ASME BPVC SEC V - 2019

Prévia do material em texto

Nondestruct ive 
Examinat ion
SECTION V
ASME BPVC.V-2019
2019 ASME Boiler andPressure Vessel Code
An International Code
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
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Markings  such as  “ASME,”  “ASME Standard,” or any other marking  including  “ASME,” ASME 
logos, or the ASME Single Certification Mark shall not be used on any item that is not constructed 
in accordance with all of the applicable requirements of the Code or Standard. Use of ASME’s 
name or logos or of the ASME Single Certification Mark requires formal ASME certification; if no 
certification program is available, such ASME markings may not be used. (For Certification and 
Accreditation Programs, see https://www.asme.org/shop/certification‐accreditation.) 
 
Items produced by parties not formally possessing an ASME Certificate may not be described, 
either explicitly or implicitly, as ASME certified or approved in any code forms or other document. 
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
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V
NONDESTRUCTIVE
EXAMINATION
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
on Nondestructive Examination
AN INTERNATIONAL CODE
2019 ASME Boiler &
Pressure Vessel Code
2019 Edition July 1, 2019
Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Date of Issuance: July 1, 2019
This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for
American National Standards and it is an American National Standard. The Standards Committee that approved
the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have
had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and com-
ment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and
the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve," "certify," “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any
items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability
for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are
expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such
rights, is entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as
government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the es-
tablished ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.
The endnotes and preamble in this document (if any) are part of this American National Standard.
ASME Collective Membership Mark
ASME Single Certification Mark
"ASME" and the above ASME symbols are registered trademarks of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
The Specifications published and copyrighted by the American Society for Testing and Materials
are reproduced with the Society’s permission.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic
retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
publisher.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56-3934
Printed in the United States of America
Adopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2019.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright © 2019 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii
Statement of Policy on the Use of the ASME Single Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising xxix
Statement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxix
Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxx
Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxiii
ASTM Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lv
Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lvi
List of Changes in Record Number Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lxi
Cross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lxv
Subsection A Nondestructive Methods of Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Article 1 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
T-110 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
T-120 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
T-130 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
T-150 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
T-160 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
T-170 Examinations and Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
T-180 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
T-190 Records/Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Mandatory Appendix I Glossary of Terms for Nondestructive Examination . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5
I-110 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
I-120 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
I-130 UT — Ultrasonics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Mandatory Appendix II Supplemental Personnel Qualification Requirements for NDE
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
II-110 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
II-120 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Mandatory Appendix II Supplement A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Mandatory Appendix III Exceptions and Additional Requirements for Use of ASNT
SNT-TC-1A 2016 Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Mandatory Appendix IV Exceptions to ASNT/ANSI CP-189 2016 Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Nonmandatory Appendix A Imperfection vs Type of NDE Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
A-110 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Article 2 Radiographic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
T-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
T-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
T-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
T-260 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
T-270 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
T-280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
T-290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
iii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Mandatory Appendix I In-Motion Radiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
I-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
I-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
I-260 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
I-270 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Mandatory Appendix II Real-Time Radioscopic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
II-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
II-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
II-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
II-260 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
II-270 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
II-280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
II-290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Mandatory Appendix III Digital Image Acquisition, Display, and Storage for Radiography
and Radioscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
III-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
III-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
III-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
III-250 Image Acquisition and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
III-260 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
III-280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
III-290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Mandatory Appendix IV Interpretation, Evaluation, and Disposition of Radiographic and
Radioscopic Examination Test Results Produced by the Digital
Image Acquisition and Display Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
IV-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
IV-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
IV-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
IV-250 Image Acquisition, Storage, and Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
IV-260 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
IV-280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
IV-290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Mandatory Appendix VI Acquisition, Display, Interpretation, and Storage of Digital Images
of Radiographic Film for Nuclear Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
VI-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
VI-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
VI-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
VI-240 System Performance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
VI-250 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
VI-260 Demonstration of System Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
VI-270 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
VI-280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
VI-290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Mandatory Appendix VI Supplement A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
VI-A-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
VI-A-220 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 59
VI-A-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
VI-A-240 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Mandatory Appendix VII Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
VII-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
VII-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
VII-270 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
VII-280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
iv
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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VII-290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Mandatory Appendix VIII Radiography Using Phosphor Imaging Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
VIII-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
VIII-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
VIII-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
VIII-260 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
VIII-270 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
VIII-280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
VIII-290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Mandatory Appendix VIII Supplement A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
VIII-A-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
VIII-A-220 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
VIII-A-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
VIII-A-240 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Mandatory Appendix IX Radiography Using Digital Detector Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
IX-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
IX-220 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
IX-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
IX-260 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
IX-270 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
IX-280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
IX-290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Mandatory Appendix IX Supplement A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
IX-A-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
IX-A-220 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
IX-A-230 Equipment and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
IX-A-240 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Nonmandatory Appendix A Recommended Radiographic Technique Sketches for Pipe or Tube
Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
A-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Nonmandatory Appendix C Hole-Type IQI Placement Sketches for Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
C-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Nonmandatory Appendix D Number of IQIs (Special Cases) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
D-210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Article 4 Ultrasonic Examination Methods for Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
T-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
T-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
T-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
T-440 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
T-450 Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
T-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
T-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
T-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
T-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Mandatory Appendix I Screen Height Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
I-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
I-440 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Mandatory Appendix II Amplitude Control Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
II-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
II-440 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
v
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Mandatory Appendix III Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
III-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
III-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
III-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
III-460Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
III-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
III-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
III-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Mandatory Appendix IV Phased Array Manual Raster Examination Techniques Using Linear
Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
IV-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
IV-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
IV-422 Scan Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
IV-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
IV-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Mandatory Appendix V Phased Array E-Scan and S-Scan Linear Scanning Examination
Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
V-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
V-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
V-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
V-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
V-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Mandatory Appendix VII Ultrasonic Examination Requirements for Workmanship-Based
Acceptance Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
VII-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
VII-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
VII-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
VII-440 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
VII-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
VII-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
VII-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
VII-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Mandatory Appendix VIII Ultrasonic Examination Requirements for Fracture-Mechanics-
Based Acceptance Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
VIII-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
VIII-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
VIII-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
VIII-440 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
VIII-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
VIII-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
VIII-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
VIII-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Mandatory Appendix IX Procedure Qualification Requirements for Flaw Sizing and
Categorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
IX-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
IX-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
IX-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
IX-440 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
IX-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
IX-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Mandatory Appendix X Ultrasonic Examination of High Density Polyethylene . . . . . . . . . . . 121
X-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
X-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
vi
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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X-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
X-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
X-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
X-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Mandatory Appendix XI Full Matrix Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
XI-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
XI-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
XI-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
XI-450 Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
XI-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
XI-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
XI-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
XI-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Nonmandatory Appendix A Layout of Vessel Reference Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
A-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
A-440 MiscellaneousRequirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Nonmandatory Appendix B General Techniques for Angle Beam Calibrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
B-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
B-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Nonmandatory Appendix C General Techniques for Straight Beam Calibrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
C-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
C-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Nonmandatory Appendix D Examples of Recording Angle Beam Examination Data . . . . . . . . . . 139
D-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
D-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
D-470 Examination Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
D-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Nonmandatory Appendix E Computerized Imaging Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
E-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
E-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
E-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
E-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Nonmandatory Appendix F Examination of Welds Using Full Matrix Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
F-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
F-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
F-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
F-440 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
F-450 Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
F-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
F-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
F-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Nonmandatory Appendix G Alternate Calibration Block Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
G-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
G-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Nonmandatory Appendix I Examination of Welds Using Angle Beam Search Units . . . . . . . . . . 159
I-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
I-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Nonmandatory Appendix J Alternative Basic Calibration Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
J-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
J-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
vii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Nonmandatory Appendix K Recording Straight Beam Examination Data for Planar Reflectors 163
K-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
K-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
K-490 Records/Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Nonmandatory Appendix L TOFD Sizing Demonstration/Dual Probe — Computer Imaging
Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
L-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
L-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
L-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
L-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
L-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
L-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
L-490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Nonmandatory Appendix M General Techniques for Angle Beam Longitudinal Wave
Calibrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
M-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
M-460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Nonmandatory Appendix N Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
N-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
N-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
N-450 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
N-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Nonmandatory Appendix O Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique — General Examina-
tion Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
O-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
O-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
O-470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Nonmandatory Appendix P Phased Array (PAUT) Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
P-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
P-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
P-450 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
P-480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Nonmandatory Appendix Q Example of a Split DAC Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Q-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Q-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Nonmandatory Appendix R Straight Beam Calibration Blocks for Restricted Access Weld
Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
R-410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
R-420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
R-430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Article 5 Ultrasonic Examination Methods for Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
T-510 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
T-520 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
T-530 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
T-560 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
T-570 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
T-580 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
T-590 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Mandatory Appendix I Ultrasonic Examination of Pumps and Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
I-510 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
I-530 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
viii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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I-560 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
I-570 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Mandatory Appendix II Inservice Examination of Nozzle Inside Corner Radius and Inner
Corner Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
II-510 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
II-530 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
II-560 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
II-570 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Mandatory Appendix IV Inservice Examination of Bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
IV-510 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
IV-530 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
IV-560 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
IV-570 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Article 6 Liquid Penetrant Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
T-610 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
T-620 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
T-630 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
T-640 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
T-650 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
T-660 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
T-670 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
T-680 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
T-690 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Mandatory Appendix II Control of Contaminants for Liquid Penetrant Examination . . . . . 221
II-610 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
II-640 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
II-690 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Mandatory Appendix III Qualification Techniques for Examinations at Nonstandard
Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
III-610 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
III-630 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
III-640 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Article 7 Magnetic Particle Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
T-710 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
T-720 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
T-730 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
T-740 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
T-750 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
T-760 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
T-770 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
T-780 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
T-790 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Mandatory Appendix I Magnetic Particle Examination Using the ACYoke Technique on
Ferromagnetic Materials Coated With Nonferromagnetic
Coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
I-710 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
I-720 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
I-730 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
I-740 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
I-750 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
I-760 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
I-770 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
I-780 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
ix
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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I-790 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Mandatory Appendix III Magnetic Particle Examination Using the Yoke Technique With
Fluorescent Particles in an Undarkened Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
III-710 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
III-720 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
III-750 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
III-760 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
III-770 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
III-790 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Mandatory Appendix IV Qualification of Alternate Wavelength Light Sources for Excitation
of Fluorescent Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
IV-710 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
IV-720 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
IV-750 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
IV-770 Qualification Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
IV-790 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Mandatory Appendix V Requirements for the Use of Magnetic Rubber Techniques . . . . . . 242
V-710 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
V-720 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
V-730 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
V-740 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
V-750 Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
V-760 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
V-770 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
V-780 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
V-790 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Nonmandatory Appendix A Measurement of Tangential Field Strength With Gaussmeters . . . 245
A-710 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
A-720 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
A-730 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
A-750 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
A-790 Documentation/Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Article 8 Eddy Current Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
T-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Mandatory Appendix II Eddy Current Examination of Nonferromagnetic Heat Exchanger
Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
II-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
II-820 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
II-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
II-840 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
II-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
II-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
II-880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
II-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Mandatory Appendix III Eddy Current Examination on Coated Ferromagnetic Materials . . 254
III-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
III-820 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
III-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
III-850 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
III-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
III-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
III-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
x
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Mandatory Appendix IV External Coil Eddy Current Examinationof Tubular Products . . . . 256
IV-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
IV-820 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
IV-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
IV-850 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
IV-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
IV-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
IV-880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
IV-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Mandatory Appendix V Eddy Current Measurement of Nonconductive-Nonferromagnetic
Coating Thickness on a Nonferromagnetic Metallic Material . . . 258
V-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
V-820 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
V-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
V-850 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
V-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
V-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
V-880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
V-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Mandatory Appendix VI Eddy Current Detection and Measurement of Depth of Surface
Discontinuities in Nonferromagnetic Metals With Surface
Probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
VI-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
VI-820 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
VI-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
VI-850 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
VI-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
VI-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
VI-880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
VI-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Mandatory Appendix VII Eddy Current Examination of Ferromagnetic and Nonferromag-
netic Conductive Metals to Determine If Flaws Are Surface
Connected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
VII-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
VII-820 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
VII-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
VII-850 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
VII-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
VII-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
VII-880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
VII-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Mandatory Appendix VIII Alternative Technique for Eddy Current Examination of Nonferro-
magnetic Heat Exchanger Tubing, Excluding Nuclear Steam
Generator Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
VIII-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
VIII-820 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
VIII-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
VIII-850 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
VIII-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
VIII-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
VIII-880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
VIII-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
xi
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--`,``,``,,`,`,,````,`,``,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Mandatory Appendix IX Eddy Current Array Examination of Ferromagnetic and Nonferro-
magnetic Materials for the Detection of Surface-Breaking Flaws 274
IX-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
IX-820 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
IX-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
IX-840 Application Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
IX-850 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
IX-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
IX-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
IX-880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
IX-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Mandatory Appendix X Eddy Current Array Examination of Ferromagnetic and Nonferro-
magnetic Welds for the Detection of Surface-Breaking Flaws . . 279
X-810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
X-820 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
X-830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
X-840 Application Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
X-850 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
X-860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
X-870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
X-880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
X-890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Article 9 Visual Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
T-910 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
T-920 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
T-930 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
T-950 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
T-980 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
T-990 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Article 10 Leak Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
T-1010 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
T-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
T-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
T-1040 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
T-1050 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
T-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
T-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
T-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
T-1090 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
Mandatory Appendix I Bubble Test — Direct Pressure Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
I-1010 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
I-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
I-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
I-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
I-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Mandatory Appendix II Bubble Test — Vacuum Box Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
II-1010 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
II-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
II-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
II-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
II-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Mandatory Appendix III Halogen Diode Detector Probe Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
III-1010 Introduction and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
xii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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III-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
III-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
III-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
III-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
III-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Mandatory Appendix IV Helium Mass Spectrometer Test — Detector Probe Technique . . . 295
IV-1010 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
IV-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
IV-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
IV-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
IV-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
IV-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Mandatory Appendix V Helium Mass Spectrometer Test — Tracer Probe Technique . . . . . 298
V-1010 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
V-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
V-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
V-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
V-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
V-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Mandatory Appendix VI Pressure Change Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
VI-1010 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
VI-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
VI-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
VI-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
VI-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
VI-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Mandatory Appendix VIII Thermal Conductivity Detector Probe Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
VIII-1010 Introduction and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
VIII-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
VIII-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
VIII-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
VIII-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
VIII-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Mandatory Appendix IX Helium Mass Spectrometer Test — Hood Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
IX-1010 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
IX-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
IX-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
IX-1050 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
IX-1053 Multiple-Mode Mass Spectrometer Leak Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
IX-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
IX-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
IX-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Mandatory Appendix X Ultrasonic Leak Detector Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
X-1010 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
X-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
X-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
X-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
X-1070 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
X-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Mandatory Appendix XI Helium Mass Spectrometer — Helium-Filled-Container Leakage
Rate Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
XI-1010 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
XI-1020 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
xiii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--`,``,``,,`,`,,````,`,``,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
XI-1030 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
XI-1050 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
XI-1060 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
XI-1070 Calculation of Test Reliability and Corrected Leakage Rate . . . . . . . . . . 315
XI-1080 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Nonmandatory Appendix A Supplementary Leak Testing Equation Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
A-1010 Applicability of the Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Article 11 Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic
Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
T-1110 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
T-1120 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
T-1130 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
T-1160 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
T-1170 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
T-1180 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
T-1190 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Mandatory Appendix I Instrumentation Performance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
I-1110 AE Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
I-1120 Signal Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
I-1130 Couplant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
I-1140 Preamplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
I-1150 Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
I-1160 Power-Signal Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
I-1170 Main Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
I-1180 Main Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Mandatory Appendix II Instrument Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
II-1110 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
II-1120 Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
II-1130 Reference Amplitude Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
II-1140 Count Criterion Nc and AM Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
II-1160 Field Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Nonmandatory Appendix A Sensor Placement Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Article 12 Acoustic Emission Examination of Metallic Vessels During Pressure
Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
T-1210 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
T-1220 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
T-1230 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
T-1260 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
T-1270 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
T-1280 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
T-1290 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Mandatory Appendix I Instrumentation Performance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1210 Acoustic Emission Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1220 Signal Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1230 Couplant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1240 Preamplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1250 Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1260 Power-Signal Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1270 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1280 Main Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
I-1290 Main Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
xiv
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Mandatory Appendix II Instrument Calibration and Cross-Referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
II-1210 Manufacturer’s Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
II-1220 Instrument Cross-Referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Nonmandatory Appendix A Sensor Placement Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
Nonmandatory Appendix B Supplemental Information for Conducting Acoustic Emission
Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
B-1210 Frequency Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
B-1220 Combining More Than One Sensor in a Single Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
B-1230 Attenuative Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
B-1240 Production Line Testing of Identical Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Article 13 Continuous Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Pressure Boundary
Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
T-1310 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
T-1320 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
T-1330 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
T-1340 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
T-1350 Technique/Procedure Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
T-1360 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
T-1370 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
T-1380 Evaluation/Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
T-1390 Reports/Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Mandatory Appendix I Nuclear Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
I-1310 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
I-1330 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
I-1340 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
I-1360 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
I-1380 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
Mandatory Appendix II Non-Nuclear Metal Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
II-1310 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
II-1330 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
II-1360 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
II-1380 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
Mandatory Appendix III Nonmetallic Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
III-1310 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
III-1320 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
III-1330 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
III-1360 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
III-1380 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Mandatory Appendix IV Limited Zone Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
IV-1310 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
IV-1320 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
IV-1340 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
IV-1350 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
IV-1360 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
IV-1380 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
IV-1390 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
Mandatory Appendix V Hostile Environment Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
V-1310 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
V-1330 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
V-1340 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
xv
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under licensewith ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--`,``,``,,`,`,,````,`,``,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Mandatory Appendix VI Leak Detection Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
VI-1310 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
VI-1320 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
VI-1330 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
VI-1350 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
VI-1360 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
VI-1370 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
VI-1380 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Article 14 Examination System Qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
T-1410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
T-1420 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
T-1430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
T-1440 Application Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
T-1450 Conduct of Qualification Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
T-1460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
T-1470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
T-1480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
T-1490 Documentation and Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Mandatory Appendix II UT Performance Demonstration Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
II-1410 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
II-1420 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
II-1430 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
II-1440 Application Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
II-1450 Conduct of Qualification Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
II-1460 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
II-1470 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
II-1480 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
II-1490 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Article 15 Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique (ACFMT) . . . . 386
T-1510 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
T-1520 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
T-1530 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
T-1540 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
T-1560 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
T-1570 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
T-1580 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
T-1590 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Article 16 Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
T-1610 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
T-1620 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
T-1630 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
T-1640 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
T-1650 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
T-1660 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
T-1670 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
T-1680 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Article 17 Remote Field Testing (RFT) Examination Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
T-1710 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
T-1720 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
T-1730 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
T-1750 Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
T-1760 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
T-1770 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
xvi
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Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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T-1780 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
T-1790 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
Article 18 Acoustic Pulse Reflectometry (APR) Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
T-1810 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
T-1820 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
T-1830 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
T-1840 Miscellaneous Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
T-1850 Prior to the Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
T-1860 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
T-1870 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .402
T-1880 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402
T-1890 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402
Article 19 Guided Wave Examination Method for Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
T-1910 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
T-1920 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
T-1930 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
T-1950 Wave Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
T-1960 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
T-1970 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
T-1980 Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
T-1990 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
Nonmandatory Appendix A Operation of GWT Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
A-1910 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
A-1920 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Subsection B Documents Adopted by Section V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Article 22 Radiographic Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
SE-94 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
SE-747 Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping
Classification of Wire image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for
Radiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
SE-999 Standard Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Radiographic
Film Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
SE-1025 Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping
Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for
Radiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
SE-1030/SE-1030M Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings . 459
SE-1114 Standard Test Method for Determining the Size of Iridium-192 Indus-
trial Radiographic Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
SE-1165 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of Industrial
X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
SE-1255 Standard Practice for Radioscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491
SE-1416 Standard Practice for Radioscopic Examination of Weldments . . . . . . . 503
SE-1647 Standard Practice for Determining Contrast Sensitivity in Radiology . 511
SE-2597/SE-2597M Standard Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digital Detec-
tor Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517
Article 23 Ultrasonic Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536
SA-388/SA-388M Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings . . . . . . 537
SA-435/SA-435M Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of
Steel Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547
SA-577/SA-577M Standard Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination of Steel
Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551
SA-578/SA-578M Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of
Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555
xvii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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SA-609/SA-609M Standard Practice for Castings, Carbon, Low-Alloy and Martensitic
Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic Examination Thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561
SA-745/SA-745M Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel
Forgings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571
SB-548 Standard Test Method for Ultrasonic Inspection of Aluminum-Alloy
Plate for Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577
SD-7091 Standard Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thick-
ness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals and Non-
magnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals . 583
SE-213 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and Tubing . . . 591
SE-273 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of Welded
Pipe and Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603
SE-317 Standard Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of Ultra-
sonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems Without the Use of
Electronic Measurement Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609
SE-797/SE-797M Standard Practice for Measuring Thickness by Manual Ultrasonic
Pulse-Echo Contact Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623
SE-2491 Standard Guide for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of
Phased-Array Ultrasonic Testing Instruments and Systems . . . . . . . 631
SE-2700 Standard Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of Welds Using Phased
Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651
Article 24 Liquid Penetrant Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660
SD-129 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General High
Pressure Decomposition Device Method) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661
SD-516 Standard Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667
SD-808 Standard Test Method for Chlorine in New and Used Petroleum Pro-
ducts (High Pressure Decomposition Device Method) . . . . . . . . . . . . 673
SE-165/SE-165M Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General
Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679
SE-2297 Standard Guide for Use of UV-A and Visible Light Sources and Meters
Used in the Liquid Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Methods . . . . . . 699
SE-3022 Standard Practice for Measurement of Emission Characteristics and
Requirements for LED UV-A Lamps Used in Fluorescent Penetrant
and Magnetic Particle Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705
Article 25 Magnetic Particle Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714
SD-1186 Standard Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film
Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied toa Ferrous Base . . . . 715
SE-709 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721
Article 26 Eddy Current Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769
SE-243 Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of
Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771
Article 29 Acoustic Emission Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777
SE-650/SE-650M Standard Guide for Mounting Piezoelectric Acoustic Emission Sensors 779
SE-750 Standard Practice for Characterizing Acoustic Emission
Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783
SE-976 Standard Guide for Determining the Reproducibility of Acoustic Emis-
sion Sensor Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795
SE-1067/SE-1067M Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiberglass Re-
inforced Plastic Resin (FRP) Tanks/Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805
SE-1118/SE-1118M Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin Pipe (RTRP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821
SE-1139/SE-1139M Standard Practice for Continuous Monitoring of Acoustic Emission From
Metal Pressure Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835
xviii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
--`,``,``,,`,`,,````,`,``,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
SE-1211/SE-1211M Standard Practice for Leak Detection and Location Using Surface-
Mounted Acoustic Emission Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843
SE-1419/SE-1419M Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Pressure
Vessels Using Acoustic Emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849
SE-2075/SE-2075M Standard Practice for Verifying the Consistency of AE-Sensor Response
Using an Acrylic Rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857
Article 30 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations Standard . . . . . . . . 862
Article 31 Alternating Current Field Measurement Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863
SE-2261/SE-2261M Standard Practice for Examination of Welds Using the Alternating Cur-
rent Field Measurement Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865
Article 32 Remote Field Testing Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880
SE-2096/SE-2096M Standard Practice for In Situ Examination of Ferromagnetic
Heat-Exchanger Tubes Using Remote Field Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881
Article 33 Guided Wave Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 891
SE-2775 Standard Practice for Guided Wave Testing of Above Ground Steel 
Pipework Using Piezoelectric Effect Transduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 893
SE-2929 Standard Practice for Guided Wave Testing of Above Ground Steel
Piping With Magnetostrictive Transduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 905
Mandatory Appendix II Standard Units for Use in Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916
Nonmandatory Appendix A Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 917
A-1 Use of Units in Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 917
A-2 Guidelines Used to Develop SI Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 917
A-3 Soft Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919
FIGURES
T-275 Location Marker Sketches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
I-263 Beam Width Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
VI-A-1 Reference Film . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
VIII-A-221-1 Procedure Demonstration Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
IX-263 Beam Width Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
A-210-1 Single-Wall Radiographic Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
C-210-1 Side and Top Views of Hole-Type IQI Placements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
C-210-2 Side and Top Views of Hole-Type IQI Placements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
C-210-3 Side and Top Views of Hole-Type IQI Placements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
C-210-4 Side and Top Views of Hole-Type IQI Placements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
D-210-1 Complete Circumference Cylindrical Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
D-210-2 Section of Circumference 240 deg or More Cylindrical Component (Example Is Alternate
Intervals) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
D-210-3 Section(s) of Circumference Less Than 240 deg Cylindrical Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
D-210-4 Section(s) of Circumference Equal to or More Than 120 deg and Less Than 240 deg Cy-
lindrical Component Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
D-210-5 Complete Circumferential Welds Spherical Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
D-210-6 Welds in Segments of Spherical Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
D-210-7 Plan View A-A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
D-210-8 Array of Objects in a Circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
T-434.1.7.2 Ratio Limits for Curved Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
T-434.2.1 Nonpiping Calibration Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
T-434.3-1 Calibration Block for Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
T-434.3-2 Alternate Calibration Block for Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
T-434.4.1 Calibration Block for Technique One . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
T-434.4.2.1 Alternate Calibration Block for Technique One . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
T-434.4.2.2 Alternate Calibration Block for Technique One . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
xix
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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T-434.4.3 Calibration Block for Technique Two . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
T-434.5.1 Calibration Block for Straight Beam Examination of Nozzle Side Weld Fusion Zone and/or
Adjacent Nozzle Parent Metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
I-440 Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
III-434.2.1(a) TOFD Reference Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
III-434.2.1(b) Two-Zone Reference Block Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
III-463.5 Offset Scans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
X-471.1 Fusion Pipe Joint Examination Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
XI-434.1-1 Calibration Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
B-461.1 Sweep Range (Side-Drilled Holes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
B-461.2 Sweep Range (IIW Block) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
B-461.3 Sweep Range (Notches) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
B-462.1 Sensitivity and Distance–Amplitude Correction (Side-Drilled Holes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
B-462.3 Sensitivity and Distance–Amplitude Correction (Notches) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
B-464 Position Depth and Beam Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
B-465 Planar Reflections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
B-466 Beam Spread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
C-461 Sweep Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
C-462 Sensitivity and Distance–Amplitude Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
D-490 Search Unit Location, Position, and Beam Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
E-460.1 Lateral Resolution and Depth Discrimination Block for 45 deg and 60 deg Applications . . 144
E-460.2 Lateral and Depth Resolution Block for 0 deg Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
F-451.1-1 FMC/TFM Generic Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
F-451.1-2 Active Focusing Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
F-451.1-3 Active Focusing Workflow With FMC Data Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
F-451.1-4 Example of an Iterative FMC/TFM Workflow as an Adaptation of That Shown in
Figure F-451.1-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
F-471-1 Examples of Ultrasonic Imaging Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
G-461(a) Critical Radius, RC , for Transducer/Couplant Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
G-461(b) Correction Factor (Gain) for Various Ultrasonic Examination Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
J-431 Basic Calibration Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
L-432 Example of a Flat Demonstration Block Containing Three Notches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
M-461.1 Sweep Range (Side-Drilled Holes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
M-461.2 Sweep Range (Cylindrical Surfaces) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
M-461.3 Sweep Range (Straight Beam Search Unit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
M-462 Sensitivity and Distance–Amplitude Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
N-421(a) Schematic Showing Waveform Transformation Into Grayscale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
N-421(b) Schematic Showing Generation of Grayscale Image From Multiple A-Scans . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
N-421(c) Schematic Showing Standard TOFD Setup and Display With Waveform and Signal Phases 171
N-421(d) TOFD Display With Flaws and Displayed A-Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
N-451 Measurement Tools for Flaw Heights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
N-452(a) Schematic Showing the Detection of Off-Axis Flaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
N-452(b) Measurement Errors From Flaw Position Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
N-453 TOFD Image Showing Hyperbolic “Tails” From the Ends of a Flaw Image Used to Measure
Flaw Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
N-454(a) TOFD Image Showing Top and Bottom Diffracted Signals From Midwall Flaw and A-Scan
Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
N-454(b) TOFD Image Showing Top and Bottom Diffracted Signals From Centerline Crack and A-Scan
Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
N-481(a) Schematics of Image Generation, Scan Pattern, Waveform, and TOFD Display Showing the
Image of the Point Flaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
N-481(b) Schematics of Image Generation, Flaw Location, and TOFD Display Showing the Image of the
Inside (ID) Surface-Breaking Flaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
N-481(c) Schematics of Image Generation, Flaw Location, and TOFD Display Showing the Image of the
Outside (OD) Surface-Breaking Flaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
xx
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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N-481(d) Schematics of Flaw Location, Signals, and TOFD Display Showing the Image of the Midwall
Flaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
N-481(e) Flaw Location and TOFD Display Showing the Image of the Lack of Root Penetration. . . . 178
N-481(f) Flaw Location and TOFD Display Showing the Image of the Concave Root Flaw . . . . . . . . . 179
N-481(g) Flaw Location, TOFD Display Showing the Image of the Midwall Lack of Fusion Flaw, and the
A-Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
N-481(h) Flaw Location and TOFD Display Showing the Image of the Porosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
N-481(i) Flaw Location and TOFD Display Showing the Image of the Transverse Crack . . . . . . . . . . 180
N-481(j) Schematics of Image Generation, Flaw Location, and TOFD Display Showing the Image of the
Interpass Lack of Fusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
N-482(a) Schematic of Flaw Locations and TOFD Image Showing the Lateral Wave, Backwall, and
Three of the Four Flaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
N-482(b) Schematic of Flaw Locations and TOFD Display Showing the Lateral Wave, Backwall, and
Four Flaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
N-483(a) Acceptable Noise Levels, Flaws, Lateral Wave, and Longitudinal Wave Backwall . . . . . . . . 184
N-483(b) TOFD Image With Gain Too Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
N-483(c) TOFD Image With Gain Set Too High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
N-483(d)(1) TOFD Image With the Gate Set Too Early . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
N-483(d)(2) TOFD Image With the Gate Set Too Late . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
N-483(d)(3) TOFD Image With the Gate Set Too Long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
N-483(e) TOFD Image With Transducers Set Too Far Apart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
N-483(f) TOFD Image With Transducers Set Too Close Together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
N-483(g) TOFD Image With Transducers Not Centered on the Weld Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
N-483(h) TOFD Image Showing Electrical Noise Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
O-470(a) Example of a Single Zone TOFD Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
O-470(b) Example of a Two Zone TOFD Setup (Equal Zone Heights) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
O-470(c) Example of a Three Zone TOFD Setup (Unequal Zone Heights With Zone 3 Addressed by Two
Offset Scans) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
O-470(d) Example of a Four Zone TOFD Setup (Equal Zone Heights) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
P-421-1 Black and White (B&W) Version of Color Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
P-421-2 Scan Pattern Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
P-421-3 Example of an E-Scan Image Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
P-421-4 Example of an S-Scan Image Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
P-452.1 Flaw Length Sizing Using Amplitude Drop Technique and the Vertical Cursors on the C-Scan
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
P-452.2-1 Scan Showing Flaw Height Sizing Using Amplitude Drop Technique and the Horizontal
Cursors on the B-Scan Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
P-452.2-2 Flaw Height Sizing Using Top Diffraction Technique and the Horizontal Cursors on the S-Scan
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
P-481 S-Scan of I.D. Connected Crack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
P-481.1 E-Scan of LOF in Midwall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
P-481.2 S-Scan of Porosity, Showing Multiple Reflectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
P-481.3 O.D. Toe Crack Detected Using S-Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
P-481.4 IP Signal on S-Scan, Positioned on Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
P-481.5 Slag Displayed as a Midwall Defect on S-Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Q-410 Distance–Amplitude Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Q-421 First DAC Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Q-422 Second DAC Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
R-434-1 Corner Weld Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
R-434-2 Tee Weld Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
T-534.3 Straight Beam Calibration Blocks for Bolting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
III-630 Liquid Penetrant Comparator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
T-754.2.1 Single-Pass and Two-Pass Central Conductor Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
T-754.2.2 The Effective Region of Examination When Using an Offset Central Conductor . . . . . . . . . . 227
T-764.2(a) Pie-Shaped Magnetic Particle Field Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
T-764.2(b)(1) Artificial Flaw Shims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
xxi
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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T-764.2(b)(2) Artificial Flaw Shims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
T-766.1 Ketos (Betz) Test Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
II-863.1 Differential Technique Response From Calibration Reference Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
II-863.2 Absolute Technique Response From Calibration Reference Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
II-880 Flaw Depth as a Function of Phase Angle at 400 kHz [Ni–Cr–Fe 0.050 in. (1.24 mm) Wall
Tube] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
V-860 Typical Lift-off Calibration Curve for Coating Thickness Showing Thickness Calibration
Points Along the Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
VI-832 Reference Specimen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
VI-850 Impedance Plane Representations of Indications From Figure VI-832 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
VII-835 Eddy Current Reference Specimen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
VII-862 Impedance Plane Responses for Stainless Steel and Carbon Steel Reference Specimens . . . 267
VIII-864.1 Differential Technique Response From Calibration Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
VIII-864.2 Absolute Technique From Calibration Reference Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
IX-821-1 ECA Technique Compared to Raster Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
IX-832-1 Array Coil Sensitivity Variance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
IX-833-1 Example Reference Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
IX-872-1 Scanning Overlap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
X-833-1 Example Reference Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
T-1173(a)(1) Atmospheric Vessels Loading Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
T-1173(a)(2) Vacuum Vessels Loading Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
T-1173(a)(3) Test Algorithm — Flowchart for Atmospheric Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
T-1173(b)(1) Pressure Vessel Loading Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
T-1173(b)(2) Algorithm — Flowchart for Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
I-1183 Sample of Schematic of AE Instrumentation for Vessel Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
A-1110 Case 1 — Atmospheric Vertical Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
A-1120 Case 2 — Atmospheric Vertical Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
A-1130 Case 3 — Atmospheric/Pressure Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
A-1140 Case 4 — Atmospheric/Pressure Vertical Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
A-1150 Case 5 — Atmospheric/Vacuum Vertical Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
A-1160 Case 6 — Atmospheric/Pressure Horizontal Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
T-1273.2.1 An Example of Pressure Vessel Test Stressing Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
T-1273.2.2 An Example of In-Service, Pressure Vessel, Test Loading Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
A-1210 Case 1 — Vertical Pressure Vessel Dished Heads, Lug or Leg Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
A-1220 Case 2 — Vertical Pressure Vessel Dished Heads, Agitated, Baffled Lug, or Leg Support . . 349
A-1230 Case 3 — Horizontal Pressure Vessel Dished Heads, Saddle Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
A-1240 Case 4 — Vertical Pressure Vessel Packed or Trayed Column Dished Heads, Lug or Skirt
Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
A-1250 Case 5 — Spherical Pressure Vessel, Leg Supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
T-1331 Functional Flow Diagram — Continuous AE Monitoring System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
T-1332.2 Response of a Waveguide AE Sensor Inductively Tuned to 500 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
V-1333 Metal Waveguide AE Sensor Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
V-1341 Mounting Fixture for Steel Waveguide AE Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
II-1434 Flaw Characterization for Tables II-1434-1 and II-1434-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
T-1533 ACFMT Calibration Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
T-1622.1.1 Reference Plate Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
T-1622.1.2 Reference Pipe or Tube Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
T-1762 Pit Reference Tube (Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
T-1763.1(a) Voltage Plane Display of Differential Channel Response for Through-Wall Hole (Through-
Hole Signal) and 20% Groove Showing Preferred Angular Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396
T-1763.1(b) Voltage Plane Display of Differential Channel Response for the Tube Support Plate (TSP),
20% Groove, and Through-Wall Hole (Through-Hole Signal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396
T-1763.2 Reference Curve and the Absolute Channel Signal Response From Two Circumferential
Grooves and a Tube Support Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
T-1832 Reference Specimens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
T-1865.1 Signal Analysis From Various Types of Discontinuities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
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T-1865.2 Reflection From a Through-Wall Hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
A-1920 Illustration of the Guided Wave Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
TABLES
II-121-1 Initial Training and Experience Requirements for CR and DR Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
II-121-2 Additional Training and Experience Requirements for PAUT, TOFD, and FMC Ultrasonic
Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
II-122.1 Minimum CR and DR Examination Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
II-122.2 Minimum Ultrasonic Technique Examination Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
A-110 Imperfection vs. Type of NDE Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
T-233.1 Hole-Type IQI Designation, Thickness, and Hole Diameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40T-233.2 Wire IQI Designation, Wire Diameter, and Wire Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
T-276 IQI Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
T-283 Equivalent Hole-Type IQI Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
A-210-2 Double-Wall Radiographic Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
T-421 Requirements of an Ultrasonic Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
III-421 Requirements of a TOFD Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
IV-421 Manual Linear Phased Array Raster Scanning Examination Procedure Requirements . . . . . . 110
V-421 Requirements of Phased Array Linear Scanning Examination Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
VII-421 Requirements of an Ultrasonic Examination Procedure for Workmanship-Based Acceptance
Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
VIII-421 Requirements of an Ultrasonic Examination Procedure for Fracture-Mechanics-Based Accep-
tance Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
X-421 Requirements of an Ultrasonic Examination Procedure for HDPE Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
XI-421.1-1 Requirements of an FMC Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
D-490 Example Data Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
F-441-1 An Illustrated Elementary Transmit/Receive Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
F-471-1 Ultrasonic Imaging Paths/Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
G-461 Transducer Factor, F1, for Various Ultrasonic Transducer Diameters and Frequencies . . . . . . 156
O-432(a) Search Unit Parameters for Single Zone Examinations Up to 3 in. (75 mm) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
O-432(b) Search Unit Parameters for Multiple Zone Examinations Up to 12 in. (300 mm) Thick . . . . . 190
O-470 Recommended TOFD Zones for Butt Welds Up to 12 in. (300 mm) Thick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
T-522 Variables of an Ultrasonic Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
T-621.1 Requirements of a Liquid Penetrant Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
T-621.3 Minimum and Maximum Time Limits for Steps in Penetrant Examination Procedures . . . . . . 217
T-672 Minimum Dwell Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
T-721 Requirements of a Magnetic Particle Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
I-721 Requirements of AC Yoke Technique on Coated Ferritic Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
III-721 Requirements for an AC or HWDC Yoke Technique With Fluorescent Particles in an Undark-
ened Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
IV-721 Requirements for Qualifying Alternate Wavelength Light Sources for Excitation of Specific
Fluorescent Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
V-721 Requirements for the Magnetic Rubber Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
II-821 Requirements for an Eddy Current Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
IV-823 Requirements of an External Coil Eddy Current Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
V-821 Requirements of an Eddy Current Examination Procedure for the Measurement of
Nonconductive-Nonferromagnetic Coating Thickness on a Metallic Material . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
VI-821 Requirements of an Eddy Current Examination Procedure for the Detection and Measurement
of Depth for Surface Discontinuities in Nonferromagnetic Metallic Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
VII-823 Requirements of an Eddy Current Surface Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
VIII-821 Requirements for an Eddy Current Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
IX-822-1 Written Procedure Requirements for an ECA Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
X-822-1 Written Procedure Requirements for an ECA Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
T-921 Requirements of a Visual Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
I-1021 Requirements of a Direct Pressure Bubble Leak Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
II-1021 Requirements of a Vacuum Box Leak Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
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III-1021 Requirements of a Halogen Diode Detector Probe Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
III-1031 Tracer Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
IV-1021 Requirements of a Helium Mass Spectrometer Detector Probe Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . 296
V-1021 Requirements of a Helium Mass Spectrometer Tracer Probe Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . 299
VI-1021 Requirements of a Pressure Change Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
VIII-1021 Requirements of a Thermal Conductivity Detector Probe Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
VIII-1031 Tracer Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
IX-1021 Requirements of a Helium Mass Spectrometer Hood Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
X-1021 Requirements of an Ultrasonic Leak Testing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
XI-1021.1-1 Requirements of a Helium Mass Spectrometer Sealed-Object Leakage Rate Test . . . . . . . . . . . 313
T-1121 Requirements for Reduced Operating Level Immediately Prior to Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
T-1181 Evaluation Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
T-1281 An Example of Evaluation Criteria for Zone Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
II-1381 An Example of Evaluation Criteria for Zone Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
II-1382 An Example of Evaluation Criteria for Multisource Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
T-1472.1 Total Number of Samples for a Given Number of Misses at a Specified Confidence Level and
POD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
T-1472.2 Required Number of First Stage Examiners vs. Target Pass Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
II-1434-1 Flaw Acceptance Criteria for 4-in. to 12-in. Thick Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
II-1434-2 Flaw Acceptance Criteria for Larger Than 12-in. Thick Weld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
T-1522 Requirements of an ACFMT Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
T-1623 Requirements of an MFL Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
T-1721 Requirements of an RFT Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
T-1821 Requirements of an Acoustic Pulse Reflectometry Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
T-1921.1 Requirements of a GWT Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
II-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916
ENDNOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 921
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ð19ÞLIST OF SECTIONS
SECTIONS
I Rules for Construction of Power Boilers
II Materials
• Part A — Ferrous Material Specifications
• Part B — Nonferrous Material Specifications
• Part C — Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals
• Part D — Properties (Customary)
• Part D — Properties (Metric)
III Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility Components
• Subsection NCA — General Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2
• Appendices
• Division 1
– Subsection NB — Class 1 Components
– Subsection NC — Class 2 Components
– Subsection ND — Class 3 Components
– Subsection NE — Class MC Components
– Subsection NF — Supports
– Subsection NG — Core Support Structures
• Division 2 — Code for Concrete Containments
• Division 3 — Containment Systems for Transportation and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level
Radioactive Material
• Division 5 — High Temperature Reactors
IV Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers
V Nondestructive Examination
VI Recommended Rules for the Care and Operation of Heating Boilers
VII Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers
VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
• Division 1
• Division 2 — Alternative Rules
• Division 3 — Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels
IX Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications
X Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels
XI Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components
• Division 1 — Rules for Inspection and Testing of Components of Light-Water-Cooled Plants
• Division 2 — Requirements for Reliability and Integrity Management (RIM) Programs for Nuclear Power
Plants
XII Rules for Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks
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INTERPRETATIONS
Interpretations are issued in real time in ASME’s Interpretations Database at http://go.asme.org/Interpretations. His-
torical BPVC interpretations may also be found in the Database.
CODE CASES
The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code committees meet regularly to consider proposed additions and revisions to the
Code and to formulate Cases to clarify the intent of existing requirements or provide, when the need is urgent, rules for
materials or constructions not covered by existing Code rules. Those Cases that have been adopted will appear in the
appropriate 2019 Code Cases book: “Boilers and Pressure Vessels” or “Nuclear Components.” Each Code Cases book
is updated with seven Supplements. Supplements will be sent or made available automatically to the purchasers of
the Code Cases books up to the publication of the 2021 Code. Code Case users can check the current status of any Code
Case at http://go.asme.org/BPVCCDatabase. Code Case users can also view an index of the complete list of Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code Cases and Nuclear Code Cases at http://go.asme.org/BPVCC.
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ð19ÞFOREWORD*
In 1911, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers established the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee to for-
mulate standard rules for the construction of steam boilers and other pressure vessels. In 2009, the Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Committee was superseded by the following committees:
(a) Committee on Power Boilers (I)
(b) Committee on Materials (II)
(c) Committee on Construction of Nuclear Facility Components (III)
(d) Committee on Heating Boilers (IV)
(e) Committee on Nondestructive Examination (V)
(f) Committee on Pressure Vessels (VIII)
(g) Committee on Welding, Brazing, and Fusing (IX)
(h) Committee on Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels (X)
(i) Committee on Nuclear Inservice Inspection (XI)
(j) Committee on Transport Tanks (XII)
(k) Technical Oversight Management Committee (TOMC)
Where reference is made to “the Committee” in this Foreword, each of these committees is included individually and
collectively.
The Committee’s function is to establish rules of safety relating only to pressure integrity, which govern the
construction** of boilers, pressure vessels, transport tanks, and nuclear components, and the inservice inspection of nu-
clear components and transport tanks. The Committee also interprets these rules when questions arise regarding their
intent. The technical consistency of the Sections of the Code and coordination of standards development activities of the
Committees is supported and guided by the Technical Oversight Management Committee. This Code does not address
other safety issues relating to the construction of boilers, pressure vessels, transport tanks, or nuclear components, or
the inservice inspection of nuclear components or transport tanks. Users of the Code should refer to the pertinent codes,
standards, laws, regulations, or other relevant documents for safety issues other than those relating to pressure integ-
rity. Except for Sections XI and XII, and with a few other exceptions, the rules do not, of practical necessity, reflect the
likelihood and consequences of deterioration in service related to specific service fluids or external operating environ-
ments. In formulating the rules, the Committee considers the needs of users, manufacturers, and inspectors of pressure
vessels. The objective of the rules is to afford reasonably certain protection of life and property, and toprovide a margin
for deterioration in service to give a reasonably long, safe period of usefulness. Advancements in design and materials
and evidence of experience have been recognized.
This Code contains mandatory requirements, specific prohibitions, and nonmandatory guidance for construction ac-
tivities and inservice inspection and testing activities. The Code does not address all aspects of these activities and those
aspects that are not specifically addressed should not be considered prohibited. The Code is not a handbook and cannot
replace education, experience, and the use of engineering judgment. The phrase engineering judgment refers to technical
judgments made by knowledgeable engineers experienced in the application of the Code. Engineering judgments must
be consistent with Code philosophy, and such judgments must never be used to overrule mandatory requirements or
specific prohibitions of the Code.
The Committee recognizes that tools and techniques used for design and analysis change as technology progresses
and expects engineers to use good judgment in the application of these tools. The designer is responsible for complying
with Code rules and demonstrating compliance with Code equations when such equations are mandatory. The Code
neither requires nor prohibits the use of computers for the design or analysis of components constructed to the
* The information contained in this Foreword is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordance
with ANSI's requirements for an ANS. Therefore, this Foreword may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a con-
sensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the Code.
** Construction, as used in this Foreword, is an all-inclusive term comprising materials, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, testing,
certification, and pressure relief.
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Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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requirements of the Code. However, designers and engineers using computer programs for design or analysis are cau-
tioned that they are responsible for all technical assumptions inherent in the programs they use and the application of
these programs to their design.
The rules established by the Committee are not to be interpreted as approving, recommending, or endorsing any pro-
prietary or specific design, or as limiting in any way the manufacturer’s freedom to choose any method of design or any
form of construction that conforms to the Code rules.
The Committee meets regularly to consider revisions of the rules, new rules as dictated by technological development,
Code Cases, and requests for interpretations. Only the Committee has the authority to provide official interpretations of
this Code. Requests for revisions, new rules, Code Cases, or interpretations shall be addressed to the Secretary in writing
and shall give full particulars in order to receive consideration and action (see Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees). Proposed revisions to the Code resulting from inquiries will be pre-
sented to the Committee for appropriate action. The action of the Committee becomes effective only after confirmation
by ballot of the Committee and approval by ASME. Proposed revisions to the Code approved by the Committee are sub-
mitted to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and published at http://go.asme.org/BPVCPublicReview to
invite comments from all interested persons. After public review and final approval by ASME, revisions are published at
regular intervals in Editions of the Code.
The Committee does not rule on whether a component shall or shall not be constructed to the provisions of the Code.
The scope of each Section has been established to identify the components and parameters considered by the Committee
in formulating the Code rules.
Questions or issues regarding compliance of a specific component with the Code rules are to be directed to the ASME
Certificate Holder (Manufacturer). Inquiries concerning the interpretation of the Code are to be directed to the Commit-
tee. ASME is to be notified should questions arise concerning improper use of the ASME Single Certification Mark.
When required by context in this Section, the singular shall be interpreted as the plural, and vice versa, and the fem-
inine, masculine, or neuter gender shall be treated as such other gender as appropriate.
xxviii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
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Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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ð19Þ
ð19Þ
STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF THE ASME SINGLE
CERTIFICATION MARK AND CODE AUTHORIZATION IN
ADVERTISING
ASME has established procedures to authorize qualified organizations to perform various activities in accordance
with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. It is the aim of the Society to provide recognition
of organizations so authorized. An organization holding authorization to perform various activities in accordance with
the requirements of the Code may state this capability in its advertising literature.
Organizations that are authorized to use the ASME Single Certification Mark for marking items or constructions that
have been constructed and inspected in compliance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code are issued Certifi-
cates of Authorization. It is the aim of the Society to maintain the standing of the ASME Single Certification Mark for the
benefit of the users, the enforcement jurisdictions, and the holders of the ASME Single Certification Mark who comply
with all requirements.
Based on these objectives, the following policy has been established on the usage in advertising of facsimiles of the
ASME Single Certification Mark, Certificates of Authorization, and reference to Code construction. The American Society
of Mechanical Engineers does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, or activity and there
shall be no statements or implications that might so indicate. An organization holding the ASME Single Certification Mark
and/or a Certificate of Authorization may state in advertising literature that items, constructions, or activities “are built
(produced or performed) or activities conducted in accordance with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code,” or “meet the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.”An ASME corporate logo shall not
be used by any organization other than ASME.
The ASME Single Certification Mark shall be used only for stamping and nameplates as specifically provided in the
Code. However, facsimiles may be used for the purpose of fostering the use of such construction. Such usage may be
by an association or a society, or by a holder of the ASME Single Certification Mark who may also use the facsimile
in advertising to show that clearly specified items will carry the ASME Single Certification Mark.
STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF ASME MARKING TO
IDENTIFY MANUFACTURED ITEMS
The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code provides rules for the construction of boilers, pressure vessels, and nuclear
components. This includes requirements for materials, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, and stamping. Items
constructed in accordance with all of the applicablerules of the Code are identified with the ASME Single Certification
Mark described in the governing Section of the Code.
Markings such as “ASME,” “ASME Standard,” or any other marking including “ASME” or the ASME Single Certification
Mark shall not be used on any item that is not constructed in accordance with all of the applicable requirements of the
Code.
Items shall not be described on ASME Data Report Forms nor on similar forms referring to ASME that tend to imply
that all Code requirements have been met when, in fact, they have not been. Data Report Forms covering items not fully
complying with ASME requirements should not refer to ASME or they should clearly identify all exceptions to the ASME
requirements.
xxix
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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ð19Þ SUBMITTAL OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES TO THE BOILER AND
PRESSURE VESSEL STANDARDS COMMITTEES
1 INTRODUCTION
(a) The following information provides guidance to Code users for submitting technical inquiries to the applicable
Boiler and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Standards Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Committee). See the guidelines
on approval of new materials under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in Section II, Part D for requirements for
requests that involve adding new materials to the Code. See the guidelines on approval of new welding and brazing ma-
terials in Section II, Part C for requirements for requests that involve adding new welding and brazing materials (“con-
sumables”) to the Code.
Technical inquiries can include requests for revisions or additions to the Code requirements, requests for Code Cases,
or requests for Code Interpretations, as described below:
(1) Code Revisions. Code revisions are considered to accommodate technological developments, to address admin-
istrative requirements, to incorporate Code Cases, or to clarify Code intent.
(2) Code Cases. Code Cases represent alternatives or additions to existing Code requirements. Code Cases are writ-
ten as a Question and Reply, and are usually intended to be incorporated into the Code at a later date. When used, Code
Cases prescribe mandatory requirements in the same sense as the text of the Code. However, users are cautioned that
not all regulators, jurisdictions, or Owners automatically accept Code Cases. The most common applications for Code
Cases are as follows:
(-a) to permit early implementation of an approved Code revision based on an urgent need
(-b) to permit use of a new material for Code construction
(-c) to gain experience with new materials or alternative requirements prior to incorporation directly into the
Code
(3) Code Interpretations
(-a) Code Interpretations provide clarification of the meaning of existing requirements in the Code and are pre-
sented in Inquiry and Reply format. Interpretations do not introduce new requirements.
(-b) If existing Code text does not fully convey the meaning that was intended, or conveys conflicting require-
ments, and revision of the requirements is required to support the Interpretation, an Intent Interpretation will be issued
in parallel with a revision to the Code.
(b) Code requirements, Code Cases, and Code Interpretations established by the Committee are not to be considered
as approving, recommending, certifying, or endorsing any proprietary or specific design, or as limiting in any way the
freedom of manufacturers, constructors, or Owners to choose any method of design or any form of construction that
conforms to the Code requirements.
(c) Inquiries that do not comply with the following guidance or that do not provide sufficient information for the Com-
mittee’s full understanding may result in the request being returned to the Inquirer with no action.
2 INQUIRY FORMAT
Submittals to the Committee should include the following information:
(a) Purpose. Specify one of the following:
(1) request for revision of present Code requirements
(2) request for new or additional Code requirements
(3) request for Code Case
(4) request for Code Interpretation
(b) Background. The Inquirer should provide the information needed for the Committee’s understanding of the In-
quiry, being sure to include reference to the applicable Code Section, Division, Edition, Addenda (if applicable), para-
graphs, figures, and tables. Preferably, the Inquirer should provide a copy of, or relevant extracts from, the specific
referenced portions of the Code.
xxx
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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(c) Presentations. The Inquirer may desire to attend or be asked to attend a meeting of the Committee to make a for-
mal presentation or to answer questions from the Committee members with regard to the Inquiry. Attendance at a BPV
Standards Committee meeting shall be at the expense of the Inquirer. The Inquirer’s attendance or lack of attendance at
a meeting will not be used by the Committee as a basis for acceptance or rejection of the Inquiry by the Committee. How-
ever, if the Inquirer’s request is unclear, attendance by the Inquirer or a representative may be necessary for the Com-
mittee to understand the request sufficiently to be able to provide an Interpretation. If the Inquirer desires to make a
presentation at a Committee meeting, the Inquirer should provide advance notice to the Committee Secretary, to ensure
time will be allotted for the presentation in the meeting agenda. The Inquirer should consider the need for additional
audiovisual equipment that might not otherwise be provided by the Committee. With sufficient advance notice to the
Committee Secretary, such equipment may be made available.
3 CODE REVISIONS OR ADDITIONS
Requests for Code revisions or additions should include the following information:
(a) Requested Revisions or Additions. For requested revisions, the Inquirer should identify those requirements of the
Code that they believe should be revised, and should submit a copy of, or relevant extracts from, the appropriate require-
ments as they appear in the Code, marked up with the requested revision. For requested additions to the Code, the In-
quirer should provide the recommended wording and should clearly indicate where they believe the additions should be
located in the Code requirements.
(b) Statement of Need. The Inquirer should provide a brief explanation of the need for the revision or addition.
(c) Background Information. The Inquirer should provide background information to support the revision or addition,
including any data or changes in technology that form the basis for the request, that will allow the Committee to ade-
quately evaluate the requested revision or addition. Sketches, tables, figures, and graphs should be submitted, as appro-
priate. The Inquirer should identify any pertinent portions of the Code that would be affected by the revision or addition
and any portions of the Code that reference the requested revised or added paragraphs.
4 CODE CASES
Requests for Code Cases should be accompanied by a statement of need and background information similar to that
described in 3(b) and 3(c), respectively, for Code revisions or additions. The urgency of the Code Case (e.g., projectun-
derway or imminent, new procedure) should be described. In addition, it is important that the request is in connection
with equipment that will bear the ASME Single Certification Mark, with the exception of Section XI applications. The pro-
posed Code Case should identify the Code Section and Division, and should be written as a Question and a Reply, in the
same format as existing Code Cases. Requests for Code Cases should also indicate the applicable Code Editions and Ad-
denda (if applicable) to which the requested Code Case applies.
5 CODE INTERPRETATIONS
(a) Requests for Code Interpretations should be accompanied by the following information:
(1) Inquiry. The Inquirer should propose a condensed and precise Inquiry, omitting superfluous background infor-
mation and, when possible, composing the Inquiry in such a way that a “yes” or a “no” Reply, with brief limitations or
conditions, if needed, can be provided by the Committee. The proposed question should be technically and editorially
correct.
(2) Reply. The Inquirer should propose a Reply that clearly and concisely answers the proposed Inquiry question.
Preferably, the Reply should be “yes” or “no,” with brief limitations or conditions, if needed.
(3) Background Information. The Inquirer should provide any need or background information, such as described in
3(b) and 3(c), respectively, for Code revisions or additions, that will assist the Committee in understanding the proposed
Inquiry and Reply.
If the Inquirer believes a revision of the Code requirements would be helpful to support the Interpretation, the In-
quirer may propose such a revision for consideration by the Committee. In most cases, such a proposal is not necessary.
(b) Requests for Code Interpretations should be limited to an Interpretation of a particular requirement in the Code or
in a Code Case. Except with regard to interpreting a specific Code requirement, the Committee is not permitted to con-
sider consulting-type requests such as the following:
(1) a review of calculations, design drawings, welding qualifications, or descriptions of equipment or parts to de-
termine compliance with Code requirements
xxxi
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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(2) a request for assistance in performing any Code-prescribed functions relating to, but not limited to, material
selection, designs, calculations, fabrication, inspection, pressure testing, or installation
(3) a request seeking the rationale for Code requirements
6 SUBMITTALS
(a) Submittal. Requests for Code Interpretation should preferably be submitted through the online Interpretation Sub-
mittal Form. The form is accessible at http://go.asme.org/InterpretationRequest. Upon submittal of the form, the In-
quirer will receive an automatic e-mail confirming receipt. If the Inquirer is unable to use the online form, the
Inquirer may mail the request to the following address:
Secretary
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
Two Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990
All other Inquiries should be mailed to the Secretary of the BPV Committee at the address above. Inquiries are unlikely
to receive a response if they are not written in clear, legible English. They must also include the name of the Inquirer and
the company they represent or are employed by, if applicable, and the Inquirer’s address, telephone number, fax num-
ber, and e-mail address, if available.
(b) Response. The Secretary of the appropriate Committee will provide a written response, via letter or e-mail, as ap-
propriate, to the Inquirer, upon completion of the requested action by the Committee. Inquirers may track the status of
their Interpretation Request at http://go.asme.org/Interpretations.
xxxii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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ð19ÞPERSONNEL
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees,
Subgroups, and Working Groups
January 1, 2019
TECHNICAL OVERSIGHT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE (TOMC)
T. P. Pastor, Chair
S. C. Roberts, Vice Chair
S. J. Rossi, Staff Secretary
R. W. Barnes
R. J. Basile
T. L. Bedeaux
D. L. Berger
D. A. Bowers
J. Cameron
A. Chaudouet
D. B. DeMichael
R. P. Deubler
P. D. Edwards
J. G. Feldstein
N. A. Finney
J. A. Hall
T. E. Hansen
G. W. Hembree
J. F. Henry
R. S. Hill III
W. M. Lundy
R. E. McLaughlin
G. C. Park
M. D. Rana
R. F. Reedy, Sr.
F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
G. Scribner
B. F. Shelley
W. J. Sperko
D. Srnic
R. W. Swayne
J. E. Batey, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Research and Development (TOMC)
R. W. Barnes, Chair
S. J. Rossi, Staff Secretary
D. A. Canonico
J. F. Henry
R. S. Hill III
W. Hoffelner
B. Hrubala
T. P. Pastor
S. C. Roberts
D. Andrei, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Strategic Initiatives (TOMC)
S. C. Roberts, Chair
S. J. Rossi, Staff Secretary
R. W. Barnes
T. L. Bedeaux
G. W. Hembree
J. F. Henry
R. S. Hill III
B. Hrubala
M. H. Jawad
R. E. McLaughlin
G. C. Park
T. P. Pastor
R. F. Reedy, Sr.
Special Working Group on High Temperature Technology (TOMC)
D. Dewees, Chair
F. W. Brust
T. D. Burchell
P. R. Donavin
B. F. Hantz
J. F. Henry
R. I. Jetter
P. Smith
HONORARY MEMBERS (MAIN COMMITTEE)
F. P. Barton
T. M. Cullen
G. E. Feigel
O. F. Hedden
M. H. Jawad
A. J. Justin
W. G. Knecht
J. LeCoff
T. G. McCarty
G. C. Millman
R. A. Moen
R. F. Reedy, Sr.
ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE
T. P. Pastor, Chair
S. C. Roberts, Vice Chair
S. J. Rossi, Staff Secretary
R. J. Basile
D. A. Bowers
J. Cameron
D. B. DeMichael
J. A. Hall
G. W. Hembree
R. S. Hill III
R. E. McLaughlin
M. D. Rana
B. F. Shelley
R. R. Stevenson
R. W. Swayne
MARINE CONFERENCE GROUP
H. N. Patel, Chair
S. J. Rossi, Staff Secretary
J. G. Hungerbuhler, Jr.
G. Nair
N. Prokopuk
J. D. Reynolds
xxxiii
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CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
C. B. Cantrell — Nebraska, Chair
J. T. Amato — Minnesota, Vice
Chair
D. A. Douin — Ohio, Secretary
M. J. Adams — Ontario, Canada
W. Anderson — Mississippi
R. Becker — Colorado
R. J. Brockman — Missouri
R. J. Bunte — Iowa
J. H. Burpee — Maine
M. J. Byrum — Alabama
S. Chapman — Tennessee
D. C. Cook — California
B. J. Crawford — Georgia
E. L. Creaser — New Brunswick,
Canada
J. J. Dacanay — Hawaii
C. Dautrich — North Carolina
R. DeLury — Manitoba, Canada
D. Eastman — Newfoundland and
Labrador, Canada
D. A. Ehler — Nova Scotia, Canada
J. J. Esch — Delaware
T. J. Granneman II — Oklahoma
E. G. Hilton — Virginia
C. Jackson — City of Detroit,
Michigan
M. L. Jordan — Kentucky
E. Kawa, Jr. — Massachusetts
A. Khssassi — Quebec, Canada
J. Klug — City of Milwaukee,
Wisconsin
K. J. Kraft — Maryland
K. S. Lane — Alaska
L. C. Leet — City of Seattle,
Washington
J. LeSage, Jr. — Louisiana
A. M. Lorimor — South Dakota
M. Mailman — Northwest
Territories, Canada
D. E. Mallory — New Hampshire
W. McGivney — City of New York,
New York
A.K. Oda — Washington
L. E. Parkey — Indiana
M. Poehlmann — Alberta, Canada
J. F. Porcella — West Virginia
C. F. Reyes — California
M. J. Ryan — City of Chicago,
Illinois
D. A. Sandfoss — Nevada
M. H. Sansone — New York
A. S. Scholl — British Columbia,
Canada
T. S. Seime — North Dakota
C. S. Selinger — Saskatchewan,
Canada
J. E. Sharier — Ohio
N. Smith — Pennsylvania
R. Spiker — North Carolina
D. J. Stenrose — Michigan
R. J. Stimson II — Kansas
R. K. Sturm — Utah
D. K. Sullivan — Arkansas
R. Tomka — Oregon
S. R. Townsend — Prince Edward
Island, Canada
R. D. Troutt — Texas
M. C. Vogel — Illinois
T. J. Waldbillig — Wisconsin
D. M. Warburton — Florida
M. Washington — New Jersey
INTERNATIONAL INTEREST REVIEW GROUP
V. Felix
Y.-G. Kim
S. H. Leong
W. Lin
O. F. Manafa
C. Minu
Y.-W. Park
A. R. R. Nogales
P. Williamson
COMMITTEE ON POWER BOILERS (BPV I)
R. E. McLaughlin, Chair
E. M. Ortman, Vice Chair
U. D’Urso, Staff Secretary
D. I. Anderson
J. L. Arnold
D. L. Berger
K. K. Coleman
P. D. Edwards
J. G. Feldstein
G. W. Galanes
T. E. Hansen
J. F. Henry
J. S. Hunter
G. B. Komora
F. Massi
L. Moedinger
P. A. Molvie
Y. Oishi
J. T. Pillow
M. Slater
J. M. Tanzosh
D. E. Tompkins
D. E. Tuttle
J. Vattappilly
M. Wadkinson
R. V. Wielgoszinski
F. Zeller
H. Michael, Delegate
D. A. Canonico, Honorary Member
D. N. French, Honorary Member
J. Hainsworth, Honorary Member
C. Jeerings, Honorary Member
W. L. Lowry, Honorary Member
J. R. MacKay, Honorary Member
T. C. McGough, Honorary Member
B. W. Roberts, Honorary Member
R. D. Schueler, Jr., Honorary
Member
R. L. Williams, Honorary Member
L. W. Yoder, Honorary Member
Subgroup on Design (BPV I)
J. Vattappilly, Chair
G. B. Komora, Vice Chair
D. I. Anderson, Secretary
D. Dewees
H. A. Fonzi, Jr.
J. P. Glaspie
L. Krupp
P. A. Molvie
L. S. Tsai
M. Wadkinson
C. F. Jeerings, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Fabrication and Examination (BPV I)
J. L. Arnold, Chair
P. F. Gilston, Vice Chair
P. Becker, Secretary
D. L. Berger
S. Fincher
G. W. Galanes
J. Hainsworth
T. E. Hansen
P. Jennings
C. T. McDaris
R. E. McLaughlin
R. J. Newell
Y. Oishi
J. T. Pillow
R. V. Wielgoszinski
Subgroup on General Requirements and Piping (BPV I)
E. M. Ortman, Chair
D. E. Tompkins, Vice Chair
F. Massi, Secretary
P. Becker
D. L. Berger
P. D. Edwards
T. E. Hansen
M. Ishikawa
M. Lemmons
R. E. McLaughlin
B. J. Mollitor
J. T. Pillow
D. E. Tuttle
M. Wadkinson
R. V. Wielgoszinski
C. F. Jeerings, Contributing Member
W. L. Lowry, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Locomotive Boilers (BPV I)
P. Boschan, Chair
J. R. Braun, Vice Chair
S. M. Butler, Secretary
A. Biesecker
C. Cross
R. C. Franzen, Jr.
G. W. Galanes
D. W. Griner
S. D. Jackson
M. A. Janssen
S. A. Lee
L. Moedinger
G. M. Ray
R. B. Stone
M. W. Westland
xxxiv
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Subgroup on Materials (BPV I)
K. K. Coleman, Chair
K. Hayes, Vice Chair
M. Lewis, Secretary
S. H. Bowes
D. A. Canonico
G. W. Galanes
P. F. Gilston
J. F. Henry
J. S. Hunter
E. Liebl
F. Masuyama
M. Ortolani
D. W. Rahoi
J. M. Tanzosh
J. Vattappilly
F. Zeller
M. Gold, Contributing Member
B. W. Roberts, Contributing
Member
Subgroup on Solar Boilers (BPV I)
P. Jennings, Chair
R. E. Hearne, Secretary
H. A. Fonzi, Jr.
J. S. Hunter
F. Massi
E. M. Ortman
Task Group on Modernization (BPV I)
D. I. Anderson, Chair
U. D’Urso, Staff Secretary
J. L. Arnold
D. Dewees
G. W. Galanes
J. P. Glaspie
T. E. Hansen
J. F. Henry
R. E. McLaughlin
P. A. Molvie
E. M. Ortman
D. E. Tuttle
J. Vattappilly
Germany International Working Group (BPV I)
A. Spangenberg, Chair
M. Bremicker
P. Chavdarov
B. Daume
J. Fleischfresser
R. Helmholdt
R. Kauer
D. Koelbl
S. Krebs
T. Ludwig
R. A. Meyers
H. Michael
F. Miunske
B. Müller
H. Schroeder
M. Sykora
J. Henrichsmeyer, Contributing
Member
P. Paluszkiewicz, Contributing
Member
R. Uebel, Contributing Member
India International Working Group (BPV I)
H. Dalal, Chair
A. R. Patil, Vice Chair
T. Dhanraj, Secretary
P. Brahma
M. R. Kalahasthi
S. A. Kumar
A. J. Patil
S. Purkait
S. Radhakrishnan
G. V. S. Rao
M. G. Rao
U. Revisankaran
G. U. Shanker
D. K. Shrivastava
K. Singha
S. Venkataramana
COMMITTEE ON MATERIALS (BPV II)
J. Cameron, Chair
J. F. Grubb, Vice Chair
C. E. O’Brien, Staff Secretary
A. Appleton
A. Chaudouet
J. R. Foulds
D. W. Gandy
J. A. Hall
J. F. Henry
K. M. Hottle
M. Ishikawa
F. Masuyama
K. E. Orie
D. W. Rahoi
E. Shapiro
M. J. Slater
R. C. Sutherlin
J. M. Tanzosh
R. G. Young
F. Zeller
O. Oldani, Delegate
F. Abe, Contributing Member
H. D. Bushfield, Contributing
Member
D. A. Canonico, Contributing
Member
D. B. Denis, Contributing Member
J. D. Fritz, Contributing Member
M. Gold, Contributing Member
W. Hoffelner, Contributing Member
M. Katcher, Contributing Member
R. K. Nanstad, Contributing
Member
M. L. Nayyar, Contributing Member
D. T. Peters, Contributing Member
B. W. Roberts, Contributing
Member
J. J. Sanchez-Hanton, Contributing
Member
R. W. Swindeman, Contributing
Member
E. Upitis, Contributing Member
T. M. Cullen, Honorary Member
W. D. Edsall, Honorary Member
G. C. Hsu, Honorary Member
R. A. Moen, Honorary Member
C. E. Spaeder, Jr., Honorary
Member
A. W. Zeuthen, Honorary Member
Executive Committee (BPV II)
J. Cameron, Chair
C. E. O’Brien, Staff Secretary
A. Appleton
A. Chaudouet
M. Gold
J. F. Grubb
J. F. Henry
M. Ishikawa
D. L. Kurle
R. W. Mikitka
E. Shapiro
M. J. Slater
R. C. Sutherlin
R. W. Swindeman
Subgroup on External Pressure (BPV II)
D. L. Kurle, Chair
S. Guzey, Vice Chair
J. A. A. Morrow, Secretary
L. F. Campbell
H. Chen
D. S. Griffin
J. F. Grubb
M. H. Jawad
S. Krishnamurthy
R. W. Mikitka
C. R. Thomas
M. Wadkinson
M. Katcher, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Ferrous Specifications (BPV II)
A. Appleton, Chair
K. M. Hottle, Vice Chair
C. Hyde, Secretary
H. Chen
B. M. Dingman
M. J. Dosdourian
O. Elkadim
D. Fialkowski
M. Gold
T. Graham
J. M. Grocki
J. F. Grubb
J. Gundlach
D. S. Janikowski
L. J. Lavezzi
S. G. Lee
W. C. Mack
A. S. Melilli
K. E. Orie
D. Poweleit
J. Shick
E. Upitis
R. Zawierucha
J. D. Fritz, Contributing Member
xxxv
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Subgroup on International Material Specifications (BPV II)
M. Ishikawa, Chair
A. R. Nywening, Vice Chair
B. Mruk, Secretary
A. Chaudouet
P. Chavdarov
H. Chen
A. F. Garbolevsky
D. O. Henry
W. M. Lundy
E. Upitis
F. Zeller
O. Oldani, Delegate
D. A. Canonico, Contributing
Member
H. Lorenz, Contributing Member
T. F. Miskell, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Nonferrous Alloys (BPV II)
E. Shapiro, Chair
S. Yem, Vice Chair
J. Robertson, Secretary
R. Beldyk
J. Calland
J. M. Downs
J. F. Grubb
D. Maitra
J. A. McMaster
D. W. Rahoi
W. Ren
R. C. Sutherlin
J. Weritz
R. Wright
D. B. Denis, Contributing Member
M. Katcher, Contributing Member
D. T. Peters, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Physical Properties (BPV II)
J. F. Grubb, Chair
G. Aurioles,Sr.
D. Chandiramani
P. Chavdarov
H. Eshraghi
B. F. Hantz
R. D. Jones
P. K. Lam
S. Neilsen
D. W. Rahoi
P. K. Rai
E. Shapiro
M. S. Shelton
D. K. Verma
S. Yem
H. D. Bushfield, Contributing
Member
D. B. Denis, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Strength, Ferrous Alloys (BPV II)
M. J. Slater, Chair
S. W. Knowles, Vice Chair
D. A. Canonico
A. Di Rienzo
J. R. Foulds
J. A. Hall
J. F. Henry
F. Masuyama
T. Ono
M. Ortolani
D. W. Rahoi
M. S. Shelton
J. M. Tanzosh
R. G. Young
F. Zeller
F. Abe, Contributing Member
M. Gold, Contributing Member
M. Nair, Contributing Member
B. W. Roberts, Contributing
Member
Subgroup on Strength of Weldments (BPV II & BPV IX)
G. W. Galanes, Chair
K. L. Hayes, Vice Chair
S. H. Bowes
K. K. Coleman
M. Denault
P. D. Flenner
J. R. Foulds
D. W. Gandy
M. Ghahremani
J. F. Henry
E. Liebl
W. F. Newell, Jr.
J. Penso
D. W. Rahoi
B. W. Roberts
W. J. Sperko
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
J. M. Tanzosh
M. Gold, Contributing Member
J. J. Sanchez-Hanton, Contributing
Member
Working Group on Materials Database (BPV II)
J. F. Henry, Chair
C. E. O’Brien, Staff Secretary
F. Abe
J. R. Foulds
M. J. Slater
R. C. Sutherlin
D. Andrei, Contributing Member
J. L. Arnold, Contributing Member
J. Grimes, Contributing Member
W. Hoffelner, Contributing Member
D. T. Peters, Contributing Member
W. Ren, Contributing Member
B. W. Roberts, Contributing
Member
R. W. Swindeman, Contributing
Member
Working Group on Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steels (BPV II)
J. F. Henry, Chair
M. Ortolani, Vice Chair
J. A. Siefert, Secretary
S. H. Bowes
D. A. Canonico
K. K. Coleman
P. D. Flenner
J. R. Foulds
G. W. Galanes
M. Lang
F. Masuyama
T. Melfi
W. F. Newell, Jr.
J. Parker
J. J. Sanchez-Hanton
W. J. Sperko
J. M. Tanzosh
R. H. Worthington
R. G. Young
F. Zeller
F. Abe, Contributing Member
G. Cumino, Contributing Member
B. W. Roberts, Contributing
Member
R. W. Swindeman, Contributing
Member
Working Group on Data Analysis (BPV II)
J. F. Grubb, Chair
J. R. Foulds
J. F. Henry
F. Masuyama
M. Ortolani
W. Ren
M. Subanovic
M. J. Swindeman
F. Abe, Contributing Member
M. Gold, Contributing Member
W. Hoffelner, Contributing Member
M. Katcher, Contributing Member
D. T. Peters, Contributing Member
B. W. Roberts, Contributing
Member
R. W. Swindeman, Contributing
Member
China International Working Group (BPV II)
A. T. Xu, Secretary
W. Fang
Q. C. Feng
S. Huo
F. Kong
H. Li
J. Li
S. Li
Z. Rongcan
S. Tan
C. Wang
J. Wang
Q.-J. Wang
X. Wang
F. Yang
G. Yang
H.-C. Yang
J. Yang
R. Ye
L. Yin
D. Zhang
H. Zhang
X.-H. Zhang
Yingkai Zhang
Yong Zhang
Q. Zhao
S. Zhao
xxxvi
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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COMMITTEE ON CONSTRUCTION OF NUCLEAR FACILITY
COMPONENTS (BPV III)
R. S. Hill III, Chair
R. B. Keating, Vice Chair
J. C. Minichiello, Vice Chair
A. Byk, Staff Secretary
T. M. Adams
A. Appleton
R. W. Barnes
W. H. Borter
C. W. Bruny
T. D. Burchell
R. P. Deubler
P. R. Donavin
A. C. Eberhardt
J. V. Gardiner
J. Grimm
S. Hunter
R. M. Jessee
R. I. Jetter
C. C. Kim
G. H. Koo
V. Kostarev
M. A. Lockwood
K. A. Manoly
D. E. Matthews
M. N. Mitchell
M. Morishita
D. K. Morton
T. Nagata
J. E. Nestell
E. L. Pleins
R. F. Reedy, Sr.
I. Saito
S. Sham
G. J. Solovey
W. K. Sowder, Jr.
W. J. Sperko
J. P. Tucker
C. S. Withers
H.-T. Wang, Delegate
C. T. Smith, Contributing Member
M. Zhou, Contributing Member
E. B. Branch, Honorary Member
G. D. Cooper, Honorary Member
D. F. Landers, Honorary Member
R. A. Moen, Honorary Member
C. J. Pieper, Honorary Member
K. R. Wichman, Honorary Member
Executive Committee (BPV III)
R. S. Hill III, Chair
A. Byk, Staff Secretary
T. M. Adams
C. W. Bruny
P. R. Donavin
J. V. Gardiner
J. Grimm
R. B. Keating
J. C. Minichiello
J. A. Munshi
J. E. Nestell
S. Sham
G. J. Solovey
W. K. Sowder, Jr.
Subcommittee on Design (BPV III)
P. R. Donavin, Chair
T. M. Adams, Vice Chair
R. L. Bratton
C. W. Bruny
R. P. Deubler
M. A. Gray
S. Horowitz
R. I. Jetter
R. B. Keating
K. A. Manoly
R. J. Masterson
D. E. Matthews
S. McKillop
M. N. Mitchell
W. J. O’Donnell, Sr.
S. Sham
J. P. Tucker
W. F. Weitze
T. Yamazaki
J. Yang
R. S. Hill III, Contributing Member
G. L. Hollinger, Contributing
Member
M. H. Jawad, Contributing Member
K. Wright, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Component Design (SC-D) (BPV III)
T. M. Adams, Chair
R. B. Keating, Vice Chair
S. Pellet, Secretary
D. J. Ammerman
G. A. Antaki
S. Asada
J. F. Ball
C. Basavaraju
D. Chowdhury
R. P. Deubler
P. Hirschberg
M. Kassar
O.-S. Kim
H. Kobayashi
K. A. Manoly
R. J. Masterson
D. E. Matthews
J. C. Minichiello
D. K. Morton
T. M. Musto
T. Nagata
I. Saito
G. C. Slagis
J. R. Stinson
G. Z. Tokarski
J. P. Tucker
P. Vock
C. Wilson
J. Yang
C. W. Bruny, Contributing Member
A. A. Dermenjian, Contributing
Member
K. R. Wichman, Honorary Member
Working Group on Core Support Structures (SG-CD) (BPV III)
J. Yang, Chair
D. Keck, Secretary
L. C. Hartless
J. F. Kielb
T. Liszkai
H. S. Mehta
M. Nakajima
M. D. Snyder
R. Vollmer
T. M. Wiger
Y. Wong
R. Z. Ziegler
Working Group on Design of Division 3 Containment Systems
(SG-CD) (BPV III)
D. J. Ammerman, Chair
G. Bjorkman
V. Broz
S. Horowitz
S. Klein
D. W. Lewis
J. C. Minichiello
D. K. Morton
X. Zhai
X. Zhang
D. Dunn, Alternate
I. D. McInnes, Contributing Member
H. P. Shrivastava, Contributing
Member
Working Group on HDPE Design of Components (SG-CD) (BPV III)
T. M. Musto, Chair
J. Ossmann, Secretary
T. M. Adams
T. A. Bacon
M. Brandes
S. Choi
J. R. Hebeisen
P. Krishnaswamy
K. A. Manoly
M. Martin
J. C. Minichiello
D. P. Munson
F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
R. Stakenborghs
J. Wright
M. T. Audrain, Alternate
D. Burwell, Contributing Member
xxxvii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Working Group on Piping (SG-CD) (BPV III)
G. A. Antaki, Chair
G. Z. Tokarski, Secretary
T. M. Adams
T. A. Bacon
C. Basavaraju
J. Catalano
F. Claeys
C. M. Faidy
R. G. Gilada
N. M. Graham
M. A. Gray
R. J. Gurdal
R. W. Haupt
A. Hirano
P. Hirschberg
M. Kassar
J. Kawahata
R. B. Keating
V. Kostarev
D. Lieb
T. B. Littleton
J. F. McCabe
J. C. Minichiello
I.-K. Nam
G. C. Slagis
N. C. Sutherland
C.-I. Wu
Y. Liu, Contributing Member
A. N. Nguyen, Contributing Member
M. S. Sills, Contributing Member
E. A. Wais, Contributing Member
Working Group on Pressure Relief (SG-CD) (BPV III)
J. F. Ball, Chair
J. W. Dickson
S. Jones
R. Krithivasan
R. Lack
K. R. May
D. Miller
T. Patel
K. Shores
I. H. Tseng
J. Yu
N. J. Hansing, Alternate
B. J. Yonsky, Alternate
S. T. French, Contributing Member
D. B. Ross, Contributing Member
Working Group on Pumps (SG-CD) (BPV III)
D. Chowdhury, Chair
J. V. Gregg, Jr., Secretary
X. Di
M. D. Eftychiou
C. Gabhart
J. Kikushima
R. Klein
R. Ladefian
W. Lienau
K. J. Noel
R. A. Patrick
J. Sulley
A. G. Washburn
Y. Wong
Working Group on Supports (SG-CD) (BPV III)
J. R. Stinson, Chair
U. S. Bandyopadhyay, Secretary
K. Avrithi
T. H. Baker
F. J. Birch
R. P.Deubler
N. M. Graham
R. J. Masterson
S. Pellet
I. Saito
C. Stirzel
G. Z. Tokarski
A. Tsirigotis
L. Vandership
P. Wiseman
J. Huang, Alternate
Working Group on Valves (SG-CD) (BPV III)
P. Vock, Chair
S. Jones, Secretary
M. C. Buckley
R. Farrell
G. A. Jolly
J. Lambin
T. Lippucci
C. A. Mizer
H. O’Brien
J. O’Callaghan
K. E. Reid II
J. Sulley
I. H. Tseng
J. P. Tucker
N. J. Hansing, Alternate
Working Group on Vessels (SG-CD) (BPV III)
D. E. Matthews, Chair
S. Willoughby, Secretary
J. Arthur
C. Basavaraju
M. Kassar
R. B. Keating
D. Keck
J. I. Kim
O.-S. Kim
T. Mitsuhashi
D. Murphy
T. J. Schriefer
M. C. Scott
P. K. Shah
J. Shupert
C. Turylo
D. Vlaicu
C. Wilson
T. Yamazaki
R. Z. Ziegler
B. Basu, Contributing Member
A. Kalnins, Contributing Member
W. F. Weitze, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Design Methods (SC-D) (BPV III)
C. W. Bruny, Chair
P. R. Donavin, Vice Chair
S. McKillop, Secretary
K. Avrithi
L. Davies
S. R. Gosselin
M. A. Gray
J. V. Gregg, Jr.
H. T. Harrison III
K. Hsu
D. Keck
J. I. Kim
M. N. Mitchell
W. J. O’Donnell, Sr.
W. D. Reinhardt
P. Smith
S. D. Snow
R. Vollmer
W. F. Weitze
K. Wright
T. M. Adams, Contributing Member
Working Group on Design Methodology (SG-DM) (BPV III)
S. McKillop, Chair
R. Vollmer, Secretary
K. Avrithi
C. Basavaraju
D. L. Caldwell
C. M. Faidy
R. Farrell
H. T. Harrison III
C. F. Heberling II
P. Hirschberg
M. Kassar
R. B. Keating
J. I. Kim
H. Kobayashi
T. Liszkai
J. F. McCabe
S. Ranganath
W. D. Reinhardt
P. K. Shah
S. D. Snow
S. Wang
W. F. Weitze
J. Wen
T. M. Wiger
K. Wright
J. Yang
R. D. Blevins, Contributing Member
M. R. Breach, Contributing Member
Working Group on Environmental Effects (SG-DM) (BPV III)
L. Davies, Chair
B. D. Frew, Secretary
P. J. Dobson
J. I. Kim
J. E. Nestell
M. Osterfoss
T. J. Schriefer
I. H. Tseng
Working Group on Environmental Fatigue Evaluation Methods
(SG-DM) (BPV III)
M. A. Gray, Chair
W. F. Weitze, Secretary
T. M. Adams
S. Asada
K. Avrithi
R. C. Cipolla
T. M. Damiani
C. M. Faidy
T. D. Gilman
S. R. Gosselin
Y. He
P. Hirschberg
H. S. Mehta
T. Metais
J.-S. Park
B. Pellereau
I. Saito
D. Vlaicu
K. Wang
K. Wright
R. Z. Ziegler
xxxviii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Working Group on Fatigue Strength (SG-DM) (BPV III)
P. R. Donavin, Chair
M. S. Shelton, Secretary
T. M. Damiani
C. M. Faidy
P. Gill
S. R. Gosselin
R. J. Gurdal
C. F. Heberling II
C. E. Hinnant
P. Hirschberg
K. Hsu
S. H. Kleinsmith
S. Majumdar
S. N. Malik
H. S. Mehta
S. Mohanty
S. Ranganath
A. Tsirigotis
D. Dewees, Contributing Member
W. J. O'Donnell, Sr., Contributing
Member
K. Wright, Contributing Member
Working Group on Graphite and Composite Design
(SG-DM) (BPV III)
M. N. Mitchell, Chair
T. D. Burchell, Secretary
A. Appleton
S.-H. Chi
W. J. Geringer
S. T. Gonczy
M. G. Jenkins
Y. Katoh
J. Ossmann
W. Windes
A. Yeshnik
S. Yu
G. L. Zeng
N. McMurray, Alternate
Working Group on Probabilistic Methods in Design
(SG-DM) (BPV III)
M. Golliet, Chair
T. Asayama
K. Avrithi
G. Brouette
J. Hakii
D. O. Henry
R. S. Hill III
M. Morishita
P. J. O'Regan
I. Saito
Special Working Group on Computational Modeling for Explicit
Dynamics (SG-DM) (BPV III)
G. Bjorkman, Chair
D. J. Ammerman, Vice Chair
V. Broz, Secretary
M. R. Breach
J. M. Jordan
S. Kuehner
D. Molitoris
W. D. Reinhardt
P. Y.-K. Shih
S. D. Snow
C.-F. Tso
M. C. Yaksh
U. Zencker
A. Rigato, Alternate
Subgroup on Elevated Temperature Design (SC-D) (BPV III)
S. Sham, Chair
T. Asayama
C. Becht IV
F. W. Brust
P. Carter
M. E. Cohen
B. F. Hantz
M. H. Jawad
R. I. Jetter
K. Kimura
G. H. Koo
T. Le
J. E. Nestell
R. Wright
A. B. Hull, Alternate
D. S. Griffin, Contributing Member
S. Majumdar, Contributing Member
D. L. Marriott, Contributing
Member
W. J. O'Donnell, Sr., Contributing
Member
R. W. Swindeman, Contributing
Member
Working Group on Allowable Stress Criteria (SG-ETD) (BPV III)
R. Wright, Chair
M. J. Swindeman, Secretary
C. J. Johns
K. Kimura
T. Le
D. Maitra
M. McMurtrey
J. E. Nestell
W. Ren
S. Sham
X. Wei
S. N. Malik, Alternate
J. R. Foulds, Contributing Member
R. W. Swindeman, Contributing
Member
Working Group on Analysis Methods (SG-ETD) (BPV III)
P. Carter, Chair
M. J. Swindeman, Secretary
M. E. Cohen
R. I. Jetter
T. Le
M. C. Messner
S. Sham
X. Wei
A. Tsirigotis, Alternate
S. Krishnamurthy, Contributing
Member
Working Group on Creep-Fatigue and Negligible Creep (SG-ETD)
(BPV III)
T. Asayama, Chair
F. W. Brust
P. Carter
M. E. Cohen
R. I. Jetter
G. H. Koo
T. Le
B.-L. Lyow
M. McMurtrey
M. C. Messner
H. Qian
S. Sham
Y. Wang
X. Wei
N. McMurray, Alternate
Working Group on Elevated Temperature Construction (SG-ETD)
(BPV III)
A. Mann, Chair
C. Nadarajah, Secretary
D. I. Anderson
D. Dewees
B. F. Hantz
M. H. Jawad
R. I. Jetter
S. Krishnamurthy
T. Le
M. N. Mitchell
P. Prueter
M. J. Swindeman
N. McMurray, Alternate
J. P. Glaspie, Contributing Member
D. L. Marriott, Contributing
Member
B. J. Mollitor, Contributing Member
Working Group on High Temperature Flaw Evaluation (SG-ETD)
(BPV III)
F. W. Brust, Chair
P. Carter
S. Kalyanam
T. Le
M. C. Messner
H. Qian
P. J. Rush
D.-J. Shim
X. Wei
S. X. Xu
N. McMurray, Alternate
Special Working Group on Inelastic Analysis Methods (SG-ETD)
(BPV III)
M. C. Messner, Chair
S. X. Xu, Secretary
R. W. Barnes
J. A. Blanco
T. Hassan
G. H. Koo
B.-L. Lyow
S. Sham
M. J. Swindeman
X. Wei
G. L. Zeng
xxxix
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Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV III)
J. V. Gardiner, Chair
J. Rogers, Secretary
V. Apostolescu
A. Appleton
S. Bell
J. R. Berry
G. Brouette
J. W. Highlands
E. V. Imbro
K. A. Kavanagh
Y.-S. Kim
B. McGlone
E. C. Renaud
T. N. Rezk
D. J. Roszman
W. K. Sowder, Jr.
R. Spuhl
G. E. Szabatura
D. M. Vickery
C. S. Withers
J. DeKleine, Contributing Member
H. Michael, Contributing Member
C. T. Smith, Contributing Member
Working Group on Duties and Responsibilities (SG-GR) (BPV III)
S. Bell, Chair
N. DeSantis, Secretary
J. R. Berry
P. J. Coco
Y. Diaz-Castillo
J. V. Gardiner
E. V. Imbro
K. A. Kavanagh
D. J. Roszman
B. S. Sandhu
J. L. Williams
J. DeKleine, Contributing Member
Working Group on Quality Assurance, Certification, and Stamping
(SG-GR) (BPV III)
B. McGlone, Chair
J. Grimm, Secretary
V. Apostolescu
A. Appleton
G. Brouette
O. Elkadim
S. M. Goodwin
J. Harris
J. W. Highlands
K. A. Kavanagh
Y.-S. Kim
D. T. Meisch
R. B. Patel
E. C. Renaud
T. N. Rezk
J. Rogers
W. K. Sowder, Jr.
R. Spuhl
J. F. Strunk
G. E. Szabatura
D. M. Vickery
C. S. Withers
C. A. Spletter, Contributing Member
Special Working Group on General Requirements Consolidation
(SG-GR) (BPV III)
J. V. Gardiner, Chair
C. T. Smith, Vice Chair
S. Bell
M. B. Cusick
Y. Diaz-Castillo
J. Grimm
J. M. Lyons
B. McGlone
R. B. Patel
E. C. Renaud
T. N. Rezk
J. Rogers
D. J. Roszman
B. S. Sandhu
G. J. Solovey
R. Spuhl
G. E. Szabatura
J. L. WilliamsC. S. Withers
S. F. Harrison, Jr., Contributing
Member
Working Group on General Requirements for Graphite and Ceramic
Composite Core Components and Assemblies (SG-GR) (BPV III)
A. Appleton, Chair
W. J. Geringer, Secretary
J. R. Berry
T. D. Burchell
M. N. Mitchell
E. C. Renaud
W. Windes
A. Yeshnik
N. McMurray, Alternate
Subgroup on Materials, Fabrication, and Examination (BPV III)
J. Grimm, Chair
B. D. Frew, Vice Chair
S. Hunter, Secretary
W. H. Borter
T. D. Burchell
S. Cho
P. J. Coco
R. H. Davis
G. B. Georgiev
S. E. Gingrich
M. Golliet
L. S. Harbison
R. M. Jessee
J. Johnston, Jr.
C. C. Kim
M. Lashley
T. Melfi
I.-K. Nam
J. Ossmann
J. E. O’Sullivan
M. C. Scott
W. J. Sperko
J. R. Stinson
J. F. Strunk
W. Windes
R. Wright
S. Yee
H. Michael, Delegate
R. W. Barnes, Contributing Member
G. R. Cannell, Contributing Member
D. B. Denis, Contributing Member
Working Group on Graphite and Composite Materials (SG-MFE)
(BPV III)
T. D. Burchell, Chair
M. N. Mitchell, Secretary
A. Appleton
R. L. Bratton
S. R. Cadell
S.-H. Chi
A. Covac
S. W. Doms
S. F. Duffy
W. J. Geringer
S. T. Gonzcy
M. G. Jenkins
Y. Katoh
J. Ossmann
M. Roemmler
N. Salstrom
T. Shibata
W. Windes
A. Yeshnik
S. Yu
G. L. Zeng
N. McMurray, Alternate
Working Group on HDPE Materials (SG-MFE) (BPV III)
G. Brouette, Chair
M. A. Martin, Secretary
W. H. Borter
M. C. Buckley
M. Golliet
J. Hakii
J. Johnston, Jr.
P. Krishnaswamy
D. P. Munson
T. M. Musto
S. Patterson
S. Schuessler
R. Stakenborghs
M. Troughton
J. Wright
B. Hauger, Contributing Member
Joint ACI-ASME Committee on Concrete Components for Nuclear
Service (BPV III)
J. A. Munshi, Chair
J. McLean, Vice Chair
J. Cassamassino, Staff Secretary
C. J. Bang
L. J. Colarusso
A. C. Eberhardt
F. Farzam
P. S. Ghosal
B. D. Hovis
T. C. Inman
C. Jones
O. Jovall
T. Kang
N.-H. Lee
T. Muraki
N. Orbovic
J. F. Strunk
G. Thomas
T. Tonyan
S. Wang
J. F. Artuso, Contributing Member
S. Bae, Contributing Member
J.-B. Domage, Contributing Member
B. B. Scott, Contributing Member
M. R. Senecal, Contributing
Member
Z. Shang, Contributing Member
M. Sircar, Contributing Member
C. T. Smith, Contributing Member
xl
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Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Working Group on Design (BPV III-2)
N.-H. Lee, Chair
S. Wang, Vice Chair
M. Allam
S. Bae
L. J. Colarusso
A. C. Eberhardt
F. Farzam
P. S. Ghosal
B. D. Hovis
T. C. Inman
C. Jones
O. Jovall
J. A. Munshi
T. Muraki
G. Thomas
M. Diaz, Contributing Member
A. Istar, Contributing Member
S.-Y. Kim, Contributing Member
J. Kwon, Contributing Member
B. R. Laskewitz, Contributing
Member
B. B. Scott, Contributing Member
Z. Shang, Contributing Member
M. Shin, Contributing Member
M. Sircar, Contributing Member
Working Group on Materials, Fabrication, and Examination
(BPV III-2)
T. Tonyan, Chair
A. Eberhardt, Vice Chair
M. Allam
C. J. Bang
B. Birch
J.-B. Domage
P. S. Ghosal
C. Jones
T. Kang
N.-H. Lee
Z. Shang
J. F. Strunk
I. Zivanovic
J. F. Artuso, Contributing Member
B. B. Scott, Contributing Member
Special Working Group on Modernization (BPV III-2)
N. Orbovic, Chair
J. McLean, Vice Chair
A. Adediran
O. Jovall
N. Stoeva
S. Wang
I. Zivanovic
J.-B. Domage, Contributing Member
F. Lin, Contributing Member
M. A. Ugalde, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Containment Systems for Spent Nuclear Fuel and
High-Level Radioactive Material (BPV III)
G. J. Solovey, Chair
D. J. Ammerman, Vice Chair
G. Bjorkman
V. Broz
S. Horowitz
S. Klein
D. W. Lewis
D. K. Morton
E. L. Pleins
J. Wellwood
X. J. Zhai
D. Dunn, Alternate
W. H. Borter, Contributing Member
P. E. McConnell, Contributing
Member
N. M. Simpson, Contributing
Member
R. H. Smith, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Fusion Energy Devices (BPV III)
W. K. Sowder, Jr., Chair
D. Andrei, Staff Secretary
D. J. Roszman, Secretary
M. Bashir
L. C. Cadwallader
B. R. Doshi
G. Holtmeier
K. A. Kavanagh
K. Kim
I. Kimihiro
S. Lee
G. Li
X. Li
P. Mokaria
T. R. Muldoon
M. Porton
F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
P. Smith
Y. Song
M. Trosen
C. Waldon
I. J. Zatz
R. W. Barnes, Contributing Member
Working Group on General Requirements (BPV III-4)
D. J. Roszman, Chair W. K. Sowder, Jr.
Working Group on In-Vessel Components (BPV III-4)
M. Bashir, Chair
Y. Carin
M. Kalsey
Working Group on Magnets (BPV III-4)
S. Lee, Chair K. Kim, Vice Chair
Working Group on Materials (BPV III-4)
M. Porton, Chair P. Mummery
Working Group on Vacuum Vessels (BPV III-4)
I. Kimihiro, Chair
L. C. Cadwallader
B. R. Doshi
Q. Shijun
Y. Song
Subgroup on High Temperature Reactors (BPV III)
J. E. Nestell, Chair
N. Broom
T. D. Burchell
M. E. Cohen
R. I. Jetter
G. H. Koo
D. K. Morton
S. Sham
W. Windes
A. Yeshnik
G. L. Zeng
N. McMurray, Alternate
X. Li, Contributing Member
M. Morishita, Contributing Member
L. Shi, Contributing Member
Working Group on High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors
(BPV III-5)
J. E. Nestell, Chair
N. Broom
T. D. Burchell
R. I. Jetter
Y. W. Kim
T. Le
D. K. Morton
S. Sham
G. L. Zeng
S. N. Malik, Alternate
X. Li, Contributing Member
L. Shi, Contributing Member
Working Group on High Temperature Liquid-Cooled Reactors
(BPV III-5)
S. Sham, Chair
M. Arcaro
T. Asayama
R. W. Barnes
P. Carter
M. E. Cohen
A. B. Hull
R. I. Jetter
G. H. Koo
T. Le
J. E. Nestell
X. Wei
C. Moyer, Alternate
S. Majumdar, Contributing Member
M. Morishita, Contributing Member
G. Wu, Contributing Member
xli
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Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Argentina International Working Group (BPV III)
J. Fernández, Chair
A. Politi, Vice Chair
O. Martinez, Staff Secretary
A. Gomez, Secretary
A. Acrogliano
W. Agrelo
G. O. Anteri
M. Anticoli
C. A. Araya
J. P. Balbiani
A. A. Betervide
D. O. Bordato
G. Bourguigne
M. L. Cappella
A. Claus
R. G. Cocco
A. Coleff
A. J. Dall’Osto
L. M. De Barberis
D. P. Delfino
D. N. Dell’Erba
F. G. Diez
A. Dominguez
S. A. Echeverria
E. P. Fresquet
M. M. Gamizo
I. M. Guerreiro
R. S. Hill III
I. A. Knorr
M. F. Liendo
L. R. Miño
J. Monte
R. L. Morard
A. E. Pastor
E. Pizzichini
J. L. Racamato
H. C. Sanzi
G. J. Scian
G. G. Sebastian
M. E. Szarko
P. N. Torano
A. Turrin
O. A. Verastegui
M. D. Vigliano
P. Yamamoto
M. Zunino
China International Working Group (BPV III)
J. Yan, Chair
W. Tang, Vice Chair
Y. He, Secretary
L. Guo
Y. Jing
D. Kang
Y. Li
B. Liang
H. Lin
S. Liu
W. Liu
J. Ma
K. Mao
D. E. Matthews
W. Pei
G. Sun
Z. Sun
G. Tang
L. Ting
Y. Tu
Y. Wang
H. Wu
X. Wu
S. Xue
Z. Yin
G. Zhang
W. Zhang
W. Zhao
Y. Zhong
Z. Zhong
German International Working Group (BPV III)
J. Wendt, Chair
D. Koelbl, Vice Chair
R. Gersinska, Secretary
H.-R. Bath
P. R. Donavin
R. Döring
A. Huber
R. E. Hueggenberg
C. Huttner
E. Iacopetta
M. H. Koeppen
C. Kuschke
H.-W. Lange
T. Ludwig
X. Pitoiset
M. Reichert
G. Roos
J. Rudolph
H. Schau
L. Sybert
R. Trieglaff
F. Wille
S. Zickler
India International Working Group (BPV III)
R. N. Sen, Chair
S. B. Parkash, Vice Chair
A. D. Bagdare, Secretary
S. Aithal
H. Dalal
S. Kovalai
D. Kulkarni
R. Kumar
E. I. Pleins
M. Ponnusamy
K. R. Shah
B. K. Sreedhar
Korea InternationalWorking Group (BPV III)
G. H. Koo, Chair
S. S. Hwang, Vice Chair
O.-S. Kim, Secretary
H. S. Byun
S. Cho
G.-S. Choi
S. Choi
J. Y. Hong
N.-S. Huh
J.-K. Hwang
C. Jang
I. I. Jeong
H. J. Kim
J.-I. Kim
J.-S. Kim
K. Kim
M.-W. Kim
S.-S. Kim
Y.-B. Kim
Y.-S. Kim
D. Kwon
B. Lee
D. Lee
Sanghoon Lee
Sangil Lee
S.-G. Lee
H. Lim
I.-K. Nam
B. Noh
C.-K. Oh
C. Park
H. Park
J.-S. Park
Y. S. Pyun
T. Shin
S. Song
W. J. Sperko
J. S. Yang
O. Yoo
Special Working Group on Editing and Review (BPV III)
D. E. Matthews, Chair
R. L. Bratton
R. P. Deubler
A. C. Eberhardt
S. Horowitz
J. C. Minichiello
R. F. Reedy, Sr.
C. Wilson
Special Working Group on HDPE Stakeholders (BPV III)
M. Brandes, Chair
S. Patterson, Secretary
T. M. Adams
S. Choi
C. M. Faidy
M. Golliet
R. M. Jessee
J. Johnston, Jr.
M. Lashley
K. A. Manoly
D. P. Munson
T. M. Musto
J. E. O’Sullivan
V. Rohatgi
F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
R. Stakenborghs
M. Troughton
J. Wright
D. Burwell, Contributing Member
Special Working Group on Honors and Awards (BPV III)
R. M. Jessee, Chair
A. Appleton
R. W. Barnes
D. E. Matthews
J. C. Minichiello
Special Working Group on Industry Experience for New Plants
(BPV III & BPV XI)
J. T. Lindberg, Chair
J. Ossmann, Chair
M. C. Buckley, Secretary
A. Cardillo
T. L. Chan
P. J. Hennessey
D. O. Henry
J. Honcharik
C. G. Kim
O.-S. Kim
K. Matsunaga
D. E. Matthews
R. E. McLaughlin
D. W. Sandusky
T. Tsuruta
R. M. Wilson
S. M. Yee
A. Tsirigotis, Alternate
xlii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Special Working Group on International Meetings (BPV III)
D. E. Matthews, Chair
A. Byk, Staff Secretary
R. W. Barnes
T. D. Burchell
R. L. Crane
P. R. Donavin
R. S. Hill III
M. N. Mitchell
E. L. Pleins
R. F. Reedy, Sr.
C. A. Sanna
W. J. Sperko
Special Working Group on New Plant Construction Issues (BPV III)
E. L. Pleins, Chair
M. C. Scott, Secretary
A. Cardillo
P. J. Coco
J. Honcharik
E. V. Imbro
O.-S. Kim
M. Kris
J. C. Minichiello
D. W. Sandusky
R. R. Stevenson
M. L. Wilson
H. Xu
J. Yan
N. J. Hansing, Alternate
A. Byk, Contributing Member
Special Working Group on Regulatory Interface (BPV III)
E. V. Imbro, Chair
P. Malouines, Secretary
S. Bell
A. Cardillo
P. J. Coco
J. Grimm
J. Honcharik
K. Matsunaga
D. E. Matthews
B. McGlone
A. T. Roberts III
R. R. Stevenson
M. L. Wilson
N. J. Hansing, Alternate
COMMITTEE ON HEATING BOILERS (BPV IV)
J. A. Hall, Chair
T. L. Bedeaux, Vice Chair
C. R. Ramcharran, Staff Secretary
B. Calderon
J. Calland
J. P. Chicoine
J. M. Downs
J. L. Kleiss
J. Klug
P. A. Molvie
R. D. Troutt
M. Wadkinson
R. V. Wielgoszinski
H. Michael, Delegate
D. Picart, Delegate
B. J. Iske, Alternate
A. Heino, Contributing Member
S. V. Voorhees, Contributing
Member
Subgroup on Care and Operation of Heating Boilers (BPV IV)
R. D. Troutt, Chair
C. R. Ramcharran, Staff Secretary
B. Ahee
T. L. Bedeaux
J. Calland
J. M. Downs
J. A. Hall
J. L. Kleiss
P. A. Molvie
M. Wadkinson
C. Lasarte, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Cast Boilers (BPV IV)
J. P. Chicoine, Chair
C. R. Ramcharran, Staff Secretary
T. L. Bedeaux
J. M. Downs
J. A. Hall
J. L. Kleiss
M. Mengon
Subgroup on Materials (BPV IV)
M. Wadkinson, Chair
C. R. Ramcharran, Staff Secretary
L. Badziagowski
T. L. Bedeaux
J. Calland
J. M. Downs
J. A. Hall
B. J. Iske
Subgroup on Water Heaters (BPV IV)
J. Calland, Chair
C. R. Ramcharran, Staff Secretary
B. Ahee
L. Badziagowski
J. P. Chicoine
C. Dinic
B. J. Iske
J. L. Kleiss
P. A. Molvie
M. A. Taylor
T. E. Trant
R. D. Troutt
Subgroup on Welded Boilers (BPV IV)
P. A. Molvie, Chair
C. R. Ramcharran, Staff Secretary
B. Ahee
L. Badziagowski
T. L. Bedeaux
B. Calderon
J. Calland
C. Dinic
J. L. Kleiss
M. Mengon
R. D. Troutt
M. Wadkinson
R. V. Wielgoszinski
COMMITTEE ON NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION (BPV V)
G. W. Hembree, Chair
N. A. Finney, Vice Chair
C. R. Ramcharran, Staff Secretary
J. Bennett
P. L. Brown
M. A. Burns
N. Carter
C. Emslander
A. F. Garbolevsky
J. F. Halley
P. T. Hayes
S. A. Johnson
F. B. Kovacs
B. D. Laite
C. May
L. E. Mullins
A. B. Nagel
T. L. Plasek
F. J. Sattler
P. B. Shaw
C. Vorwald
G. M. Gatti, Delegate
X. Guiping, Delegate
S. J. Akrin, Contributing Member
J. E. Batey, Contributing Member
A. S. Birks, Contributing Member
N. Y. Faransso, Contributing
Member
R. W. Kruzic, Contributing Member
H. C. Graber, Honorary Member
O. F. Hedden, Honorary Member
J. R. MacKay, Honorary Member
T. G. McCarty, Honorary Member
Executive Committee (BPV V)
N. A. Finney, Chair
G. W. Hembree, Vice Chair
C. R. Ramcharran, Staff Secretary
C. Emslander
S. A. Johnson
F. B. Kovacs
A. B. Nagel
C. Vorwald
Subgroup on General Requirements/Personnel Qualifications and
Inquiries (BPV V)
C. Emslander, Chair
N. Carter, Vice Chair
J. Bennett
T. Clausing
N. A. Finney
G. W. Hembree
S. A. Johnson
F. B. Kovacs
K. Krueger
C. May
D. I. Morris
A. B. Nagel
S. J. Akrin, Contributing Member
J. E. Batey, Contributing Member
A. S. Birks, Contributing Member
N. Y. Faransso, Contributing
Member
J. P. Swezy, Jr., Contributing
Member
xliii
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Subgroup on Surface Examination Methods (BPV V)
S. A. Johnson, Chair
C. May, Vice Chair
P. L. Brown
N. Carter
T. Clausing
N. Farenbaugh
N. A. Finney
J. F. Halley
K. Hayes
G. W. Hembree
B. D. Laite
L. E. Mullins
A. B. Nagel
F. J. Sattler
P. B. Shaw
M. Wolf
D. Woodward
G. M. Gatti, Delegate
S. J. Akrin, Contributing Member
J. E. Batey, Contributing Member
A. S. Birks, Contributing Member
N. Y. Faransso, Contributing
Member
R. W. Kruzic, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Volumetric Methods (BPV V)
A. B. Nagel, Chair
C. May, Vice Chair
P. L. Brown
J. M. Davis
N. A. Finney
A. F. Garbolevsky
J. F. Halley
R. W. Hardy
P. T. Hayes
G. W. Hembree
S. A. Johnson
F. B. Kovacs
C. Magruder
L. E. Mullins
T. L. Plasek
F. J. Sattler
C. Vorwald
G. M. Gatti, Delegate
S. J. Akrin, Contributing Member
J. E. Batey, Contributing Member
N. Y. Faransso, Contributing
Member
R. W. Kruzic, Contributing Member
Special Working Group on Advanced Ultrasonic Testing Technique
(BPV V)
L. E. Mullins, Chair
K. Krueger, Vice Chair
D. Adkins
D. Bajula
N. A. Finney
J. L. Garner
J. F. Haley
P. T. Hayes
M. Lozev
C. Magruder
M. Sens
Special Working Group on Full Matrix Capture (FMC) Ultrasonic
Testing (BPV V)
P. T. Hayes, Chair
K. Hayes, Vice Chair
D. Adkins
D. Bajula
D. Braconnier
J. Catty
B. Erne
S. Falter
N. A. Finney
J. L. Garner
R. T. Grotenhuis
J. F. Halley
G. W. Hembree
B. D. Laite
F. Laprise
M. Lozev
C. Magruder
F. Morrow
L. E. Mullins
A. B. Nagel
E. Peloquin
D. Richard
M. Sens
D. Tompkins
J. Vinyard
O. Volf
C. Wassink
Special Working Group on the Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles/
Systems for Inspection (BPV V)
G. W. Hembree, Chair
P. J. Coco, Vice Chair
L. Pulgarin, Staff Secretary
A. Bloye
T. Cinson
J. DiPalma
M. Ellis
S. Flash
R. T. Grotenhuis
K. Hayes
P. T. Hayes
R. Janowiak
C. May
L. E. Mullins
M. Orihuela
L. Petrosky
P. C. Prahl
J. Schroeter
K. Schupp
M. Sens
A. T. Taggart
R. Vayda
K. H. Kim, DelegateR. J. Winn, Delegate
L. Zhang, Delegate
Q. Chen, Contributing Member
A. Cook, Contributing Member
A. E. Krauser, Contributing Member
X. Wen, Contributing Member
F. Wu, Contributing Member
Y. Yang, Contributing Member
Working Group on Acoustic Emissions (SG-VM) (BPV V)
N. Y. Faransso, Chair
S. R. Doctor, Vice Chair
J. Catty
V. F. Godinez-Azcuaga
R. K. Miller
M. A. Gonzalez, Alternate
J. E. Batey, Contributing Member
Working Group on Radiography (SG-VM) (BPV V)
C. Vorwald, Chair
F. B. Kovacs, Vice Chair
J. Anderson
P. L. Brown
C. Emslander
A. F. Garbolevsky
R. W. Hardy
G. W. Hembree
C. Johnson
S. A. Johnson
B. D. Laite
C. May
R. J. Mills
A. B. Nagel
T. L. Plasek
T. Vidimos
B. White
D. Woodward
S. J. Akrin, Contributing Member
J. E. Batey, Contributing Member
N. Y. Faransso, Contributing
Member
R. W. Kruzic, Contributing Member
Working Group on Ultrasonics (SG-VM) (BPV V)
N. A. Finney, Chair
J. F. Halley, Vice Chair
D. Adkins
C. Brown
J. M. Davis
C. Emslander
P. T. Hayes
S. A. Johnson
K. Krueger
B. D. Laite
C. Magruder
C. May
L. E. Mullins
A. B. Nagel
K. Page
F. J. Sattler
D. Tompkins
D. Van Allen
J. Vinyard
C. Vorwald
N. Y. Faransso, Contributing
Member
R. W. Kruzic, Contributing Member
Working Group on GuidedWave Ultrasonic Testing (SG-VM) (BPV V)
N. Y. Faransso, Chair
S. A. Johnson, Vice Chair
D. Alleyne
J. F. Halley
G. M. Light
P. Mudge
M. J. Quarry
J. Vanvelsor
J. E. Batey, Contributing Member
xliv
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Italy International Working Group (BPV V)
P. L. Dinelli, Chair
A. Veroni, Secretary
T. Aldo
R. Bertolotti
F. Bresciani
G. Campos
N. Caputo
M. Colombo
F. Ferrarese
E. Ferrari
M. A. Grimoldi
G. Luoni
O. Oldani
U. Papponetti
P. Pedersoli
M. Zambon
G. Gobbi, Contributing Member
G. Pontiggia, Contributing Member
COMMITTEE ON PRESSURE VESSELS (BPV VIII)
R. J. Basile, Chair
S. C. Roberts, Vice Chair
E. Lawson, Staff Secretary
S. J. Rossi, Staff Secretary
G. Aurioles, Sr.
J. Cameron
A. Chaudouet
D. B. DeMichael
J. P. Glaspie
J. F. Grubb
B. F. Hantz
L. E. Hayden, Jr.
M. Kowalczyk
D. L. Kurle
M. D. Lower
R. Mahadeen
S. A. Marks
R. W. Mikitka
G. M. Mital
B. R. Morelock
T. P. Pastor
D. T. Peters
M. J. Pischke
M. D. Rana
G. B. Rawls, Jr.
F. L. Richter
C. D. Rodery
J. C. Sowinski
D. Srnic
D. B. Stewart
P. L. Sturgill
D. A. Swanson
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
S. Terada
E. Upitis
A. Viet
K. Xu
P. A. McGowan, Delegate
H. Michael, Delegate
K. Oyamada, Delegate
M. E. Papponetti, Delegate
X. Tang, Delegate
W. S. Jacobs, Contributing Member
G. G. Karcher, Contributing
Member
K. T. Lau, Contributing Member
U. R. Miller, Contributing Member
K. Mokhtarian, Contributing
Member
K. K. Tam, Honorary Member
Executive Committee (BPV VIII)
S. C. Roberts, Chair
S. J. Rossi, Staff Secretary
G. Aurioles, Sr.
R. J. Basile
M. Kowalczyk
D. L. Kurle
M. D. Lower
R. Mahadeen
S. A. Marks
G. M. Mital
D. A. Swanson
A. Viet
Subgroup on Design (BPV VIII)
D. A. Swanson, Chair
J. C. Sowinski, Vice Chair
M. Faulkner, Secretary
G. Aurioles, Sr.
S. R. Babka
O. A. Barsky
R. J. Basile
M. R. Breach
F. L. Brown
D. Chandiramani
B. F. Hantz
C. E. Hinnant
C. S. Hinson
M. H. Jawad
S. Krishnamurthy
D. L. Kurle
M. D. Lower
R. W. Mikitka
B. Millet
T. P. Pastor
M. D. Rana
G. B. Rawls, Jr.
S. C. Roberts
C. D. Rodery
T. G. Seipp
D. Srnic
S. Terada
J. Vattappilly
R. A. Whipple
K. Xu
K. Oyamada, Delegate
M. E. Papponetti, Delegate
W. S. Jacobs, Contributing Member
P. K. Lam, Contributing Member
K. Mokhtarian, Contributing
Member
S. C. Shah, Contributing Member
K. K. Tam, Contributing Member
E. Upitis, Contributing Member
Z. Wang, Contributing Member
Working Group on Design-By-Analysis (BPV VIII)
B. F. Hantz, Chair
T. W. Norton, Secretary
D. A. Arnett
R. G. Brown
D. Dewees
C. F. Heberling II
C. E. Hinnant
M. H. Jawad
S. Kataoka
S. Kilambi
K. D. Kirkpatrick
S. Krishnamurthy
A. Mann
N. McKie
G. A. Miller
C. Nadarajah
P. Prueter
M. D. Rana
T. G. Seipp
M. A. Shah
S. Terada
K. Saboda, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Fabrication and Examination (BPV VIII)
S. A. Marks, Chair
E. A. Whittle, Vice Chair
T. Halligan, Secretary
B. R. Morelock, Secretary
N. Carter
D. I. Morris
O. Mulet
M. J. Pischke
M. J. Rice
C. D. Rodery
B. F. Shelley
P. L. Sturgill
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
E. Upitis
K. Oyamada, Delegate
W. J. Bees, Contributing Member
L. F. Campbell, Contributing
Member
W. S. Jacobs, Contributing Member
J. Lee, Contributing Member
J. Si, Contributing Member
R. Uebel, Contributing Member
X. Xue, Contributing Member
B. Yang, Contributing Member
Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV VIII)
M. D. Lower, Chair
J. P. Glaspie, Vice Chair
F. L. Richter, Secretary
R. J. Basile
T. P. Beirne
D. T. Davis
D. B. DeMichael
M. Faulkner
F. Hamtak
L. E. Hayden, Jr.
J. Hoskinson
T. P. Pastor
D. K. Peetz
G. B. Rawls, Jr.
S. C. Roberts
J. C. Sowinski
P. Speranza
D. Srnic
D. B. Stewart
D. A. Swanson
R. Uebel
Z. Wang, Contributing Member
Y. Yang, Contributing Member
xlv
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Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Task Group on Fired Heater Pressure Vessels (BPV VIII)
F. Hamtak, Chair
J. Hoskinson
W. Kim
S. Kirk
T. P. Pastor
J. Rust
E. Smith
D. Srnic
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
Task Group on Subsea Applications (BPV VIII)
K. Karpanan, Chair
M. Sarzynski, Vice Chair
L. P. Antalffy
R. C. Biel
P. Bunch
J. Ellens
A. J. Grohmann
S. Harbert
X. Kaculi
F. Kirkemo
C. Lan
N. McKie
S. K. Parimi
J. R. Sims
Y. Wada
R. Cordes, Contributing Member
D. T. Peters, Contributing Member
Task Group on UG-20(f) (BPV VIII)
S. Krishnamurthy, Chair
T. L. Anderson
K. E. Bagnoli
R. P. Deubler
B. F. Hantz
B. R. Macejko
J. Penso
M. Prager
M. D. Rana
Task Group on U-2(g) (BPV VIII)
D. A. Swanson, Chair
G. Aurioles, Sr.
S. R. Babka
R. J. Basile
D. K. Chandiramani
R. Mahadeen
T. W. Norton
T. P. Pastor
R. F. Reedy, Sr.
S. C. Roberts
D. Srnic
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
R. Uebel
K. K. Tam, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Heat Transfer Equipment (BPV VIII)
G. Aurioles, Sr., Chair
P. Matkovics, Vice Chair
M. D. Clark, Secretary
D. Angstadt
S. R. Babka
J. H. Barbee
O. A. Barsky
L. Bower
T. Bunyarattaphantu
A. Chaudouet
D. L. Kurle
R. Mahadeen
S. Mayeux
S. Neilsen
E. Smith
A. M. Voytko
R. P. Wiberg
I. G. Campbell, Contributing
Member
G. G. Karcher, Contributing
Member
T. W. Norton, Contributing Member
J. Pasek, Contributing Member
D. Srnic, Contributing Member
Z. Tong, Contributing Member
Working Group on Plate Heat Exchangers (BPV VIII)
P. Matkovics, Chair
S. R. Babka
K. Devlin
J. F. Grubb
V. Gudge
F. Hamtak
R. Mahadeen
S. A. Marks
D. I. Morris
M. J. Pischke
D. Srnic
S. Sullivan
Subgroup on High Pressure Vessels (BPV VIII)
G. M. Mital, Chair
K. Subramanian, Vice Chair
A. P. Maslowski, Staff Secretary
L. P. Antalffy
R. C. Biel
P. N. Chaku
L. Fridlund
R. T. Hallman
J. A. Kapp
K. Karpanan
A. K. Khare
S. C. Mordre
G. T. Nelson
D. T. Peters
E. A. Rodriguez
E. D. Roll
K. C. Simpson, Jr.
J. R. Sims
E. Smith
F. W. Tatar
S. Terada
C. Tipple
J. L. Traud
R. Wink
Y. Xu
R. Cordes, Contributing MemberR. D. Dixon, Contributing Member
R. M. Hoshman, Contributing
Member
Y. Huang, Contributing Member
J. Keltjens, Contributing Member
F. Kirkemo, Contributing Member
K.-J. Young, Contributing Member
D. J. Burns, Honorary Member
D. M. Fryer, Honorary Member
G. J. Mraz, Honorary Member
E. H. Perez, Honorary Member
Subgroup on Materials (BPV VIII)
M. Kowalczyk, Chair
J. Cameron, Vice Chair
K. Xu, Secretary
P. Chavdarov
A. Di Rienzo
J. F. Grubb
S. Kilambi
D. Maitra
J. Penso
D. W. Rahoi
J. Robertson
R. C. Sutherlin
E. Upitis
J. D. Fritz, Contributing Member
M. Katcher, Contributing Member
W. M. Lundy, Contributing Member
J. A. McMaster, Contributing
Member
B. Pletcher, Contributing Member
R. Schiavi, Jr., Contributing Member
P. G. Wittenbach, Contributing
Member
X. Wu, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Toughness (BPV VIII)
D. L. Kurle, Chair
K. Xu, Vice Chair
N. Carter
T. Halligan
W. S. Jacobs
S. Krishnamurthy
K. E. Orie
M. D. Rana
F. L. Richter
K. Subramanian
D. A. Swanson
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
S. Terada
E. Upitis
J. Vattappilly
K. Oyamada, Delegate
K. Mokhtarian, Contributing
Member
Subgroup on Graphite Pressure Equipment (BPV VIII)
A. Viet, Chair
C. W. Cary, Vice Chair
G. C. Becherer
F. L. Brown
J. D. Clements
R. W. Dickerson
E. Soltow
A. A. Stupica
xlvi
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Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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China International Working Group (BPV VIII)
X. Chen, Chair
B. Shou, Vice Chair
Z. Fan, Secretary
Y. Chen
Z. Chen
J. Cui
R. Duan
W. Guo
B. Han
J. Hu
Q. Hu
H. Hui
D. Luo
Y. Luo
C. Miao
X. Qian
L. Sun
B. Wang
C. Wu
F. Xu
F. Xuan
Y. Yang
K. Zhang
Yanfeng Zhang
Yijun Zhang
S. Zhao
J. Zheng
G. Zhu
Germany International Working Group (BPV VIII)
P. Chavdarov, Chair
A. Spangenberg, Vice Chair
H. P. Schmitz, Secretary
B. Daume
A. Emrich
J. Fleischfresser
R. Helmholdt
R. Kauer
D. Koelbl
S. Krebs
T. Ludwig
R. A. Meyers
H. Michael
G. Naumann
S. Reich
M. Sykora
P. Paluszkiewicz, Contributing
Member
R. Uebel, Contributing Member
India International Working Group (BPV VIII)
D. Chandiramani, Chair
D. Kulkarni, Vice Chair
A. D. Dalal, Secretary
P. Arulkumar
B. Basu
P. U. Gandhi
V. Jayabalan
P. C. Pathak
S. B. Patil
V. V. P. Kumar
M. P. Shah
P. G. Shah
V. T. Valavan
M. Sharma, Contributing Member
Italy International Working Group (BPV VIII)
A. Teli, Chair
A. Veroni, Secretary
B. G. Alborali
P. Aliprandi
A. Avogadri
R. Boatti
A. Camanni
M. Colombo
P. Conti
P. L. Dinelli
F. Finco
M. Guglielmetti
A. F. Magri
P. Mantovani
M. Massobrio
M. Millefanti
L. Moracchioli
P. Pacor
G. Pontiggia
C. Sangaletti
S. Sarti
G. Gobbi, Contributing Member
Special Working Group on Bolted Flanged Joints (BPV VIII)
R. W. Mikitka, Chair
G. Aurioles, Sr.
D. Bankston, Jr.
W. Brown
H. Chen
A. Mann
W. McDaniel
M. Osterfoss
J. R. Payne
G. B. Rawls, Jr.
R. Wacker
Task Group on Impulsively Loaded Vessels (BPV VIII)
A. M. Clayton, Chair
G. A. Antaki
D. D. Barker
J. E. Didlake, Jr.
T. A. Duffey
K. Hayashi
K. W. King
R. Kitamura
R. A. Leishear
P. O. Leslie
F. Ohlson
E. A. Rodriguez
C. Romero
N. Rushton
J. H. Stofleth
Q. Dong, Contributing Member
H.-P. Schildberg, Contributing
Member
J. E. Shepherd, Contributing
Member
M. Yip, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Interpretations (BPV VIII)
R. Mahadeen, Chair
E. Lawson, Staff Secretary
G. Aurioles, Sr.
S. R. Babka
R. J. Basile
J. Cameron
N. Carter
C. W. Cary
D. B. DeMichael
R. D. Dixon
M. Kowalczyk
D. L. Kurle
M. D. Lower
A. Mann
P. Matkovics
G. M. Mital
D. I. Morris
D. T. Peters
S. C. Roberts
C. D. Rodery
T. G. Seipp
D. B. Stewart
P. L. Sturgill
D. A. Swanson
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
J. Vattappilly
A. Viet
P. G. Wittenbach
K. Xu
T. P. Pastor, Contributing Member
COMMITTEE ON WELDING, BRAZING, AND FUSING (BPV IX)
D. A. Bowers, Chair
M. J. Pischke, Vice Chair
E. Lawson, Staff Secretary
M. Bernasek
M. A. Boring
J. G. Feldstein
P. D. Flenner
S. E. Gingrich
K. L. Hayes
R. M. Jessee
J. S. Lee
W. M. Lundy
T. Melfi
W. F. Newell, Jr.
D. K. Peetz
J. Pillow
E. G. Reichelt
M. J. Rice
M. B. Sims
W. J. Sperko
P. L. Sturgill
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
E. W. Woelfel
A. Roza, Delegate
M. Consonni, Contributing Member
S. A. Jones, Contributing Member
A. S. Olivares, Contributing
Member
S. Raghunathan, Contributing
Member
M. J. Stanko, Contributing Member
P. L. Van Fosson, Contributing
Member
R. K. Brown, Jr., Honorary Member
M. L. Carpenter, Honorary Member
B. R. Newmark, Honorary Member
S. D. Reynolds, Jr., Honorary
Member
Subgroup on Brazing (BPV IX)
M. J. Pischke, Chair
E. W. Beckman
A. F. Garbolevsky
S. A. Marks
N. Mohr
A. R. Nywening
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
xlvii
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Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV IX)
P. L. Sturgill, Chair
S. A. Marks, Secretary
E. W. Beckman
J. P. Bell
D. A. Bowers
P. Gilston
F. Hamtak
A. Howard
R. M. Jessee
D. K. Peetz
J. Pillow
H. B. Porter
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
E. W. Woelfel
E. Molina, Delegate
B. R. Newmark, Honorary Member
Subgroup on Materials (BPV IX)
M. Bernasek, Chair
T. Anderson
J. L. Arnold
E. Cutlip
S. E. Gingrich
L. S. Harbison
R. M. Jessee
T. Melfi
S. D. Nelson
M. J. Pischke
A. Roza
C. E. Sainz
W. J. Sperko
P. L. Sturgill
J. Warren
C. Zanfir
V. G. V. Giunto, Delegate
B. Krueger, Contributing Member
M. J. Stanko, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Plastic Fusing (BPV IX)
E. W. Woelfel, Chair
D. Burwell
K. L. Hayes
R. M. Jessee
J. Johnston, Jr.
J. E. O’Sullivan
E. G. Reichelt
M. J. Rice
S. Schuessler
M. Troughton
J. Wright
Subgroup on Welding Qualifications (BPV IX)
M. J. Rice, Chair
J. S. Lee, Vice Chair
K. L. Hayes, Secretary
M. Bernasek
M. A. Boring
D. A. Bowers
R. B. Corbit
P. D. Flenner
L. S. Harbison
M. Heinrichs
W. M. Lundy
T. Melfi
W. F. Newell, Jr.
B. R. Newton
S. Raghunathan
E. G. Reichelt
M. B. Sims
W. J. Sperko
S. A. Sprague
P. L. Sturgill
J. P. Swezy, Jr.
T. C. Wiesner
A. D. Wilson
D. Chandiramani, Contributing
Member
M. Consonni, Contributing Member
M. Dehghan, Contributing Member
Germany International Working Group (BPV IX)
P. Chavdarov, Chair
A. Spangenberg, Vice Chair
E. Lawson, Staff Secretary
P. Thiebo, Secretary
J. Daldrup
B. Daume
E. Floer
R. Helmholdt
S. Krebs
T. Ludwig
G. Naumann
A. Roza
K.-G. Toelle
F. Wodke
Italy International Working Group (BPV IX)
A. Camanni, Chair
A. Veroni, Secretary
P. Angelini
M. Bernasek
R. Boatti
P. L. Dinelli
F. Ferrarese
E. Lazzari
M. Mandina
M. Massobrio
A. S. Monastra
L. Moracchioli
P. Pacor
G. Pontiggia
S. Verderame
A. Volpi
G. Gobbi, Contributing Member
COMMITTEE ON FIBER-REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELS
(BPV X)
B. Linnemann, Chair
B. F. Shelley, Vice Chair
P. D. Stumpf, Staff Secretary
A. L. Beckwith
F. L. Brown
J. L. Bustillos
B. R. Colley
T. W. Cowley
I. L. Dinovo
D. Eisberg
M. R. Gorman
B. Hebb
L. E. Hunt
D. L. Keeler
D. H. McCauley
N. L. Newhouse
G. Ramirez
J. R. Richter
D. O. Yancey, Jr.
P. H. Ziehl
D. H. Hodgkinson, ContributingMember
COMMITTEE ON NUCLEAR INSERVICE INSPECTION (BPV XI)
R. W. Swayne, Chair
S. D. Kulat, Vice Chair
D. W. Lamond, Vice Chair
K. Verderber, Staff Secretary
V. L. Armentrout
J. F. Ball
W. H. Bamford
M. L. Benson
J. M. Boughman
S. B. Brown
T. L. Chan
R. C. Cipolla
D. R. Cordes
D. D. Davis
H. Do
R. L. Dyle
E. V. Farrell, Jr.
M. J. Ferlisi
P. D. Fisher
E. B. Gerlach
T. J. Griesbach
J. Hakii
M. L. Hall
D. O. Henry
D. R. Lee
J. T. Lindberg
G. A. Lofthus
H. Malikowski
G. Navratil
S. A. Norman
J. E. O’Sullivan
N. A. Palm
G. C. Park
A. T. Roberts III
D. A. Scarth
F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
J. C. Spanner, Jr.
D. J. Tilly
D. E. Waskey
J. G. Weicks
H. D. Chung, Delegate
C. Ye, Delegate
W. C. Holston, Alternate
R. O. McGill, Alternate
T. Nuoffer, Alternate
B. R. Newton, Contributing Member
C. D. Cowfer, Honorary Member
R. E. Gimple, Honorary Member
F. E. Gregor, Honorary Member
O. F. Hedden, Honorary Member
R. D. Kerr, Honorary Member
P. C. Riccardella, Honorary Member
R. A. West, Honorary Member
C. J. Wirtz, Honorary Member
R. A. Yonekawa, Honorary Member
Executive Committee (BPV XI)
S. D. Kulat, Chair
R. W. Swayne, Vice Chair
K. Verderber, Staff Secretary
W. H. Bamford
M. L. Benson
R. L. Dyle
M. J. Ferlisi
E. B. Gerlach
D. W. Lamond
J. T. Lindberg
G. Navratil
T. Nuoffer
G. C. Park
J. C. Spanner, Jr.
W. C. Holston, Alternate
xlviii
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Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Argentina International Working Group (BPV XI)
F. M. Schroeter, Chair
M. F. Liendo, Vice Chair
O. Martinez, Staff Secretary
D. A. Cipolla
A. Claus
D. Costa
D. P. Delfino
D. N. Dell’Erba
A. Dominguez
S. A. Echeverria
E. P. Fresquet
M. M. Gamizo
I. M. Guerreiro
F. Llorente
R. J. Lopez
M. Magliocchi
L. R. Miño
J. Monte
M. D. Pereda
A. Politi
C. G. Real
G. J. Scian
M. J. Solari
P. N. Torano
P. Yamamoto
China International Working Group (BPV XI)
J. H. Liu, Chair
Y. Nie, Vice Chair
C. Ye, Vice Chair
M. W. Zhou, Secretary
J. F. Cai
H. Chen
H. D. Chen
Y. Cheng
Y. B. Guo
Y. Hongqi
D. R. Horn
Y. Hou
D. M. Kang
S. X. Lin
Y. Liu
W. N. Pei
L. Shiwei
Y. X. Sun
G. X. Tang
Q. Wang
Q. W. Wang
Z. S. Wang
L. Xing
F. Xu
Q. Yin
K. Zhang
Y. Zhang
Y. Zhe
Z. M. Zhong
German International Working Group (BPV XI)
R. Döring, Chair
R. Trieglaff, Vice Chair
R. Piel, Secretary
H.-R. Bath
A. Casse
S. Dugan
M. Hagenbruch
E. Iacopetta
H.-W. Lange
N. Legl
T. Ludwig
X. Pitoiset
M. Reichert
H. Schau
L. Sybertz
J. Wendt
S. Zickler
Special Working Group on Editing and Review (BPV XI)
R. W. Swayne, Chair
M. Orihuela
K. R. Rao
D. J. Tilly
Task Group on Inspectability (BPV XI)
J. T. Lindberg, Chair
M. J. Ferlisi, Secretary
W. H. Bamford
A. Cardillo
D. R. Cordes
P. Gionta
D. O. Henry
E. Henry
J. Honcharik
J. Howard
R. Klein
C. Latiolais
D. Lieb
G. A. Lofthus
D. E. Matthews
P. J. O’Regan
J. Ossmann
S. A. Sabo
P. Sullivan
C. Thomas
J. Tucker
Task Group on ISI of Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage and Transportation
Containment Systems (BPV XI)
K. Hunter, Chair
M. Orihuela, Secretary
D. J. Ammerman
W. H. Borter
J. Broussard
S. Brown
C. R. Bryan
T. Carraher
D. Dunn
N. Fales
R. C. Folley
G. Grant
B. Gutherman
S. Horowitz
M. W. Joseph
M. Keene
M. Liu
K. Mauskar
R. M. Meyer
B. L. Montgomery
T. Nuoffer
R. M. Pace
E. L. Pleins
M. A. Richter
B. Sarno
R. Sindelar
J. C. Spanner, Jr.
M. Staley
J. Wellwood
X. J. Zhai
P.-S. Lam, Alternate
G. White, Alternate
J. Wise, Alternate
H. Smith, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Evaluation Standards (SG-ES) (BPV XI)
W. H. Bamford, Chair
N. A. Palm, Secretary
M. Brumovsky
H. D. Chung
R. C. Cipolla
C. M. Faidy
B. R. Ganta
T. J. Griesbach
K. Hasegawa
K. Hojo
D. N. Hopkins
D. R. Lee
Y. S. Li
R. O. McGill
H. S. Mehta
K. Miyazaki
R. M. Pace
J. C. Poehler
S. Ranganath
D. A. Scarth
D.-J. Shim
G. L. Stevens
A. Udyawar
T. V. Vo
G. M. Wilkowski
S. X. Xu
M. L. Benson, Alternate
Task Group on Evaluation of Beyond Design Basis Events (SG-ES)
(BPV XI)
R. M. Pace, Chair
S. X. Xu, Secretary
G. A. Antaki
P. R. Donavin
R. G. Gilada
T. J. Griesbach
M. Hayashi
K. Hojo
S. A. Kleinsmith
H. S. Mehta
D. V. Sommerville
T. V. Vo
K. R. Wichman
G. M. Wilkowski
T. Weaver, Contributing Member
xlix
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
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Working Group on Flaw Evaluation (SG-ES) (BPV XI)
R. C. Cipolla, Chair
S. X. Xu, Secretary
W. H. Bamford
M. L. Benson
B. Bezensek
M. Brumovsky
H. D. Chung
T. E. Demers
M. A. Erickson
C. M. Faidy
M. M. Farooq
B. R. Ganta
R. G. Gilada
F. D. Hayes
P. H. Hoang
K. Hojo
D. N. Hopkins
Y. Kim
V. Lacroix
D. R. Lee
Y. S. Li
M. Liu
H. S. Mehta
G. A. A. Miessi
K. Miyazaki
S. Noronha
R. K. Qashu
S. Ranganath
P. J. Rush
D. A. Scarth
W. L. Server
D.-J. Shim
S. Smith
M. Uddin
A. Udyawar
T. V. Vo
B. Wasiluk
K. R. Wichman
G. M. Wilkowski
Working Group on Flaw Evaluation Reference Curves (BPV XI)
G. L. Stevens, Chair
A. Udyawar, Secretary
W. H. Bamford
M. L. Benson
F. W. Brust
R. C. Cipolla
M. M. Farooq
A. E. Freed
K. Hasegawa
D. N. Hopkins
R. Janowiak
K. Kashima
K. Koyama
D. R. Lee
H. S. Mehta
K. Miyazaki
B. Pellereau
S. Ranganath
D. A. Scarth
D.-J. Shim
S. Smith
T. V. Vo
S. X. Xu
Working Group on Operating Plant Criteria (SG-ES) (BPV XI)
N. A. Palm, Chair
A. E. Freed, Secretary
K. R. Baker
W. H. Bamford
M. Brumovsky
T. L. Dickson
R. L. Dyle
M. A. Erickson
T. J. Griesbach
M. Hayashi
R. Janowiak
S. A. Kleinsmith
H. Kobayashi
H. S. Mehta
A. D. Odell
R. M. Pace
J. C. Poehler
S. Ranganath
W. L. Server
C. A. Tomes
A. Udyawar
T. V. Vo
D. P. Weakland
H. Q. Xu
T. Hardin, Alternate
Working Group on Pipe Flaw Evaluation (SG-ES) (BPV XI)
D. A. Scarth, Chair
G. M. Wilkowski, Secretary
K. Azuma
M. L. Benson
M. Brumovsky
F. W. Brust
H. D. Chung
R. C. Cipolla
N. G. Cofie
T. E. Demers
C. M. Faidy
M. M. Farooq
B. R. Ganta
S. R. Gosselin
C. E. Guzman-Leong
K. Hasegawa
P. H. Hoang
K. Hojo
D. N. Hopkins
E. J. Houston
R. Janowiak
S. Kalyanam
K. Kashima
V. Lacroix
Y. S. Li
R. O. McGill
H. S. Mehta
G. A. A. Miessi
K. Miyazaki
S. H. Pellet
P. J. Rush
W. L. Server
D.-J. Shim
S. Smith
A. Udyawar
T. V. Vo
B. Wasiluk
S. X. Xu
A. Alleshwaram, Alternate
Task Group on Evaluation Procedures for Degraded Buried Pipe
(WG-PFE) (BPV XI)
R. O. McGill, Chair
S. X. Xu, Secretary
F. G. Abatt
G. A. Antaki
R. C. Cipolla
R. G. Gilada
K. Hasegawa
K. M. Hoffman
R. Janowiak
M. Kassar
M. Moenssens
D. P. Munson
R. M. Pace
P. J. Rush
D. A. Scarth
Subgroup on Nondestructive Examination (SG-NDE) (BPV XI)
J. C. Spanner, Jr., Chair
D. R. Cordes, Secretary
M. Briley
C. Brown
T. L. Chan
S. E. Cumblidge
K. J. Hacker
J. Harrison
D. O. Henry
J. T. Lindberg
G. A. Lofthus
S. A. Sabo
F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
R. V. Swain
C. A. Nove, Alternate
Working Group on Personnel Qualification and Surface Visual and
Eddy Current Examination (SG-NDE) (BPV XI)
J. T. Lindberg, Chair
C. Brown, Secretary
J. E. Aycock
J. Bennett
S. E. Cumblidge
A. Diaz
N. Farenbaugh
D. O. Henry
C. Shinsky
J. C. Spanner, Jr.
T. Thulien
J. T. Timm
Working Group on Procedure Qualification and Volumetric
Examination(SG-NDE) (BPV XI)
G. A. Lofthus, Chair
J. Harrison, Secretary
M. Briley
A. Bushmire
D. R. Cordes
S. R. Doctor
K. J. Hacker
W. A. Jensen
D. A. Kull
C. A. Nove
S. A. Sabo
R. V. Swain
S. J. Todd
D. K. Zimmerman
B. Lin, Alternate
l
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Subgroup on Repair/Replacement Activities (SG-RRA) (BPV XI)
E. B. Gerlach, Chair
E. V. Farrell, Jr., Secretary
J. F. Ball
M. Brandes
S. B. Brown
R. Clow
P. D. Fisher
M. L. Hall
S. L. McCracken
A. B. Meichler
B. R. Newton
J. E. O’Sullivan
G. C. Park
P. Raynaud
R. R. Stevenson
R. W. Swayne
D. J. Tilly
D. E. Waskey
J. G. Weicks
W. C. Holston, Alternate
Working Group on Welding and Special Repair Processes (SG-RRA)
(BPV XI)
D. E. Waskey, Chair
D. J. Tilly, Secretary
D. Barborak
S. J. Findlan
P. D. Fisher
R. C. Folley
M. L. Hall
W. C. Holston
C. C. Kim
M. Kris
S. E. Marlette
S. L. McCracken
D. B. Meredith
B. R. Newton
J. E. O’Sullivan
D. Segletes
J. G. Weicks
Task Group on Temper Bead Welding (BPV XI)
S. J. Findlan, Chair
D. Barborak
M. L. Hall
S. L. McCracken
D. B. Meredith
N. Mohr
B. R. Newton
J. E. O’Sullivan
D. Segletes
J. Tatman
D. J. Tilly
D. E. Waskey
J. G. Weicks
Task Group on Weld Overlay (BPV XI)
S. L. McCracken, Chair
S. J. Findlan
M. L. Hall
S. Hunter
S. E. Marlette
D. B. Meredith
P. Raynaud
D. Segletes
D. E. Waskey
J. G. Weicks
Working Group on Non-Metals Repair/Replacement Activities
(SG-RRA) (BPV XI)
J. E. O'Sullivan, Chair
S. Schuessler, Secretary
M. Brandes
J. Johnston, Jr.
M. Lashley
M. P. Marohl
T. M. Musto
S. Patterson
A. Pridmore
P. Raynaud
F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
R. Stakenborghs
Task Group on Repair by Carbon Fiber Composites
(WGN-MRR) (BPV XI)
J. E. O'Sullivan, Chair
S. F. Arnold
S. W. Choi
D. R. Dechene
M. Golliet
L. S. Gordon
M. Kuntz
M. P. Marohl
C. A. Nove
R. P. Ojdrovic
A. Pridmore
P. Raynaud
S. Rios
V. Roy
J. Sealey
N. Stoeva
M. F. Uddin
J. Wen
B. Davenport, Alternate
C. W. Rowley, Alternate
Working Group on Design and Programs (SG-RRA) (BPV XI)
S. B. Brown, Chair
A. B. Meichler, Secretary
O. Bhatty
R. Clow
R. R. Croft
E. V. Farrell, Jr.
E. B. Gerlach
H. Malikowski
G. C. Park
M. A. Pyne
P. Raynaud
R. R. Stevenson
R. W. Swayne
Task Group on Risk-Informed Categorization and Treatment
(BPV XI)
S. L. McCracken, Chair
T. Anselmi
H. Do
M. J. Ferlisi
E. B. Gerlach
K. W. Hall
A. E. Keyser
S. D. Kulat
D. W. Lamond
A. B. Meichler
G. Navratil
S. A. Norman
P. J. O’Regan
J. E. O’Sullivan
M. Ralstin
T. V. Vo
J. G. Weicks
Subgroup on Water-Cooled Systems (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)
G. Navratil, Chair
J. Nygaard, Secretary
J. M. Agold
V. L. Armentrout
J. M. Boughman
S. B. Brown
S. T. Chesworth
D. D. Davis
H. Q. Do
R. L. Dyle
M. J. Ferlisi
K. W. Hall
P. J. Hennessey
K. M. Hoffman
S. D. Kulat
D. W. Lamond
T. Nomura
T. Nuoffer
H. M. Stephens, Jr.
M. Weis
M. J. Homiack, Alternate
Task Group on High Strength Nickel Alloys Issues (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)
H. Malikowski, Chair
W. H. Bamford
K. Dietrich
P. R. Donavin
R. L. Dyle
K. M. Hoffman
C. Lohse
S. E. Marlette
B. L. Montgomery
G. C. Park
W. Sims
J. C. Spanner, Jr.
D. E. Waskey
Working Group on Containment (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)
H. M. Stephens, Jr., Chair
S. G. Brown, Secretary
P. S. Ghosal
H. T. Hill
B. Lehman
J. A. Munshi
M. Sircar
P. C. Smith
F. Syed
R. Thames
S. Walden
li
Copyright ASME International (BPVC) 
Provided by IHS under license with ASME Licensee=Khalda Petroleum/5986215001, User=Amer, Mohamed
Not for Resale, 07/02/2019 13:29:23 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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Working Group on Inspection of Systems and Components
(SG-WCS) (BPV XI)
M. J. Ferlisi, Chair
M. Weis, Secretary
J. M. Agold
R. W. Blyde
K. Caver
C. Cueto-Felgueroso
H. Q. Do
K. W. Hall
M. L. G. Heras
K. M. Hoffman
J. Howard
S. D. Kulat
E. Lantz
G. J. Navratil
T. Nomura
J. C. Nygaard
J. C. Younger
Working Group on Pressure Testing (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)
J. M. Boughman, Chair
S. A. Norman, Secretary
T. Anselmi
B. Casey
Y.-K. Chung
M. J. Homiack
A. E. Keyser
D. W. Lamond
J. K. McClanahan
T. P. McClure
B. L. Montgomery
C. Thomas
Task Group on Buried Components Inspection and Testing
(WG-PT) (BPV XI)
D. W. Lamond, Chair
J. M. Boughman, Secretary
M. Moenssens, Secretary
T. Anselmi
V. L. Armentrout
B. Davenport
A. Hiser
J. Ossmann
S. Rios
Working Group on Risk-Informed Activities (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)
M. A. Pyne, Chair
S. T. Chesworth, Secretary
J. M. Agold
C. Cueto-Felgueroso
A. E. Freed
J. Hakii
K. W. Hall
M. J. Homiack
S. D. Kulat
D. W. Lamond
E. Lantz
G. J. Navratil
P. J. O’Regan
N. A. Palm
D. Vetter
J. C. Younger
Working Group on General Requirements (BPV XI)
T. Nuoffer, Chair
J. Mayo, Secretary
J. F. Ball
T. L. Chan
P. J. Hennessey
A. T. Roberts III
Subgroup on Reliability and Integrity Management Program
(SG-RIM) (BPV XI)
F. J. Schaaf, Jr., Chair
A. T. Roberts III, Secretary
T. Anselmi
N. Broom
S. R. Doctor
J. D. Fletcher
J. T. Fong
T. Graham
J. Grimm
B. Heald
D. M. Jones
D. R. Lee
B. Lin
R. K. Miller
R. W. Swayne
S. Takaya
R. Vayda
Working Group on MANDE (BPV XI)
H. M. Stephens, Jr., Chair
S. R. Doctor
N. A. Finney
J. T. Fong
D. O. Henry
L. E. Mullins
M. Turnbow
JSME/ASME Joint Task Group for System-Based Code (SWG-RIM)
(BPV XI)
T. Asayama, Chair
S. R. Doctor
K. Dozaki
M. Hayashi
D. M. Jones
Y. Kamishima
D. R. Lee
H. Machida
A. T. Roberts III
F. J. Schaaf, Jr.
S. Takaya
D. Watanabe
COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORT TANKS (BPV XII)
N. J. Paulick, Chair
M. D. Rana, Vice Chair
J. Oh, Staff Secretary
A. N. Antoniou
P. Chilukuri
W. L. Garfield
M. Pitts
T. A. Rogers
S. Staniszewski
A. P. Varghese
Y. Doron, Contributing Member
R. Meyers, Contributing Member
M. R. Ward, Contributing Member
Executive Committee (BPV XII)
M. D. Rana, Chair
N. J. Paulick, Vice Chair
J. Oh, Staff Secretary
M. Pitts
S. Staniszewski
A. P. Varghese
Subgroup on Design and Materials (BPV XII)
A. P. Varghese, Chair
R. C. Sallash, Secretary
D. K. Chandiramani
P. Chilukuri
Y. Doron
R. D. Hayworth
S. L. McWilliams
N. J. Paulick
M. D. Rana
T. A. Rogers
M. Shah
S. Staniszewski
K. Xu
A. T. Duggleby, Contributing
Member
G. G. Karcher, Contributing
Member
M. R. Ward, Contributing Member
J. Zheng, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Fabrication, Inspection, and Continued Service
(BPV XII)
M. Pitts, Chair
P. Chilukuri
Y. Doron
W. Garfield
R. D. Hayworth
O. Mulet
J. Roberts
T. A. Rogers
M. Rudek
R. C. Sallash
L. Selensky
S. Staniszewski
S. E. Benet, Contributing Member
G. McRae, Contributing Member
A. S. Olivares, Contributing
Member
lii
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Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV XII)
S. Staniszewski, Chair
A. N. Antoniou
Y. Doron
J. L. Freiler
W. L. Garfield
O. Mulet
B. F. Pittel
M. Pitts
T. Rummel
R. C. Sallash
L. Selensky
P. Chilukuri, Contributing Member
T. J.Hitchcock, Contributing
Member
G. McRae, Contributing Member
S. L. McWilliams, Contributing
Member
T. A. Rogers, Contributing Member
D. G. Shelton, Contributing Member
M. R. Ward, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Nonmandatory Appendices (BPV XII)
N. J. Paulick, Chair
S. Staniszewski, Secretary
P. Chilukuri
M. Pitts
T. A. Rogers
D. G. Shelton
S. E. Benet, Contributing Member
D. D. Brusewitz, Contributing
Member
Y. Doron, Contributing Member
T. J. Hitchcock, Contributing
Member
COMMITTEE ON OVERPRESSURE PROTECTION (BPV XIII)
D. B. DeMichael, Chair
J. P. Glaspie, Vice Chair
C. E. O’Brien, Staff Secretary
J. F. Ball
J. Burgess
J. W. Dickson
A. Donaldson
S. F. Harrison, Jr.
D. Miller
B. K. Nutter
T. Patel
M. Poehlmann
D. E. Tompkins
Z. Wang
J. A. West
A. Wilson
B. Calderon, Alternate
H. Aguilar, Contributing Member
R. W. Barnes, Contributing Member
R. D. Danzy, Contributing Member
M. Elias, Contributing Member
D. Felix, Contributing Member
A. Frigerio, Contributing Member
A. Hassan, Contributing Member
P. K. Lam, Contributing Member
J. M. Levy, Contributing Member
M. Mengon, Contributing Member
J. Mize, Contributing Member
M. Mullavey, Contributing Member
S. K. Parimi, Contributing Member
J. Phillips, Contributing Member
R. Raman, Contributing Member
M. Reddy, Contributing Member
K. Shores, Contributing Member
D. E. Tezzo, Contributing Member
Executive Committee (BPV XIII)
J. P. Glaspie, Chair
C. E. O’Brien, Staff Secretary
J. F. Ball
D. B. DeMichael
A. Donaldson
D. Miller
B. K. Nutter
J. A. West
Subgroup on Design and Materials (BPV XIII)
D. Miller, Chair
C. E. Beair
A. Biesecker
W. E. Chapin
J. L. Freiler
B. Joergensen
V. Kalyanasundaram
B. J. Mollitor
B. Mruk
T. Patel
A. C. Ramirez
G. Ramirez
J. A. West
A. Williams
D. J. Azukas, Contributing Member
R. D. Danzy, Contributing Member
A. Hassan, Contributing Member
R. Miyata, Contributing Member
M. Mullavey, Contributing Member
S. K. Parimi, Contributing Member
K. Shores, Contributing Member
Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV XIII)
A. Donaldson, Chair
D. J. Azukas
J. F. Ball
M. Z. Brown
J. Burgess
D. B. DeMichael
M. Elias
T. M. Fabiani
S. T. French
J. Gillham
J. P. Glaspie
R. Klimas, Jr.
Z. E. Kumana
P. K. Lam
J. M. Levy
K. R. May
J. Mize
L. Moedinger
M. Mullavey
J. Phillips
B. F. Pittel
M. Poehlmann
K. Shores
D. E. Tezzo
D. E. Tompkins
J. F. White
B. Calderon, Contributing Member
P. Chavdarov, Contributing
Member
J. L. Freiler, Contributing Member
G. D. Goodson, Contributing
Member
C. Haldiman, Contributing Member
B. Joergensen, Contributing
Member
C. Lasarte, Contributing Member
M. Mengon, Contributing Member
D. E. Miller, Contributing Member
R. Miyata, Contributing Member
B. Mruk, Contributing Member
R. Raman, Contributing Member
M. Reddy, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Nuclear (BPV XIII)
J. F. Ball, Chair
J. W. Dickson
S. Jones
R. Krithivasan
K. R. May
D. Miller
T. Patel
K. Shores
I. H. Tseng
J. Yu
N. J. Hansing, Alternate
B. J. Yonsky, Alternate
S. T. French, Contributing Member
D. B. Ross, Contributing Member
Subgroup on Testing (BPV XIII)
B. K. Nutter, Chair
T. P. Beirne
B. Calderon
V. Chicola
J. W. Dickson
B. Engman
R. J. Garnett
R. Houk
D. T. Kelley
R. Lack
M. Mengon
C. Sharpe
J. R. Thomas
Z. Wang
A. Wilson
S. Alessandro, Contributing
Member
J. Britt, Contributing Member
W. E. Chapin, Contributing Member
J. Cockerham, Contributing
Member
R. Miyata, Contributing Member
J. Mize, Contributing Member
M. Mullavey, Contributing Member
R. Raman, Contributing Member
A. C. Ramirez, Contributing
Member
G. Ramirez, Contributing Member
K. Shores, Contributing Member
liii
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COMMITTEE ON BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CONFORMITY
ASSESSMENT (CBPVCA)
R. V. Wielgoszinski, Chair
G. Scribner, Vice Chair
G. Moino, Staff Secretary
P. Murray, Staff Secretary
J. P. Chicoine
D. C. Cook
P. D. Edwards
T. E. Hansen
B. L. Krasiun
P. F. Martin
L. E. McDonald
D. Miller
I. Powell
D. E. Tuttle
R. Uebel
E. A. Whittle
P. Williams
T. P. Beirne, Alternate
M. Blankinship, Alternate
J. W. Dickson, Alternate
J. M. Downs, Alternate
B. J. Hackett, Alternate
W. Hibdon, Alternate
Y.-S. Kim, Alternate
B. Morelock, Alternate
M. Poehlmann, Alternate
R. Rockwood, Alternate
L. Skarin, Alternate
R. D. Troutt, Alternate
B. C. Turczynski, Alternate
S. V. Voorhees, Alternate
D. Cheetham, Contributing Member
A. J. Spencer, Honorary Member
COMMITTEE ON NUCLEAR CERTIFICATION (CNC)
R. R. Stevenson, Chair
J. DeKleine, Vice Chair
L. Powers, Staff Secretary
S. Andrews
G. Gobbi
S. M. Goodwin
J. W. Highlands
K. A. Huber
K. A. Kavanagh
J. C. Krane
M. A. Lockwood
L. M. Plante
T. E. Quaka
G. Szabatura
C. Turylo
D. M. Vickery
E. A. Whittle
C. S. Withers
J. Ball, Alternate
P. J. Coco, Alternate
N. DeSantis, Alternate
C. Dinic, Alternate
P. D. Edwards, Alternate
D. P. Gobbi, Alternate
K. M. Hottle, Alternate
P. Krane, Alternate
M. Martin, Alternate
D. Nenstiel, Alternate
M. Paris, Alternate
E. L. Pleins, Alternate
P. F. Prescott, Alternate
A. Torosyan, Alternate
S. V. Voorhees, Alternate
M. Wilson, Alternate
S. Yang, Alternate
S. F. Harrison, Jr., Contributing
Member
liv
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ð19ÞASTM PERSONNEL
(Cooperating in the Development of the Specifications Herein)
As of January 1, 2019
E07 ON NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING
A. P. Washabaugh, Chair
T. Clausing, Vice Chair
T. Gordon, Recording Secretary
R. S. Gostautas, Membership
Secretary
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SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Errata to the BPV Code may be posted on the ASME website to provide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to
correct typographical or grammatical errors in the BPV Code. Such Errata shall be used on the date posted.
Information regarding Special Notices and Errata is published by ASME at http://go.asme.org/BPVCerrata.
Changes given below are identified on the pages by a margin note, (19), placed next to the affected area.
The Record Numbers listed below are explained in more detail in “List of Changes in Record Number Order” following
this Summary of Changes.
Page Location Change (Record Number)
xxv List of Sections Updated
xxvii Foreword Penultimate paragraph revised
xxix Statement of Policy on the
Use of the ASME Single
Certification Mark and
Code Authorization in
Advertising
Revised
xxix Statement of Policy on the
Use of ASME Marking to
Identify Manufactured
Items
Revised
xxx Submittal of Technical
Inquiries to the Boiler
and Pressure Vessel
Standards Committees
In para. 4, thirdsentence revised
xxxiii Personnel Updated
lv ASTM Personnel Updated
1 T-120 Subparagraphs (b), (e)(1), (e)(2), and (g) revised (17-3215, 18-536,
18-1774, 18-1775)
2 T-150 Subparagraph (d) revised (17-682)
3 T-170 Subparagraph (a) revised (18-1967)
5 I-121 Definitions of footcandle (fc), lux (lx), unprocessed data, and visible
light (white light) added (16-2667, 16-2901, 17-425)
9 I-121.2 (1) Definitions of adaptive total focusing method (ATFM), classic full
matrix capture (FMC), display grid density, elementary full matrix
capture, encoded manual ultrasonic examinations (EMUT), full
matrix capture (FMC), full matrix capture (FMC) frame, full
matrix capture/total focusing method (FMC/TFM), grid density,
matrix capture (MC) , total focusing method (TFM) , total
focusing method (TFM) datum point, total focusing method
(TFM) grid/image, and total focusing method (TFM) settings
added (12-1469, 16-1730, 18-1336)
(2) Definition of manual ultrasonic examinations (MUT) revised
(16-1730)
lvi
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Page Location Change (Record Number)
(3) In definition of S-scan, definitions of subterms beam movement
and data display redesignated by errata (17-2040)
14 I-121.4 (1) Definition of direct current (DC) added (17-2901)
(2) Definitions of half-wave rectified alternating current (HWAC) and
rectified current revised (17-2901)
15 I-121.5 Definitions of array coil topology, channel standardization, eddy
current array (ECA), eddy current channel, and fill factor (FF)
added (17-1199, 18-343)
16 I-121.6 Definition of lux (lx) deleted (17-425)
16 I-121.7 Definitions of foreline, HMSLD, mode lock, multiple mode, and test
mode added (14-2283)
25 II-110 Last sentence revised (18-536)
25 II-121 Revised (18-536, 18-1680)
26 II-124.5 Added (18-536)
26 Table II-121-1 (1) General Note (d) revised (18-1878)
(2) General Note (e) added (18-1680)
27 Table II-121-2 (1) Last row added (18-536)
(2) Note (1) revised (18-536)
27 Table II-122.2 Last row added (18-536)
28 Mandatory Appendix II,
Supplement A
(Article 1)
Added (18-536)
30 Mandatory Appendix III
(Article 1)
Added (18-1774)
35 Mandatory Appendix IV
(Article 1)
Added (18-1775)
39 T-223 In first sentence, height dimensions revised (17-382)
39 T-224 Revised (17-347)
41 T-262.1 First paragraph revised (17-847)
44 T-276.2 Subparagraph (a) revised (17-2020)
44 T-277.1 Subparagraph (d) revised (17-2625)
46 T-283.1 Second paragraph added (15-248)
63 VIII-221.1 Subparagraphs (i) and (j) added (18-967)
63 VIII-221.2 Revised (18-967)
64 VIII-283.1 Second paragraph added (15-248)
66 Mandatory Appendix VIII,
Supplement A
(Article 2)
Added (18-967)
68 IX-221.1 Subparagraphs (k) and (l) added (18-968)
68 IX-221.2 Revised (18-968)
70 IX-277.1 Subparagraphs (b), (c), and (d) revised (17-3193)
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Page Location Change (Record Number)
70 IX-281.1 Revised (17-371)
70 IX-283.1 Second paragraph added (15-248)
72 Mandatory Appendix IX,
Supplement A
(Article 2)
Added (18-968)
84 T-420 Subparagraphs (e) and (f) added (16-2752, 18-1456)
84 T-421 Revised (16-2752)
90 Figure T-434.3-2 In Note (2), second cross-reference revised (17-381)
109 IV-421 Revised (16-2752)
110 Table IV-421 Revised in its entirety (16-2752)
109 IV-422 Added (16-2752)
109 IV-492 (1) Subparagraph (b) revised (16-2748)
(2) Subparagraphs (d) and (e) added (16-2748)
111 V-421 Revised (16-2752)
112 Table V-421 Revised in its entirety (16-2752)
111 V-422 Revised in its entirety (16-2752)
113 V-492 (1) Subparagraph (b) revised (16-2749)
(2) Subparagraph (d) added, and former subpara. (d) revised and
redesignated as (e) (16-2749)
114 VII-421 Revised in its entirety (16-2752)
114 Table VII-421 Deleted (16-2752)
114 VII-423 Revised (17-2029)
115 VII-492 (1) Subparagraph (a) revised (16-2750)
(2) Subparagraphs (f) and (g) added (16-2750)
116 VIII-410 Last sentence added (18-1892)
116 VIII-421 Revised in its entirety (16-2752, 18-1726)
116 Table VIII-421 Deleted (16-2752)
116 VIII-423 Revised (17-2029)
116 VIII-432.1 “Normal frequency” corrected by errata to “nominal frequency”
(17-2105)
118 VIII-492 (1) Subparagraph (a) revised (16-2751)
(2) Subparagraphs (f) and (g) added (16-2751)
124 Mandatory Appendix XI
(Article 4)
Added (16-2755, 18-1441, 18-2154, 18-2480, 18-2715)
148 Nonmandatory Appendix
F (Article 4)
Added (17-845)
215 IV-531.2 In table, title of first column revised (17-2958)
220 T-676 T-676.1, T-676.3, and T-676.4 revised (16-2142, 17-425, 17-1198)
222 III-630 In first paragraph, second sentence revised (17-848)
224 T-710 First paragraph revised (17-905)
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Page Location Change (Record Number)
224 T-731 Subparagraph (b) revised (17-2893)
228 T-762 Subparagraphs (b) and (c) revised (17-903)
233 T-777 T-777.1, T-777.2, and T-777.3(c) revised (16-2142, 17-425)
236 I-730 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
242 V-720 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
242 V-721 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
246 T-810 Subparagraphs (i), (j), (k), and (l) added (17-2039, 17-2900)
247 Mandatory Appendix II
(Article 8)
Paragraphs and associated figures within II-830, II-840, II-860,
II-880, and II-890 editorially redesignated
256 IV-810 Last sentence revised (17-906)
264 VII-830 Paragraphs and associated figure editorially redesignated
268 Mandatory Appendix VIII
(Article 8)
Title revised (17-2039)
269 Table VIII-821 In first row, “and grade/temper” deleted by errata (17-2896)
270 VIII-850 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
272 VIII-880 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
272 VIII-890 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
274 Mandatory Appendix IX
(Article 8)
Added (17-2900)
279 Mandatory Appendix X
(Article 8)
Added (17-2900)
283 Table T-921 Fifth row revised (18-1340)
284 T-952 Fourth sentence revised (17-425)
284 T-953 Last sentence revised (17-1688)
284 T-955 Added (17-1688)
284 T-980 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
284 T-991 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
288 Table I-1021 Fifth row revised (17-2902)
290 Table II-1021 Fifth row revised (17-2903)
293 Table III-1021 Fourth row revised (17-2904)
296 Table IV-1021 Fifth row revised (17-2905)
299 Table V-1021 Fifth row revised (17-2906)
301 Table VI-1021 Fifth row revised (17-2907)
304 Table VIII-1021 Fifth row revised (17-2908)
306 Mandatory Appendix IX
(Article 10)
Revised in its entirety (15-265, 17-2909, 17-2910)
312 Mandatory Appendix XI
(Article 10)
Added (16-484)
lix
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Page Location Change (Record Number)
338 T-1220 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
338 T-1224 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
340 T-1273.1 Title editorially added
345 I-1210 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
367 III-1332 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
367 III-1360 Titles editorially added to III-1361 through III-1364
368 III-1382 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
374 VI-1330 Titles editorially added to VI-1331.1, VI-1331.2, and VI-1332.1
394 T-1710 In subpara. (d), cross-reference revised (18-344)
395 T-1762 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
401 T-1863 Paragraphs editorially redesignated
459 SE-1030/SE-1030M Revised in its entirety (17-420)
503 SE-1416 Revised in its entirety (17-2952)
517 SE-2597/SE-2597M Added (16-2096)
537 SA-388/SA-388M Revised in its entirety (17-417)
547 SA-435/SA-435M Revised in its entirety (18-1289)
551 SA-577/SA-577M Revised in its entirety (18-1290)
555 SA-578/SA-578M Revised in its entirety (18-1291)
577 SB-548 (1) ASTM reapproval date revised (17-2957)
(2) Title editorially corrected
609 SE-317 Added (14-1018)
623 SE-797/SE-797M Revised in its entirety (17-416)
667 SD-516 Revised in its entirety (17-423)
673 SD-808 Revised in its entirety (17-424)
779 SE-650/SE-650M Revised in its entirety (17-2970)
821 SE-1118/SE-1118M Revised in its entirety (17-2971)
835 SE-1139/SE-1139M Revised in its entirety (17-2972)
843 SE-1211/SE-1211M Revised in its entirety (17-2973)
862 Article 30 Editorially deleted
865 SE-2261/SE-2261M Revised in its entirety (17-2898)
881 SE-2096/SE-2096M Revised in its entirety (17-2897)
917 A-1 Revised (17-334)
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LIST OF CHANGES IN RECORD NUMBER ORDER
Record Number Change
12-1469 Added three definitions for FMC/TFM in I-121.2 to support the inclusion of FMC/TFM into the
ASME Codes.
14-1018 Adopted ASTM E317-16 as SE-317-16.
14-2283 Added definitions for “foreline,” “HMSLD,” “mode lock,” “multiple mode,” and “test mode.”
15-248 Added a sentence in Article 2 to clarify that the essential wire shall be visible within the area of
interest representing the thickness used for determining the essential wire (inclusive of allow-
able density and brightness variations).
15-265 Updated Article 10, Mandatory Appendix IX with a substantial number of changes including,
but not limited to, the following: Revised text to acknowledge and set standards for the use
of the multimode heliummass spectrometers that are now the common design. Added an equa-
tion to calculate the instrument sensitivity (the requirement is not new, but agreed means of
calculating are now available). Improved system calibration practices. Improved helium con-
centration measurement and use of that data. Revised text to address the use of high-speed
booster pumps (turbomolecular or diffusion pumps). Added other improved practices that
have come into use over the many years since this Appendix was last reviewed.
16-484 Added Mandatory Appendix XI in Article 10 to address the helium leak test of sealed objects
that contain helium, such as a package that is welded closed with helium as the gas portion
of the package contents.
16-1730 Added a definition for “encoded manual ultrasonic examinations.” Revised the definition for
“Manual Ultrasonic Examinations.”
16-2096 Adopted ASTM E2597-14 as SE-2597-14.
16-2142 Added and revised several sections changing “black light” to “UV-A light” and revising various
words to make Articles 6 and 7 have the same content except for references to other para-
graphs. Added new paragraphs for LED lights and revised the designations of those and old
paragraphs that changed because of the insertions.
16-2667 Added a definition for “visible light” in I-121.
16-2748 Added additional reporting requirements in IV-492.
16-2749 Added additional reporting requirements in V-492.
16-2750 Added additional reporting requirements and clarified the linkage to Appendix V requirements
in VII-492.
16-2751 Added additional reporting requirements and clarified the linkage to Article 4, Mandatory
Appendix V requirements.
16-2752 Consolidated the variables for phased array examinations in a user-friendly format. Added sev-
eral variables based on lessons learned, qualification experiences, and enhanced equipment
capabilities. Clarified the need for scan plans in Article 4, Mandatory Appendix IV. Revised
IV-421 to delete the reference to Table T-421. Revised IV-421.2 to reference only Table
IV-421. Inserted IV-422 to clarify the need for and use of a scan plan. Revised Table IV-421
to incorporate Table T-421 and supplemented the listed variables to incorporate variables
from Table T-421 as a single source of procedure requirements. Revised V-421 to delete the
reference to Table T-421. Revised V-421.2 to reference only Table V-421. Inserted V-422 to
clarify the need for and use of a scan plan. Revised Table V-421 to incorporate Tables T-421,
VII-421, and VIII-421 and supplemented the listed variables to incorporate variables from
Table T-421 as a single source of procedure requirements. Revised VII-421.1 to delete the re-
ference to Table T-421 and refer to Table V-421. Revised VII-421.2 to delete the reference to
Table T-421 and refer to Table V-421. Deleted Table VII-421. Revised VIII-421.1 to delete
the reference to Table T-421 and refer to Table V-421. Revised VIII-421.2 to delete the refer-
ence to Table T-421 and refer to Table V-421. Deleted Table VIII-421.
16-2755 Added Mandatory Appendix XI in Article 4.
16-2901 Added a definition for “unprocessed data.”
17-334 Revised the first sentence in A-1 to change the term “Nonmandatory Appendix” to “Section.”
lxi
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Record Number Change
17-347 Replaced the word “organization's” with “Manufacturer's” in the second sentence of T-224 and
added “An NDE subcontractor’s name or symbol may also be used together with that of the
Manufacturer” as the third sentence.
17-371 Revised IX-281.1 to address the use of DDSs that are in motion, taking into account the use of
image stacking (multiple exposures to generate a final compounded image).
17-381 Changed the reference in Figure T-434.3-2, Note (2) from “T-464.1.2” (incorrectly directing the
user to the paragraph for setting up a DAC curve with notches) to “T-464.1.3” (correctly direct-
ing the user to the paragraph for setting up a DAC curve using side-drilled holes).
17-382 Revised T-223 to reflect a minimum dimension of 7/16 in. (11 mm) for the required height of a
lead symbol “B” for the determination of the presence of backscattered radiation.
17-416 Updated SE-797 to ASTM E797-15.
17-417 Updated SA-388 to ASTM A388-16a.
17-420 Updated SE-1030 to ASTM E1030-15.
17-423 Updated SD-516 to ASTM D516-16.
17-424 Updated SD-808 to ASTM D808-16.
17-425 Revised Articles 6, 7, and 9 to change the lx values for 100 fc to 1 076 lx. Revised the value for 2
fc in T-777.3 to 21.5 lx. Deleted the definition for lux in Article 1, Appendix I, Visual Definitions
and placed it in the General Definitions and added a general definition for “footcandle.”17-682 Revised the first sentence in T-150(d) to require the qualification demonstration be performed
prior to the acceptance of production examinations. Editorially revised to begin sublist of items
with a new second sentence.
17-845 Added Nonmandatory Appendix F in Article 4.
17-847 Revised “90 days” to “3 months” in T-262.1.
17-848 Revised “9.5 mm” to “10 mm” in III-630.
17-903 Revised T-762 to clarify the intent of the maximum pole spacing and yoke contact for electro-
magnetic and permanent yokes.
17-905 Revised T-710 to reflect the correct title of SE-709 as adopted.
17-906 Revised IV-810 to reflect the correct title of SE-243 as adopted.
17-1198 Revised T-676.1.
17-1199 Added definitions for “O.D. encircling coils” and “I.D. probes/coils.”
17-1688 Added the requirement for the calibration of light meters as required and as in Articles 6 and 7.
Revised T-953 to include light intensity along with resolution.
17-2020 Revised T-276.2(a) to remove the word “actual” in the first sentence and to add a weld condi-
tion clarification in the second sentence.
17-2029 Added requirements for personnel certification for those who approve setups and perform ca-
librations to VII-423 and VIII-423.
17-2039 Added references to Mandatory Appendices VII and VIII to T-810. Revised the title of Article 8,
Mandatory Appendix VIII.
17-2040 Errata correction. See Summary of Changes for details.
17-2105 Errata correction. See Summary of Changes for details.
17-2625 Changed wording from “... is across the length of ...” to “... are transverse to the longitudinal axis
of ...”
17-2893 Replaced “should” with “shall” in T-731(b). Added the following after “with” in T-731(b): “the
applicable specifications listed in SE-709, para. 2.2.”
17-2896 Errata correction. See Summary of Changes for details.
17-2897 Updated SE-2096/SE-2096M to ASTM E2096/E2096M-16.
17-2898 Updated SE-2261/SE-2261M to ASTM E2261/E2261M-17.
17-2900 Amended T-810. Added Mandatory Appendices IX and X in Article 8.
17-2901 Added definition for “direct current (DC)” to Article 1, Mandatory Appendix I. Revised defini-
tions for “half-wave rectified alternating current (HWAC)” and “rectified current” for consis-
tency.
17-2902 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table I-1021.
17-2903 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table II-1021.
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17-2904 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table III-1021.
17-2905 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table IV-1021.
17-2906 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table V-1021.
17-2907 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table VI-1021.
17-2908 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table VIII-1021.
17-2909 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table IX-1021.
17-2910 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table IX-1021.
17-2952 Adopted ASTM E1416-16a as SE-1416-16a.
17-2957 Updated SB-548 to ASTM B548-03 (2017).
17-2958 Revised first column head to “Bolt Diameter” in the table in IV-531.2.
17-2970 Updated SE-650/SE-650M to ASTM E650/E650M-17.
17-2971 Updated SE-1118/SE-1118M to ASTM E1118/E1118M-16.
17-2972 Updated SE-1139 to ASTM E1139/E1139M-17.
17-2973 Updated SE-1211/SE-1211M to ASTM E1211/E1211M-17.
17-3193 Added wording to IX-277.1(b), IX-277.1(c), and IX-277.1(d) to clearly indicate the require-
ments for in-motion techniques.
17-3215 Replaced “are nonmandatory” with “are not mandatory” and added “Where there is a conflict
between Subsection A and Subsection B, the requirements of Subsection A take precedence” in
T-120(b).
18-343 Added definitions to support ASME codes related to eddy current array (ECA) inspection appli-
cations.
18-344 Revised T-1710(d) by changing “Article 26” to “Article 32” to reflect the editorial movement of
SE-2096 from Article 26 to Article 32.
18-536 Revised T-120(g), II-110, and II-121. Added II-124.5. Revised Tables II-121.2 and II-122.2.
Added Article 1, Mandatory Appendix II, Supplement A.
18-967 Added subparas. VIII-221.1(i) and VIII-221.1(j). Revised VIII-221.2 to reference new Supple-
ment A for procedure demonstration.
18-968 Added subparas. IX-221.1(k) and IX-221.1(l). Revised IX-221.2 to reference Supplement A for
procedure demonstration.
18-1289 Updated SA-435/SA-435M to ASTM A435/A435M-17.
18-1290 Updated SA-577/SA-577M to ASTM A577/A577M-17.
18-1291 Updated SA-578/SA-578M to ASTM A578/A578M-17.
18-1336 Added 10 definitions for FMC/TFM in I-121.2 to support the inclusion of FMC/TFM.
18-1340 Reclassified “personnel performance qualification requirements, when required” as a nones-
sential variable in Table T-921.
18-1441 Deleted part of XI-450 that is redundant of XI-421.2. Added reference to T-150(d) in XI-421.2.
Replaced “are” with “shall be” in XI-462.4(a). Corrected typos in XI-421.1, XI-421.2, XI-482(a),
and Figure XI-434.
18-1456 Added T-420(e) to reference Article 4, Mandatory Appendix V.
18-1680 Added General Note (e) in Table II-121-1. Added second and third paragraphs in II-121.
18-1726 Added “and shall comply with Article 1, T-150(d)” to the first sentence of VIII-421.2.
18-1774 Replaced “2006 Edition” of ASNT SNT-TC-1A with “2016 Edition” and added “Mandatory
Appendix III” in T-120.
18-1775 Replaced “2006 Edition” of ANSI/ASNT CP-189 with “2016 Edition” and added “Mandatory
Appendix IV” in T-120.
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18-1878 Revised Table II-121-1, General Note (d) to establish the minimum additional training hours for
a Level II examiner certified in one Radiography technique to achieve certification Level II in
another technique as 24 hr of technique-specific training, plus 16 hr of manufacturer-specific
hardware/software training for each system/software to be used, plus 10 practical examina-
tion specimens, as called out in II-122.1(b), per additional technique.
18-1892 Added the following sentence in VIII-410: “When fracture-mechanics-based acceptance criteria
are used with the full matrix capture (FMC) ultrasonic technique, Mandatory Appendix XI shall
apply.”
18-1967 Revised to remove gender-specific pronouns.
18-2154 Changed the reference from “Nonmandatory Appendix T” to “Nonmandatory Appendix F” in
XI-410.
18-2480 Added XI-467 and added second sentence to XI-471.1.
18-2715 Deleted reference to IX-492 from XI-492.
lxiv
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--`,``,``,,`,`,,````,`,``,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---CROSS-REFERENCING AND STYLISTIC CHANGES IN THE BOILER
AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE
There have been structural and stylistic changes to BPVC, starting with the 2011 Addenda, that should be noted to aid
navigating the contents. The following is an overview of the changes:
Subparagraph Breakdowns/Nested Lists Hierarchy
• First-level breakdowns are designated as (a), (b), (c), etc., as in the past.
• Second-level breakdowns are designated as (1), (2), (3), etc., as in the past.
• Third-level breakdowns are now designated as (-a), (-b), (-c), etc.
• Fourth-level breakdowns are now designated as (-1), (-2), (-3), etc.
• Fifth-level breakdowns are now designated as (+a), (+b), (+c), etc.
• Sixth-level breakdowns are now designated as (+1), (+2), etc.
Footnotes
With the exception of those included in the front matter (roman-numbered pages), all footnotes are treated as end-
notes. The endnotes are referenced in numeric order and appear at the end of each BPVC section/subsection.
Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees
Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees has been moved to the front
matter. This information now appears in all Boiler Code Sections (except for Code Case books).
Cross-References
It is our intention to establish cross-reference link functionality in the current edition and moving forward. To facil-
itate this, cross-reference style has changed. Cross-references within a subsection or subarticle will not include the des-
ignator/identifier of that subsection/subarticle. Examples follow:
• (Sub-)Paragraph Cross-References. The cross-references to subparagraph breakdowns will follow the hierarchy of
the designators under which the breakdown appears.
– If subparagraph (-a) appears in X.1(c)(1) and is referenced in X.1(c)(1), it will be referenced as (-a).
– If subparagraph (-a) appears in X.1(c)(1) but is referenced in X.1(c)(2), it will be referenced as (1)(-a).
– If subparagraph (-a) appears in X.1(c)(1) but is referenced in X.1(e)(1), it will be referenced as (c)(1)(-a).
– If subparagraph (-a) appears in X.1(c)(1) but is referenced in X.2(c)(2), it will be referenced as X.1(c)(1)(-a).
• Equation Cross-References. The cross-references to equations will follow the same logic. For example, if eq. (1) ap-
pears in X.1(a)(1) but is referenced in X.1(b), it will be referenced as eq. (a)(1)(1). If eq. (1) appears in X.1(a)(1) but
is referenced in a different subsection/subarticle/paragraph, it will be referenced as eq. X.1(a)(1)(1).
lxv
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ð19Þ
SUBSECTION A
NONDESTRUCTIVE METHODS OF
EXAMINATION
ARTICLE 1
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
T-110 SCOPE
(a) This Section of the Code contains requirements and
methods for nondestructive examination (NDE), which
are Code requirements to the extent they are specifically
referenced and required by other Code Sections or refer-
encing documents. These NDE methods are intended to
detect surface and internal imperfections in materials,
welds, fabricated parts, and components. They include
radiographic examination, ultrasonic examination, liquid
penetrant examination, magnetic particle examination,
eddy current examination, visual examination, leak test-
ing, and acoustic emission examination. See Nonmanda-
tory Appendix A of this Article for a listing of common
imperfections and damage mechanisms, and the NDE
methods that are generally capable of detecting them.
(b) For general terms such as inspection, flaw, disconti-
nuity, evaluation, etc., refer to Mandatory Appendix I.
(c) New editions of Section V may be used beginning
with the date of issuance and become mandatory 6
months after the date of issuance unless modified by
the referencing document.
(d) Code Cases are permissible and may be used, begin-
ning with the date of approval by ASME. Only Code Cases
that are specifically identified as being applicable to this
Section may be used. At the time a Code Case is applied,
only the latest revision may be used. Code Cases that have
been incorporated into this Section or have been annulled
shall not be used, unless permitted by the referencing
Code. Qualifications using the provisions of a Code Case
remain valid after the Code Case is annulled. The Code
Case number shall be listed on the NDE Procedure or Per-
sonnel Certification, as applicable.
T-120 GENERAL
(a) Subsection A describes the methods of nondestruc-
tive examination to be used if referenced by other Code
Sections or referencing documents.
(b) Subsection B lists Standards covering nondestruc-
tive examination methods which have been accepted as
standards. These standards are not mandatory unless
specifically referenced in whole or in part in Subsection
A or as indicated in other Code Sections or referencing
documents. Where there is a conflict between Subsection
A and Subsection B, the requirements of Subsection A
take precedence.
(c) Any reference to a paragraph of any Article in Sub-
section A of this Section includes all of the applicable rules
in the paragraph.1 In every case, reference to a paragraph
includes all the subparagraphs and subdivisions under
that paragraph.
(d) Reference to a standard contained in Subsection B
is mandatory only to the extent specified.2
(e) For those documents that directly reference this
Article for the qualification of NDE personnel, the qualifi-
cation shall be in accordance with their employer’s writ-
ten practice which shall be in accordance with one of the
following documents:
(1) SNT-TC-1A (2016 Edition),3 Personnel Qualifica-
tion and Certification in Nondestructive Testing, as
amended by Mandatory Appendix III; or
(2) ANSI/ASNT CP-189 (2016 Edition),3 ASNT Stan-
dard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive
Testing Personnel, as amended by Mandatory Appendix
IV
(f) National or international central certification pro-
grams, such as the ASNT Central Certification Program
(ACCP) or ISO 9712:2012-based programs, may be alter-
natively used to fulfill the training, experience, and exam-
ination requirements of the documents listed in (e) as
specified in the employer’s written practice.
1
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(g) In addition to the requirements described in (e) or
(f) above, if the techniques of computed radiography (CR),
digital radiography (DR), phased-array ultrasonic
(PAUT), ultrasonic time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), or ul-
trasonic full matrix capture (FMC) are to be used, the
training, experience, and examination requirements
found in Article 1, Mandatory AppendixII shall also be in-
cluded in the employer’s written practice for each tech-
nique as applicable.
(h) Alternatively, performance-based qualification pro-
grams, in accordance with ASME ANDE-1-2015, ASME
Nondestructive Examination and Quality Control Central
Qualification and Certification Program, may be used for
training, experience, examination, and certification activ-
ities as specified in the written practice.
(i) When the referencing Code Section does not specify
qualifications or does not reference directly Article 1 of
this Section, qualification may simply involve a demon-
stration to show that the personnel performing the non-
destructive examinations are competent to do so in
accordance with the organization ’s established
procedures.
(j) The user of this Article is responsible for the quali-
fication and certification of NDE Personnel in accordance
with the requirements of this Article. The organization’s4
Quality Program shall stipulate how this is to be accom-
plished. Qualifications in accordance with a prior edition
of SNT-TC-1A, or CP-189 are valid until recertification. Re-
certification or new certification shall be in accordance
with the edition of SNT-TC-1A or CP-189 specified in (e)
above. When any of the techniques included in (g) above
are used, the additional requirements of that paragraph
shall also apply.
(k) Limited certification of nondestructive examination
personnel who do not perform all of the operations of a
nondestructive method that consists of more than one op-
eration, or who perform nondestructive examinations of
limited scope, may be based on fewer hours of training
and experience than recommended in SNT-TC-1A or
CP-189. Any limitations or restrictions placed upon a per-
son’s certification shall be described in the written prac-
tice and on the certification.
(l) Either U.S. Customary Units or SI Units may be used
for compliance with all requirements of this edition, but
one system shall be used consistently throughout for all
phases of construction.
(1) Either the U.S. Customary Units or SI Units that
are listed in Section V Mandatory Appendix II (in the rear
of Section V and listed in other Code books) are identified
in the text, or are identified in the nomenclature for equa-
tions shall be used consistently for all phases of construc-
tion (e.g., materials, design, fabrication, and reports).
Since values in the two systems are not exact equivalents,
each system shall be used independently of the other
without mixing U.S. Customary Units and SI Units.
(2)When SI Units are selected, U.S. Customary values
in referenced specifications that do not contain SI Units
shall be converted to SI values to at least three significant
figures for use in calculations and other aspects of
construction.
T-130 EQUIPMENT
It is the responsibility of the Code User to ensure that
the examination equipment being used conforms to the
requirements of this Code Section.
T-150 PROCEDURE
(a)When required by the referencing Code Section, all
nondestructive examinations performed under this Code
Section shall be performed following a written procedure.
A procedure demonstration shall be performed to the sat-
isfaction of the Inspector. When required by the referen-
cing Code Section, a personnel demonstration may be
used to verify the ability of the examiner to apply the ex-
amination procedure. The examination procedure shall
comply with the applicable requirements of this Section
for the particular examination method. Written proce-
dures shall be made available to the Inspector on request.
At least one copy of each procedure shall be readily avail-
able to the Nondestructive Examination Personnel for
their reference and use.
(b) The nondestructive examination methods and tech-
niques included in this Section are applicable to most geo-
metric configurations and materials encountered in
fabrication under normal conditions. Whenever special
configurations or materials require modified methods
and techniques, the organization shall develop special
procedures which are equivalent or superior to the meth-
ods and techniques described in this Code Section, and
which are capable of producing interpretable examina-
tion results under the special conditions. Such special
procedures may be modifications or combinations of
methods described or referenced in this Code Section. A
procedure demonstration shall be performed to verify
the technique is capable of detecting discontinuities un-
der the special conditions equal to the capabilities of
the method when used under more general conditions.
These special procedures shall be submitted to the In-
spector for acceptance when required by the referencing
Code Section, and shall be adopted as part of the Manufac-
turer’s quality control program.
(c) When a referencing Code Section requires an exam-
ination to be performed in accordance with the require-
ments of this Section, it shall be the responsibility of the
organization to establish nondestructive examination
procedures and personnel qualification and certification
procedures conforming to the referenced requirements.
2
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ð19Þ
(d)When qualification of the written examination pro-
cedure is required by the referencing Code Section, a qua-
lification demonstration shall be performed prior to
acceptance of production examinations. The qualification
demonstration shall be performed
(1) under the control and supervision of a Level III
Examiner who is qualified and certified for performing
the examination method and technique specified by the
procedure, and shall be witnessed by the Inspector. The
supervising Level III may be an employee of the qualifying
organization or a subcontractor organization.
(2) on a minimum of one test specimen having flaws
whose size, location, orientation, quantity, and character-
ization have been determined prior to the demonstration
and are known only by the supervising Level III Examiner.
(-a) The maximum acceptable flaw size, required
flaw orientation, and minimum number of flaws shall be
as specified by the referencing Code Section.
(-b) Natural flaws are preferred over artificial
flaws whenever possible.
(3) by a Level II or Level III Examiner (other than the
supervising Level III) who is qualified and certified to per-
form the examination method and technique specified by
the written procedure.
The procedure shall be considered qualified when
the supervising Level III and the Inspector are satisfied
that indications produced by the demonstrated procedure
effectively reveal the size, location, orientation, quantity,
and characterization of the flaws known to be present
in the examined test specimen.
The qualification demonstration shall be documen-
ted as required by the referencing Code Section and by
this Section, as set forth in the applicable Article for the
examination method and the applicable Appendix for
the specified examination technique. The qualification
document shall be annotated to indicate qualification of
the written procedure, and identify the examined test
specimen. The name and/or identity and signature of
the supervising Level III and the witnessing Inspector
shall be added to indicate their acceptance of the proce-
dure qualification.
T-160 CALIBRATION
(a) The organization shall assure that all equipment ca-
librations required by Subsection A and/or Subsection B
are performed.
(b)Whenspecial procedures are developed [see
T-150(a)], the Code User shall specify what calibration
is necessary, when calibration is required.
T-170 EXAMINATIONS AND INSPECTIONS
(a) The Inspector concerned with the fabrication of the
vessel or pressure part shall have the duty of verifying to
the Inspector's satisfaction that all examinations required
by the referencing Code Section have been made to the re-
quirements of this Section and the referencing
document(s). The Inspector shall have the right to wit-
ness any of these examinations to the extent stated in
the referencing document(s). Throughout this Section of
the Code, the word Inspector shall be as defined and qual-
ified as required by the referencing Code Section or refer-
encing document(s).
(b) The special distinction established in the various
Code Sections between inspection and examination and
the personnel performing them is also adopted in this
Code Section. In other words, the term inspection applies
to the functions performed by the Inspector, but the term
examination applies to those quality control functions
performed by personnel employed by the organization.
One area of occasional deviation from these distinctions
exists. In the ASTM Standard Methods and Recommended
Practices incorporated in this Section of the Code by re-
ference or by reproduction in Subsection B, the words in-
spection or Inspector, which frequently occur in the text or
titles of the referenced ASTM documents, may actually de-
scribe what the Code calls examination or examiner. This
situation exists because ASTM has no occasion to be con-
cerned with the distinctions which the Code makes be-
tween inspection and examination, since ASTM activities
and documents do not involve the Inspector described
in the Code Sections. However, no attempt has been made
to edit the ASTM documents to conform with Code usage;
this should cause no difficulty if the users of this Section
recognize that the terms inspection, testing, and examina-
tion in the ASTM documents referenced in Subsection B
do not describe duties of the Inspector but rather describe
the things to be done by the organization’s examination
personnel.
T-180 EVALUATION
The acceptance criteria for the NDE methods in this
Section shall be as stated in the referencing Code Section,
and where provided in the Articles of this Section. Accep-
tance criteria in the referencing Code Section shall take
precedence.
T-190 RECORDS/DOCUMENTATION
(a) Documentation and records shall be prepared as
specified by the referencing Code Section and the applic-
able requirements of this Section. Examination records
shall include the following information as a minimum:
(1) date of the examination
(2) name and/or identity and certification level (if
applicable) for personnel performing the examination
(3) identification of the weld, part, or component ex-
amined including weld number, serial number, or other
identifier
3
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(4) examination method, technique, procedure iden-
tification, and revision
(5) results of the examination
(b) Personnel qualification and procedure performance
demonstrations performed in compliance with the re-
quirements of T-150(a) or T-150(b) shall be documented
as specified by the referencing Code Section.
(c) When documentation requirements for personnel
qualification and procedure performance demonstrations
performed in compliance with the requirements of
T-150(a) or T-150(b) are not specified by the referencing
Code Section, the following information shall be recorded
as a minimum:
(1) name of organization responsible for preparation
and approval of the examination procedure
(2) examination method applied
(3) procedure number or designation
(4) number and date of most recent revision
(5) date of the demonstration
(6) name and/or identity and certification level (if
applicable) of personnel performing demonstration
(d) Retention of examination records and related docu-
mentation (e.g., radiographs and review forms, ultrasonic
scan files, etc.) shall be as specified by the referencing
Code Section.
(e) Digital images and reviewing software shall be re-
tained under an appropriate record retention system that
is capable of securely storing and retrieving data for the
time period specified by the referencing Code Section.
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ð19Þ
MANDATORY APPENDIX I
GLOSSARY OF TERMS FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION
I-110 SCOPE
This Mandatory Appendix is used for the purpose of es-
tablishing standard terms and the definitions of those
terms for Section V.
I-120 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
The terms and definitions provided in this Appendix
apply to the nondestructive examination methods and
techniques described in Section V. Some terms are identi-
cal to those provided in ASTM E1316, while others are
Code specific. The terms are grouped by examination
method, in the order of the Articles contained in Section V.
I-121 GENERAL TERMS
area of interest: the specific portion of the object that is to
be evaluated as defined by the referencing Code Section.
defect: one or more flaws whose aggregate size, shape, or-
ientation, location, or properties do not meet specified ac-
ceptance criteria and are rejectable.
discontinuity: a lack of continuity or cohesion; an inten-
tional or unintentional interruption in the physical struc-
ture or configuration of a material or component.
evaluation: determination of whether a relevant indica-
tion is cause to accept or to reject a material or
component.
examination: the process of determining the condition of
an area of interest by nondestructive means against es-
tablished acceptance or rejection criteria.
false indication: an NDE indication that is interpreted to
be caused by a condition other than a discontinuity or
imperfection.
flaw: an imperfection or discontinuity that may be detect-
able by nondestructive testing and is not necessarily
rejectable.
flaw characterization: the process of quantifying the size,
shape, orientation, location, growth, or other properties
of a flaw based on NDE response.
footcandle (fc): the illumination on a surface, 1 ft2 in area,
on which is uniformly distributed a flux of 1 lumen (lm). It
equals 10.76 lm/m2.
imperfection: a departure of a quality characteristic from
its intended condition.
indication: the response or evidence from a nondestruc-
tive examination that requires interpretation to deter-
mine relevance.
inspection: the observation of any operation performed
on materials and/or components to determine its accept-
ability in accordance with given criteria.
interpretation: the process of determining whether an in-
dication is nonrelevant or relevant, which may include de-
termining the indication type and/or other data
necessary to apply the established evaluation criteria
for acceptance or rejection.
limited certification: an accreditation of an individual’s
qualification to perform some but not all of the operations
within a given nondestructive examination method or
technique that consists of one or more than one opera-
tion, or to performnondestructive examinations within
a limited scope of responsibility.
lux (lx): a unit of illumination equal to the direct illumina-
tion on a surface that is everywhere 1 m from a uniform
point source of one candle intensity or equal to 1 lm/m2.
method: the following is a list of nondestructive examina-
tion methods and respective abbreviations used within
the scope of Section V:
RT — Radiography
UT — Ultrasonics
MT — Magnetic Particle
PT — Liquid Penetrants
VT — Visual
LT — Leak Testing
ET — Electromagnetic (Eddy Current)
AE — Acoustic Emission
nondestructive examination (NDE): the development and
application of technical methods to examine materials
and/or components in ways that do not impair future
usefulness and serviceability in order to detect, locate,
measure, interpret, and evaluate flaws.
nonrelevant indication: an NDE indication that is caused
by a condition or type of discontinuity that is not reject-
able. False indications are nonrelevant.
operation: a specific phase of a method or technique.
5
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personnel demonstration: when an individual displays an
understanding of the examination method and profi-
ciency in conducting the examination, by performing a de-
monstration examination using the employer’s written
nondestructive examination procedure.
procedure: an orderly sequence of actions describing how
a specific technique shall be applied.
procedure demonstration: when a written procedure is de-
monstrated, to the satisfaction of the Inspector, by apply-
ing the examination method using the employer’s written
nondestructive examination procedure to display compli-
ance with the requirements of this Section, under
(a) normal examination conditions per T-150(a), or
(b) special conditions as described in T-150(b).
procedure qualification: when a written nondestructive
examination procedure is qualified in accordance with
the detailed requirements of the referencing Code
Section.
reference standard: a material or object for which all rele-
vant chemical and physical characteristics are known and
measurable, used as a comparison for, or standardization
of, equipment or instruments used for nondestructive
testing.
relevant indication: an NDE indication that is caused by a
condition or type of discontinuity that requires
evaluation.
sensitivity: a measure of the level of response from a dis-
continuity by a nondestructive examination.
Standard:
(a) a physical reference used as a basis for comparison
or calibration.
(b) a concept that has been established by authority,
custom, or agreement to serve as a model or rule
in the measurement of quality or the establishment
of a practice or procedure.
technique: a technique is a specific way of utilizing a par-
ticular nondestructive examination (NDE) method.
unprocessed data: the original recorded data prior to any
post-examination modification, transformation, or
enhancement.
visible light (white light): electromagnetic radiation in the
400-nm to 700-nm (4 000-Å to 7 000-Å) wavelength
range.
I-121.1 RT — Radiography.
analog image: an image produced by a continuously vari-
able physical process (for example, exposure of film).
annotate: to provide an explanatory note on the digital
image.
back-scattered radiation: radiation which is scattered
more than 90 deg with respect to the incident beam, that
is, backward in the general direction of the radiation
source.
bad pixel: a pixel with performance outside of a specified
range; pixels may be dead, overresponding, underre-
sponding, noisy, nonuniform, or nonpersistent.
calibrated line pair test pattern: see optical line pair test
pattern.
calibrated step wedge film: a radiograph with discrete
density steps, which is traceable to a national standard.
cassette: a light-tight container for holding radiographic
recording media during exposure, for example, film, with
or without intensifying or conversion screens.
cluster kernel pixel (CKP): pixels that do not have five or
more good neighborhood pixels.
composite viewing: the viewing of two or more superim-
posed radiographs from a multiple film exposure.
computed radiography (CR) (photostimulated lumines-
cence method): a two-step radiographic imaging process.
First, a storage phosphor imaging plate is exposed to pe-
netrating radiation; second, the luminescence from the
plate’s photostimulable luminescent phosphor is de-
tected, digitized, and displayed on a monitor.
contrast sensitivity: a measure of the minimum percentage
change in an object which produces a perceptible den-
sity/ brightness change in the radiological image.
contrast sensitivity (per Mandatory Appendix VI): the size
of the smallest detectable change in optical density.
contrast stretch: a function that operates on the grayscale
values in an image to increase or decrease image contrast.
data compression: a reduction in the size of a digital data
set to a smaller data set.
densitometer: a device for measuring the optical density
of radiograph film.
density (film): see film density.
density shift: a function that raises or lowers all density/
grayscale values equally such that contrast is maintained
within the data set.
designated wire: the specific wire that must be discernible
in the radiographic image of a wire-type image quality
indicator.
diaphragm: an aperture (opening) in a radiation opaque
material that limits the usable beam size of a radiation
source.
digital: the representation of data or physical quantities
in the form of discrete codes, such as numerical charac-
ters, rather than a continuous stream.
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digital detector array (DDA): an electronic device that
converts ionizing or penetrating radiation into a discrete
array of analog signals that are subsequently digitized
and transferred to a computer for display as a digital im-
age corresponding to the radiologic energy pattern im-
parted on the region of the device.
digital detector system (DDS): a digital imaging system
that uses, but is not limited to, a DDA or LDA as the
detector.
digital image: an image composed of discrete pixels each
of which is characterized by a digitally represented lumi-
nance level.
digital image acquisition system: a system of electronic
components which, by either directly detecting radiation
or converting analog radiation detection information, cre-
ates an image of the spatial radiation intensity map com-
prised of an array of discrete digital intensity values (see
pixel).
digital radiography (DR): all radiography methods where-
by image data is stored in a digital format.
digitize (for radiology): the act of converting an analog im-
age or signal to a digital presentation.
display pixel size: the length and width dimensions of the
smallest element of a displayed image.
dynamic range: the range of operation of a device be-
tween its upper and lower limits; this range can be given
as a ratio (e.g., 100:1) of the maximum signal level cap-
ability to its noise level, the number of measurable steps
between the upper and lower limits, the number of bits
needed torecord this number of measurable steps, or
the maximum and minimum measurable values.
dynamic range (per Mandatory Appendix VI): the extent of
measurable optical density obtained in a single scan.
equivalent IQI sensitivity: that thickness of hole-type IQI,
expressed as a percentage of the part thickness, in which
2T hole would be visible under the same radiographic
conditions.
erasable optical medium: an erasable and rewritable stor-
age medium where the digital data is represented by the
degree of reflectivity of the medium recording layer; the
data can be altered.
essential hole: the specific hole that must be discernible in
the radiographic image of a hole-type IQI.
film density: the quantitative measure of diffuse optical
light transmission (optical density, blackening) through
a developed film.
where
D = optical density
I = light intensity transmitted
Io = light intensity incident on the film
focal spot: for X-ray generators, that area of the anode
(target) of an X-ray tube which emits X-rays when bom-
barded with electrons.
fog: a general term used to denote any increase in optical
density of a processed photographic emulsion caused by
anything other than direct action of the image forming ra-
diation and due to one or more of the following:
(a) aging: deterioration, before or after exposure, or
both, resulting from a recording medium that has been
stored for too long a period of time, or other improper
conditions.
(b) base: the minimum uniform density inherent in a
processed emulsion without prior exposure.
(c) chemical: resulting from unwanted reactions during
chemical processing.
(d) dichroic: characterized by the production of colloi-
dal silver within the developed sensitive layer.
(e) exposure: arising from any unwanted exposure of an
emulsion to ionizing radiation or light at any time be-
tween manufacture and final fixing.
(f) oxidation: caused by exposure to air during
developing.
(g) photographic: arising solely from the properties of
an emulsion and the processing conditions, for example,
the total effect of inherent fog and chemical fog.
(h) threshold: the minimum uniform density inherent in
a processed emulsion without prior exposure.
geometric unsharpness: the penumbral shadow in a radi-
ological image, which is dependent upon
(a) radiation source dimensions
(b) source-to-object distance
(c) object-to-detector distance
image: the digital representation of a target on the refer-
ence film used to evaluate both the digitization and dis-
play aspects of a film digitization system.
image processing: a method whereby digital image data is
transformed through a mathematical function.
image processing system: a system that uses mathematical
algorithms to manipulate digital image data.
image quality indicator: as follows:
hole type: a rectangular plaque, made of material radio-
graphically similar to that of the object being radio-
graphed, with small diameter holes (1T , 2T , and 4T )
used to check the image quality of the radiograph.
wire type: a set of small diameter wires, made of mate-
rial radiographically similar to that of the object being
radiographed, used to check the image quality of the
radiograph.
7
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image storage system: a system that can store digital im-
age data for future use.
intensifying screen: a material that converts a part of the
radiographic energy into light or electrons and that, when
in contact with a recording medium during exposure, im-
proves the quality of the radiograph, or reduces the expo-
sure time required to produce a radiograph, or both.
Three kinds of screens are in common use.
metal screen: a screen consisting of dense metal (usual-
ly lead) or of a dense metal compound (for example, lead
oxide) that emits primary electrons when exposed to
X-rays or gamma radiation.
fluorescent screen: a screen consisting of a coating of
phosphors which fluoresces when exposed to X-rays or
gamma radiation.
fluorescent-metallic screen: a screen consisting of a me-
tallic foil (usually lead) coated with a material that fluor-
esces when exposed to X-rays or gamma radiation. The
coated surface is placed next to the film to provide fluor-
escence; the metal functions as a normal metal screen.
IQI: image quality indicator.
IQI sensitivity: in radiography, the minimum discernible
image and the designated hole in the plaque-type, or
the designated wire image in the wire-type image quality
indicator.
line pair resolution: the number of line pairs per unit dis-
tance that are detectable in an image.
line pairs per millimeter: a measure of the spatial resolu-
tion of an image conversion device. A line pair test pattern
consisting of one or more pairs of equal width, high con-
trast lines, and spaces is utilized to determine the maxi-
mum dens i ty o f l ines and spaces tha t can be
successfully imaged. The value is expressed in line pairs
per millimeter.
line pair test pattern: a pattern of one or more pairs of ob-
jects with high contrast lines of equal width and equal
spacing. The pattern is used with an imaging device to
measure spatial resolution.
location marker: a number or letter made of lead (Pb) or
other highly radiation attenuative material that is placed
on an object to provide traceability between a specific
area on the image and the part.
log transform: a function that applies a logarithmic map-
ping to all density/grayscale values in an image; this op-
erat ion is often performed when the result ing
distribution is normal, or if the resulting relationship with
another variable is linear.
luminosity: a measure of emitted light intensity.
magnetic storage medium: a storage medium that uses
magnetic properties (magnetic dipoles) to store digital
data (for example, a moving drum, disk, or tape or a static
core or film).
modulation transfer function (MTF): a measure of spatial
resolution as a function of contrast; a plot of these vari-
ables (spatial resolution and contrast) yields a curve rep-
resenting the frequency response of the system.
national standard step tablet: an X-ray film with discrete
density steps produced and certified by a nationally re-
cognized standardizing body.
nonerasable optical media (optical disk): a storage media
that prevents the erasure or alteration of digital data after
it is stored.
optical density: the degree of opacity of a translucent me-
dium (darkening of film) expressed as follows:
where
I = light intensity transmitted through the film
IO = light intensity incident on the film
OD = optical density
optical density step wedge: a radiographic image of a me-
chanical step wedge with precise thickness increments
and may be used to correlate optical film density to the
thickness of material, also known as a step tablet.
penetrameter: no longer used in Article 2; see image qual-
ity indicator.
photostimulable luminescent phosphor: a phosphor cap-
able of storing a latent radiological image which upon la-
ser stimulation will generate luminescence proportional
to the radiation intensity.
pixel: the smallest addressable element in an electronic
image.
pixel intensity value: the numeric value of a pixel in a digi-
tal image.
pixel size: the length and width of a pixel.
quantification: the act of determining or expressing a
quantity (i.e., giving a numerical value to a measurement
of something).
radiograph: a visibleimage viewed for acceptance which
is created by penetrating radiation acting on a recording
medium; either film on a viewer or electronic images on a
monitor.
radiographic examination: a nondestructive method for
detecting discontinuities in materials and components
using penetrating radiation and recording media to pro-
duce an image.
8
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ð19Þrecording media: material capable of capturing or storing,
or both, a radiological image in digital or analog form.
reference film: a single industrial radiographic film that
encompasses the targets necessary for the evaluation
and quantification of the performance characteristics of
a film digitization system.
screen: alternative term for intensifying screen.
sensitivity: the smallest discernible detail and/or contrast
change (e.g., IQI hole or wire) in a radiographic image.
shim: a material, radiographically similar to the object
being radiographed, that is placed between a hole-type
IQI and the object in order to reduce the radiographic
density through the image of the hole-type IQI.
source: a machine or radioactive material that emits pene-
trating radiation.
source side: that surface of the area of interest being
radiographed for evaluation nearest the source of
radiation.
spatial linearity: the accuracy to which a digitization sys-
tem reproduces the physical dimensions of information
on the original film [in both the horizontal (along a single
scan line) and vertical (from one scan line to another)
directions].
spatial resolution: the size of the smallest detectable ele-
ment of the digitized image.
step wedge: a device with discrete step thickness incre-
ments used to obtain an image with discrete density step
values.
step wedge calibration film: a processed film with discrete
density steps that have been verified by comparison with
a national standard step tablet.
step wedge comparison film: a processed film with dis-
crete density steps that have been verified by use of a ca-
librated densitometer, which is used to determine if
production radiographs meet density limits.
system induced artifacts: anomalies that are created by a
system during the acquisition, display processing, or stor-
age of a digital image.
target: a physical pattern on a reference film used to eval-
uate the performance of a film digitization system.
underperforming pixels: underresponding pixels whose
gray values are less than 0.6 times the median gray value
of an area of a minimum of 21 × 21 pixels. This test is
done on an offset corrected image.
WORM (write once read many): a term relating to a type of
digital storage media where the data can be stored only
once but accessed (nondestructively) many times.
I-121.2 UT — Ultrasonics.
acoustic pulse: the duration of time between the start and
end of the signal when the amplitude reaches 10% of the
maximum amplitude.
adaptive total focusing method (ATFM): an iterative pro-
cess of the total focusing method (TFM) applied typically
to layered media to identify the geometry of the refracting
or reflecting interface, or both, that allows the processing
of the TFM through such interfaces without the prior
knowledge or assumption of the geometry.
alternative reflector: a reflector, other than the specified
reflector, whose ultrasonic response has been adjusted
to be equal to or greater than the response from the spe-
cified reflector at the same sound path in the basic cali-
bration block.
amplitude: the vertical pulse height of a signal, usually
base to peak, when indicated by an A-scan presentation.
angle beam: a term used to describe an angle of incidence
or refraction other than normal to the surface of the test
object, as in angle beam examination, angle beam search
unit, angle beam longitudinal waves, and angle beam
shear waves.
A-scan: a method of data presentation utilizing a horizon-
tal base line that indicates distance, or time, and a vertical
deflection from the base line which indicates amplitude.
attenuation: a factor that describes the decrease in ultra-
sound intensity with distance; normally expressed in dec-
ibel per unit length.
attenuator: a device for altering the amplitude of an ultra-
sonic indication in known increments, usually decibels.
automated ultrasonic examinations (AUT): a technique of
ultrasonic examination performed with equipment and
search units that are mechanically mounted and guided,
remotely operated, and motor-controlled (driven) with-
out adjustments by the technician. The equipment used
to perform the examinations is capable of recording the
ultrasonic response data, including the scanning posi-
tions, by means of integral encoding devices such that
imaging of the acquired data can be performed.
axial direction: direction of sound beam parallel to com-
ponent’s major axis.
back reflection: signal response from the far boundary of
the material under examination.
back-wall echo: a specular reflection from the back-wall of
the component being examined.
back-wall signal: sound wave that travels between the
two transducers with a longitudinal velocity that reflects
off the material’s back surface.
base line: the time of flight or distance trace (horizontal)
across the A-scan CRT display (for no signal condition).
9
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beam spread: a divergence of the ultrasonic beam as the
sound travels through a medium.
B-scan (parallel scan): scan that shows the data collected
when scanning the transducer pair in the direction of the
sound beam transversely across a weld.
B-scan presentation: a means of ultrasonic data presenta-
tion which displays a cross section of the specimen indi-
cating the approximate length (as detected per scan) of
reflectors and their relative positions.
calibration : correlation of the ultrasonic system
response(s) with calibration reflector(s).
calibration reflector: a reflector with a dimensioned sur-
face which is used to provide an accurately reproducible
reference level.
circumferential direction: direction of sound beam per-
pendicular to (cylindrical) component’s major axis.
classic full matrix capture (FMC): a subset of elementary
FMC in which the set of transmitting elements is identical
to the set of receiving elements.
clipping: see reject.
compound S-scan: set of focal laws using a fanlike series of
beam movements through a defined range of angles and
elements. The compound S‐scan combines the E‐scan
and S‐scan in a single acquisition group.
computerized imaging: computer processed display or
analysis and display of ultrasonic data to provide two or
three dimensional surfaces.
contact testing: a technique in which the search unit
makes contact directly with the test piece through a thin
layer of couplant.
couplant: a substance used between the search unit and
examination surface to permit or improve transmission
of ultrasonic energy.
CRT: cathode ray tube.
C-scan: an ultrasonic data presentation which provides a
plan view ofthe test object, and discontinuities therein.
damping, search unit: limiting the duration of a signal
from a search unit subject to a pulsed input by electrically
or mechanically decreasing the amplitude of successive
cycles.
decibel (dB): twenty times the base ten logarithm of the
ratio of two ultrasonic signal amplitudes, dB = 20 log 10
(amplitude ratio).
diffracted signals: diffracted waves from the upper and
lower tips of flaws resulting from the flaws’ interaction
with the incident sound wave.
diffraction: when a wave front direction has been changed
by an obstacle or other inhomogeneity in a medium, other
than by reflection or refraction.
display grid density: the spacing at which the total focus-
ing method (TFM) image is displayed.
distance–amplitude correction (DAC) curve : see
distance–amplitude response curve.
distance–amplitude response curve: a curve showing the
relationship between the different distances and the am-
plitudes of ultrasonic response from targets of equal size
in an ultrasonic transmitting medium.
D-scan: an ultrasonic data presentation which provides an
end view of the specimen indicating the approximate
width (as detected per scan) of reflectors and their rela-
tive positions.
D-scan (nonparallel scan): scan that shows the data col-
lected when scanning the transducer pair perpendicular
to the direction of the sound beam along a weld.
dual search unit: a search unit containing two elements,
one a transmitter, the other a receiver.
dynamic calibration: calibration that is conducted with
the search unit in motion, usually at the same speed
and direction of the actual test examination.
echo: indication of reflected energy.
effective height: the distance measured from the outside
edge of the first to last element used in the focal law.
electric simulator: an electronic device that enables corre-
lation of ultrasonic system response initially obtained em-
ploying the basic calibration block.
elementary full matrix capture: a subset of full matrix cap-
ture (FMC) in which each transmitting pattern consists of
only one active element and each receiving pattern con-
sists of one independent element.
encoded manual ultrasonic examinations (EMUT): a tech-
nique of ultrasonic examination performed by hand with
the addition of an encoder, and may or may not include a
guiding mechanism (i.e., a wheel or string encoder at-
tached to the search unit or wedge).
E-scan (also termed an electronic raster scan): a single fo-
cal law multiplexed, across a grouping of active elements,
for a constant angle beam stepped along the phased array
probe length in defined incremental steps.
examination coverage: two-directional search unit beam
coverage, both parallel and perpendicular to the weld
axis, of the volume specified by the referencing Code Sec-
tion. Perpendicularly oriented search unit beams are di-
rected from both sides of the weld, when possible, with
the angle(s) selected to be appropriate for the configura-
tion being examined.
10
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examination system: a system that includes the ultrasonic
instrument, search unit cable, and search unit.
focal law: a phased array operational file that defines the
search unit elements and their time delays, for both the
transmitter and receiver function.
fracture mechanics based: a standard for acceptance of a
weld based on the categorization of imperfections by type
(i.e., surface or subsurface) and their size (i.e., length and
through-wall height).
free-run (PA): recording a set of data without moving the
search units.
free run (TOFD): taking data, without the movement of the
probes (e.g., held stationary), of the lateral wave and
back-wall reflection to check system software output.
frequency (inspection): effective ultrasonic wave fre-
quency of the system used to inspect the material.
frequency (pulse repetition): the number of times per sec-
ond an electro-acoustic search unit is excited by the pulse
generator to produce a pulse of ultrasonic energy. This is
also called pulse repetition rate.
full matrix capture (FMC): a matrix where the recording
(the “capture”) of coherent A-scan time-domain signals
is carried out using a set of transmit and receive pattern
combinations within an aperture of an array, resulting in
each cell filled with an A-scan. For example, for an ele-
mentary FMC, the examiner would select n elements for
the transmit pattern and m elements for the receive pat-
tern, forming a synthetic aperture. The matrix would
therefore contain n × m A-scans, having in total n trans-
mitting elements and m receiving elements.
full matrix capture (FMC) frame: the acquired FMC data
structure (not a region) for a specific location within
the recorded scan; hence, a scan is made up of multiple
frames.
full matrix capture/total focusing method (FMC/TFM): an
industry term for an examination technique involving
the combination of classic FMC data acquisition and
TFM data reconstruction.
grid density: the number of datum points over a specified
distance in a specified direction, e.g., 25 points/mm. Grid
density may not necessarily be fixed, as the user may pre-
fer a higher density in a specified region.
holography (acoustic): an inspection system using the
phase interface between the ultrasonic wave from an ob-
ject and a reference signal to obtain an image of reflectors
in the material under test.
immersion testing: an ultrasonic examination method in
which the search unit and the test part are submerged
(at least locally) in a fluid, usually water.
indication: that which marks or denotes the presence of a
reflector.
initial pulse: the response of the ultrasonic system display
to the transmitter pulse (sometimes called main bang).
interface: the boundary between two materials.
lateral wave: a compression wave that travels by the most
direct route from the transmitting probe to the receiving
probe in a TOFD configuration.
linearity (amplitude): a measure of the proportionality of
the amplitude of the signal input to the receiver, and the
amplitude of the signal appearing on the display of the ul-
trasonic instrument or on an auxiliary display.
linearity (time or distance): a measure of the proportion-
ality of the signals appearing on the time or distance axis
of the display and the input signals to the receiver from a
calibrated time generator or from multiple echoes from a
plate of material of known thickness.
linear scanning (also termed line scanning): a single pass
scan of the search unit parallel to the weld axis at a fixed
stand-off distance.
longitudinal wave: those waves in which the particle mo-
tion of the material is essentially in the same direction as
the wave propagation.
loss of back reflection: an absence or significant reduction
in the amplitude of the indication from the back surface of
the part under examination.
manual ultrasonic examinations (MUT): a technique of ul-
trasonic examination performed with search units that
are manipulated by hand without the aid of any mechan-
ical guidance system.
matrix capture (MC): a data object constructed from the
recording of coherent A-scan time-domain signals, gener-
ally presented in a table-like pattern with two axes, where
one axis signifies the transmit pattern index and the other
signifies the receive pattern index. A single cell, multiple
cells, or all the cells may be populated with an A-scan.mode: the type of ultrasonic wave propagating in the ma-
terials as characterized by the particle motion (for exam-
ple, longitudinal, transverse, and so forth).
multiple back reflections: in ultrasonic straight beam ex-
amination, successive reflections from the back and front
surfaces of the material.
noise: any undesired signal (electrical or acoustic) that
tends to interfere with the reception, interpretation, or
processing of the desired signal.
nonparallel or longitudinal scan: a scan whereby the
probe pair motion is perpendicular to the ultrasonic beam
(e.g., parallel to the weld axis).
11
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parallel or transverse scan: a scan whereby the probe pair
motion is parallel to the ultrasonic beam (e.g., perpendi-
cular to the weld axis).
piezoelectric element: materials which when mechanically
deformed, produce electrical charges, and conversely,
when intermittently charged, will deform and produce
mechanical vibrations.
primary reference response (level): the ultrasonic re-
sponse from the basic calibration reflector at the specified
sound path distance, electronically adjusted to a specified
percentage of the full screen height.
probe center spacing (PCS): the distance between the
marked exit points of a pair of TOFD probes for a specific
application.
pulse: a short wave train of mechanical vibrations.
pulse-echo method: an inspection method in which the
presence and position of a reflector are indicated by the
echo amplitude and time.
pulse repetition rate: see frequency (pulse repetition).
range: the maximum sound path length that is displayed.
reference block: a block that is used both as a measure-
ment scale and as a means of providing an ultrasonic re-
flection of known characteristics.
reflector: an interface at which an ultrasonic beam en-
counters a change in acoustic impedance and at which
at least part of the energy is reflected.
refraction: the angular change in direction of the ultraso-
nic beam as it passes obliquely from one medium to an-
other, in which the waves have a different velocity.
reject (suppression): a control for minimizing or eliminat-
ing low amplitude signals (electrical or material noise) so
that larger signals are emphasized.
resolution: the ability of ultrasonic equipment to give si-
multaneous, separate indications from discontinuities
having nearly the same range and lateral position with re-
spect to the beam axis.
ringing time: the time that the mechanical vibrations of a
piezoelectric element continue after the electrical pulse
has stopped.
SAFT-UT: Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique for ul-
trasonic testing.
scanning: the movement of a search unit relative to the
test piece in order to examine a volume of the material.
scanning surface: see test surface.
scan plan: a documented examination strategy that pro-
vides a standardized and repeatable methodology for
weld examinations. The scan plan displays cross-sectional
joint geometry, extent of coverage, clad or overlay (if
present), heat-affected zone (HAZ) extent, search unit
size(s) and frequency(ies), beam plots of all angles used,
search unit(s) position in relation to the weld centerline
[probe center spacing (PCS) in the case of time of flight
diffraction (TOFD)], search unit mechanical fixturing de-
vice, and if applicable, zonal coverage overlap.
search unit: an electro-acoustic device used to transmit or
receive ultrasonic energy or both. The device generally
consists of a nameplate, connector, case, backing, piezo-
electric element, and wearface, lens, or wedge.
search unit mechanical fixturing device: the component of
an automated or semiautomated scanning apparatus at-
tached to the scanner frame that secures the search unit
or search unit array at the spacing and offset distance spe-
cified by the scan plan and that provides for consistent
contact (for contact techniques) or suitable water path
(for immersion techniques).
semiautomated ultrasonic examinations (SAUT): a tech-
nique of ultrasonic examination performed with equip-
ment and search units that are mechanically mounted
and guided, manually assisted (driven), and which may
be manually adjusted by the technician. The equipment
used to perform the examinations is capable of recording
the ultrasonic response data, including the scanning posi-
tions, by means of integral encoding devices such that
imaging of the acquired data can be performed.
sensitivity: a measure of the smallest ultrasonic signal
which will produce a discernible indication on the display
of an ultrasonic system.
shear wave: wave motion in which the particle motion is
perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
signal-to-noise ratio: the ratio of the amplitude of an ultra-
sonic indication to the amplitude of the maximum back-
ground noise.
simulation block: a reference block or other item in addi-
tion to the basic calibration block that enables correlation
of ultrasonic system response initially obtained when
using the basic calibration block.
single (fixed angle): a focal law applied to a specific set of
active elements for a constant angle beam, emulating a
conventional single element probe.
split DAC curves: creating two or more overlapping screen
DAC curves with different sensitivity reference level gain
settings.
S-scan (also called a Sector, Sectorial, or Azimuthal scan):
may refer to either the beam movement or the data
display.
(a) beam movement: set of focal laws that provides a
fan-like series of beams through a defined range of angles
using the same set of elements.
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(b) data display: two-dimensional view of all A-scans
from a specific set of elements corrected for delay and re-
fracted angle. Volume-corrected S-scan images typically
show a pie-shaped display with defects located at their
geometrically correct and measurable positions.
static calibration: calibration for examination wherein the
search unit is positioned on a calibration block so that the
pertinent reflectors can be identified and the instrumen-
tation adjusted accordingly.
straight beam: a vibrating pulse wave train traveling nor-
mal to the test surface.
sweep: the uniform and repeated movement of an elec-
tron beam across the CRT.
test surface: that surface of a part through which the ultra-
sonic energy enters or leaves the part.
through transmission technique: a test procedure in which
the ultrasonic vibrations are emitted by one search unit
and received by another at the opposite surface of the ma-
terial examined.
time-of-flight: the time it takes for a sound wave to travel
from the transmitting transducer to the flaw, and then to
the receiving transducer.
TOFD display: a cross-sectional grayscale view of the weld
formed by the stacking of the digitized incremental
A-scan data. The two types of scans (parallel and non-
parallel) are differentiated from each other by calling
one a B-scan and the other a D-scan. Currently there is
no standardized terminology for these scans and they
may be interchanged by various manufacturers (e.g.,
one calling the scan parallel to the weldaxis a B-scan
and another a D-scan).
total focusing method (TFM): a method of image recon-
struction in which the value of each constituent datum
of the image results from focused ultrasound. TFM may
also be understood as a broad term encompassing a fa-
mily of processing techniques for image reconstruction
from full matrix capture (FMC). It is possible that equip-
ment of different manufacture may legitimately generate
very different TFM images using the same collected data.
total focusing method (TFM) datum point: an individual
point calculated within the TFM grid (sometimes referred
to as nodes).
total focusing method (TFM) grid/image: a predetermined
region of processed data from the matrix capture frame.
The grid does not need to be cartesian.
total focusing method (TFM) settings: the information that
is required to process a full matrix capture (FMC) data set
to reconstruct a TFM image according to the given TFM
algorithm.
transducer: an electro-acoustical device for converting
electrical energy into acoustical energy and vice versa.
ultrasonic: pertaining to mechanical vibrations having a
frequency greater than approximately 20,000 Hz.
vee path: the angle-beam path in materials starting at the
search-unit examination surface, through the material to
the reflecting surface, continuing to the examination sur-
face in front of the search unit, and reflection back along
the same path to the search unit. The path is usually
shaped like the letter V.
video presentation: display of the rectified, and usually fil-
tered, r-f signal.
wedge: in ultrasonic angle-beam examination by the con-
tact method, a device used to direct ultrasonic energy into
the material at an angle.
workmanship based: a standard for acceptance of a weld
based on the characterization of imperfections by type
(i.e., crack, incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration,
or inclusion) and their size (i.e., length).
I-121.3 PT — Liquid Penetrants.
black light: electromagnetic radiation in the near-
ultraviolet range of wavelength (320 nm to 400 nm)
(3200 Å to 4000 Å) with peak intensity at 365 nm
(3650 Å).
black light intensity: a quantitative expression of ultravio-
let irradiance.
bleedout: the action of an entrapped liquid penetrant in
surfacing from discontinuities to form indications.
blotting: the action of the developer in soaking up the
penetrant from the discontinuity to accelerate bleedout.
clean: free of contaminants.
color contrast penetrant: a highly penetrating liquid incor-
porating a nonfluorescent dye which produces indica-
tions of such intensity that they are readily visible
during examination under white light.
contaminant: any foreign substance present on the test
surface or in the inspection materials which will ad-
versely affect the performance of liquid penetrant
materials.
contrast: the difference in visibility (brightness or colora-
tion) between an indication and the background.
developer: a material that is applied to the test surface to
accelerate bleedout and to enhance the contrast of
indications.
developer, aqueous: a suspension of developer particles in
water.
developer, dry powder: a fine free-flowing powder used as
supplied.
developer, nonaqueous: developer particles suspended in
a nonaqueous vehicle prior to application.
13
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developing time: the elapsed time between the application
of the developer and the examination of the part.
drying time: the time required for a cleaned, rinsed, or wet
developed part to dry.
dwell time: the total time that the penetrant or emulsifier
is in contact with the test surface, including the time re-
quired for application and the drain time.
emulsifier: a liquid that interacts with an oily substance to
make it water washable.
family: a complete series of penetrant materials required
for the performance of a liquid penetrant testing.
fluorescence: the emission of visible radiation by a sub-
stance as a result of, and only during, the absorption of
black light radiation.
over-emulsification: excessive emulsifier dwell time which
results in the removal of penetrants from some
discontinuities.
penetrant: a solution or suspension of dye.
penetrant comparator: an intentionally flawed specimen
having separate but adjacent areas for the application of
different liquid-penetrant materials so that a direct com-
parison of their relative effectiveness can be obtained.
NOTE: It can also be used to evaluate liquid-penetrant techniques,
liquid-penetrant systems, or test conditions.
penetrant, fluorescent: a penetrant that emits visible ra-
diation when excited by black light.
penetrant, water-washable: a liquid penetrant with a
built-in emulsifier.
post-cleaning: the removal of residual liquid penetrant
testing materials from the test part after the penetrant ex-
amination has been completed.
post emulsification: a penetrant removal technique em-
ploying a separate emulsifier.
post-emulsification penetrant: a type of penetrant contain-
ing no emulsifier, but which requires a separate emulsify-
ing step to facilitate water rinse removal of the surface
penetrant.
precleaning: the removal of surface contaminants from
the test part so that they will not interfere with the exam-
ination process.
rinse: the process of removing liquid penetrant testing
materials from the surface of a test part by means of
washing or flooding with another liquid, usually water.
The process is also termed wash.
solvent removable penetrant: a type of penetrant used
where the excess penetrant is removed from the surface
of the part by wiping using a nonaqueous liquid.
solvent remover: a volatile liquid used to remove excess
penetrant from the surface being examined.
I-121.4 MT — Magnetic Particle.
ampere turns: the product of the number of turns of a coil
and the current in amperes flowing through the coil.
black light: electromagnetic radiation in the near ultravio-
let range of wavelength (320 nm to 400 nm) (3200 Å to
4000 Å) with peak intensity at 365 nm (3650 Å).
black light intensity: a quantitative expression of ultravio-
let irradiance.
central conductor: a conductor passed through a hollow
part and used to produce circular magnetization within
the part.
circular magnetization: the magnetization in a part result-
ing from current passed directly through the part or
through a central conductor.
demagnetization: the reduction of residual magnetism to
an acceptable level.
direct current (DC): current that flows in only one
direction.
dry powder: finely divided ferromagnetic particles suita-
bly selected and prepared for magnetic particle
inspection.
full-wave direct current (FWDC): a rectified three-phase
alternating current.
full-wave rectified current: when the reverse half of the cy-
cle is turned around to flow in the same direction as the
forward half. The result is full-wave rectified current.
Three-phase alternating current when full-wave rectified
is unidirectional with very little pulsation; only a ripple of
varying voltage distinguishes it from straight DC
single-phase.
half-wave current (HW): a rectified single-phase alternat-
ing current that produces a pulsating unidirectional field.
half-wave rectified alternating current (HWAC): when a
single-phase alternating current is rectified in the sim-
plest manner, the reverse of the cycle is blocked out en-
tirely. Theresult is a pulsating unidirectional current
with intervals when no current at all is flowing. This is of-
ten referred to as “half-wave” or pulsating direct current.
longitudinal magnetization: a magnetic field wherein the
lines of force traverse the part in a direction essentially
parallel with its longitudinal axis.
magnetic field: the volume within and surrounding either
a magnetized part or a current-carrying conductor where-
in a magnetic force is exerted.
magnetic field strength: the measured intensity of a mag-
netic field at a point, expressed in oersteds or amperes
per meter.
14
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magnetic flux: the concept that the magnetic field is flow-
ing along the lines of force suggests that these lines are
therefore “flux” lines, and they are called magnetic flux.
The strength of the field is defined by the number of flux
lines crossing a unit area taken at right angles to the di-
rection of the lines.
magnetic particle examination: see magnetic particle
testing.
magnetic particle field indicator: an instrument, typically a
bi-metal (for example, carbon steel and copper) octagonal
disk, containing artificial flaws used to verify the ade-
quacy or direction, or both, of the magnetizing field.
magnetic particles: finely divided ferromagnetic material
capable of being individually magnetized and attracted
to distortion in a magnetic field.
magnetic particle testing: a nondestructive test method
utilizing magnetic leakage fields and suitable indicating
materials to disclose surface and near-surface discontinu-
ity indications.
multidirectional magnetization: the alternative applica-
tion of magnetic fields in different directions during the
same time frame.
permanent magnet: a magnet that retains a high degree of
magnetization virtually unchanged for a long period of
time (characteristic of materials with high retentivity).
prods: hand-held electrodes.
rectified current: by means of a device called a rectifier,
which permits current to flow in one direction only. This
differs from direct current in that the current value varies
from a steady level. This variation may be extreme, as in
the case of single-phase half-wave rectified AC (HWAC),
or slight, as in the case of three-phase rectified AC.
sensitivity: the degree of capability of a magnetic particle
examination technique for indicating surface or near-
surface discontinuities in ferromagnetic materials.
suspension: a two-phase system consisting of a finely di-
vided solid dispersed in a liquid.
yoke: a magnet that induces a magnetic field in the area of
a part that lies between its poles. Yokes may be perma-
nent magnets or either alternating-current or direct-
current electromagnets.
I-121.5 ET — Electromagnetic (Eddy Current).
absolute coil: a coil (or coils) that respond(s) to the total
detected electric or magnetic properties, or both, of a part
or section of the part without comparison to another sec-
tion of the part or to another part.
array coil topology: a description of the coil arrangement
and associated activation pattern within an eddy current
array probe.
bobbin coil: for inspection of tubing, a bobbin coil is de-
fined as a circular inside diameter coil wound such that
the coil is concentric with a tube during examination.
channel standardization: a data processing method used
to provide uniform coil sensitivity to all channels within
an eddy current array probe.
detector, n: one or more coils or elements used to sense or
measure magnetic field; also known as a receiver.
differential coils: two or more coils electrically connected
in series opposition such that any electric or magnetic
condition, or both, that is not common to the areas of a
specimen being electromagnetically examined will pro-
duce an unbalance in the system and thereby yield an
indication.
eddy current: an electrical current caused to flow in a con-
ductor by the time or space variation, or both, of an ap-
plied magnetic field.
eddy current array (ECA): a nondestructive examination
technique that provides the ability to electronically drive
multiple eddy current coils, which are placed side by side
in the same probe assembly.
eddy current channel: the phase-amplitude signal re-
sponse resulting from a single instrument input amplifier
and individual impedance or transmit–receive coil
arrangement.
eddy current testing: a nondestructive testing method in
which eddy current flow is induced in the material under
examination.
exciter: a device that generates a time-varying electro-
magnetic field, usually a coil energized with alternating
current (ac); also known as a transmitter.
ferromagnetic material: material that can be magnetized
or is strongly attracted by a magnetic field.
fill factor (FF):
(a) for encircling coils, the ratio of the test piece cross-
sectional area, outside diameter (O.D.), to the effective
cross-sectional core area of the primary encircling coil, in-
side diameter (I.D.), expressed as
(b) for I.D. probes or coils, the ratio of the cross-
sectional area of the test probe or coil (O.D.) to the effec-
tive cross-sectional core area (I.D.), of the test piece, ex-
pressed as
15
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ð19Þ
flaw characterization standard: a standard used in addi-
tion to the RFT system reference standard, with artificial
or service-induced flaws, used for flaw characterization.
frequency: the number of complete cycles per second of
the alternating current applied to the probe coil(s) in
eddy current examination.
nominal point: a point on the phase-amplitude diagram
representing data from nominal tube.
nominal tube: a tube or tube section meeting the tubing
manufacturer’s specifications, with relevant properties
typical of a tube being examined, used for reference in in-
terpretation and evaluation.
nonferromagnetic material: a material that is not magne-
tizable and hence essentially is not affected by magnetic
fields. This would include paramagnetic materials (mate-
rials that have a relative permeability slightly greater
than unity and that are practically independent of the
magnetizing force) and diamagnetic materials (materials
whose relative permeability is less than unity).
phase-amplitude diagram: a two-dimensional representa-
tion of detector output voltage, with angle representing
phase with respect to a reference signal, and radius rep-
resenting amplitude.
phase angle: the angular equivalent of the time displace-
ment between corresponding points on two sine waves
of the same frequency.
probe coil: a small coil or coil assembly that is placed on or
near the surface of examination objects.
remote field: as applied to nondestructive testing, the elec-
tromagnetic field which has been transmitted through the
test object and is observable beyond the direct coupling
field of the exciter.
remote field testing (RFT): a nondestructive test method
that measures changes in the remote field to detect and
characterizediscontinuities.
RFT system: the electronic instrumentation, probes, and
all associated components and cables required for per-
forming RFT.
RFT system reference standard: a reference standard with
specified artificial flaws, used to set up and standardize a
remote field system and to indicate flaw detection
sensitivity.
sample rate: the rate at which data is digitized for display
and recording, in data points per second.
strip chart: a diagram that plots coordinates extracted
from points on a phase-amplitude diagram versus time
or axial position.
text information: information stored on the recording
media to support recorded eddy current data. Examples
include tube and steam generator identification, opera-
tor’s name, date of examination, and results.
unit of data storage: each discrete physical recording me-
dium onwhich eddy current data and text information are
stored. Examples include tape cartridge, floppy disk, etc.
using parties: the supplier and purchaser.
zero point: a point on the phase-amplitude diagram repre-
senting zero detector output voltage.
I-121.6 VT — Visual Examination.
artificial flaw: an intentional imperfection placed on the
surface of a material to depict a representative flaw
condition.
auxiliary lighting: an artificial light source used as a visual
aid to improve viewing conditions and visual perception.
candling: see translucent visual examination.
direct visual examination: a visual examination technique
performed by eye and without any visual aids (excluding
light source, mirrors, and/or corrective lenses), e.g., mag-
nifying aids, borescopes, video probes, fiber optics, etc.
enhanced visual examination: a visual examination tech-
nique using visual aids to improve the viewing capability.
remote visual examination: a visual examination tech-
nique used with visual aids for conditions where the area
to be examined is inaccessible for direct visual
examination.
surface glare: reflections of artificial light that interfere
with visual examination.
translucent laminate: a series of glass reinforced layers,
bonded together, and having capabilities of transmitting
light.
translucent visual examination: a technique using artificial
lighting intensity to permit viewing of translucent lami-
nate thickness variations (also called candling).
visual examination: a nondestructive examination method
used to evaluate an item by observation, such as the cor-
rect assembly, surface conditions, or cleanliness of mate-
rials, parts, and components used in the fabrication and
construction of ASME Code vessels and hardware.
I-121.7 LT — Leak Testing.
absolute pressure: pressure above the absolute zero corre-
sponding to empty space, that is, local atmospheric pres-
sure plus gauge pressure.
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background reading (background signal): in leak testing,
the steady or fluctuating output signal of the leak detector
caused by the presence of residual tracer gas or other
substance to which the detecting element responds.
calibration leak standard (standard leak): a device that
permits a tracer gas to be introduced into a leak detector
or leak testing system at a known rate to facilitate calibra-
tion of the leak detector.
detector probe (sampling probe): in leak testing, a device
used to collect tracer gas from an area of the test object
and feed it to the leak detector at the reduced pressure re-
quired. Also called a sniffing probe.
dew point temperature: that temperature at which the gas
in a system would be capable of holding no more water
vapor and condensation in the form of dew would occur.
differential pressure: is attained on a system and the time
when the test technique is performed to detect leakage or
measure leakage rate.
dry bulb temperature: the ambient temperature of the gas
in a system.
foreline: a vacuum line between pumps of a multistage
vacuum pumping system. A typical example is the vacuum
line connecting the discharge port of a high vacuum
pump, such as a turbomolecular pump, and the inlet of
a rough vacuum pump.
halogen: any element of the family of the elements fluor-
ine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. Compounds do not fall
under the strict definition of halogen. However, for the
purpose of Section V, this word provides a convenient de-
scriptive term for halogen-containing compounds. Of sig-
nificance in halogen leak detection are those which have
enough vapor pressure to be useful as tracer gases.
halogen diode detector (halogen leak detector): a leak de-
tector that responds to halogen tracer gases. Also called
halogen-sensitive leak detector or halide leak detector.
(a) The copper-flame detector or halide torch consists
of a Bunsen burner with flame impinging on a copper
plate or screen, and a hose with sampling probe to carry
tracer gas to the air intake of the burner.
(b) The alkali-ion diode halogen detector depends on
the variation of positive ion emission from a heated plati-
num anode when halogen molecules enter the sensing
element.
helium mass spectrometer (mass spectrometer): an instru-
ment that is capable of separating ionized molecules of
different mass to charge ratio and measuring the respec-
tive ion currents. The mass spectrometer may be used as
a vacuum gauge that relates an output which is propor-
tioned to the partial pressure of a specified gas, as a leak
detector sensitive to a particular tracer gas, or as an ana-
lytical instrument to determine the percentage
composition of a gas mixture. Various types are distin-
guished by the method of separating the ions. The princi-
pal types are as follows:
(a) Dempster (M.S.): The ions are first accelerated by an
electric field through a slit, and are then deflected by a
magnetic field through 180 deg so as to pass through a
second slit.
(b) Bainbridge-Jordan (M.S.): The ions are separated by
means of a radial electrostatic field and a magnetic field
deflecting the ions through 60 deg so arranged that the
dispersion of ions in the electric field is exactly compen-
sated by the dispersion in the magnetic field for a given
velocity difference.
(c) Bleakney (M.S.): The ions are separated by crossed
electric and magnetic fields. Also called cross fields (M.S.).
(d) Nier (M.S.): A modification of the Dempster (M.S.) in
which the magnetic field deflects the ions.
(e) Time of Flight (M.S.):The gas is ionized by a pulse-
modulated electron beam and each group of ions is accel-
erated toward the ion collector. Ions of different mass to
charge ratios traverse their paths in different times.
(f) Radio-Frequency (M.S.): The ions are accelerated
into a radio-frequency analyzer in which ions of a selected
mass to charge are accelerated through openings in a ser-
ies of spaced plates alternately attached across a radio-
frequency oscillator. The ions emerge into an electrostatic
field which permits only the ions accelerated in the analy-
zer to reach the collector.
(g) Omegatron (M.S.): The ions are accelerated by the
cyclotron principle.
HMSLD: an acronym for helium mass spectrometer leak
detector.
hood technique (hood test): an overall test in which an ob-
ject under vacuum test is enclosed by a hood which is
filled with tracer gas so as to subject all parts of the test
object to examination at one time. A form of dynamic leak
test in which the entire enclosure or a large portion of its
external surface is exposed to the tracer gas while the in-
terior is connected to a leak detector with the objective of
determining the existence of leakage.
immersion bath:a low surface tension liquid into which a
gas containing enclosure is submerged to detect leakage
which forms at the site or sites of a leak or leaks.
immersion solution: see immersion bath.
inert gas: a gas that resists combining with other sub-
stances. Examples are helium, neon, and argon.
instrument calibration: introduction of a known size stan-
dard leak into an isolated leak detector for the purpose of
determining the smallest size leakage rate of a particular
gas at a specific pressure and temperature that the leak
detector is capable of indicating for a particular division
on the leak indicator scale.
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leak: a hole, or void in the wall of an enclosure, capable of
passing liquid or gas from one side of the wall to the other
under action of pressure or concentration differential ex-
isting across the wall, independent of the quantity of fluid
flowing.
leakage: the fluid, either liquid or gas, flowing through a
leak and expressed in units of mass flow; i.e., pressure
and volume per time.
leakage rate: the flow rate of a liquid or gas through a leak
at a given temperature as a result of a specified pressure
difference across the leak. Standard conditions for gases
are 25°C and 100 kPa. Leakage rates are expressed in var-
ious units such as pascal cubic meters per second or pas-
cal liters per second.
leak standard (standard leak): a device that permits a tra-
cer gas to be introduced into a leak detector or leak test-
ing system at a known rate to facilitate calibration of the
leak detector.
leak testing: comprises procedures for detecting or locat-
ing or measuring leakage, or combinations thereof.
mass spectrometer leak detector: a mass spectrometer ad-
justed to respond only to the tracer gas.
mode lock: a feature of a multiple mode mass spectro-
meter leak detector that can be used to limit automatic
mode changes of the instrument.
multiple mode: with respect to those mass spectrometer
leak detectors that, through a change in internal valve
alignment, can operate in differing test modes. For exam-
ple, one test mode may expose the test port and test sam-
ple to the foreline port of a turbomolecular pump, and
thence to the spectrometer tube. In a more sensitive test
mode, the test port and test sample may be exposed to a
midstage port of the turbomolecular pump, and thence by
a shorter path to the spectrometer tube.
quartz Bourdon tube gage: this high accuracy gage is a ser-
vo nulling differential pressure measuring electronic in-
strument. The pressure transducing element is a
one-piece fused quartz Bourdon element.
regular pressure (gage pressure): difference between the
absolute pressure and atmospheric pressure.
sensitivity: the size of the smallest leakage rate that can be
unambiguously detected by the leak testing instrument,
method, or technique being used.
soak time: the elapsed time between when the desired dif-
ferential pressure is attained on a system and the time
when the test technique is performed to detect leakage
or measure leakage rate.
standard dead weight tester: a device for hydraulically bal-
ancing the pressure on a known high accuracy weight
against the reading on a pressure gage for the purpose
of calibrating the gage.
system calibration: introduction of a known size standard
leak into a test system with a leak detector for the pur-
pose of determining the smallest size leakage rate of a
particular gas at a specific pressure and temperature that
the leak detector as part of the test system is capable of
indicating for a particular division on the leak indicator
scale.
test mode: with respect to the internal arrangement of the
flow path through a mass spectrometer leak detector
from the test port to the mass spectrometer tube.
thermal conductivity detector: a leak detector that re-
sponds to differences in the thermal conductivity of a
sampled gas and the gas used to zero it (i.e., background
atmosphere).
tracer gas: a gas which, passing through a leak, can then
be detected by a specific leak detector and thus disclose
the presence of a leak. Also called search gas.
vacuum box: a device used to obtain a pressure differen-
tial across a weld that cannot be directly pressurized. It
contains a large viewing window, special easy seating
and sealing gasket, gage, and a valved connection for an
air ejector, vacuum pump, or intake manifold.
water vapor: gaseous form of water in a system calibrat-
ing the gage.
I-121.8 AE — Acoustic Emission.
acoustic emission (AE): the class of phenomena whereby
transient stress/displacement waves are generated by
the rapid release of energy from localized sources within
a material, or the transient waves so generated.
NOTE: Acoustic emission is the recommended term for general use.
Other terms that have been used in AE literature include
(a) stress wave emission
(b)microseismic activity
(c) emission or acoustic emission with other qualifying modifiers
acoustic emission channel: see channel, acoustic emission.
acoustic emission count (emission count), N : see count,
acoustic emission.
acoustic emission count rate: see count rate, acoustic emis-
sion (emission rate or count rate), N .
acoustic emission event: see event, acoustic emission.
acoustic emission event energy: see energy, acoustic event.
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acoustic emission mechanism or acoustic emission source
mechanism: a dynamic process or combination of pro-
cesses occurring within a material, generating acoustic
emission events. AE source mechanisms can be subdi-
vided into several categories: material and mechanical,
macroscopic and microscopic, primary and secondary.
NOTE: Examples of macroscopic material AE source mechanisms in
metals are incremental crack advancements, plastic deformation de-
velopment and fracture of inclusions. Friction and impacts are exam-
ples of mechanical AE. A crack advancement can be considered a
primary AE mechanism while a resulting crack surface friction can
be considered as a secondary AE mechanism.
acoustic emission sensor: see sensor, acoustic emission.
acoustic emission signal amplitude: see signal amplitude,
acoustic emission.
acoustic emission signal (emission signal): see signal,
acoustic emission.
acoustic emission signature (signature): see signature,
acoustic emission.
acoustic emission transducer: see sensor, acoustic emission.
acoustic emission waveguide: see waveguide, acoustic
emission.
acousto-ultrasonics (AU): a nondestructive examination
method that uses induced stress waves to detect and as-
sess diffuse defect states, damage conditions, and varia-
tions of mechanical properties of a test structure. The
AU method combines aspects of acoustic emission (AE)
signal analysis with ultrasonic materials characterization
techniques.
adaptive location: source location by iterative use of sim-
ulated sources in combination with computed location.
AE activity, n : the presence of acoustic emission during a
test.
AE amplitude: see dBAE.
AE monitor: all of the electronic instrumentation and
equipment (except sensors and cables) used to detect,analyze, display, and record AE signals.
AE rms, n : the rectified, time averaged AE signal, mea-
sured on a linear scale and reported in volts.
AE signal duration: the time between AE signal start and
AE signal end.
AE signal end: the recognized termination of an AE signal,
usually defined as the last crossing of the threshold by
that signal.
AE signal generator: a device which can repeatedly induce
a specified transient signal into an AE instrument.
AE signal rise time: the time between AE signal start and
the peak amplitude of that AE signal.
AE signal start: the beginning of an AE signal as recog-
nized by the system processor, usually defined by an am-
plitude excursion exceeding threshold.
array, n : a group of two or more AE sensors positioned on
a structure for the purposes of detecting and locating
sources. The sources would normally be within the array.
arrival time interval (Δt i j ): see interval, arrival time.
attenuation, n : the gradual loss of acoustic emission wave
energy as a function of distance through absorption, scat-
tering, diffraction, and geometric spreading.
NOTE: Attenuation can be measured as the decrease in AE amplitude
or other AE signal parameter per unit distance.
average signal level: the rectified, time averaged AE loga-
rithmic signal, measured on the AE amplitude logarithmic
scale and reported in dBAE units (where 0 dBAE refers to
1 μV at the preamplifier input).
burst emission: see emission, burst.
channel, acoustic emission: an assembly of a sensor, pre-
amplifier or impedance matching transformer, filters sec-
ondary amplifier or other instrumentation as needed,
connecting cables, and detector or processor.
NOTE: A channel for examining fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP)
may utilize more than one sensor with associated electronics. Chan-
nels may be processed independently or in predetermined groups
having similar sensitivity and frequency characteristics.
continuous emission: see emission, continuous.
continuous monitoring: the process of monitoring a pres-
sure boundary continuously to detect acoustic emission
during plant startup, operation, and shutdown.
count, acoustic emission (emission count), N : the number
of times the acoustic emission signal exceeds a preset
threshold during any selected portion of a test.
count, event, Ne : the number obtained by counting each
discerned acoustic emission event once.
count rate, acoustic emission (emission rate or count rate),
N : the time rate at which emission counts occur.
count, ring-down: see count, acoustic emission, the pre-
ferred term.
couplant: a material used at the structure-to-sensor inter-
face to improve the transmission of acoustic energy
across the interface during acoustic emission monitoring.
cumulative (acoustic emission) amplitude distribution, F
(V): see distribution, amplitude, cumulative.
cumulative (acoustic emission) threshold crossing distribu-
tion, F t (V ) : see distribution, threshold crossing,
cumulative.
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dBAE: the peak voltage amplitude of the acoustic emission
signal waveform expressed by the equation
where VRe f is 1 μV out of the AE sensor crystal.
dBAE (per Article 11): a logarithmic measure of acoustic
emission signal amplitude, referenced to 1 μV at the sen-
sor, before amplification.
where
A0 = 1 μV at the sensor (before amplification)
A1 = peak voltage of the measured acoustic emission sig-
nal (also before amplification)
Acoustic Emission Reference Scale
dBAE Value Voltage at Sensor
0 1 μV
20 10 μV
40 100 μV
60 1 mV
80 10 mV
100 100 mV
NOTE: In the case of sensors with integral preamplifiers, the A0 re-
ference is before internal amplification.
dB scale: a relative logarithmic scale of signal amplitude
defined by dBV = 20 log V i n/Vou t . The reference voltage
is defined as 1 V out of the sensor and V is measured am-
plitude in volts.
dead time: any interval during data acquisition when the
instrument or system is unable to accept new data for any
reason.
differential (acoustic emission) amplitude distribution, F
(V): see distribution, differential (acoustic emission) ampli-
tude, f(V).
differential (acoustic emission) threshold crossing distribu-
tion, f t (V): see distribution, differential (acoustic emission)
threshold crossing.
distribution, amplitude, cumulative (acoustic emission), F
(V): the number of acoustic emission events with signals
that exceed an arbitrary amplitude as a function of ampli-
tude, V .
distribution, differential (acoustic emission) amplitude,
f(V): the number of acoustic emission events with signal
amplitudes between amplitudes of V and V + ΔV as a
function of the amplitude V . f (V ) is the absolute value
of the derivative of the cumulative amplitude distribution,
F(V).
distribution, differential (acoustic emission) threshold
crossing, f t (V): the number of times the acoustic emission
signal waveform has a peak between thresholds V and V +
ΔV as a function of the threshold V . f t(V) is the absolute
value of the derivative of the cumulative threshold cross-
ing distribution, Ft(V).
distribution, logarithmic (acoustic emission) amplitude,
g(V): the number of acoustic emission events with signal
amplitudes between V and αV (where α is a constant
multiplier) as a function of the amplitude. This is a variant
of the differential amplitude distribution, appropriate for
logarithmically windowed data.
distribution, threshold crossing, cumulative (acoustic emis-
sion), F t (V): the number of times the acoustic emission
signal exceeds an arbitrary threshold as a function of
the threshold voltage (V).
dynamic range: the difference, in decibels, between the
overload level and the minimum signal level (usually
fixed by one or more of the noise levels, low-level distor-
tion, interference, or resolution level) in a system or
sensor.
effective velocity, n : velocity calculated on the basis of ar-
rival times and propagation distances determined by arti-
ficial AE generation; used for computed location.
electronic waveform generator: a device which can repeat-
edly induce a transient signal into an acoustic emission
processor for the purpose of checking, verifying, and cali-
brating the instrument.
emission, burst: a qualitative description of an individual
emission event resulting in a discrete signal.
emission, continuous: a qualitative description of emission
producing a sustained signal as a result of time overlap-
ping and/or successive emission events from one or sev-
eral sources.
energy, acoustic emission event: the total elastic energy re-
leased by an emission event.
energy, acoustic emission signal: the energy contained in
an acoustic emission signal, which is evaluated as the in-
tegral of the volt-squared function over time.
evaluation threshold: a threshold value used for analysis
of the examination data. Data may be recorded with a sys-
tem examination threshold lower than the evaluation
threshold. For analysis purposes, dependence of mea-
sured data on the system examination threshold must
be taken into consideration.
event, acoustic emission (emission event): an occurrence of
a local material change or mechanical action resulting in
acoustic emission.
event count (Ne): see count, event.
event count rate (Ne): see rate, event count.
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examination area (examination region): that portion of a
structure, or test article, being examined using acoustic
emission technology.
felicity effect: the presence of detectable acoustic emission
at a fixed predetermined sensitivity level at stress levels
below those previously applied.
felicity ratio: the ratio of the load at which acoustic emis-
sion is detected, to the previously applied maximum load.
NOTE: The fixed sensitivity level will usually be the same as was
used for the previous loading or examination.
first hit location: a zone location method defined by which
a channel among a group of channels first detects the
signal.
floating threshold: any threshold with amplitude estab-
lished by a time average measure of the input signal.
hit: the detection and measurement of an AE signal on a
channel.
i n s t r um e n t a t i o n d e a d t im e : s e e d e a d t im e ,
instrumentation.
interval, arrival time (Δt i j ): the time interval between the
detected arrivals of an acoustic emission wave at the i -th
and j-th sensors of a sensor array.
Kaiser effect: the absence of detectable acoustic emission
at a fixed sensitivity level, until previously applied stress
levels are exceeded.
NOTE: Whether or not the effect is observed is material specific. The
effect usually is not observed in materials containing developing
flaws.
limited zone monitoring: the process of monitoring only a
specifically defined portion of the pressure boundary by
using either the sensor array configuration, controllable
instrumentation parameters, or both to limit the area
being monitored.
location accuracy, n : a value determined by comparison of
the actual position of an AE source (or simulated AE
source) to the computed location.
location, cluster, n : a location technique based upon a spe-
cified amount of AE activity located within a specified
length or area, for example: 5 events within 12 linear
inches or 12 square inches.
location, computed, n : a source location method based on
algorithmic analysis of the difference in arrival times
among sensors.
NOTE: Several approaches to computed location are used, including
linear location, planar location, three dimensional location, and
adaptive location.
linear location, n : one dimensional source location re-
quiring two or more channels.
planar location, n : two dimensional source location re-
quiring three or more channels.
3D location, n : three dimensional source location re-
quiring five or more channels.
adaptive location, n : source location by iterative use of
simulated sources in combination with computed
location.
location, continuous AE signal, n : a method of location
based on continuous AE signals, as opposed to hit or dif-
ference in arrival time location methods.
NOTE: This type of location is commonly used in leak location due to
the presence of continuous emission. Some common types of contin-
uous signal location methods include signal attenuation and correla-
tion analysis methods.
signal attenuation-based source location, n : a source lo-
cation method that relies on the attenuation versus dis-
tance phenomenon of AE signals. By monitoring the AE
signal magnitudes of the continuous signal at various
points along the object, the source can be determined
based on the highest magnitude or by interpolation or ex-
trapolation of multiple readings.
correlation-based source location, n : a source location
method that compares the changing AE signal levels
(usually waveform based amplitude analysis) at two or
more points surrounding the source and determines the
time displacement of these signals. The time displace-
ment data can be used with conventional hit based loca-
tion techniques to arrive at a solution for the source site.
location, source, n : any of several methods of evaluating
AE data to determine the position on the structure from
which the AE originated. Several approaches to source lo-
cation are used, including zone location, computed loca-
tion, and continuous location.
location, zone, n : any of several techniques for determin-
ing the general region of an acoustic emission source (for
example, total AE counts, energy, hits, and so forth).
NOTE: Several approaches to zone location are used, including inde-
pendent channel zone location, first hit zone location, and arrival se-
quence zone location.
independent channel zone location, n : a zone location
technique that compares the gross amount of activity
from each channel.
first-hit zone location, n : a zone location technique that
compares only activity from the channel first detecting
the AE event.
arrival sequence zone location, n : a zone location tech-
nique that compares the order of arrival among sensors.
logarithmic (acoustic emission) amplitude distribution g
(V): see distribution, logarithmic (acoustic emission)
amplitude.
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measured area of the rectified signal envelope: a measure-
ment of the area under the envelope of the rectified linear
voltage time signal from the sensor.
multichannel source location: a source location technique
which relies on stress waves from a single source produ-
cing hits at more than one sensor. Position of the source is
determined by mathematical algorithms using difference
in time of arrival.
overload recovery time: an interval of nonlinear operation
of an instrument caused by a signal with amplitude in ex-
cess of the instrument’s linear operating range.
penetrations: in nuclear applications, the term penetra-
tions refers to step-plugs containing electronic instru-
mentation cable sections installed through shielding or
containment walls to permit passing instrumentation
power and information signals through these protective
walls without compromising the protective integrity of
the wall.
performance check, AE system: see verification, AE system.
plant/plant system: the complete pressure boundary sys-
tem including appurtenances, accessories, and controls
that constitute an operational entity.
plant operation: normal operation including plant warm-
up, startup, shutdown, and any pressure or other stimuli
induced to test the pressure boundary for purposes other
than the stimulation of AE sources.
processing capacity: the number of hits that can be pro-
cessed at the processing speed before the system must in-
terrupt data collection to clear buffers or otherwise
prepare for accepting additional data.
processing speed: the sustained rate (hits/sec), as a func-
tion of the parameter set and number of active channels,
at which AE signals can be continuously processed by a
system without interruption for data transport.
rate, event count (Ne): the time rate of the event count.
rearm delay time: see time, rearm delay.
ring-down count: see count, acoustic emission, the pre-
ferred term.
RMS voltage: the root mean square voltage or the recti-
fied, time averaged AE signal, measured on a linear scale
and reported in volts.
sensor, acoustic emission: a detection device, generally
piezoelectric, that transforms the particle motion pro-
duced by an elastic wave into an electrical signal.
sensor array: multiple AE sensors arranged in a geometri-
cal configuration that is designed to provide AE source
detection/location for a given plant component or pres-
sureboundary area to be monitored.
signal, acoustic emission (emission signal): an electrical
signal obtained by detection of one or more acoustic
emission events.
signal amplitude, acoustic emission: the peak voltage of the
largest excursion attained by the signal waveform from
an emission event.
signal overload level: that level above which operation
ceases to be satisfactory as a result of signal distortion,
overheating, or damage.
signal overload point: the maximum input signal ampli-
tude at which the ratio of output to input is observed to
remain within a prescribed linear operating range.
signal strength: the measured area of the rectified AE sig-
nal with units proportional to volt-sec.
NOTE: The proportionality constant is specified by the AE instru-
ment manufacturer.
signature, acoustic emission (signature): a characteristic
set of reproducible attributes of acoustic emission signals
associated with a specific test article as observed with a
particular instrumentation system under specified test
conditions.
simulated AE source: a device which can repeatedly in-
duce a transient elastic stress wave into the structure.
stimulation: the application of a stimulus such as force,
pressure, heat, and so forth, to a test article to cause acti-
vation of acoustic emission sources.
system examination threshold: the electronic instrument
threshold (see evaluation threshold) which data will be
detected.
threshold of detectability: a peak amplitude measurement
used for cross calibration of instrumentation from differ-
ent vendors.
transducers, acoustic emission: see sensor, acoustic
emission.
verification, AE system (performance check, AE system): the
process of testing an AE system to assure conformance to
a specified level of performance or measurement accu-
racy. (This is usually carried out prior to, during, and/or
after an AE examination with the AE system connected
to the examination object, using a simulated or artificial
acoustic emission source.)
voltage threshold: a voltage level on an electronic com-
parator such that signals with amplitudes larger than this
level will be recognized. The voltage threshold may be
user adjustable, fixed, or automatic floating.
waveguide, acoustic emission: a device that couples elastic
energy from a structure or other test object to a remotely
mounted sensor during AE monitoring. An example of an
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acoustic emission waveguide would be a solid wire of rod
that is coupled at one end to a monitored structure, and to
a sensor at the other end.
zone: the area surrounding a sensor from which AE
sources can be detected.
zone location: a method of locating the approximate
source of emission.
I-121.9 Examination System Qualification.
blind demonstration: a performance demonstration,
where the examiner is presented with both flawed and
unflawed specimens which are visually indistinguishable,
with the objective of proving the capability of an examina-
tion system to correctly detect and size flaw locations.
detection: when a specimen or grading unit is correctly in-
terpreted as being flawed.
essential variables: a change in the examination system,
which will affect the system’s ability to perform in a sat-
isfactory manner.
examination system: the personnel, procedures, and
equipment collectively applied by a given examination
technique to evaluate the flaw characteristics of an object
of interest.
false call: when a specimen or grading unit is incorrectly
interpreted as being flawed or unflawed.
false call probability (FCP): the percentage resulting from
dividing the number of false calls by the number of speci-
mens or grading units examined.
grading unit: a prepared specimen, or designated interval
(e.g., length) within a specimen, having known flaw char-
acteristics, which is used to evaluate the performance of
an examination system through demonstration.
level of rigor: the level of confidence to which a given ex-
amination system must be demonstrated, based upon fac-
tors such as user needs, damage mechanism, and level of
risk. There are three levels of rigor: low, intermediate,
and high (see T-1424).
non-blind demonstration: a performance demonstration
where the examiner is presented with test pieces contain-
ing clearly identifiable flaw locations of known sizes, with
the objective of proving the capability of an examination
system to correctly detect and size flaw locations.
nonessential variables: a change in the examination sys-
tem, which will not affect the system’s ability to perform
in a satisfactory manner.
performance demonstration: a demonstration of the cap-
abilities of an examination system to accurately evaluate
a specimen with known flaw characteristics in an envi-
ronment simulating field conditions.
probability of detection (POD): the percentage resulting
from dividing the number of detections by the number
of flawed specimens or grading units examined. POD indi-
cates the probability that an examination system will de-
tect a given flaw.
qualification: successful documentation of an examination
system’s ability to demonstrate established qualification
objectives at the required level of rigor, in compliance
with the requirements of Article 14.
I-121.10 APR — Acoustic Pulse Reflectometry.
functional test: the functional test of an APR system is the
act of examining the reference tubes and creating a re-
port, then verifying that the results are within the toler-
ance specified by the standard.
noise level: the amplitude of nonrelevant signals at each
point along the tube, measured on a random group of
more than 30 tubes. It is used to determine the threshold
of detectability at each point along the tubes.
signal-to-noise ratio: the ratio between the amplitude of
the transmitted pulse and the maximum nonrelevant indi-
cation amplitude (remaining) after reflections of the initi-
al pulse have decreased below detection.
reference tubes/reference specimens: a set of tubes with a
variety of known, manufactured flaws at known locations
and sizes. By inspecting these tubes and evaluating the re-
sults, it is possible to verify that the APR equipment is
working properly.
I-121.11 GWT — Guided Wave Examination.
absolute calibration: setting of the gain in the system from
a flange or pipe open in the test range to be a 100% reflec-
tor. In most field applications there are no flanges or pipe
open ends in the test range; therefore, a calibration of the
system is obtained using multiple reflections from welds
in the test range that are assumed to be approximately
20% reflectors to calculate the DAC and TCG amplitudes.
anomaly: an unexamined indication in the examination
result that could be from the pipe material, coatings, soil,
or examination conditions. See also imperfection and
defect.
basic piping: straight piping (including up to one elbow)
filled with nonattenuative fluid that may be painted or
protected with a nonattenuative coating (e.g., fusion
bonded epoxy or a non-bonded insulation such as mineral
wool) and constructed of a single pipe size and schedules,
fully accessible at the test location, jointed by girth welds,
and supported by simple contact supports.
bend: a physical configuration that changes pipeline direc-
tion. A bend can be classified according to the centerline
radius of the bend as a ratio to the nominal pipe diameter.
23
ASME BPVC.V-2019 ARTICLE 1
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