in the -ING Form + Complement
Are you taking your pills?
Você está tomando os seus remédios?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Structure
Present Continuous
206
< voltar para o índice
We can use the present continuous to talk about 
changes that take time.
It’s getting easier every day.
Está f icando mais fácil a cada dia.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Gradual Change
The present continuous can also be used to describe 
actions that are repeated or frequent, but that we 
believe to be a temporary situation, different from our 
routine. 
I am working a lot this week.
Estou trabalhando muito nesta semana.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Repeated Temporary Actions and Events
The present continuous is also used to talk about future 
events that have been previously arranged or planned.
I am getting married next week.
Vou me casar na próxima semana.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Future
Some verbs are not used in the continuous form, 
even if they refer to temporary situations or things 
that are happening now. They are called non-
progressive verbs, and they express feelings, like 
the verbs to love and to hate; mental states and 
opinions, like the verbs to believe, to guess, and to 
agree; and senses, like the verbs to see and to hear. 
I like this book.
NOT: I am liking this book.
Eu gosto desse livro.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Non-progressive Verbs
Present Continuous
207
< voltar para o índice
Some of these non-progressive verbs can be used with continuous forms, 
but they will have different meanings.
I see someone at the door.
Eu estou vendo alguém na porta.
I have two pieces of luggage. 
Eu tenho duas malas.
I am seeing someone. 
Eu estou saindo com alguém. 
I am having breakfast at the hotel restaurant.
Eu estou tomando café da manhã no restaurante do hotel.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Non-progressive Verbs in Continuous Forms: Different Meaning
Now you know what the present continuous is all about: you’ve seen its 
structure, some examples, and how to properly use it.
Present Continuous
Grammar
Guide
208
< voltar para o índice
Common question words include what, when, where, which, why, who, 
and how. In this grammar guide, we’ll focus on the question word how.
The question word how means “in what way” or “to what extent” and, like all 
the other question words, it can be used in direct and indirect questions.
QUESTION WORD HOW
Direct and Indirect Questions
How are you feeling?
Como você está se sentindo?
(Direct Question: How + Structure of the Interrogative Form)
Can you tell me how you are feeling?
Você pode me dizer como está se sentindo?
(Indirect Question: How + Structure of the Affirmative Form)
The structure for direct questions is the question word followed by the 
interrogative form, and it can be used with different verb forms. 
In the simple present, we can use how with the verb to be or with other verbs. 
The difference is that when the verb to be is the main verb, we do not use an 
auxiliary verb. For all the other verbs, an auxiliary must be used to create the 
questions.
Check out some examples:
QUESTION WORD HOW
Simple Present
Structure: How + Verb To Be + Subject + Complement (if necessary)
How are the kids?
Como estão as crianças?
(main verb is the verb to be = do not use an auxiliary verb)
Question Word How 
209
< voltar para o índice
Structure: How + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form 
+ Complement (if necessary)
How do you go to work?
Como você vai para o trabalho?
(main verb is not the verb to be = the auxiliary verb do must be used)
Structure: How + Verb to Be + Subject + Complement (if necessary)
How was the game?
Como foi o jogo?
(main verb is the verb to be = do not use an auxiliary verb)
Structure: How + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + 
Complement (if necessary)
How did you go to the game?
Como você foi para o jogo?
(main verb is not the verb to be = the auxiliary verb did must be used)
How can also be used in the simple past, and the structure will follow the same 
pattern of the simple present. The difference is that the verb to be or the auxiliary 
verb will be conjugated in the past. 
The question word how can also be used with continuous forms such as the 
present and the past continuous. In this case, we’ll use how followed by the 
interrogative form of these structures.
For the interrogative form of the present and past continuous, the verb to be 
works as an auxiliary verb, followed by the subject, the main verb in the -ING 
form, and a complement, if necessary.
QUESTION WORD HOW
Simple Past
Question Word How
210
< voltar para o índice
Structure: How + Verb to Be + Subject + Main Verb in the -ING Form + 
Complement (if necessary)
How are you organizing your tasks?
Como você está organizando as suas tarefas?
(I am asking about an action that is in progress now)
How were you feeling when you started therapy?
Como você estava se sentindo quando iniciou a terapia?
(I asked about a feeling that was going on before the person decided to start therapy)
QUESTION WORD HOW
Present and Past Continuous
It is also possible to use how with perfect forms such as the present perfect and 
the present perfect continuous.
Structure: How + Verb To Have + Subject + 
Main Verb in the Past Participle + Complement (if necessary)
How have you been?
Como você tem passado?
(I want to know how this person has been lately or since I last saw him or her)
Structure: How + Verb To Have + Subject + Been + 
Main Verb in the –ING Form + Complement (if necessary)
How have you been dealing with this situation?
Como você tem lidado com essa situação?
(It’s an ongoing situation that started in the past and is still going on)
QUESTION WORD HOW
Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous
Question Word How
211
< voltar para o índice
Structure: How + Modal Verb + Subject + 
Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
How should we help her?
Como devemos ajudá-la?
(Should works as an auxiliary, and it was used to ask for 
guidance or recommendation)
How can we go to the party?
Como podemos ir para a festa?
(Can works as an auxiliary, and it shows the idea of possibility)
We also use how with modal 
verbs. In this case, they come right 
after the question word.
If you want to ask more specif ic questions using how, you can use an 
adjective or an adverb after it. Check out the examples.
How old is your brother?
Quantos anos seu irmão tem?
(How + Old = Age)
How much is this T-shirt?
Quanto custa esta camiseta?
(How + Much = Amount or Price)
How often do you go to the gym?
Com que frequência você vai à academia?
(How + Often = Frequency)
How many people were there at the concert?
Quantas pessoas havia no show?
(How + Many = Quantity)
How far is San Diego from Los Angeles?
Quão distante é San Diego de Los Angeles? / Qual é a distância de San Diego a Los Angeles?
(How + Far = Distance)
QUESTION WORD HOW
Modal Verbs
QUESTION WORD HOW
Other Possibilities
How long does it take to get there?
Qual tempo demora/leva para chegar lá?
(How + Long = Duration)
How tall is your brother?
Qual é a altura do seu irmão?
(How + Tall = Height for People)
How high is Mount Everest?
Quão alto é o Monte Everest? / Qual é a altura / o tamanho do Monte Everest?
(How + High = Height for Places)
Question Word How
212
< voltar para o índice
How can also be used with prepositions such as about. There are 
two ways we can use it—to offer something or to make a suggestion.
In spoken English, there is a very common expression with how—how come. It is 
used to ask about the reason why something has happened. We could say that how 
come is an informal way to ask “why.”
How come can also be used to show surprise. There is an important detail in the 
structure of the question, though: how come is always followed by the affirmative 
form, regardless of the verb form. 
How about a cup of coffee?Que tal uma xícara de café?
(How + About + Noun = Offer)
How about going to the movies?
Que tal irmos ao cinema?
(How + About + Verb in the –ING Form = Suggestion)
How come she went to the party alone?
Como assim ela foi à festa sozinha?
(How Come + Structure of the Affirmative Form in the Simple Past)
How come she is not here?
Como é que ela não está aqui?
Como pode ela não estar aqui?
(How Come + Affirmative Form of the Simple Present)
HOW ABOUT
Offers and Suggestions 
HOW ABOUT
Reason and Surprise (Informal)
Question Word How
213
< voltar para o índice
We can also use how in exclamations. It can either be followed by a complete 
sentence or by an adjective. It’s important to notice, though, that what can also 
be used in exclamations.
The difference is that when there is either a complete sentence or only an 
adjective, you’ll use how. However, in the case of the structure adjective + noun 
or just a noun, you’ll have to use what.
Compare the difference:
How + Complete Sentence
How I love this city!
Como eu amo essa cidade!
(How + Subject “I” + Main Verb “love” + Complement “this city”)
How + Adjective
How beautiful!
Que bonito!
(How + Adjective “beautiful”)
What + (Article) + Adjective + Noun
What a beautiful city!
Que cidade bonita!
(What + Article “a” + Adjective “beautiful” + Noun “city”)
HOW AND WHAT
Exclamation
And now you know different ways to use the question word how, it’s meaning, structures in 
different verb forms, as well as how to use it in exclamations.
Question Word How
Grammar
Guide
214
< voltar para o índice
Question words are used to ask direct and indirect questions. In this grammar 
guide, we’ll focus on the question word what, which is used to ask general 
questions.
In most cases, the structure of direct and indirect questions follows this pattern:
But when we ask direct questions with the question word what, there are three 
possible structures.
What is your favorite color?
Qual é a sua cor favorita?
(Direct Question: Question Word + Interrogative Form)
Tell me what your favorite color is.
Diga-me qual é a sua cor favorita.
(Indirect Question: Question Word + Affirmative Form)
1. What + Interrogative Form
2. What + Verb in the Third Person Singular + Complement
3. What + Noun + Interrogative Form
QUESTION WORD WHAT
Direct and Indirect Questions
QUESTION WORD WHAT
Structure – Direct Questions
Question Word 
What 
215
< voltar para o índice
Let’s analyze each structure, starting with the f irst one, which is the question 
word what followed by an interrogative form. This structure can be used with 
any verb form. 
Let’s see some examples:
What does she want for breakfast?
O que ela quer de café da manhã?
(Simple Present: Question Word + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + 
Main Verb in its Base Form + Complement)
What did you do yesterday?
O que você fez ontem?
(Simple Past: Question Word + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + 
Main Verb in its Base Form + Complement)
What were you doing last week?
O que você estava fazendo semana passada?
(Past Continuous: Question Word + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + 
Main Verb in the –ING Form + Complement)
What have you been doing lately?
O que você tem feito ultimamente?
(Present Perfect: Question Word + 1st Auxiliary + Subject + 2nd Auxiliary + 
Main Verb in the –ING Form + Complement)
What would you do with a million dollars?
O que você faria com um milhão de dólares?
(Simple Present: Question Word + Modal Verb + Subject + 
Main Verb in its Base Form + Complement)
QUESTION WORD WHAT
What + Interrogative Form
Question Word What
216
< voltar para o índice
It is important to notice that the structure what + interrogative form will never be used for 
questions about the subject of the sentence. When we follow this structure, it means that the 
subject is included in the given question.
Let’s take a closer look:
(The question is not about who performs the action, but about what the person 
wants. The subject “she” is part of the question. The core answer is “eggs and toast.”)
(Não tem relação com o sujeito, mas com o que o sujeito quer fazer. 
O sujeito “ela” é parte da pergunta. A resposta central é “ovos e torradas”.)
(It’s not about who was performing the action, but what the person was doing. 
The subject “you,” which is part of the question, becomes “I” in the answer. 
And the core answer is “traveling.”)
(Não tem relação com quem estava fazendo a ação, mas com o que a pessoa estava 
fazendo. O sujeito “você”, que é parte da pergunta, vira “eu” na resposta. 
A resposta central é “viajando”.)
QUESTION WORD WHAT
What + Interrogative Form
What were you doing last week?
O que você estava fazendo semana passada?
I was traveling.
 Eu estava viajando.
What does she want for breakfast?
O que ela quer de café da manhã?
She wants eggs and toast.
 Ela quer ovos e torradas.
Question Word What
217
< voltar para o índice
But it is possible to ask questions with the question word what to learn about the subject of a sentence. 
In such cases, we will use the structure: What + Verb in The Third Person Singular + Complement.
Check the following examples:
QUESTION WORD WHAT
What + Verb in Third Person Singular (+ Complement)
(The core answer is “spending time with my family,” which is the subject of the answer and is not 
part of the question. That is why the verb in question is in the third person singular “makes.”)
(A resposta central é “passar tempo com a minha família”, que é o sujeito da resposta e não faz parte da 
pergunta. Por isso o verbo da pergunta está na terceira pessoa do singular “makes”, deixa.)
(The core answer is “a music festival,” which is the subject of the answer and is not part 
of the question. That is why the verb in question is in the third person singular “is.”)
(A resposta central é “um festival de música”, que é o sujeito da resposta e não faz parte 
da pergunta. Por isso o verbo da pergunta está na terceira pessoa do singular “is”, está.)
(The core answer is “not having money to pay their bills,” which is the subject of the answer and is 
not part of the question. That is why the verb in question is in the third person singular “is.”)
(A resposta central é “não ter dinheiro para pagar suas contas”, que é o sujeito da resposta e não faz 
parte da pergunta. Por isso o verbo da pergunta está na terceira pessoa do singular “is”, está.)
What makes you happy?
O que deixa você feliz?
There are so many people here. What’s happening?
Tem tanta gente aqui. O que está acontecendo?
Spending time with my family makes me happy.
Passar tempo com a minha família me deixa feliz.
Not having money to pay their bills (is bothering them).
Não ter dinheiro para pagar as suas contas (está incomodando-os).
A music festival (is happening here).
Um festival de música (está acontecendo aqui).
What’s bothering them?
O que está incomodando-os?
Question Word What
218
< voltar para o índice
Let’s take a closer look and analyze the structure of the examples 
we have previously seen.
If you want to ask a more specific question using what, place a noun right after 
the question word.
What time do you usually wake up?
A que horas você geralmente acorda?
(What + time = used to ask about the hour)
What kind of music do you like?
De que tipo de música você gosta?
(What + kind = used to ask about the specif ic type of a thing)
What size do you need?
De que tamanho você precisa?
(What + size = used to ask about size)
QUESTION WORD WHAT
What + Noun + Interrogative Form
What + Verb in the Third Person Singular + Complement (if necessary)
 
What makes you happy?
 
What’s happening?
What’s bothering them?
QUESTION WORD WHAT
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
Question Word What
219
< voltar para o índice
There are still some special cases, such as what + about. It is used 
to make an offer or to ask about your opinion or how you feel about 
something.
QUESTION WORD WHAT
Special Cases – What About
In informal conversations, there are somecommon 
expressions with the question word what.
What’s up?
E aí?
What now?
O que agora?
QUESTION WORD WHAT
Expressions
What about going to the movies?
Que tal irmos ao cinema?
How are you?
Como vai você?
Great idea.
Ótima ideia.
I’m fine, thanks. What about you?
Eu estou bem. E você?
Question Word What
220
< voltar para o índice
The question word what can also be used in exclamations to express surprise, 
shock, or emotions. In this case, we use: what + an article + (an adjective) + 
a noun. We may or may not include the adjective, but the noun must always be 
there in exclamations with what.
Structure: What + Article + (Adjective) + Noun
What a (beautiful) place!
Que lugar (bonito)!
(What + Article “a” + (Adjective “beautiful”) + Noun “place”)
What a great song!
Que música ótima!
(What + Article “a” + Adjective “great” + Noun “song”)
What a (nice) gesture!
Que gesto (legal)!
(What + Article “a” + (Adjective “nice”) + Noun “gesture)
What a song!
Que música!
(What + Article “a” + Noun “song”)
QUESTION WORD WHAT
Exclamations
Now you know different ways in which you can use the question word what, the structure used 
with different verb forms, as well as how to use it in exclamations and expressions.
Question Word What
221
Grammar
Guide
< voltar para o índice
Question words are used to ask direct and indirect questions. Common 
question words include what, when, where, which, why, who, and how. 
In this grammar guide, we’ll focus on the question word when, which is used to 
ask or to explain at what occasion or moment something takes place.
Check out some examples of when used in direct and indirect questions:
When
Quando
When are you traveling?
Quando você viaja?
(Direct Question: When + Structure of the Interrogative Form)
Tell me when you are going to travel.
Me diga quando você vai viajar.
(Indirect Question: When + Structure of the Affirmative Form)
Could you tell me when you are going to travel?
Você poderia me dizer quando você vai viajar?
(Indirect Question: When + Structure of the Affirmative Form)
QUESTION WORD WHEN
QUESTION WORD WHEN
Direct and Indirect Questions
In general, the structure to make these interrogative sentences is the question 
word when followed by the structure of the interrogative form, which can be 
used with different verb forms. 
Question Word 
When 
222
< voltar para o índice
In the simple forms, when the verb to be is the main verb of the sentence, there is no auxiliary. 
For all the other verbs, you’ll need the auxiliary verb to make an interrogative sentence. 
Structure: When + Verb To Be + Subject + Complement
When are you free?
Quando você está livre?
(are = simple present)
When was she born?
Quando ela nasceu?
(was = simple past)
Structure: When + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + 
Complement (if necessary)
When does she have English classes?
Quando ela tem aulas de inglês?
(does = auxiliary for the simple present)
When did you start college?
Quando você começou a faculdade?
(did = auxiliary for the simple past)
QUESTION WORD WHEN
Simple Forms – Simple Present and Simple Past
We can use when with continuous forms such as the present continuous to 
indicate actions in the future. 
Structure: When + Verb To Be + Subject + Main Verb in the –ING Form + 
Complement (if necessary)
When are you moving to Italy?
Quando você se mudará para a Itália?
QUESTION WORD WHEN
Continuous Forms
Question Word When
223
< voltar para o índice
The same happens with perfect forms. It’s important to notice, though, that most 
perfect forms do not refer to a specific point in time, so questions with perfect 
forms are usually accompanied by an adverb of time. Check out the examples:
PRESENT PERFECT
Structure: When + Verb To Have + Subject + 
Main Verb in the Past Participle + Complement (if necessary)
When has she ever helped her parents?
Quando na vida ela ajudou seus pais?
(Rhetorical question reinforced by the adverb “ever”)
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Structure: When + Verb To Have + Subject + Been + 
Main Verb in the -ING Form + Complement (if necessary)
Since when have you been studying?
Desde quando você está estudando?
(The adverb “since” is used to ask about a starting point)
QUESTION WORD WHEN
Perfect Forms
It’s important to notice that if we want to ask about the specific 
time when an activity or event starts or ends, the preferred 
question is “what time,” not “when.” 
What time did you leave work yesterday?
A que horas você saiu do trabalho ontem?
When did you leave work yesterday?
Quando você saiu do trabalho ontem?
QUESTION WORDS
Specific Time
And now you know what a question word is and how to use the question 
word when with different verb forms.
Question Word When
Grammar
Guide
224
< voltar para o índice
 Verb To Be Other Verbs
Interrogative Is she a teacher? Does she work as a teacher?
 Ela é professora? Ela trabalha como professora?
Negative She isn’t a teacher. She doesn’t work as a teacher.
 Ela não é professora. Ela não trabalha como professora.
The simple present was divided into two grammar guides, and we did that 
because there is an important difference in structure.
In this grammar guide, we’ll talk about the simple present with verbs that are not 
the verb to be, that is, all the other verbs. 
When we use the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary verb to make interrogative 
and negative sentences. But when we use other verbs, we need to use the 
auxiliary verb. The auxiliary verb for the simple present is do or does, according to 
the subject. 
Check out the difference in the box.
SIMPLE PRESENT
The basic structure for the aff irmative form is the SVC structure, that is, subject, 
main verb, and complement. And the verb conjugation works like this: we’ll use the 
base form of the verb for all persons, except for the third person singular. In this 
case, we’ll add –S, –ES, or –IES to the end of the verb, depending on how it’s spelled. 
Simple Present -
Other Verbs 
225
< voltar para o índice
Usage of the Auxiliary Do 
I do have the right to speak my mind.
Eu tenho (sim) o direito de dar minha opinião.
(The verb “do” is used as an auxiliary. So it does not have a meaning, but a function). 
(O verbo “do” é usado como auxiliar. Portanto, não tem um signif icado, mas uma função).
If you want to learn more about the third person spelling rules, you can check the grammar 
guide on this topic. However, most verbs will only take a final S in the third person singular, 
as you can see in the following table. 
SIMPLE PRESENT
Affirmative Form: Adding Emphasis
Notice that we do not use the auxiliary verb in the affirmative form. But it’s possible to use it to 
add emphasis to a statement. In that case, the auxiliary verb is placed before the main verb. 
 Singular Plural
 I work here. We work here.
 Eu trabalho aqui. Nós trabalhamos aqui.
 You work here. You work here.
 Você trabalha aqui. Vocês trabalham aqui.
 He works here.
 Ele trabalha aqui.
 She works here. They work here.
 Ela trabalha aqui. Eles/Elas trabalham aqui.
 It works for now.
 Isso funciona por enquanto.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Affirmative Form
Second person
Third person
First person
Simple Present - Other Verbs
226
< voltar para o índice
Thus, it is possible to use the auxiliary with the simple present in the aff irmative form, but it’s also important 
to notice that it adds emphasis to the sentence, which means that it is only going to happen in very specif ic 
contexts.
As for the negative and interrogative forms, the auxiliary do is not optional, it’s necessary.
The basic structure for the negative form is the subject, the auxiliary verb do conjugated according to the 
subject, the negative particle not, the main verb in its base form, and the complement, if necessary.
You should pay close attention to the third person singular. In both negative and interrogative forms, the 
conjugation goes in the auxiliary verb, that is, we will use does, and, because of that, themain verb goes 
back to its base form.
 Singular Plural
 I don’t work here. We don’t work here.
 Eu não trabalho aqui. Nós não trabalhamos aqui.
 You don’t work here. You don’t work here.
 Você não trabalha aqui. Vocês não trabalham aqui.
 He doesn’t work here.
 Ele não trabalha aqui.
 She doesn’t work here. They don’t work here.
 Ela não trabalha aqui. Eles/Elas não trabalham aqui.
 It doesn’t work for now.
 (Isso) não funciona por enquanto.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Negative Form
Second person
Third person
First person
Do Not Use the Contracted Form
You do not have the right to shout at people.
Você não tem o direito de gritar com as pessoas.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Negative Form: Adding Emphasis
In informal language, the contracted 
forms don’t (do + not) or doesn’t 
(does + not) are used in most cases. 
In formal written language, we avoid 
using contractions.
On the other hand, in spoken 
language, if we use the full form, 
it probably means we want to add 
emphasis to a negative statement.
Simple Present - Other Verbs
227
< voltar para o índice
I work at a law firm.
Eu trabalho em um escritório de advocacia.
She works a lot.
Ela trabalha muito.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Other Verbs – Uses
The simple present is used to talk 
about facts and to show repetitions, 
habits, or generalizations. 
The basic interrogative form structure in the simple present is the auxiliary verb do conjugated according to 
the subject, the main verb in its base form, and the complement, if necessary.
So the position of the auxiliary verb and the subject is inverted, and, once again, in the third person singular, 
the main verb goes back to its base form, and the auxiliary verb is conjugated. 
Check out the following table:
 Singular Plural
 Do I work here? Do we work here?
 Eu trabalho aqui? Nós trabalhamos aqui?
 Do you work here? Do you work here?
 Você trabalha aqui? Vocês trabalham aqui?
 Does he work here?
 Ele trabalha aqui?
 Does she work here? Do they work here?
 Ela trabalha aqui? Eles/Elas trabalham aqui?
 Does it work for now?
 Isso funciona por enquanto?
SIMPLE PRESENT
Interrogative Form
Second person
Third person
First person
Simple Present - Other Verbs
228
< voltar para o índice
She crosses the street toward him, looks back, and decides to let it go.
Ela atravessa a rua em direção a ele, olha para trás e decide deixar para lá.
He gets the ball, passes through the defense and shoots, but the goalkeeper saves it.
Ele pega a bola, passa pela defesa e chuta, mas o goleiro agarra.
Firefighters save many lives in Brooklyn.
Os bombeiros salvam muitas vidas no Brooklyn.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Other Verbs – Uses
The simple present can convey the idea of immediacy and drama, and that’s why it’s commonly 
used in stories or novels, in sports broadcasting, and in newspaper headlines, even when 
reporting past events. 
It can also be used to present a series of events when we narrate 
something or give instructions and directions.
 First you read the questions, then you have to mark the correct statement.
Primeiro você lê as perguntas, depois você tem que marcar a afirmação correta.
You go straight and turn right on the traffic light.
Você segue em frente e vira à direita no semáforo.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Other Verbs – Uses
Simple Present - Other Verbs
229
< voltar para o índice
In English, some verbs cannot be used in continuous forms. These verbs are 
called non-progressive verbs, and we use them in the simple present. This 
group is divided into different subgroups of verbs. 
Mental process verbs
know, suppose, think, understand
saber, supor, achar, entender
Verbs that describe senses
smell, taste, hear
sentir cheiro, sentir sabor, ouvir
Verbs that express feelings
admire, adore, hate, like, respect
admirar, adorar, detestar, gostar, respeitar
Speech act verbs
promise, swear, agree, deny
prometer, jurar, concordar, negar
SIMPLE PRESENT
Non-progressive Verbs
And now you know the structure and the most common uses of 
the simple present with other verbs.
Simple Present - Other Verbs
Grammar
Guide
230
< voltar para o índice
The simple present is used to talk about factual information or things 
that happen regularly.
SIMPLE PRESENT
This wall is white.
Esta parede é branca.
(It’s a factual piece of information.)
I sleep for 8 or 9 hours a day.
Eu durmo de 8 a 9 horas por dia.
(It’s part of a routine, something I do every day.)
The simple present will be tackled in two different grammar guides. 
In this one, we’ll focus on the simple present sentences in which the 
main verb is the verb to be. 
Check the following table to see the conjugation of the verb to be in 
the simple present. 
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be
 Singular Plural
First person I am We are
Second person You are You are
Third person He/She/It is They are
Simple Present -
Verb To Be
231
< voltar para o índice
There is a different sentence structure for the interrogative, negative, and 
affirmative forms. In affirmative sentences, we’ll frequently use the SVC 
structure, that is, Subject, Verb, and Complement. To make a negative 
statement, you’ll place the negative particle not after the verb. And to ask a 
question, we invert the order and place the verb before the subject.
Affirmative
Subject + Verb To Be + Complement
I’m a writer.
Eu sou escritor.
Negative
Subject + Verb To Be + NOT + Complement
I am not a writer.
Eu não sou escritor.
Interrogative
Verb To Be + Subject + Complement
Are you a writer?
Você é escritor?
 Affirmative Negative
 I’m I’m not
 You’re You aren’t
 He’s/She’s/It’s He/She/It isn’t
 We’re We aren’t
 They’re They aren’t
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Contracted Form
The simple present of the verb to be is commonly 
used in its contracted form, also known as short 
form. Contractions are considered informal, and they 
are very common in everyday situations. However, 
if you want to sound more formal or more emphatic, 
use the full form.
The short or contracted forms can be used in 
affirmative or negative sentences.
Simple Present - Verb To Be
232
< voltar para o índice
Now that you know the conjugation in the plural and singular forms, its structure 
for aff irmative, negative, and interrogative sentences, as well as its full and 
contracted forms, check out the possible uses of the verb to be in the simple 
present. 
It can be used to refer to personal information such as name, age, profession, 
marital status, and nationality.
I am thirsty.
Eu estou com sede.
(It’s a state. Something I am experiencing now.)
I am skinny.
Eu sou magro(a).
(It refers to a physical characteristic.)
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
We can also use the verb to be followed by an adjective to talk about permanent 
or temporary physical characteristics and feelings.
Age
I am 36 years old.
Eu tenho 36 anos.
Profession
I am an architect.
Eu sou arquiteta.
Name
I am Sophie.
Eu sou Sophie.
My name is Sophie.
O meu nome é Sophie.
Nationality
I am French.
Eu sou francesa.
Marital Status
I am single.
Eu sou solteira.
Simple Present - Verb To Be
233
< voltar para o índice
The verb to be in the simple present is also used to talk about permanent or 
temporary qualities or states, personal characteristics, or mood.
I am stressed.
Eu estou estressado(a).
(It’s a current mood or a temporary state.)
I am a stressed person.
Eu sou uma pessoa estressada.
(It’s part of my personality.)
It’s eleven o’clock.
São onze horas.
Our meeting is on December 3rd.
A nossa reunião é no dia 3 de dezembro.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
The verb to be in the simple present is also used to talk about time and dates.
We can use the verb to be in the simple present to refer to places and locations as well.
I am at the mall.
Eu estou no shopping.
The 9/11 Memorial is in Manhattan.
O memorial do 11 de Setembro é em Manhattan.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
And now you know when and why we use the verb to bein the simple present.
Simple Present - Verb To Be
Grammar
Guide
234
< voltar para o índice
There are spelling rules for the -ING form in English, which means that 
the way we write the verbs will change according to certain rules.
The general rule for the -ING form is that you just add the suff ix -ING.
There are also some special cases. If the verb ends in an E, drop the 
E and add -ING. 
 watch watching
 assistir assitindo
 do doing
 fazer fazendo
 Verbs ending in -E Drop the -E and add -ING
 take taking
 pegar; levar pegando; levando
 make making
 fazer fazendo
SPELLING RULES: -ING FORMS
General Rule – Add -ING.
SPELLING RULES: -ING FORMS
Special Cases
Spelling Rules: 
-ING Forms
235
< voltar para o índice
When the verb has one syllable and ends in CVC, that means, consonant plus 
vowel plus consonant, we will usually double the last consonant and add -ING.
 One-syllable verbs Double the last consonant
 ending in CVC and add -ING
 run running
 correr correndo
 get getting
 pegar pegando
 swim swimming
 nadar nadando
SPELLING RULES: -ING FORMS
Special Cases
However, if the one-syllable verb that ends in CVC finishes in W, X, or Y, 
there will be no double consonant, we will just add -ING.
 CVC ending in Y, W, and X Add -ING
 enjoy enjoying
 gostar; aproveitar gostando; aproveitando
 show showing
 mostrar mostrando
 
 fix fixing
 consertar consertando
SPELLING RULES: -ING FORMS
Special Cases
Spelling Rules: -ING Forms
236
< voltar para o índice
In the case of two-syllable verbs ending in CVC, there are two rules.
If they end in a stressed syllable, we’ll double the last consonant and add -ING. 
If the last syllable is unstressed, we’ll just add -ING.
Last syllable is stressed
 commit committing
 (se comprometer) (se comprometendo)
Last syllable is unstressed
 whisper whispering
 (sussurrar) (sussurrando)
SPELLING RULES: -ING FORMS
Two-syllable Verbs Ending in CVC
For the verbs ending in IE, we replace IE with Y and add -ING.
 Ending in IE Change IE for Y and add -ING
 
 die dying
 morrer morrendo
 lie lying
 mentir mentindo
 tie tying
 amarrar amarrando
SPELLING RULES: -ING FORMS
Special Cases
Now you know the spelling rules for the -ING forms.
Spelling Rules: -ING Forms
Grammar
Guide
237
< voltar para o índice
 work works
 trabalhar trabalha
 like likes
 gostar gosta
 go goes
 ir vai
 kiss kisses
 beijar beija
When we use the verbs in the third person singular in the simple present, there 
are some specif ic spelling rules, which refer to how these verbs are written.
The third person is always about someone or something else. In the singular, 
it will be used with nouns or pronouns that refer to a masculine noun or the 
pronoun he, to a feminine noun or the pronoun she, and to a thing, idea, or 
object or the pronoun it.
Remember that in the negative and interrogative forms of the simple present, 
the main verb remains in its base form for all persons. Thus, the third person 
conjugation in the simple present will only be used in the main verb when it is 
in the affirmative form. 
The general rule is that you add -S to the verb.
For the verbs ending in O, S, X, CH, SH, or Z, we ADD -ES.
SPELLING RULES: THIRD PERSON
General Rule – Add -S
SPELLING RULES: THIRD PERSON
Verbs Ending in O, S, X, CH, SH, Z – Add -ES
Spelling Rules: 
Third Person
238
< voltar para o índice
When the verb ends in Y and it is preceded by a consonant, drop the Y and add -IES.
SPELLING RULES: THIRD PERSON
Verbs Ending in Consonant + Y - Drop the Y, Add -IES
 carry carries
 carregar carrega
 study studies
 estudar estuda
 try tries
 tentar tenta
 fix fixes
 consertar conserta
 
 watch watches
 assistir assiste
 
 crash crashes
 bater bate
 
 buzz buzzes
 vibrar vibra
 have has
 ter tem
The verb to have is an exception: in the third person singular, we’ll drop VE and add -S.
SPELLING RULES: THIRD PERSON
Exception: To Have – Drop VE, add -S
And now you know the spelling rules for the verbs inflected in the third person singular 
in affirmative sentences in the simple present.
Spelling Rules: Third Person
Grammar
Guide
239
< voltar para o índice
Structure: The + Adjective/Adverb -EST + Noun
It was the longest distance I’ve run.
Foi a maior distância que eu já corri.
Structure: The + Most/Least + Long Adjective/Adverb + Noun
Tokyo is one of the most populated cities in the world.
Tóquio é uma das cidades mais populosas do mundo.
This is the least interesting episode of the season.
Este é o episódio menos interessante da temporada.
Superlatives are used to compare a person, thing, or idea to the group to 
which they belong. We use different structures for short and long adjectives 
or adverbs.
The structure used with short adjectives or adverbs, that is, one-syllable 
adjectives or adverbs, is the following:
And the following table shows the structure for long adjectives or adverbs.
SUPERLATIVES
Short Adjectives and Adverbs
SUPERLATIVES
Long Adjectives and Adverbs
Superlatives
240
< voltar para o índice
It is important to pay attention to some spelling rules as well. For the short 
adjectives or adverbs, the general rule is to add -EST to the end.
There are other spelling cases. For the short adjectives or adverbs finishing in E, 
we add -ST.
 Adjective/Adverb The + Superlative
 long the longest
 longo(a) o(a) mais longo(a)
 high the highest
 alto(a) o(a) mais alto(a)
 old the oldest
 velho(a) o(a) mais velho(a)
SUPERLATIVES – SPELLING
Short Adjectives/Adverbs – General Rule: Add -EST
SUPERLATIVES – SPELLING
Short Adjectives/Adverbs – Special Rules
Ending in E: Add -ST
Terminação em E: Adicionar -ST
 Adjective/Adverb The + Superlative
 nice the nicest
 legal o(a) mais legal
 safe the safest
 seguro(a) o(a) mais seguro(a)
Superlatives
241
< voltar para o índice
Ending in Y: Change Y to I and add -EST
Terminação em Y: Mudar o Y para I e adicionar -EST
 Adjective/Adverb The + Superlative
 lucky the luckiest
 sortudo(a) o(a) mais sortudo(a)
 happy the happiest
 feliz o(a) mais feliz
For the short adjectives that finish in Y, we change Y to I and add -EST.
SUPERLATIVES – SPELLING
Short Adjectives/Adverbs – Special Rules
CVC: Double the Last Consonant and Add -EST
CVC: Dobrar a última consoante e adicionar -EST
 Adjective/Adverb The + Superlative
 hot the hottest (double the T)
 quente o(a) mais quente
 big the biggest (double the G)
 grande o(a) maior
There’s also a spelling rule for the short adjectives or adverbs that end in CVC: 
consonant, vowel, consonant. In this case, we double the last consonant and 
add -EST.
SUPERLATIVES – SPELLING
Short Adjectives/Adverbs – Special Rules
Superlatives
242
< voltar para o índice
Ending in Y: Replace Y for -IEST
Terminação em Y: Substituir o Y por -IEST
 Adjective/Adverb The + Superlative
 easy the easiest
 fácil o(a) mais fácil
 shiny the shiniest
 brilhante o(a) mais brilhante
The superlative of most two-syllable adjectives and adverbs will be formed by 
using the structure of the long adjectives and adverbs. However, there are some 
exceptions.
Take a look:
SUPERLATIVES
Two-syllable Adjectives – Exceptions
Ending in E or LE: add -ST
Terminação em E or LE: Adicionar -ST
 Adjective/Adverb The + Superlative
 simple the simplest
 simples o(a) mais simples
 gentle the gentlest
 gentil o(a) mais gentil
Ending in OW: Add -EST
Terminação em OW: Adicionar -EST
 Adjective/Adverb The + Superlative
 narrow the narrowest
 estreito(a) o(a) mais estreito(a)
 shallow the shallowest
 raso(a) o(a) mais raso(a)
Superlatives
243
< voltar para o índice
There are also irregular adjectives, which may change their form completely.
 Adjective/Adverb The + Superlative
 
 goodthe best
 bom o(a) melhor
 bad the worst
 ruim o(a) pior
 far the farthest/furthest
 distante o(a) mais distante
SUPERLATIVES – IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES
For long adjectives or adverbs or for the two-syllable ones that do not f inish in 
Y, E, or OW, we’ll use: the + most + adjective or adverb.
The most expensive
O(A) mais caro(a)
The most comfortable
O(A) mais confortável
SUPERLATIVES – LONG ADJECTIVES/ADVERBS 
(THREE OR MORE SYLLABLES)
The Most + Long Adjective/Adverb
Superlatives are often used to compare one person or thing to 
other people or things of the same group.
Jackie is the most dedicated student in her class.
A Jackie é a aluna mais dedicada da turma dela.
This is the best English course.
Esse é o melhor curso de inglês.
SUPERLATIVES – USAGE
Superlatives
244
< voltar para o índice
And now you know how to use the superlative form in English.
It is also possible to compare a person or thing in a situation to the 
same person or thing in a different situation. In this case, we don’t 
use the article the.
The company is facing its most difficult challenge.
A empresa está enfrentando o seu desafio mais dif ícil.
I am in my best shape.
Estou na minha melhor forma.
SUPERLATIVES – USAGE
Superlatives
Grammar
Guide
245
< voltar para o índice
Affirmative
There + Be
There’s a restaurant near the hotel.
Há um restaurante perto do hotel.
Interrogative
Be + There
Is there a restaurant near the hotel?
Há um restaurante perto do hotel?
Negative
There + Be + Not
There isn’t (is not) a restaurant near the hotel.
Não há um restaurante perto do hotel.
The structure there + be expresses existence, and it can be used in the 
aff irmative, interrogative, and negative forms.
THERE + BE
Structures
There + Be
246
< voltar para o índice
You can use the structure in the singular or plural according to the noun that follows it. 
When we talk about singular or plural forms, there are some things to which we should pay 
attention. If you are talking about a list of things, use there is when the noun that follows is 
also in the singular.
If there are one or more nouns in the plural, use there are and place the nouns in the plural 
before the ones in the singular, if there are any.
Are there good schools in your neighborhood?
Existem boas escolas no seu bairro?
(The noun “schools” is in the plural, so the verb to be is in the plural)
There is a good school in my neighborhood.
Há/Tem uma escola boa no meu bairro.
(The noun “school” is in the singular, so the verb to be is in the singular)
There are a lot of good schools in my neighborhood.
Há/Tem muitas escolas boas no meu bairro.
(The noun “schools” is in the plural, so the verb to be is in the plural)
There is an apple, a banana, and a pineapple in the fruit basket.
Tem uma maçã, uma banana e um abacaxi na fruteira.
(There is All nouns in the singular)
There are some apples, two bananas, and a pineapple in the fruit basket.
Tem algumas maçãs, duas bananas e um abacaxi na fruteira.
(There are One or more nouns in the plural)
THERE + BE
Singular and Plural
THERE + BE
Singular and Plural
There + Be
247
< voltar para o índice
In informal spoken language you might as well hear there is followed by plural 
nouns. This is perfectly acceptable, but you should not use it in written formal 
language.
To use there + be in the future, we’ll use there will be with singular or plural nouns. 
We have seen some uses of there + be in the present. However, it is important to highlight that 
this structure can also be used in the past and in the future.
So we will conjugate the verb to be accordingly. If we are referring to the past, we use there 
was for the singular and there were for the plural.
THERE + BE
Past: There Was / There Were
There’s two teachers in each classroom.
Tem dois professores em cada sala de aula.
(Informal: There is One or more nouns in the plural)
There will be a mall near my house.
Haverá um shopping perto da minha casa.
There will be flying cars in the future.
Haverá carros voadores no futuro.
There was only one employee assisting the customers.
Só havia um funcionário auxiliando os clientes.
(“Employee” is a singular noun, so we used the verb to be in the singular: “There was”)
There were many people waiting in line.
Tinha muita gente esperando na f ila.
(“People” is a plural noun, so we used the verb to be in the plural: “There were”)
THERE + BE
Informal Spoken Language
THERE + BE
Future: There Will Be
There + Be
248
< voltar para o índice
And now you know what there + be means, its structures, and how to use it.
Structure: There + Verb + To Be
There seems to be a lot of vacant rooms in this hotel.
Parece haver muitos quartos vazios neste hotel.
(It’s the speaker’s perspective of an impression). 
There tends to be tension between the parts.
Tende a haver tensão entre as partes.
(It’s something that is expected).
Structure: There + Modal Verb + Be
There must be a gas station around.
Tem que ter / Deve haver um posto de gasolina por perto.
There should be no wait.
Não deve haver espera/demora.
There might be a cocktail after the meeting.
Deve ter / É possível que tenha / Pode haver um coquetel após a reunião.
There + be can also be used with modal verbs. In this case, we’ll join the idea of existence with 
the meaning that each modal verb expresses.
We can also use there with verbs such as seem and tend before to be. In these 
cases, we’ll use the infinitive form to be. 
THERE + BE
Modal Verbs
THERE + BE
Other Verbs
There + Be
Grammar
Guide
249
< voltar para o índice
The modal verb will is mostly used to refer to the future. As all modal verbs, 
it functions as an auxiliary verb, adding meaning to the main verb.
Check the structures for the aff irmative, interrogative, and negative forms.
WILL
Structure 
Affirmative
She will go to college next year.
Ela vai para a faculdade ano que vem.
Subject + Will + Main Verb in the Base Form + 
Complement (if necessary)
Negative
Will you talk to her?
Você vai falar com ela?
Will + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + 
Complement (if necessary)
Interrogative
It won’t rain.
Não vai chover.
Subject + Will + Not (Won’t) + Main Verb in the Base Form + 
Complement (if necessary)
Will
250
< voltar para o índice
Tell people what to do
Will you behave now?
Você vai se comportar agora?
Make an offer / a proposal
Will you marry me?
Você quer se casar comigo?
Promises
I will always be with you.
Eu sempre estarei com você.
Willingness and Decisions
I’ll (I + will) get the door.
Eu vou abrir a porta.
I will quit smoking.
Eu vou parar de fumar.
WILL
Uses
WILL
Uses
In the interrogative, we can use will to tell people what to do or to 
make proposals. We can also use it for promises in aff irmative and 
negative sentences.
Will is commonly used to express willingness and decisions about 
the future that we make at the moment we speak.
Will
251
< voltar para o índice
You’ll have to attend driving classes to get your driver’s license.
Você terá que fazer aulas de direção para tirar a carteira de motorista.
Refusal 
I won’t (will + not) talk to her.
Eu não vou falar com ela.
She won’t talk to anybody.
Ela não vai falar com ninguém.
Will is also used to refer to things that are inevitable.
It can be used to express refusal in the negative form. 
WILL
Uses
WILL
Inevitability
Now you know that will is a modal auxiliary verb, 
and you are familiar with its structures and common uses. 
Will
Version 3.0
	Botão 19: 
	Page 4: 
	Page 22: 
	Page 42: 
	Page 66: 
	Botão 20: 
	Page 5: 
	Page 6: 
	Page 23: 
	Page 24: 
	Page 25: 
	Page 43: 
	Page 44: 
	Page 45: 
	Page 46: 
	Page 47: 
	Page 67: 
	Page 68: 
	Page 69: 
	Botão 1: 
	Page 85: 
	Page 107: 
	Page 127: 
	Page 148: 
	Botão 2: 
	Page 86: 
	Page 87: 
	Page 88: 
	Page 108: 
	Page 109: 
	Page 128: 
	Page 129: 
	Page 130: 
	Page 131: 
	Page 149: 
	Page 150: 
	Page 151: 
	Page 152: 
	Page 153: