av2 lit nor ame

Prévia do material em texto

1In the mid-nineteenth century, a literary movement spread out in Europe and also in North America. It is the Realism and ist Naturalism branch. Both these movements concerned reality and likeness to it. Relate the following authors and works to the corresponding characteristics:
I- Honoré de Balzac - The Human Comedy.
II- Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) - The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.
III- Rebecca Harding Daves - Life in the Iron Mills.
(    ) The story portraits the life of people in a specific field: the north American steel branches and their harsh work conditions.
(    ) All aspects of human life are represented in this huge task which the author accomplished under long and daily hard work.
(    ) The stories combine pleasant adventure and realistic landscape descriptions. The action appears in such likeness to reality the author has been taken for the "Father" of American literature.
(    ) Combining humor to social critics and dressing the whole under the thoughts and adventures of a kid: how could we not all fit in this character's misfortunes?
Check the right answer:
A
I - II - II - III.
B
II - I - II - III.
C
I - I - III - II.
D
III - I - II - II.
2Literary periods or eras use to present a few specific characteristics that allow their distinction the ones from the others. They do not break abruptly up, switching radically to a new one, but rather switch slowly and according to the evolution that may be observed in society as well. During North American Romanticism, authors were mainly concern with some subjects. Choose among the options below, the one that does not correspond to a North American Romantic subject:
A
The romantic optimistic authors were concerned with beauty, nature, and a related spirituality.
B
The romantic optimists and pessimists did not share the same points of view.
C
Both the romantic optimists and pessimists were only concerned about beauty.
D
The romantic pessimistic authors were concerned about perverse elans and even criminality.
3Margareth Fuller and Emily Dickinson were two American writers. They are situated in the Transcendental period of North American literature. Nevertheless, one of these two women appears to be less representative of the period than the other. Read the statements and relate each one of them to one of the two authors, according to what is stated:
I- Emily Dickinson.
II- Margareth Fuller.
(    ) The condition of women was one of her main topics or aims.
(    ) The author writes poetry with great simplicity and harmony.
(    ) It was not in the aims of the author to belong to a specific literary movement.
(    ) The author compared the conditions of women to those of the slaves in America.
Check the right answer:
A
I - I - II - II.
B
I - II - II - I.
C
II - I - I - II.
D
II - II - I - II.
4Emily Dickinson and Henry David Thoreau are two representative names of the north-American literature. Both presented a very particular and rich style and way of dealing with deep feelings of the human gender. During the period they wrote their famous works some aspects, in particular, were more focused than others for each one of them. Check the assumption below. Associate the items:
I- "Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity! I say, let your affairs be as two or three, and not a hundred or a thousand.
II- Wherever runs the breathless sun -
Wherever roams the day -
There is its noiseless onset -
There is its victory!
(    ) Emily Dickinson.
(    ) Henry David Thoreau.
(    ) Represents individualism in a concrete way when living lonely in the woods.
(    ) It is a transcendentalism work as the author of it is loyal to herself.
Check the right answer:
FONTE: http://www.dominiopublico.gov.br/download/texto/gu000205.pdf; https://www.revistaprosaversoearte.com/emily-dickinson-poemas Acesso em: 1º jul. 2019.
A
II - I - I - II.
B
II - I - II - I.
C
I - II - II - I.
D
I - I - II - II.
5The Romantic Era was a period of deep analysis in North-American literature. Authors were mainly occupied with feelings and emotions. While the Western world faced logical thinking and was trying to understand reality through knowledge and reasoning, Romantic authors were looking in another direction. Among the options below, check the one that DOES NOT APPLY to the North-American Romantic era:
A
The American Renaissance is one of the romantic works.
B
The Romantic era counts important names such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Walt Disney.
C
So as the writers of the Enlightenment, romantic authors were rebellious.
D
Authors of the Romantic Era in North American Literature classified between optimistic and pessimistic ones.
6Romanticism showed its first signs in Germany before spreading out worldwide. It arrived in the United States around 1820. At this time, North America was undergoing a specific period, either ideologically either literarily speaking. Among the choices below, check the one that corresponds to this period:
A
The American Renaissance.
B
The Baroque Golden Age.
C
The Regionalism-Naturalism.
D
The First Indianism Vague.
7Transcendentalism occurred in North-America during the XIXth century. It consisted of a movement of a group of intellectuals around an American state of mind. According to transcendentalists, imagination had it better than reason; creativity, better than theory; action, better than contemplation. Check among the authors below, the one that does not correspond to the Transcendental movement in Nort-American literature:
A
Walt Whitman and his poetry.
B
Nature and spirituality, in Christopher Pearse Cranch.
C
Samuel Clemens, or best known Mark Twain.
D
The very active engaged Margareth Fuller.
8The nineteenth century was a very changing period when it comes to ideas and feelings or discovering new ways of living. North American literature entered this period and absorbed the two main tendencies of the time: on the one hand, Calvinism and its harsh severity dictated a strict normative way of living according to the puritan religion and the will of God. Which one corresponds to the other one?
Among the choices below, check the one that CORRESPONDS to the other option of the main ideas in the nineteenth century:
A
God is in nature.
B
Skepticism and the desire to live with God.
C
Skepticism and the idea that God did not exist.
D
God is the center of the world.
9Transcendentalism is a literary and philosophical movement related to transcending oneself. To transcend means precisely "to become free of negative attitudes, thoughts, or feelings that limit what you can achieve". Based upon this definition and your knowledge about the Transcendental movement in North American literature, analyze the following statements and check the correct answer:
I- Henry Thoreau experienced loneliness in order to transcend himself.
II- Emerson experienced a period alone in the woods in order o write The Flora.
III- Transcendental authors asked for more simplicity such as nature provides.
IV- The writers of the transcendental period used to be active and take part in politics.
Check the right answer:
SOURCE: The Macmillan dictionary of the English language. Available at: https://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/transcend. Access on: April 6th, 2021.
A
I and III are correct.
B
III and IV are correct.
C
I and II are correct.
D
II and III are correct.
10Romanticism appeared in North American literature in the nineteenth century. During this time, America knew the influence of two main tendencies: Calvinism and the strict rules of puritanism on one hand. Secularism or the possibility of living without any divine entity or god. This paradox throws authors into specific research: the beauty in the Arts. Among the choices given, check the one that DOES NOT CORRESPOND to one of the major characteristics of Romanticism in North American literature:
A
Positivity, which even inspired the transcendental writers of this period.
B
The "self-notion" to be exploited in words such as self-reliance and self-expression.
C
The idea that feelings and ways of being are determinedby nature, such as Charles Darwin had established by his scientific results.
D
Exploiting beauty in the North-American environment, such as flowers, mountains, and landscapes.