Eysenck - Capítulo 2

Prévia do material em texto

Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
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n HsCí5Ys Hf Vw
w Vw hsHm pmfcY2fp Y5úCmpfT RfpmQfT m pmTscAmp hpsxcmCfT EsChcmSsT CUYRs CfYT pfhYHfCm5Rm m EsC
CfYT hpmEYTãs Hs 8Um sT FUCf5sT. rsp mSmChcs, f Y5Am5çãs Hm EfcEUcfHspfT hspRáRmYT xfpfRfT
hmpCYRYU 8Um fT hmTTsfT pmTscAmTTmC hpsxcmCfT CfRmCáRYEsT EsChcYEfHsT EsC CUYRs CfYT
fJYcYHfHm Hs 8Um mpf hsTTíAmc f5RmT. jC RpYU5Qs fY5Hf CfYT YChpmTTYs5f5Rm HfT Cá8UY5fT Tsxpm sT
FUCf5sT m5AscAm s EUxs Hm BUxY6, RfCxéC Es5FmEYHs EsCs EUxs CáJYEs, 8Um RmC Ni 8UY5RYcFõmT
Hm EsCxY5fçõmT hsTTíAmYT (Ni.o0o.ddi.o9N.e0G.ddd). zUTFm5J MU xfRmU UC 5sAs pmEspHm CU5HYfc
hfpf FUCf5sT 5s EfChms5fRs 1UFU nhm5 mC 5sAmCxps Hm odLe: pmTscAmU s EUxs mC i,N9
TmJU5HsT.
yUfc AsEê fEFf 8Um é s pmEspHm CU5HYfc Hs EUxs Hm BUxY6 hfpf UC psxô CsAYHs f Vw? w
pmThsTRf é Y5fEpmHYRáAmc: d,ie TmJU5Hs. n psxô RY5Ff TmYT CsRspmT, UC CsAm5Hs EfHf QfEm Hs EUxs.
gcm RfCxéC UTfAf PmxEfCT hfpf YHm5RYfiEfp sT hfHpõmT Hm EspmT mC EfHf QfEm Hs EUxs m mpf spYm5RfHs
hsp UC TsQRPfpm 8Um Y5HYEfAf sT CsAYCm5RsT 5mEmTTápYsT hfpf pmTscAmp s EUxs CáJYEs. n psxô
pmfcY2sU EácEUcsT EsC AmcsEYHfHm mSRpmCf, m TUf mTRpfRéJYf Hm pmTscUçãs QsY CUYRs HYQmpm5Rm Hf HsT
mThmEYfcYTRfT FUCf5sT.
w Es58UYTRf CfYT YChpmTTYs5f5Rm Hf Vw 5f pmTscUçãs Hs EUxs Hm BUxY6 QsY EsC UC m5spCm
EUxs EsC i9.9Ge hcfEfT Hm EfHf cfHs, hpsHU2Y5Hs 5fHf CfYT, 5fHf Cm5sT 8Um G,GW × LdLd0N Hm
EsCxY5fçõmT (s 8Um TYJ5YfiEf G,GW TmJUYHs Hm L.d0N 2mpsT!). w pmTscUçãs HmTTm JYJf5RmTEs EUxs Hm
BUxY6 QsY TUhsTRfCm5Rm cm5Rf, mSYJY5Hs CfYT Hm o.9dd FspfT. n CmcFsp mThmEYfcYTRf FUCf5s 5s EUxs
Hm BUxY6 Hs CU5Hs, Es5RUHs, 5ãs hsHmpYf 5mC EsCmçfp f pmTscAmp mTTf AmpTãs Qf5RfTRYEfCm5Rm
HYQíEYc, CmTCs Tm RYAmTTm RmChs YcYCYRfHs.
n hsHmp EsChURfEYs5fc HsT TYTRmCfT Hf fhpm5HY2fJmC Hm Cá8UY5f (EsC xfTm mC TUf
AmcsEYHfHm Hm hpsEmTTfCm5Rs Hm Y5QspCfçõmT) fhpsSYCfHfCm5Rm HsxpsU f EfHf i,Ni CmTmT hsp
AápYsT f5sT, mCxspf f RfSf Rm5Ff HmTfEmcmpfHs pmEm5RmCm5Rm. VTTs m8UYAfcm f UC m5spCm fUCm5Rs Hm
LL Am2mT f EfHf f5s. IfCxéC FsUAm UCf EsppYHf m5AscAm5Hs sT gTRfHsT j5YHsT, s lfhãs m f 4FY5f
hfpf Rmp s TUhmpEsChURfHsp CfYT hsHmpsTs Hs CU5Hs. gC vU5Fs Hm odLe, s 3UCCYR Hf VaZ RsCsU
mTTm RíRUcs Hs TUhmpEsChURfHsp 3U5PfK IfYFUqYJFR, Hf 4FY5f.
rsHmCsT fAfcYfp s HmTmChm5Fs CáSYCs Hs 3UCCYR UTf5Hs tqnr3 (Hs Y5JcêT flsfRY5J hsY5R
shmpfRYs5T hmp TmEs5H; mC hspRUJUêT, “shmpfçõmT Hm hs5Rs flURUf5Rm hsp TmJU5Hs”. jC hs5Rs
flURUf5Rm EsppmThs5Hm à mShf5Tãs HmEYCfc Hm UC 5úCmps). n hYEs Hm HmTmChm5Fs Hs 3UCCYR é Hm
fhpsSYCfHfCm5Rm odd hmRftqnr3 (pmThmYRáAmYT odd CYc RpYcFõmT Hm EácEUcsT hsp TmJU5Hs). VTTs é
CfYT Hs 8Um s Hsxps Hf AmcsEYHfHm Hs IfYFUqYJFR.
gC odod, s 3UCCYR hmpHmU TmU hsTRs Hm EsChURfHsp CfYT hsHmpsTs Hs CU5Hs hfpf UC
TUhmpEsChURfHsp vfhs5êT EFfCfHs tUJf6U (UC 5sCm fcRmp5fRYAs hfpf s Zs5Rm tUJY). gcm Es5TYTRm
mC iWG pfE6T Jpf5HmT (mTRpURUpfT Hm TUhspRm Es5Rm5Hs m8UYhfCm5RsT Hm EsChURfçãs, EsCs
TmpAYHspmT m HYTEsT píJYHsT). 3mU HmTmChm5Fs CáSYCs é Hm NL0 hmRftqnr3 (CfYT Hs 8Um s Hsxps Hs
3UCCYR), m mcm Es5TsCm oe CmJfPfRRT Hm m5mpJYf (o,e Am2mT s Es5TUCs Hm m5mpJYf Hs 3UCCYR) (Amvf
f tYJUpf o.L).
Figura 2.1
O supercomputador Fugaku em Kobe, Japão.
kãs é Hm Tm TUphpmm5Hmp 8Um mTTm m5spCm fUCm5Rs 5s hsHmp HsT TUhmpEsChURfHspmT (m sURpsT
TYTRmCfT Hm Vw) Rm5Ff hmpCYRYHs 8Um mcmT mSmEURfTTmC Y5úCmpfT RfpmQfT mSYJm5RmT hfpf f EsJ5Yçãs
EsC AmcsEYHfHm m mfiEYê5EYf Y5EpíAmYT. n QsEs Em5Rpfc HmTRm EfhíRUcs mTRá 5fT CfYspmT Es58UYTRfT Hf
Vw. Dá AápYfT Hmfi5YçõmT hsTTíAmYT hfpf “CfYspmT Es58UYTRfT”. ksTTs hfpâCmRps é 8Uf5Hs s
HmTmChm5Fs Hm UC TYTRmCf Hm Vw mC UCf RfpmQf EsppmThs5Hm sU TUhmpf s Hm FUCf5sT mThmEYfcYTRfT.
gTTf hsHm Tmp UCf fxspHfJmC CUYRs pmTRpYRf, hsp8Um YChcYEf 8Um fT Es58UYTRfT Hs Tmp FUCf5s Tãs s
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
“hfHpãs-sUps” EsChfpfHs fs 8Ufc sT QmYRsT Hf Vw HmAmC Tmp fAfcYfHsT. 4sCs HYTEURYHs 5s 4fhíRUcs
9, s hmpYJs é 8Um fT Es58UYTRfT Hf Vw 8Um 5ãs TmvfC TmCmcFf5RmT àT HsT FUCf5sT mC TUf 5fRUpm2f
hmpEfC YChspRâ5EYf sU TmvfC YJ5spfHfT.
JOGOS COMPLEXOS
wcJUCfT HfT Es58UYTRfT CfYT YChpmTTYs5f5RmT Hf Vw mC EsChmRYçãs HYpmRf EsC FUCf5sT QspfC 5s
HsCí5Ys Hm vsJsT EsChcmSsT EsCs SfHpm2, bs m hô8Ump. 4sCs AmpmCsT, s 8Um é YChpmTTYs5f5Rm é
8Um sT TYTRmCfT Hm Vw HmppsRfpfC Hm Cf5mYpf Es5AY5Em5Rm sT CfYT YcUTRpmT mShsm5RmT FUCf5sT
HmTTmT vsJsT.
XADREZ
gC L9WG, QsY EpYfHf UCf QfcTf Cá8UY5f Hm vsJfp SfHpm2 EFfCfHf wURsCfRs5. gcf RY5Ff UC FUCf5s
vsJfHsp mThmEYfcYTRf Hm SfHpm2 mTEs5HYHs Hm5Rps Hmcf Qf2m5Hs fT vsJfHfT. n hpYCmYps CfpEs
AmpHfHmYps AmYs mC LW0L, 8Uf5Hs wcf5 IUpY5J EpYsU UC hpsJpfCf Hm EsChURfHsp hfpf vsJfp
SfHpm2. MmhsYT HYTTs, sT hpsJpfCfHspmT RpfxfcFfpfC hfpf CmcFspfp TUfT Cá8UY5fT Hm SfHpm2, m
CmcFspYfT 5s FfpHPfpm hmpCYRYpfC UC vsJs CfYT fAf5çfHs.
ks 4fhíRUcs L, HYTEURYCsT xpmAmCm5Rm f HmppsRf EfcfCYRsTf Hm bfppK OfThfpsA mC LWW9 hfpf
UC EsChURfHsp Hf VaZ EFfCfHs Mmmh acUm. kf AmpHfHm, hspéC, s QmYRs Hs Mmmh acUm QsY Cm5sT
YChpmTTYs5f5Rm Hs 8Um hfpmEYf Tmp. nT FUCf5sT 8Um hpsJpfCfpfC s Mmmh acUm RYAmpfC fEmTTs f
RsHfT fT hfpRYHfT Hm SfHpm2 f5RmpYspmT Hm OfThfpsA. rsp TUf Am2, OfThfpsA RY5Ff Y5QspCfçõmT CUYRs
cYCYRfHfT Tsxpm fT mTRpfRéJYfT Hs Mmmh acUm. Dá RfCxéC TUThmYRfT Hm 8Um s TUEmTTs Hs Mmmh acUm
Hmhm5HmU, mC hfpRm, Hs Y5hUR Hm AápYsT Jpf5HmT CmTRpmT Hs SfHpm2 f5RmT (m HUpf5Rm) f hfpRYHf.
tY5fcCm5Rm, TsUxm-Tm 8Um s Mmmh acUm RY5Ff TYHs hpsJpfCfHs hfpf Tm m5AscAmp mC vsJsT
hTYEscóJYEsT. rsp mSmChcs, àT Am2mT mcm HmEYHYf pfhYHfCm5Rm TmU hpóSYCs hfTTs, CfT mThmpfAf
fcJU5T CY5URsT f5RmT Hm pmfcCm5Rm Qf2mp f vsJfHf, m5Jf5f5Hs OfThfpsA. n Mmmh acUm àT Am2mT
RfCxéC HfAf f YChpmTTãs Hm Rmp EfíHs mC UCf fpCfHYcFf, Qf2m5Hs UC CsAYCm5Rs CUYRs páhYHs
fhóT UCf HfT CmcFspmT vsJfHfT Hm OfThfpsA. Mm fEspHs EsC Zf5Umc VccmTEfT, UC Jpf5Hm CmTRpm 8Um
fvUHsU 5f hpmhfpfçãs Hs Mmmh acUm, “mTTf (mTRpfRéJYf) RmC UC YChfERs hTYEscóJYEs, hsYT f Cá8UY5f
Rsp5f-Tm YChpmAYTíAmc, s 8Um mpf 5sTTs hpY5EYhfc sxvmRYAs”.
Ms hs5Rs Hm AYTRf fRUfc, s Mmmh acUm mpf CUYRs hpYCYRYAs, hsp8Um Hmhm5HYf Hf Qspçf xpURf Hm
EfcEUcfp AmcsEYHfHm m hsRê5EYf (fAfcYf5Hs odd CYcFõmT Hm hsTYçõmT Hm SfHpm2 hsp TmJU5Hs). gcm
UTfAf s 8Um é EFfCfHs, Hm CsHs HmhpmEYfRYAs, Hm xsf m AmcFf Y5RmcYJê5EYf fpRYfiEYfc (bntwV, 5f TYJcf
mC Y5JcêT). VTTs hsHm Tmp Es5RpfTRfHs EsC s Hmmh cmfp5Y5J (HYTEURYHs 5s 4fhíRUcs L), 8Um fcEf5çsU
UCf hsTYçãs Hm HsCí5Ys CfEYçs Tsxpm f bntwV CfYT sU Cm5sT 5f úcRYCf HéEfHf.
4sCs f bntwV HYQmpm Hs Hmmh cmfp5Y5J? kf bntwV, s fcJspYRCs (Es5vU5Rs Hm pmJpfT UTfHfT hfpf f
TscUçãs Hm hpsxcmCfT) é mShcYEYRfCm5Rm hpsJpfCfHs 5s Y5íEYs hsp UC hpsJpfCfHsp (XfHsp, odLW).
jCf cYCYRfçãs QU5HfCm5Rfc é 8Um s TUEmTTs (sU 5ãs) Hf bntwV Hmhm5Hm HsT Y5TYJFRT Hs
hpsJpfCfHsp. n Hmmh cmfp5Y5J, fs Es5RpápYs, m5AscAm pmHmT 5mUpfYT EsChcmSfT 8Um fhpm5HmC EsC
CUYRf mfiEáEYf TmC mSYJYp f Y5RmpAm5çãs Hm hpsJpfCfHspmT FUCf5sT hfpf Y5HYEfp EsCs HmAmC
hpsEmTTfp sT HfHsT. 4sCs Es5Tm8Uê5EYf, pmHmT 5mUpfYT hpsQU5HfT hsHmC fcEf5çfp 5íAmYT CUYRs fcRsT
Hm HmTmChm5Fs, HmTHm 8Um Rm5FfC RpmY5fCm5Rs hpscs5JfHs m mSRm5Ts Tsxpm f RfpmQf mC 8UmTRãs.
w Y5RpsHUçãs Hs Hmmh cmfp5Y5J 5fT Cá8UY5fT Hm vsJs Hm SfHpm2 RmAm UC YChfERs HpáTRYEs.
ZUYRfT Cá8UY5fT xfpfRfT 8Um UTfC Hmmh cmfp5Y5J Tãs fJspf CmcFspmT mC vsJfp SfHpm2 Hs 8Um s fRUfc
EfChmãs CU5HYfc! yUf5Hs bfppK OfThfpsA QsY m5RpmAYTRfHs mC UC hsHEfTR EsC s 5mUpsEYm5RYTRf 3fC
DfppYT mC odLG, mcm fHCYRYU 8Um EsC EmpRm2f TmpYf HmppsRfHs hmcsT EsChURfHspmT Hm SfHpm2 Hm Fsvm:
“n hpsxcmCf HsT FUCf5sT é 8Um 5ãs TsCsT Es5TRf5RmT, 5ãs Es5TmJUYCsT vsJfp Tsx Jpf5Hm hpmTTãs.
ksTTsT vsJsT Tãs CfpEfHsT hsp CsAYCm5RsT xs5T m pUY5T – 5ãs Jpf5HmT Cf5EfHfT, CfT YChpmEYTõmT”.
w8UY Es5TYHmpfpmCsT xpmAmCm5Rm s 3RsE6fiTF, UC CmEf5YTCs Hm vsJs Hm SfHpm2 CUYRs
hsHmpsTs 8Um hsHm QfEYcCm5Rm Am5Emp 8Ufc8Ump vsJfHsp FUCf5s.odod, hfpf UCf pmAYTãs). ks m5Rf5Rs, sT EYpUpJYõmT
JmpfcCm5Rm pmcfRfC 8Um f EYpUpJYf EsC psxôT mTRá fTTsEYfHf à pmHUçãs Hf EfpJf Hm RpfxfcFs m Hm
HmTEs5QspRs cfxspfc, UCf Am2 8Um m5AscAm Cm5sp UTs HsT sCxpsT, HfT EsTRfT m HsT xpfçsT (1mm mR fc.,
odod). whmTfp HYTTs, f EYpUpJYf EsC psxôT m5AscAm CfYsp HmTEs5QspRs 5s hmTEsçs m 5sT HmHsT Hs 8Um
f EYpUpJYf cfhfpsTEóhYEf.
MEDICINA: FACILITANDO A DESCOBERTA DE MEDICAMENTOS
4FmJfCsT fJspf f UC HmTm5AscAYCm5Rs mChscJf5Rm Hf Vw 5f CmHYEY5f, 8Um HY2 pmThmYRs à Tm8Uê5EYf
Hm fCY5sáEYHsT Hm UCf hpsRmí5f hfpf hpmAmp EsC hpmEYTãs f QspCf iM mC 8Um mcf Tm Hsxpfpá 5sT
HYfT TmJUY5RmT. gTTf hmT8UYTf é Hm Jpf5Hm YChspRâ5EYf, hsp8Um f CfYspYf HfT Hsm5çfT mTRá
pmcfEYs5fHf fs QU5EYs5fCm5Rs Hm hpsRmí5fT. rsp mSmChcs, UCf hpsRmí5f HmQmYRUsTf (h0i) é
m5Es5RpfHf mC EmpEf Hm 0d% HsT Eâ5EmpmT, m hpsRmí5fT RfU HmQmYRUsTfT HmTmChm5FfC UC hfhmc
YChspRf5Rm 5f Hsm5çf Hm wc2FmYCmp. 3m RYAéTTmCsT UCf EsChpmm5Tãs EsChcmRf HfT mTRpURUpfT
hpsRmYEfT, QfEYcYRfpYf CUYRs f RfpmQf Hm HmTm5AscAmp CmHYEfCm5RsT hfpf hpsHU2Yp CUHf5çfT
xm5éfiEfT 5mTTfT mTRpURUpfT.
n hpsJpmTTs QmYRs hmcf Vw é fAfcYfHs mC UCf EsChmRYçãs xYf5Ufc Es5FmEYHf EsCs 4pYRYEfc
wTTmTTCm5R Qsp 3RpUERUpm rpmHYERYs5 (4fTh, fAfcYfçãs EpíRYEf hfpf hpmAYTãs Hm mTRpURUpf), EUvs sxvmRYAs é
hpmAmp f QspCf iM Hm UCf hpsRmí5f. kf 4fTh, fT hpmAYTõmT Hm EfHf TYTRmCf Hm Vw Tãs EsChfpfHfT
EsC fT mTRpURUpfT pmfYT Hm hpsRmí5fT fAfcYfHfT hsp RéE5YEfT EfpfT m RpfxfcFsTfT (EpYTRfcsJpffif Hm
pfYsT-7, CYEpsTEshYf mcmRpô5YEf EpYsJê5YEf, mRE.). jC HmTmChm5Fs mSEmcm5Rm é pmhpmTm5RfHs hsp UCf
hs5RUfçãs Hm Wd, s 8Um EsppmThs5Hm à hpmAYTãs HfT mTRpURUpfT Hm hpsRmí5fT EsC UC mpps CéHYs Hm
d,LG 5fCôCmRpsT (UC xYcYs5éTYCs Hm UC CmRps).
w hs5RUfçãs Am5EmHspf mC EsChmRYçõmT Hf 4fTh m5Rpm oddG m odLG 5U5Ef QsY CfYsp Hs 8Um Nd,
5úCmps xfYSs. ks m5Rf5Rs, FsUAm UC TfcRs 8UfcYRfRYAs mC odLe. n wchFftscH, UC TYTRmCf Hm
fhpm5HY2fHs hpsQU5Hs HmTm5AscAYHs hmcs MmmhZY5H, sxRmAm UCf hs5RUfçãs Hm 8UfTm Gd. gC id Hm
5sAmCxps Hm odod, QsY f5U5EYfHs 8Um s wchFftscH o FfAYf TUhmpfHs CUYRs mTTf Es58UYTRf EsC UCf
5sRáAmc hs5RUfçãs Hm 8UfTm Wd, s 8Um pmhpmTm5Rf “UC TfcRs JYJf5RmTEs” (4fccfPfK, odod).
rsp 8Um s wchFftscH o Tm TfYU Rãs xmC? gcm Tm fTTmCmcFf f CUYRsT sURpsT TYTRmCfT 8Um UTfC
fhpm5HY2fHs hpsQU5Hs, CfT RmAm f Af5RfJmC Hm UC RpmY5fCm5Rs mSRm5Ts mC L9d CYc hpsRmí5fT f5RmT
Hf EsChmRYçãs. n wchFftscH o RfCxéC é CfYT fCxYEYsTs Hs 8Um sT TYTRmCfT Hm Vw f5RmpYspmT, hsp8Um
QsY hpsvmRfHs hfpf hpmAmp f mTRpURUpf fi5fc Hm UCf Tm8Uê5EYf hpsRmYEf-fcAs mC Am2 Hf RfpmQf CfYT
TYChcmT Hm hpmAmp pmcfçõmT m5Rpm fCY5sáEYHsT.
ROBÔS NA PRODUÇÃO DE CARROS
4sCs Cm5EYs5fHs 5s 4fhíRUcs L, vá mSYTRmC CfYT Hm i CYcFõmT Hm psxôT 5s CU5Hs, m mTTm 5úCmps
mTRá fUCm5Rf5Hs pfhYHfCm5Rm. nT psxôT Tãs UTfHsT hfpf Y5úCmpsT RYhsT Hm RpfxfcFs; 0d% HmcmT, 5f
hpsHUçãs Hm EfppsT. É TUphpmm5Hm5Rm 8Um f hpYCmYpf Am2 8Um YTTs sEsppmU Rm5Ff TYHs mC LWGL,
8Uf5Hs f bm5mpfc ZsRspT EsCmçsU f UTá-csT hfpf f TscHf f hs5Rs (hpsEmTTs hfpf U5Yãs Hm EFfhfT Hm
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
L.
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fçs). Dsvm mC HYf, é Ecfps, 8UfTm RsHsT sT QfxpYEf5RmT Hm fURsCóAmYT UTfC psxôT hfpf CmcFspfp f
8UfcYHfHm, fUCm5Rfp f EfhfEYHfHm, pmHU2Yp EUTRsT m hpsRmJmp sT RpfxfcFfHspmT Hm RfpmQfT HYQíEmYT
m/sU hmpYJsTfT pmcfEYs5fHfT f EfppsT.
gSYTRmC AápYfT Af5RfJm5T EcfpfT 5s UTs Hm psxôT 5f hpsHUçãs Hm EfppsT. nT psxôT Tãs CUYRs
fHm8UfHsT hfpf AápYsT fThmERsT HmTTm RYhs Hm hpsHUçãs, EsCs hY5RUpf, TscHfJmC m Cs5RfJmC Hm
hmçfT hm8Um5fT (EsCs CsRspmT m xsCxfT) mC fcRf AmcsEYHfHm. wcéC HYTTs, f hpsHURYAYHfHm m f
EfhfEYHfHm Hm hpsHUçãs hsHmC Tmp CfSYCY2fHfT, hsp8Um sT psxôT hsHmC RpfxfcFfp Hm QspCf
mfiEYm5Rm oN FspfT hsp HYf. IfCxéC hsHmC RpfxfcFfp mC fCxYm5RmT hmpYJsTsT hfpf sT TmpmT FUCf5sT,
pmHU2Y5Hs sT QmpYCm5RsT mC RpfxfcFfHspmT Hf ápmf fURsCsRYAf. Dá pmHUçãs HsT EUTRsT Hm Cãs Hm
sxpf mC EsChfpfçãs EsC f Es5RpfRfçãs Hm RpfxfcFfHspmT FUCf5sT. rsp fiC, Fá s UTs EpmTEm5Rm Hm
EsxsRT (psxôT EscfxspfRYAsT), 8Um hsHmC RpfxfcFfp fs cfHs Hm RpfxfcFfHspmT FUCf5sT hfpf Qf2mp UTs
YHmfc Hm FfxYcYHfHmT Rf5Rs HsT FUCf5sT 8Uf5Rs HsT psxôT.
Dá RfCxéC fcJUCfT HmTAf5RfJm5T hsRm5EYfYT 5s UTs Hm psxôT hfpf f hpsHUçãs Hm EfppsT. gTTfT
HmTAf5RfJm5T Tãs HYTEURYHfT 5s 4fhíRUcs 0, mC 8Um Tãs fxspHfHfT AápYfT 8UmTRõmT-EFfAm
pmcfEYs5fHfT fs UTs Hm psxôT mC Y5úCmpfT TYRUfçõmT (Es5HUçãs Hm EfppsT, shmpfçõmT CYcYRfpmT, m5Rpm
sURpfT).
CONCLUSÕES
kmTRm EfhíRUcs, HYTEURYCsT AápYfT ápmfT mC 8Um f Vw Tm CsTRpsU TUhmpYsp fsT CfYspmT mThmEYfcYTRfT
FUCf5sT. n 8Um RfcAm2 Tmvf CfYT YChpmTTYs5f5Rm é 8Um f TUhmpYspYHfHm Hf Vw fxpf5Jm UCf fChcf
JfCf Hm RfpmQfT m FfxYcYHfHmT HYQmpm5RmT, EsCs fT TmJUY5RmT:
vsJsT EsC Y5QspCfçãs hmpQmYRf sU Hm TYTRmCf QmEFfHs, EsCs SfHpm2 m bs;
vsJsT YChmpQmYRsT sU fxmpRsT, EsCs hô8Ump;
vsJsT xfTmfHsT mC Es5FmEYCm5Rs, EsCs lmshfpHK!;
fcJU5T fThmERsT Hf RsCfHf Hm HmEYTãs 5s TYTRmCf vUHYEYápYs;
HYfJ5óTRYEs Hm Hsm5çfT f hfpRYp Hm YCfJm5T CéHYEfT;
AmcsEYHfHm m hpmEYTãs Hm fcJU5T RYhsT Hm EYpUpJYf;
hpmAYTãs Hf QspCf HfT hpsRmí5fT hfpf QfEYcYRfp f HmTEsxmpRf Hm HpsJfT hsHmpsTfT hfpf
RpfRfp Hsm5çfT;
AmcsEYHfHm m hpmEYTãs HsT fThmERsT Hf hpsHUçãs Hm EfppsT.
3m vá TsCsT Y5QmpYspmT fsT TYTRmCfT Hm Vw mC CUYRsT fThmERsT, Tmpá 8Um é Y5mAYRáAmc s HsCí5Ys
Hf Vw Tsxpm sT TmpmT FUCf5sT fRé, HYJfCsT, odid sU odNd? ZUYRsT mThmEYfcYTRfT mTRãs Es5Am5EYHsT
Hm 8Um f pmThsTRf é “3YC”. kãs fEpmHYRfCsT EsChcmRfCm5Rm 5YTTs, EsCs fiEfpá Ecfps 8Uf5Hs
HYTEURYpCsT fT Jpf5HmT cYCYRfçõmT Hf Vw 5s 4fhíRUcs N. wcéC HYTTs, 5s 4fhíRUcs 9, HmCs5TRpfCsT
8Um CUYRsT HsT CfYspmT TUEmTTsT Hf Vw Tãs CUYRs Cm5sT YChpmTTYs5f5RmT Hs 8Um hfpmEmC à hpYCmYpf
AYTRf.
[kI] k. Hm I. 4FmCYTm m TFYQR Tãs RYhsT Hm AmTRYHsT CUYRs hfpmEYHsT, CfT fhm5fT TFYQR Tm pmcfEYs5f à EfRmJspYf hpshsTRf, 8Um é
“RmEcf Hm EsChURfHsp”.gcm f5fcYTf Em5Rm5fT Hm CYcFfpmT
Hm hsTYçõmT mC TmJU5HsT, HmEYHY5Hs s 8Uãs “xs5T” Tãs AápYsT CsAYCm5RsT hsTTíAmYT, fAfcYf5Hs TmU
hpsAáAmc YChfERs f cs5Js hpf2s. gcm UTf hpsEmTTsT Hm “hsHf” hfpf mcYCY5fp “CsAYCm5RsT pUY5T” 8Um
hsHmpYfC cmAfp f hsTYçõmT HmTAf5RfvsTfT. IfCxéC UTf AápYfT FmUpíTRYEfT (pmJpfT JmpfYT). wcJU5T
mSmChcsT: (Y) HmTm5AscAmp hmçfT Cm5spmT (EfAfcmYpsT m xYThsT) é xsC; (YY) CsAmp f BfY5Ff EmHs é
pUYC; (YYY) Es5Rpscfp pfhYHfCm5Rm s CmYs Hs RfxUcmYps é xsC; m (YA) mQmRUfp UC ps8Um pfhYHfCm5Rm é
xsC.
MYTEURYpmCsT xpmAmCm5Rm sURpf Cá8UY5f Hm vsJfp SfHpm2 EsC FfxYcYHfHmT Hm SfHpm2
EsChfpáAmYT àT Hs 3RsE6fiTF: f qmmcf 4FmTT Xmps. gcf QsY hpsJpfCfHf EsC fT pmJpfT xáTYEfT Hs
SfHpm2, CfT 5m5FUC sURps Es5FmEYCm5Rs mThmEífiEs Hs SfHpm2 (EsCs FmUpíTRYEfT úRmYT). qmmcf 4FmTT
Xmps HmTm5AscAmU TUf FfxYcYHfHm Hm vsJfp SfHpm2 EsC UCf mSRm5Tf hpáRYEf UTf5Hs pmHmT 5mUpfYT
hpsQU5HfT. lá vsJsU CfYT Hm odd CYcFõmT Hm vsJsT Es5Rpf TY CmTCf m, CUYRfT Am2mT, vsJf CmYs CYcFãs
Hm vsJsT hsp HYf (TmC s RéHYs 8Um sT FUCf5sT RmpYfC!). gcf JpfHUfcCm5Rm fhpm5HmU f vsJfp Hm
Cf5mYpfT 8Um cmAfC f UCf pmEsChm5Tf sU UC pmQspçs (EsCs Jf5Ffp s vsJs), m58Uf5Rs mAYRf
CsAYCm5RsT 8Um hsHmpYfC cmAfp à HmppsRf.
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
gC TUCf, f Vw é fJspf CUYRs TUhmpYsp fsT FUCf5sT 5s SfHpm2. Mm QfRs, mTRá Rãs à Qpm5Rm 8Um sT
FUCf5sT 5ãs mTRãs HYThsTRsT f TUhspRfp f FUCYcFfçãs Hm TmpmC sTRm5TYAfCm5Rm HmppsRfHsT RsHfT fT
Am2mT hsp UCf “Cmpf Cá8UY5f”.
GO
n bs é UC vsJs Hm RfxUcmYps hfpf HsYT vsJfHspmT Y5Am5RfHs 5f 4FY5f Fá CfYT Hm o,0 CYc f5sT. É UC
vsJs CUYRs hshUcfp (mThmEYfcCm5Rm 5s cmTRm Hf ÁTYf), EsC 8UfTm 0d CYcFõmT Hm vsJfHspmT. ks
hfTTfHs, mpf Es5TYHmpfHs UCf YChspRf5Rm fpRm EUcRYAfHf hfpf EfAfcFmYpsT EFY5mTmT, vU5RfCm5Rm EsC
f hY5RUpf, f EfcYJpffif m s JUKY5 (Y5TRpUCm5Rs Hm TmRm EspHfT TmCmcFf5Rm f UCf EíRfpf).
rsp 8Um mTRfCsT Qfcf5Hs Tsxpm s bs? gcm é EsChcYEfHs m, hsp YTTs, pmhpmTm5Rf UC m5spCm
HmTffis hfpf fT Cá8UY5fT CsAYHfT f Vw. tsY Es5TYHmpfHs Rãs HYQíEYc 8Um, m5Rpm LWe0 m oddd, f
tU5Hfçãs V5J Hm IfYPf5 sQmpmEmU UC hpêCYs Hm j3$ L,N CYcFãs f 8Ufc8Ump hpsJpfCf Hm Vw 8Um
hUHmTTm Am5Emp UC EfChmãs FUCf5s.
wT pmJpfT Hs bs hfpmEmC TYChcmT. n RfxUcmYps é UCf JpfHm Hm LW cY5FfT FspY2s5RfYT hsp LW
cY5FfT AmpRYEfYT, m fT hmHpfT Tãs EscsEfHfT mC EpU2fCm5RsT 5mTTf JpfHm, UCf f UCf, Hm QspCf
fcRmp5fHf, hmcsT HsYT vsJfHspmT (Amvf f tYJUpf o.o). jC vsJfHsp UTf hmHpfT hpmRfT, m s sURps UTf
hmHpfT xpf5EfT. jCf Am2 8Um UCf hmHpf Rm5Ff TYHs EscsEfHf, mcf 5ãs hsHm Tmp CsAYHf. n sxvmRYAs é
EmpEfp EsChcmRfCm5Rm (EfhRUpfp) UC JpUhs Hm hmHpfT Hs shs5m5Rm, 8Um m5Rãs Tãs pmCsAYHfT Hs
RfxUcmYps. n Am5EmHsp é s vsJfHsp EUvf ápmf (hs5RsT 8Um mcm sEUhsU sU EmpEsU) Qsp CfYsp.
Figura 2.2
Um jogo de Go em andamento.
3UhmpfiEYfcCm5Rm, s bs hfpmEm CfYT TYChcmT 8Um s SfHpm2. rsp mSmChcs, 5s SfHpm2 Fá TmYT RYhsT
Hm hmçfT, EfHf UCf Tm CsAm5Hs Hm QspCf HYQmpm5Rm, m58Uf5Rs 5s bs Fá fhm5fT UC RYhs Hm hmçf (sU
Tmvf, fT hmHpfT), m mcfT 5ãs Tm CsAmC. rsp 8Um, m5Rãs, s bs é CUYRs CfYT HYQíEYc? 4sTRUCf-Tm HY2mp 8Um
s SfHpm2 é UCf xfRfcFf, CfT s bs é UCf JUmppf. ks bs, CUYRfT Am2mT Fá AápYfT xfRfcFfT fEs5RmEm5Hs
mC HYQmpm5RmT hfpRmT Hf JpfHm Hm LW × LW. 4sCs pmTUcRfHs, sT vsJfHspmT CUYRfT Am2mT 5ãs TfxmC hfpf
s5Hm HYpmEYs5fp TUf fRm5çãs. ws Es5RpápYs Hs SfHpm2, sT vsJfHspmT mShmpYm5RmT Hm bs CUYRfT Am2mT
fEFfC HYQíEYc fRé CmTCs Tfxmp Tm mTRãs Jf5Ff5Hs sU hmpHm5Hs UC vsJs.
4s5TYHmpm s 5úCmps Hm hsTYçõmT hsTTíAmYT 5s RfxUcmYps fhóT 8UfRps vsJfHfT (HUfT hfpf EfHf
vsJfHsp). ks SfHpm2, Tãs fhpsSYCfHfCm5Rm L.0dd.Gi0, s 8Um vá Tsf fTTUTRfHsp. ks bs, 5s m5Rf5Rs, s
5úCmps EsChfpáAmc é Hm fhpsSYCfHfCm5Rm L,G xYcFãs (CYc Am2mT CfYT). MmhsYT Hm TmYT CsAYCm5RsT,
f HYQmpm5çf é fY5Hf CfYT CfpEf5Rm – L,e xYcFãs Hm hsTYçõmT hsTTíAmYT 5s SfHpm2 Es5Rpf GN RpYcFõmT 5s
bs!
MmAYHs àT EsChcmSYHfHmT Hs vsJs, CUYRsT mThmEYfcYTRfT 5ãs fEpmHYRfAfC 8Um UC EsChURfHsp
hsHmpYf Am5Emp FUCf5sT mShmpYm5RmT 5s bs. gC odLG, s wchFfbs, Hs bssJcm MmmhZY5H, mpf s
TYTRmCf Hm Vw CfYT fAf5çfHs hfpf vsJfp bs. gcm QsY Y5YEYfcCm5Rm hpsJpfCfHs EsC fT pmJpfT Hs vsJs m,
HmhsYT HYTTs, f5fcYTsU id CYcFõmT Hm CsAYCm5RsT Hm hfpRYHfT vsJfHfT hsp vsJfHspmT FUCf5sT. ks
fi5fc, mcm Rsp5sU-Tm UC mSEmcm5Rm vsJfHsp Hm bs, vsJf5Hs Es5Rpf TY CmTCs CYcFõmT Hm Am2mT, EsC
Hmmh cmfp5Y5J m fhpm5HY2fHs hsp pmQspçs (pmEsChm5Tf).
n shs5m5Rm Hs wchFfbs mpf qmm 3mH, FUCf5s m vsJfHsp mSEmhEYs5fc Hm bs (Amvf f tYJUpf o.i).
w5RmT Hf hfpRYHf Hm EY5Es vsJsT mC Cfpçs Hm odLG, mcm HYTTm: “gTRsU Es5fif5Rm Hm 8Um hsTTs Am5Emp,
hmcs Cm5sT HmTRf Am2”. gC pmRpsThmERYAf, fT úcRYCfT 8UfRps hfcfApfT TUJmpmC 8Um mcm 5ãs mTRfAf
RsRfcCm5Rm Es5fif5Rm Hf AYRópYf. nT RpêT hpYCmYpsT vsJsT QspfC xfTRf5Rm fEYppfHsT. rspéC, wchFfbs
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
QsY Tm Rsp5f5Hs EfHf Am2 CfYT HsCY5f5Rm à CmHYHf 8Um EfHf vsJs hpsJpmHYf, Am5Em5Hs RsHsT sT RpêT
m, hspRf5Rs, f hfpRYHf. jC vsJfHsp mThmEYfcYTRf mC bs, Os lU-Kms5, HmTEpmAmU f fxspHfJmC Hs
wchFfbs Hf TmJUY5Rm QspCf: “IsHsT, mSEmRs sT CmcFspmT vsJfHspmT Hm bs, EpYfC TmU mTRYcs YCYRf5Hs
sT CmcFspmT vsJfHspmT. wchFfbs hfpmEm Rmp CsAYCm5RsT RsRfcCm5Rm spYJY5fYT, 8Um mcm CmTCs EpYf”.
whóT s RmpEmYps vsJs, qmm 3mHsc HYTTm EsC f As2 RpêCUcf: “Im5Fs 8Um Cm HmTEUchfp”.
Figura 2.3
Fotografia do excelente jogador Lee Sedol tirada em 2016.
gC odLW, qmm 3mHsc Tm fhsTm5RsU EsCs vsJfHsp hpsfiTTYs5fc. gTTf HmEYTãs QsY CsRYAfHf hmcf
TUhmpYspYHfHm Hf Vw: “4sC f mTRpmYf Hf Vw 5sT vsJsT Hm bs, hmpEmxY 8Um 5ãs mTRfpmY 5s Rshs CmTCs Tm
mU Cm mTQspçfp Qpm5mRYEfCm5Rm hfpf Cm Rsp5fp s 5úCmps UC... ZmTCs 8Um mU Cm Rsp5m s 5úCmps UC,
Fá UCf m5RYHfHm (Vw) 8Um 5ãs hsHm Tmp HmppsRfHf”.
n TUEmTTs Hs wchFfbs 5ãs é s fiC Hf FYTRópYf. 3YcAmp mR fc. (odL9) HmTm5AscAmpfC s wchFfbs
Xmps, 8Um QsY hpsJpfCfHs fhm5fT EsC fT pmJpfT Hs bs m 5ãs pmEmxmU TUhmpAYTãs FUCf5f.
V5YEYfcCm5Rm, TmU EsChspRfCm5Rs fs vsJfp bs mpf fcmfRópYs. 4s5RUHs, TmU HmTmChm5Fs QsY
CmcFspf5Hs hpsJpmTTYAfCm5Rm, hsYT QsY RpmY5fHs mC N,W CYcFõmT Hm fURsvsJsT. whóT mTTm
RpmY5fCm5Rs, 3YcAmp mR fc. spJf5Y2fpfC UCf hfpRYHf Hm Ldd vsJsT m5Rpm s wchFfbs Xmps m UCf AmpTãs
fAf5çfHf Hs wchFfbs. n wchFfbs Xmps RpYU5QsU, Am5Em5Hs f hfpRYHf hsp eW vsJsT f LL.
SHOGI E ATARI
rpsJpfCfT Hm Vw EsCs s 3RsE6fiTF m s wchFfbs Xmps Tãs Es58UYTRfT Y5EpíAmYT. ks m5Rf5Rs, TUf hpsm2f
é cYCYRfHf f UC ú5YEs vsJs m 5ãs Tm Jm5mpfcY2f hfpf sURpsT. 3mpYf fY5Hf CfYT YChpmTTYs5f5Rm Tm
RYAéTTmCsT UC hpsJpfCf fRUf5Hs mC 5íAmc Tsxpm-FUCf5s mC AápYsT vsJsT HYQmpm5RmT. 3YcAmp mR fc.
(odLe) mTRfxmcmEmpfC s sxvmRYAs Hm hpsHU2Yp UC hpsJpfCf 8Um Tm HmTRfEfTTm mC RpêT vsJsT
HYQmpm5RmT: SfHpm2, bs m 3FsJY. 3FsJY é UC vsJs vfhs5êT 8Um Tm fTTmCmcFf CUYRs fs SfHpm2 (Amvf f
tYJUpf o.N), Tó 8Um CfYT EsChcYEfHs (RmC CfYT hmçfT HYQmpm5RmT, m fT hmçfT EfhRUpfHfT hsHmC Tmp
pmURYcY2fHfT). tsY TsCm5Rm mC odL9 8Um gcCs (UC hpsJpfCf Hm Vw) HmppsRsU EfChmõmT FUCf5sT 5s
3FsJY (4sChURmp 3FsJY wTTsEYfRYs5, odL9).
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
Figura 2.4
Os estágios iniciais de um jogo de Shogi.
3YcAmp mR fc. (odLe) EpYfpfC, m5Rãs, s wchFfXmps, 8Um QsY m8UYhfHs EsC Es5FmEYCm5Rs Tsxpm fT
pmJpfT Hm EfHf vsJs. 4sCmçsU hpsHU2Y5Hs CsAYCm5RsT fcmfRópYsT, CfT TmU HmTmChm5Fs CmcFspsU
pfhYHfCm5Rm hsp CmYs Hs fhpm5HY2fHs hsp pmQspçs EsC s fURsvsJs. n wchFfXmps vsJsU CYc vsJsT Hm
SfHpm2 Es5Rpf s hpsJpfCf Hm Vw 3RsE6fiTF, Am5Em5Hs L00 vsJsT m hmpHm5Hs fhm5fT TmYT. lsJsU bs
Es5Rpf s wchFfbs Xmps, Am5Em5Hs GL% HsT vsJsT. tY5fcCm5Rm, Am5EmU WL% Hm TmUT vsJsT Es5Rpf s
gcCs, EfChmãs CU5HYfc Hm EsChURfHspmT mC odL9. Mm QspCf TUphpmm5Hm5Rm, s wchFfXmps hpmEYTsU
Hm fhm5fT fcJUCfT FspfTHm RpmY5fCm5Rs mC EfHf vsJs hfpf hpsHU2Yp mTTfT Es58UYTRfT
YChpmTTYs5f5RmT.
n wchFfXmps Es5RéC fT pmJpfT Hm RsHsT sT vsJsT 8Um mcm vsJf. VTTs Es5RpfTRf EsC s CU5Hs pmfc,
s5Hm fT HY5âCYEfT pmcmAf5RmT Hs fCxYm5Rm Tãs RYhYEfCm5Rm EsChcmSfT m HYQíEmYT Hm EfcEUcfp.
3EFpYRRPYmTmp mR fc. (odod) fxspHfpfC mTTf 8UmTRãs HmTm5AscAm5Hs s fcJspYRCs ZUXmps. gcm Tm
fTTmCmcFf fs wchFfXmps, CfT 5ãs é Qsp5mEYHs EsC fT pmJpfT HsT vsJsT 8Um vsJf.
n ZUXmps QsY RpmY5fHs hfpf vsJfp SfHpm2, bs, 3FsJY m 09 vsJsT Hm wRfpY Hs wpEfHm qmfp5Y5J
g5AYps5Cm5R. gcm Tm YJUfcsU fs HmTmChm5Fs Tsxpm-FUCf5s Hs wchFf2mps 5s SfHpm2 m 5s 3FsJY m
RmAm UC HmTmChm5Fs UC hsUEs TUhmpYsp fs Hs wchFfXmps 5s bs. wcéC HYTTs, TUhmpsU hpsJpfCfT Hm
Vw Hm úcRYCf Jmpfçãs mC No HsT 09 vsJsT Hs wRfpY.
wT HmTEsxmpRfT Hm 3EFpYRRPYmTmp mR fc. (odod) Tãs fT CfYT YChpmTTYs5f5RmT mC hmT8UYTfT Tsxpm Vw
m vsJsT EsChcmSsT, hsp AápYfT pf2õmT. gC hpYCmYps cUJfp, TmU fcJspYRCs é Jm5mpfcY2fHs f Gd vsJsT.
gTTm é UC Jpf5Hm fAf5çs mC pmcfçãs à CfYspYf HsT hpsJpfCfT f5RmpYspmT Hm Vw, 8Um RYAmpfC UC xsC
HmTmChm5Fs fhm5fT mC UC ú5YEs vsJs. gC TmJU5Hs cUJfp, RmC EfhfEYHfHm Hm EsChpmm5Hmp fT
pmJpfT TUxvfEm5RmT f CUYRsT vsJsT HYQmpm5RmT TmC 8Um fT Y5QspCfçõmT pmcmAf5RmT Rm5FfC TYHs
Qsp5mEYHfT. VTTs Qf2 EsC 8Um Rm5Ff CfYT hsRm5EYfc Hm Tmp fhcYEfHs f fCxYm5RmT Hs CU5Hs pmfc Hs 8Um
sT hpsJpfCfT Hm Vw Hm fRé m5Rãs.
PÔQUER
7fHpm2, bs m 3FsJY Tãs vsJsT Y5HYTEURYAmcCm5Rm EsChcmSsT. ZmTCs fTTYC, hsHmC Tmp Es5TYHmpfHsT
fpRYfiEYfYT, hsp8Um fhpmTm5RfC hpsxcmCfT CUYRs HYQmpm5RmT HsT m5Es5RpfHsT mC 5sTTfT AYHfT
EsRYHYf5fT. 7fHpm2, bs m 3FsJY Tãs vsJsT Hm Y5QspCfçãs hmpQmYRf (sU TYTRmCf QmEFfHs) – EfHf vsJfHsp
(sU UCf Cá8UY5f fcYCm5RfHf hsp Vw) RmC fEmTTs f Y5QspCfçõmT EsChcmRfT Tsxpm s mTRfHs hpmEYTs Hs
vsJs Hs Y5íEYs fs fiC. w AYHf pmfc 5spCfcCm5Rm é CUYRs HYQmpm5Rm. rsp mSmChcs, TUhs5Ff 8Um AsEê
mTRmvf 5mJsEYf5Hs UC fEspHs. jCf Es5FmEYHf mTRpfRéJYf Hm 5mJsEYfçãs é mTEs5Hmp Hf sURpf hmTTsf
sT fThmERsT YChspRf5RmT Hm TmU hm5TfCm5Rs. Mm QspCf CfYT Jmpfc, 8UfTm RsHfT fT 5sTTfT RsCfHfT Hm
HmEYTãs m pmTscUçõmT Hm hpsxcmCfT Tãs xfTmfHfT mC Y5QspCfçõmT fhm5fT hfpEYfYT.
bfppK OfThfpsA fEmYRsU f TUhmpYspYHfHm Hf Vw mC pmcfçãs fsT TYTRmCfT QmEFfHsT. ks m5Rf5Rs,
mcm 5ãs fEpmHYRfAf 8Um mTTf TUhmpYspYHfHm Tm fhcYEfpYf Qspf HsT TYTRmCfT QmEFfHsT: “yUfc8Ump EsYTf
8Um Tmvf 8Uf5RYfiEáAmc (EsCs mC TYTRmCfT QmEFfHsT), fT Cá8UY5fT Qfpãs CmcFsp Hs 8Um sT FUCf5sT,
CfT 5ãs HmAmCsT TUhsp 8Um Tm hsHmpYf Rpf5TQmpYp s Es5FmEYCm5Rs Hs TYTRmCf QmEFfHs hfpf UC
TYTRmCf fxmpRs”.
n QfRs Hm 8Um SfHpm2, bs m 3FsJY TmvfC vsJsT EsC Y5QspCfçãs hmpQmYRf (sU TYTRmCf QmEFfHs) Qf2
EsC 8Um fT Es58UYTRfT Hf Vw mC Am5Emp sT hpY5EYhfYT mThmEYfcYTRfT FUCf5sT 5mTTmT vsJsT Tmvf Cm5sT
YChpmTTYs5f5Rm. 3mpá 8Um f Vw hsHmpYf HmppsRfp shs5m5RmT FUCf5sT Hm hpYCmYpf EcfTTm mC vsJsT EsC
Y5QspCfçãs YChmpQmYRf, s5Hm Y5QspCfçõmT fcRfCm5Rm pmcmAf5RmT mTRãs mTEs5HYHfT? rô8Ump é UC vsJs
CUYRs EsChcmSs m EsC Y5QspCfçãs YChmpQmYRf. IsHsT sT xs5T vsJfHspmT xcmQfC àT Am2mT (fhsTRf5Hs
EsC EfpRfT Hm Afcsp xfYSs, mRE.). bf5Ffp 5s hô8Ump m5AscAm UTfp mTRpfRéJYfT EsChcmSfT hfpf 8Um TmU
shs5m5Rm (FUCf5s sU Vw) 5ãs TfYxf Tm AsEê RmC UCf xsf Cãs sU Tm mTRá xcmQf5Hs.
n 8Um é UCf mSEmcm5Rm mTRpfRéJYf 5s CsCm5Rs RL hsHm Tm Rsp5fp UCf mTRpfRéJYf RmppíAmc 5s
CsCm5Rs Ro, Tm TmUT shs5m5RmT HmTEsxpYpmC f TUf mTRpfRéJYf. wTTYC, 5ãs Fá UCf mTRpfRéJYf fiSf hfpf
Jf5Ffp 5s hô8Ump – s TUEmTTs Hmhm5Hm Hm pmThs5Hmp fHm8UfHfCm5Rm àT Y5RmpfçõmT EsChcmSfT m5Rpm
sT vsJfHspmT.
jCf EsChmRYçãs Hm hô8Ump m5Rpm EépmxpsT FUCf5sT m Vw CUYRs HYAUcJfHf sEsppmU mC vf5mYps
Hm odL9 (apsP5 & 3f5HFscC, odLe). nT FUCf5sT QspfC pmhpmTm5RfHsT hsp 8UfRps hpsfiTTYs5fYT Hm
hô8Ump Hm HmTRf8Um: (L) lfTs5 qmT; (o) lYCCK 4FsU; (i) Mf5Ymc ZEwUcfK m (N) Ms5J OYC. w Vw QsY
pmhpmTm5RfHf hsp qYxpfRUT (8Um TYJ5YfiEf m8UYcYxpfHs m AYJspsTs), 8Um vsJsU Es5Rpf sT vsJfHspmT Hm
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
hô8Ump, UC Hm EfHf Am2. V5YEYfcCm5Rm, qYxpfRUT pmEmxmU fT pmJpfT Hs hô8Ump. MmhsYT HYTTs, vsJsU
cYRmpfcCm5Rm RpYcFõmT Hm vsJsT m CmcFspsU Hm QspCf hpsJpmTTYAf TmU hfHpãs Hm vsJs hsp CmYs Hm
fhpm5HY2fHs hsp pmQspçs (pmEsChm5Tf).
kf hfpRYHf mC TY, qYxpfRUT fhpm5HmU CUYRs Tsxpm fT mTRpfRéJYfT URYcY2fHfT hmcsT 8UfRps
vsJfHspmT FUCf5sT. jC QfRs YChspRf5Rm é 8Um, 5s fi5fc Hs vsJs Hm EfHf HYf, mpfC YHm5RYfiEfHsT
hfHpõmT Hm fhsTRfT 5s mTRYcs Hm vsJs Hm qYxpfRUT 8Um FfAYfC TYHs HmRmERfHsT hmcsT vsJfHspmT
FUCf5sT. qYxpfRUT mpf, m5Rãs, pmhpsJpfCfHs hfpf mcYCY5fp mTTmT hfHpõmT, Rsp5f5Hs HYQíEYc hfpf sT
vsJfHspmT FUCf5sT HYTRY5JUYpmC 8Uf5Hs mcm mTRfAf xcmQf5Hs.
IsHsT sT 8UfRps vsJfHspmT FUCf5sT hmpHmpfC hfpf qYxpfRUT, 8Um Jf5FsU Hm QspCf pmRUCxf5Rm
hsp j3$ L.9GG.o0d. Ms5J OYC HYTTm: “gU 5ãs RY5Ff hmpEmxYHs s 8Uãs xsC mcm (qYxpfRUT) mpf fRé Fsvm.
3m5RY EsCs Tm mTRYAmTTm vsJf5Hs Es5Rpf fcJUéC 8Um mTRfAf RpfhfEmf5Hs, EsCs Tm hUHmTTm Amp CY5FfT
EfpRfT”. yUf5Hs hmpJU5RfHs Tsxpm s 8Um RY5Ff HfHs EmpRs hfpf sT hpsfiTTYs5fYT Hm hô8Ump, mcm HYTTm:
“wEFs 8Um s 8Um HmU EmpRs QsY... C***f... kóT RsCfCsT UCf TUppf m Rf5Rs.”
n RpYU5Qs Hm qYxpfRUT QsY fcEf5çfHs mC vsJsT Es5Rpf fhm5fT UC sURps vsJfHsp Hm EfHf Am2. 3mpYf
CfYT YChpmTTYs5f5Rm Tm UC TYTRmCf Hm Vw hUHmTTm Am5Emp AápYsT vsJfHspmT FUCf5sT fs CmTCs
RmChs. 3m5Hs fTTYC, UCf AmpTãs CmcFspfHf Hs qYxpfRUT EFfCfHf rcUpYxUT QsY hpsHU2YHf. rcUpYxUT
fAfcYf TUfT shçõmT hmT8UYTf5Hs fcJU5T CsAYCm5RsT à Qpm5Rm, m58Uf5Rs qYxpfRUT Tó Es5TYHmpf TUfT
shçõmT 5s fi5fc Hs vsJs. rcUpYxUT RfCxéC RmC fcJspYRCsT CfYT páhYHsT (hpsEmHYCm5RsT
EsChURfEYs5fYT xmC Hmfi5YHsT) m é JmpfcCm5Rm CfYT mfiEYm5Rm (mSYJm hsUEf EfhfEYHfHm Hm
hpsEmTTfCm5Rs m CmCópYf).
rcUpYxUT vsJsU Ld CYc CãsT. IsHsT sT HYfT, mcm vsJfAf Es5Rpf EY5Es vsJfHspmT hpsfiTTYs5fYT;
RsHsT mcmT Rm5Hs Jf5FfHs CfYT Hm j3$ L CYcFãs vsJf5Hs hô8Ump. rcUpYxUT RpYU5QsU (apsP5 &
3f5HFscC, odLW). 3Uhs5Hs 8Um EfHf fiEFf Hm hô8Ump Afcm j3$ L, rcUpYxUT RmpYf Jf5FfHs
fhpsSYCfHfCm5Rm j3$ L CYc hsp Fspf! MmhsYT HYTTs, EY5Es EóhYfT Hm rcUpYxUT vsJfpfC UCf Es5Rpf f
sURpf CfYT UC vsJfHsp hpsfiTTYs5fc Hm hs5Rf (Mfppm5 gcYfT sU 4FpYT “lmTUT” tmpJUTs5). Mfppm5 gcYfT
(5fTEYHs mC LWeG) Jf5FsU CfYT Hm j3$ 9 CYcFõmT vsJf5Hs hô8Ump. 4FpYT tmpJUTs5 (5fTEYHs mC
LWGi) RmC CfYT Hm j3$ e CYcFõmT mC Jf5FsT EsC hô8Ump (Amvf f tYJUpf o.0). 3mU fhmcYHs é “lmTUT”
hsp EfUTf Hm TmUT cs5JsT EfxmcsT EfTRf5FsT m xfpxf. gcm RmC UCf fhfpê5EYf Hmfi5YHf 8Uf5Hs vsJf
hô8Ump, 5spCfcCm5Rm UTf5Hs UC EFfhéU Hm fxfT cfpJfT m óEUcsT Hm Tsc m hmpCf5mEm5Hs YCóAmc. 3mU
RpU8Um é vsJfp fT EfpRfT Rãs páhYHs 8Um Es5TmJUm EspRfp xf5f5fT m fRé CmcõmT EsC mcfT. rcUpYxUT
Am5EmU sT HsYT hpsfiTTYs5fYT. 3Uhs5Hs 8Um EfHf fiEFf Hm hô8Ump AfcYf j3$ L, rcUpYxUT Jf5FsU
fhpsSYCfHfCm5Rm j3$ G9d hsp Fspf.
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
Figura 2.5
Fotografia do ilustre jogador de pôquer Chris “Jesus” Ferguson.
rsp 8Um sT CmcFspmT vsJfHspmT Hm hô8Ump Hs CU5Hs 5ãs Es5TmJUYpfC Am5Emp f Vw? Mm fEspHs
EsC lfTs5 qmT, “gcm (qYxpfRUT) é UC xcmQfHsp CUYRs CfYT mfiEYm5Rm Hs 8Um f CfYspYf HsT FUCf5sT. w
TYRUfçãs é TmChpm Hm UCf Rs5mcfHf Hm hpmTTãs 8Um f Vw mTRá EscsEf5Hs Tsxpm AsEê, fcéC Hf fcRf
hpsxfxYcYHfHm Hm mcf mTRfp xcmQf5Hs”. Mm fEspHs EsC 4FpYT tmpJUTs5, “4sCs FUCf5sT, Rm5HmCsT f
TYChcYfiEfp HmCfYT s vsJs hfpf 5óT CmTCsT, Rsp5f5Hs fT mTRpfRéJYfT CfYT QáEmYT Hm fHsRfp m cmCxpfp.
n xsR [sU Tmvf, qYxpfRUT] 5ãs hmJf 5m5FUC HmTTmT fRfcFsT m RmC UCf [mTRpfRéJYf TUxvfEm5Rm]
YCm5TfCm5Rm EsChcYEfHf”.
Mfppm5 gcYfT fpJUCm5RsU 8Um s CfYsp RpU5Qs Hm rcUpYxUT é “TUf EfhfEYHfHm Hm UTfp mTRpfRéJYfT
CYTRfT Hm Cf5mYpf fcmfRópYf, m Qf2ê-cs Hm QspCf Es5TYTRm5Rm. w CfYspYf HfT hmTTsfT 5ãs Es5TmJUm”.
4sCs pmTUcRfHs, fT HmEYTõmT Hf Vw CUYRfT Am2mT HYQmpmC HfT Hf CfYspYf HsT vsJfHspmT Hm hô8Ump
FUCf5sT. rsp mSmChcs, f Vw àT Am2mT Qf2 HmTEs5EmpRf5RmT m m5spCmT TUhmpsQmpRfT(fhsTRf5Hs fRé od
Am2mT f 8Uf5RYHfHm Hm HY5FmYps 5s hsRm, hsp mSmChcs). VTTs hsHm Tmp CUYRs mfiEf2 Tm AsEê RYAmp UCf
Cãs CUYRs hsHmpsTf sU CUYRs QpfEf. qYxpfRUT m rcUpYxUT RfCxéC hpsHU2YpfC CUYRfT TUxfhsTRfT
TUphpmm5Hm5RmT (hsp mSmChcs, fhsTRf5Hs Ld% sU Cm5sT Hs HY5FmYps 5s hsRm).
rsp fiC, s HmTmChm5Fs HsT vsJfHspmT Hm hô8Ump àT Am2mT é hpmvUHYEfHs hmcf mCsçãs. w Jpf5Hm
CfYspYf HsT vsJfHspmT Hm hô8Ump fHCYRm 8Um àT Am2mT é fEsCmRYHf hmcs RYcR, s 8Um TYJ5YfiEf 8Um fT
mCsçõmT 5mJfRYAfT mShmpYCm5RfHfT HUpf5Rm s vsJs Qf2mC EsC 8Um mcmT hmpEfC s Es5Rpscm m RsCmC
HmEYTõmT pUY5T (rfcsCä6Y mR fc., odod). gYc m qYm5 (odLN) mTRUHfpfC CYcFõmT Hm CãsT vsJfHfT s5-cY5m
hsp vsJfHspmT mShmpYm5RmT sU CUYRs mShmpYm5RmT 5s hô8Ump. whmTfp Hm TUf mShmpYê5EYf, mcmT
5spCfcCm5Rm vsJfAfC Hm QspCf CfYT fJpmTTYAf (fhsTRf5Hs m fUCm5Rf5Hs EsC CfYT Qpm8Uê5EYf)
8Uf5Hs hmpHYfC, HmAYHs à TUf fcRf Tm5TYxYcYHfHm àT hmpHfT. gTTf mTRpfRéJYf 5ãs é CUYRs xsf m, CUYRfT
Am2mT, cmAf f Jpf5HmT hmpHfT.
gC TUCf, qYxpfRUT m rcUpYxUT m5TY5fpfC AápYfT cYçõmT fsT vsJfHspmT hpsfiTTYs5fYT Hm hô8Ump.
g5TY5fpfC 8Um Tm HmAm CUHfp Es5TRf5RmCm5Rm f mTRpfRéJYf Hm fhsTRfT hfpf 8Um sURpsT vsJfHspmT 5ãs
Es5TYJfC HmTEsxpYp Tm AsEê mTRá xcmQf5Hs. wcéC HYTTs, qYxpfRUT m rcUpYxUT Tãs RsRfcCm5Rm
HmThpmsEUhfHsT mC pmcfçãs f HY5FmYps, m f mCsçãs 5ãs Y5flUm5EYf TUfT RsCfHfT Hm HmEYTãs. Mm
CsHs Es5RpápYs, sT FUCf5sT fEFfC HYQíEYc 5ãs HmCs5TRpfp mCsçõmT m HmTEs5TYHmpfp fT YChcYEfçõmT
fi5f5EmYpfT Hm TUfT HmEYTõmT. Mm QspCf CfYT hmTTYCYTRf, s QfRs Hm sT TYTRmCfT Hm Vw hsHmpmC
fpCf2m5fp m hpsEmTTfp CUYRs CfYT Y5QspCfçõmT Hs 8Um sT vsJfHspmT Hm hô8Ump FUCf5sT
hpsAfAmcCm5Rm TYJ5YfiEf 8Um 5ãs Fá EsCs sT FUCf5sT Es5TYTRm5RmCm5Rm Am5Eê-csT 5s hô8Ump.
JEOPARDY!
lmshfpHK! é UC JfCm TFsP fCmpYEf5s CUYRs hshUcfp. nT vsJfHspmT pmEmxmC hYTRfT 5f QspCf Hm
pmThsTRfT m HmAmC Y5HYEfp 8Ufc hmpJU5Rf hpsHU2YpYf Rfc pmThsTRf. rsp mSmChcs, f hYTRf hsHm Tmp: “n
Cs5TRps, Cs5RfHs f hfpRYp Hm EfHáAmpmT, Hs cYAps Hm ZfpK 3FmccmK, 8Um Tm AscRf Es5Rpf TmU EpYfHsp”.
w pmThsTRf EsppmRf é: “yUmC mpf tpf56m5TRmY5?”. kf CfYsp hfpRm Hs RmChs, s hfpRYEYhf5Rm 8Um
hpmTTYs5f TUf EfChfY5Ff hpYCmYps, HmhsYT Hm f hYTRf Rmp TYHs cYHf, é 8UmC RmC f EFf5Em Hm Hfp f
pmThsTRf EsppmRf. 3sCm5Rm Tm mcm Hmp UCf pmThsTRf Y5EsppmRf é 8Um sURps hfpRYEYhf5Rm Rmpá f
shspRU5YHfHm Hm Hfp f pmThsTRf.
gC odLL, UC TYTRmCf Hm Vw Hf VaZ EFfCfHs 1fRTs5 (mC FsCm5fJmC fs QU5HfHsp Hf mChpmTf,
IFsCfT 1fRTs5) EsChmRYU Es5Rpf HsYT HsT CmcFspmT Es5Esppm5RmT FUCf5sT Hm RsHsT sT RmChsT. jC
HmcmT mpf apfH BURRmp (ii f5sT), 8Um xfRmU s pmEspHm Jmpfc EsC 9N AYRópYfT Es5TmEURYAfT 5s
hpsJpfCf. n sURps hfpRYEYhf5Rm FUCf5s mpf Om5 lm55Y5JT (i9 f5sT), 8Um Jf5FsU CfYT HY5FmYps 5s
lmshfpHK! Hs 8Um 8Ufc8Ump sURpf hmTTsf (j3$ i,0 CYcFõmT).
n vsJs sEsppmU mC RpêT 5sYRmT Es5TmEURYAfT (LN f LG Hm QmAmpmYps Hm odLL). kf hpYCmYpf 5sYRm,
1fRTs5 m apfH BURRmp Jf5FfpfC j3$ 0 CYc m mTRfAfC à Qpm5Rm Hm Om5 lm55Y5JT, 8Um mTRfAf Hmfi5Ff5Hs
mC j3$ o CYc. w TmJU5Hf 5sYRm QsY HpfCáRYEf, 8Uf5Hs 1fRTs5 TUhmpsU RsRfcCm5Rm TmUT pYAfYT
FUCf5sT – s EsChURfHsp RmpCY5sU f 5sYRm EsC j3$ i0.9iN, m58Uf5Rs TmUT pYAfYT FUCf5sT RY5FfC
fhm5fT j3$ Ld,N CYc (BURRmp) m j3$ N,e CYc (lm55Y5JT). 1fRTs5 fChcYsU TUf cYHmpf5çf 5f RmpEmYpf
5sYRm, RmpCY5f5Hs EsC j3$ 99.LN9 Es5Rpf j3$ oN CYc Hm lm55Y5JT m j3$ oL,G CYc Hm BURRmp.
rsp 8Um 1fRTs5 RpYU5QsU Tsxpm lm55Y5JT m BURRmp? Dá AápYfT pf2õmT. 1fRTs5 TUhsTRfCm5Rm hsHm
hpsEmTTfp 0dd JYJfxKRmT Hm Y5QspCfçõmT hsp TmJU5Hs (s m8UYAfcm5Rm f L CYcFãs Hm cYApsT), s 8Um Tm
Es5TYHmpf úRYc mC UC vsJs Hm Es5FmEYCm5RsT JmpfYT. wcéC HYTTs, mcm RY5Ff fEmTTs f odd CYcFõmT Hm
háJY5fT Hm Y5QspCfçõmT, Y5EcUY5Hs RsHf f 1Y6YhéHYf. IfCxéC, mcm FfAYf hpfRYEfHs vsJf5Hs Ldd
vsJsT Es5Rpf Am5EmHspmT f5RmpYspmT. Om5 lm55Y5JT fpJUCm5RsU 8Um UC QfRsp EpUEYfc mpf f “FfxYcYHfHm
Hf EfChfY5Ff” Hm 1fRTs5 – s EsChURfHsp CUYRfT Am2mT xfRYf EsC mSRpmCf AmcsEYHfHm 5f
EfChfY5Ff, hfpf Y5HYEfp 8Um pmThs5HmpYf f UCf hmpJU5Rf.
nT QmYRsT Hm 1fRTs5 Tãs Cm5sT YChpmTTYs5f5RmT Hs 8Um hfpmEmC. gcm àT Am2mT mpf CUYRs
Y5Tm5TíAmc f TURYcm2fT Hf hmpJU5Rf m, fTTYC, HfAf pmThsTRfT Y5mSfRfT. gYT UC mSmChcs. w EfRmJspYf mpf
“RmEcfT Hm EsChURfHsp”, m f hYTRf mpf: “jCf AmTRYCm5Rf TscRf hm5HUpfHf 5sT sCxpsT Y5Hs fRé fxfYSs
Hf EY5RUpf”. 1fRTs5 pmThs5HmU, Y5EsppmRfCm5Rm: “n 8Um é UCf EFmCYTm?”. w pmThsTRf EsppmRf é: “n 8Um
é UC AmTRYHs TFYQR?”.[kI] gTTm mpps EpíRYEs (m FfAYf CUYRsT CfYT) CsTRpf 8Um 1fRTs5 RY5Ff UC
m5Rm5HYCm5Rs cY5JUíTRYEs CUYRs cYCYRfHs (sU Y5mSYTRm5Rm) (HYTEURYHs CfYT fHYf5Rm 5s 4fhíRUcs 9).
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
4sCs Cm5EYs5fHs, Jpf5Hm hfpRm Hs TUEmTTs Hm 1fRTs5 mpf fRpYxUíHs à TUf AmcsEYHfHm mC
fEYs5fp f EfChfY5Ff, 5ãs f TmU Es5FmEYCm5Rs TUhmpYsp. 1fRTs5 QsY hpsJpfCfHs hfpf fEYs5fp f
EfChfY5Ff mC fhm5fT Ld CYcYTTmJU5HsT (CUYRs CfYT páhYHs Hs 8Um 8Ufc8Ump FUCf5s). rsp
mSmChcs, s AmcsEYTRf jTfY5 ascR cmAf fhpsSYCfHfCm5Rm L9d CYcYTTmJU5HsT hfpf pmThs5Hmp à fpCf
5s Y5íEYs Hm UCf EsppYHf. w Y5EpíAmc AmcsEYHfHm Hm 1fRTs5 mpf mThmEYfcCm5Rm Af5RfvsTf 8Uf5Hs
RsHsT sT EsChmRYHspmT TfxYfC f pmThsTRf hfpf UCf hYTRf mC hfpRYEUcfp. 4sCs fT hmpJU5RfT mpfC
TYChcmT, JmpfcCm5Rm mpf mTTm s EfTs.
CAPACIDADE LINGUÍSTICA
w Y5RmcYJê5EYf FUCf5f mTRá cYJfHf fs 5sTTs EsCf5Hs Hf cY5JUfJmC (Amvf sT 4fhíRUcsT L, N m 9). w
CfYsp hfpRm Hs 5sTTs hm5TfCm5Rs (m f EsCU5YEfçãs Hm 5sTTsT hm5TfCm5RsT fsT sURpsT) Hmhm5Hm Hf
cY5JUfJmC. w cY5JUfJmC é UTfHf hfpf CUYRsT fi5T: EsChpmm5Hmp f cí5JUf QfcfHf (pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs sU
hmpEmhçãs Hf Qfcf), m5Rm5Hmp f cY5JUfJmC mTEpYRf (cmYRUpf), Qfcfp EsC sURpfT hmTTsfT, RpfHU2Yp RmSRsT
Hm UC YHYsCf hfpf sURps m mTEpmAmp RmSRsT (m-CfYcT m m5TfYsT, m5Rpm sURpsT). gC AYTRf Hm TUf
YChspRâ5EYf, TmpYf UCf Jpf5Hm Es58UYTRf hfpf f Vw HsCY5fp 8Ufc8Ump UCf HfT EfhfEYHfHmT
cY5JUíTRYEfT FUCf5fT fEYCf. w8UY, QsEfCsT 5f hmT8UYTf 8Um fhfpm5RmCm5Rm Qsp5mEm mAYHê5EYfT hfpf
Rfc Es58UYTRf.
RECONHECIMENTO DE FALA
n pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf hfpmEm pmcfRYAfCm5Rm TYChcmT. rsp mSmChcs, fs Es5AmpTfp EsC UC fCYJs,
AsEê 5spCfcCm5Rm m5Rm5Hm Hm YCmHYfRs s 8Um mcm mTRá HY2m5Hs. 4s5RUHs, f AmpHfHm é 8Um s
pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf é UCf Es58UYTRf YChpmTTYs5f5Rm. nT Qfcf5RmT EsTRUCfC hpsHU2Yp EmpEf Hm Ld
Qs5mCfT (Ts5T xáTYEsT Hm Qfcf) hsp TmJU5Hs, m CUYRfT Y5QspCfçõmT fEúTRYEfT Tãs hmpHYHfT mC 0d
CYcYTTmJU5HsT (BmCm2 mR fc., odLd). wTTYC, sT sUAY5RmT hpmEYTfC hpsEmTTfp s TY5fc Hm Qfcf pmEmxYHs
CUYRs pfhYHfCm5Rm.
nURpf EsChcYEfçãs m5Qpm5RfHf hmcsT sUAY5RmT é f TmJCm5Rfçãs – Tmhfpfp sU HYTRY5JUYp Qs5mCfT m
hfcfApfT Hs hfHpãs HsT Ts5T Hf Qfcf. w CfYspYf HfT QfcfT RmC hsUEsT hmpísHsT Hm TYcê5EYs, EsCs AsEê
hpsAfAmcCm5Rm vá 5sRsU fs sUAYp fcJUéC Qfcf5Hs mC UCf cí5JUf mTRpf5JmYpf. VTTs Rsp5f HYQíEYc
HmEYHYp 8Uf5Hs UCf hfcfApf RmpCY5f m f hpóSYCf EsCmçf. nT sUAY5RmT RfCxéC RêC 8Um cYHfp EsC f
EsfpRYEUcfçãs: f QspCf EsCs sT Qfcf5RmT hps5U5EYfC UC HmRmpCY5fHs Qs5mCf é Y5flUm5EYfHf hmcf
hpsHUçãs Hs TsC f5RmpYsp m f hpmhfpfçãs hfpf sT hpóSYCsT Ts5T. rsp mSmChcs, mC Y5JcêT s Qs5mCf
/x/ é hps5U5EYfHs Hm QspCf UC hsUEs HYQmpm5Rm mC hfcfApfT, EsCs xYcc, xfcc m fxcm (DfpcmK, odLd).
rsp fiC, sT sUAY5RmT hpmEYTfC cYHfp EsC HYQmpm5çfT Es5TYHmpáAmYT m5Rpm sT Qfcf5RmT. Dá
HYQmpm5çfT EfpfERmpíTRYEfT m5Rpm sT Jê5mpsT, m sT Qfcf5RmT RfCxéC HYQmpmC mC pmcfçãs fs HYfcmRs m à
AmcsEYHfHm Hm Qfcf.
w CfYspYf HsT TYTRmCfT fURsCáRYEsT Hm pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf (wcmSf, Hf wCf2s5; 3YpY, Hf
whhcm; m f hmT8UYTf hsp As2 Hs bssJcm, mRE.) UTfC Hmmh cmfp5Y5J (HYTEURYHs 5s 4fhíRUcs L) (4UY mR fc.,
odod). gcmT 5spCfcCm5Rm mSYJmC m5spCmT 8Uf5RYHfHmT Hm HfHsT Hm Qfcf Hm RpmY5fCm5Rs (Hm2m5fT Hm
CYcFfpmT Hm FspfT sU CfYT). Mm QfRs, sT HfHsT Hm Qfcf Hm RpmY5fCm5Rs àT Am2mT EFmJfC f L CYcFãs Hm
FspfT (rfpRFfTfpfRFY mR fc., odLW). VTTs m8UYAfcm f fcJUéC sUAY5Hs UC HYTEUpTs TmC hfpfp oN FspfT
hsp HYf, 9 HYfT hsp TmCf5f HUpf5Rm LLN f5sT! w pmJpf Hm sUps hfpmEm Tmp 8Um “8Uf5Rs CfYT HfHsT,
CmcFsp.”
w CfYspYf HsT CsHmcsT Hm pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf Y5EcUYsT TmJUY5RmT EsChs5m5RmT (wxHUccfF
mR fc., odod). rpYCmYps, Fá s hpé-hpsEmTTfCm5Rs Hs TY5fc fEúTRYEs hfpf pmCsAmp pUíHsT
HmT5mEmTTápYsT. MmhsYT HYTTs, UC TYTRmCf Hm mSRpfçãs Hm pmEUpTsT hpsEmTTf fT EfpfERmpíTRYEfT CfYT
YChspRf5RmT Hs TY5fc Hm Qfcf. gC TmJUYHf, UC hpsEmTTs Y5Qmpm5EYfc fRpYxUY hpsxfxYcYHfHmT f
HYQmpm5RmT Y5RmphpmRfçõmT Hf m5RpfHf Hf Qfcf. 4sCs mTTf TfíHf 5ãs hsHm Tmp cYHf hsp FUCf5sT, mcf
hfTTf hsp UC hpsEmTTs fi5fc Hm HmEsHYfiEfçãs hfpf pmTUcRfp mC UCf Rpf5TEpYçãs cmJíAmc hsp
FUCf5sT.
7Ys5J mR fc. (odL9x) pmcfRfpfC hmT8UYTfT Hm pmQmpê5EYf Hf ZYEpsTsQR, 8Um UTfC UC TYTRmCf
fURsCfRY2fHs Hm pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf Hm Hmmh cmfp5Y5J. gcmT fhpmTm5RfpfC mTRm TYTRmCf Hm Vw EsC
HsYT RYhsT Hm EFfCfHfT RmcmQô5YEfT JpfAfHfT: (L) mTRpf5FsT HYTEURY5Hs UC RóhYEs fRpYxUíHs (RfpmQf
3PYREFxsfpH) m (o) fCYJsT m QfCYcYfpmT Rm5Hs Es5AmpTfT Y5QspCfYT (RfpmQf 4fccDsCm). n TYTRmCf Hm Vw
RmAm UCf RfSf Hm mpps Hm 0,e% 5f RfpmQf 3PYREFxsfpH m Hm LL% 5f RfpmQf 4fccDsCm. gTTfT RfSfT Hm
mpps QspfC UC hsUEs Y5QmpYspmT àT fcEf5çfHfT hmcsT Rpf5TEpYRspmT hpsfiTTYs5fYT Hf cí5JUf QfcfHf
(0,W% m LL,i%, pmThmERYAfCm5Rm). n TYTRmCf Hm Vw m sT FUCf5sT EsCmRmpfC mppsT CUYRs TmCmcFf5RmT:
sT hfpRYEYhf5RmT FUCf5sT fEFfpfC HYQíEYc HYTRY5JUYp m5Rpm Rpf5TEpYçõmT Es5Rm5Hs mppsT hpsHU2YHfT
hsp FUCf5sT m hmcs TYTRmCf Hm Vw.
7Ys5J mR fc. (odLe) HmTm5AscAmpfC hsTRmpYspCm5Rm TmU TYTRmCf Hm pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf
fURsCáRYEs Hf ZYEpsTsQR (fUCm5Rf5Hs s AsEfxUcápYs Hs TYTRmCf Hm Vw Hm id,0 CYc hfpf LG0 CYc
hfcfApfT). 4sCs pmTUcRfHs, TUf RfSf Hm mppsT 5f RfpmQf 3PYREFxsfpH QsY Hm fhm5fT 0,L% mC
EsChfpfçãs EsC sT 0,e% sxRYHsT EsC f AmpTãs f5RmpYsp.
3fs5 mR fc. (odL9) fAfcYfpfC s HmTmChm5Fs Hm TmU TYTRmCf Hm pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf
fURsCáRYEs VaZ 5fT CmTCfT RfpmQfT Hm Rpf5TEpYçãs UTfHfT hsp 7Ys5J mR fc. (odL9x, odLe). gcm
fcEf5çsU RfSfT Hm mppsT Hm 0,0% 5f RfpmQf 3PYREFxsfpH m Hm Ld,i% 5fT RfpmQfT 4fccDsCm. gTTfT
HmTEsxmpRfT hfpmEmC YChpmTTYs5f5RmT, mThmEYfcCm5Rm fT Hf RfpmQf 4fccDsCm. ks m5Rf5Rs, Es5TYHmpm s
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
HmTmChm5Fs Hm RpêT mThmEYfcYTRfT mC Rpf5TEpYçãs FUCf5f 8Um “QspfC Es5AYHfHsT f Qf2mp UC
RpfxfcFs Hm fcRf 8UfcYHfHm” (h. Li0). 3UfT RfSfT CéHYfT Hm mpps QspfC Hm 0,9% 5f RfpmQf 3PYREFxsfpH
m 9,W% 5f RfpmQf 4fccDsCm.
gC TUCf, s HmTmChm5Fs HsT TYTRmCfT fURsCáRYEsT Hm pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf é mSEmcm5Rm, HfHf
f 5fRUpm2f TmC pmTRpYçõmT Hf Qfcf FUCf5f. rspéC, f hmT8UYTf f8UY HYTEURYHf m5AscAmU RfpmQfT
pmcfRYAfCm5Rm TYChcmT, EsC fhm5fT UC ú5YEs Qfcf5Rm hsp Am2 m mAYRf5Hs EsChcmSYHfHmT (EsCs
HYQmpm5RmT HYfcmRsT). n 8Um fEs5RmEm EsC RfpmQfT CfYT EsChcmSfT Hm pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf é
HYTEURYHs 5sT 4fhíRUcsT N m 9.
CONVERSAS
Zf5Rmp UCf Es5AmpTf pm8Ump UC xsC pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm Qfcf m f EfhfEYHfHm Hm hpsHU2Yp UCf
cY5JUfJmC QfcfHf Esmpm5Rm m fhpshpYfHf. tspfC HmTm5AscAYHsT CUYRsT EFfRxsRT (TYTRmCfT Hm Vw
TYCUcf5Hs Es5AmpTfT EsC UC sU CfYT FUCf5sT). wcf5 IUpY5J (LW0d) fpJUCm5RsU 8Um hsHmpífCsT
fAfcYfp fT FfxYcYHfHmT Hm Es5AmpTf HsT EFfRxsRT UTf5Hs TmU QfCsTs RmTRm Hm IUpY5J. gcm HYTTm: “w
YHmYf Hs RmTRm é 8Um UCf Cá8UY5f Rm5Rf Tm hfTTfp hsp FUCf5s, pmThs5Hm5Hs hmpJU5RfT QmYRfT f mcf, m
Tó Tmpá fhpsAfHf Tm f TYCUcfçãs Qsp pf2sfAmcCm5Rm Es5AY5Em5Rm. jCf hfpEmcf Es5TYHmpáAmc Hm UC
vúpY, 8Um 5ãs HmAm Tmp mThmEYfcYTRf mC Cá8UY5fT, HmAm Tmp m5Jf5fHs hmcs fi5JYCm5Rs” (4shmcf5H
oddN).
tsY fcmJfHs mC AápYfT sEfTYõmT 8Um sT EFfRxsRT hfTTfpfC 5s RmTRm Hm IUpY5J. rsp mSmChcs,
fEs5RmEmU UC mAm5Rs 5f BsKfc 3sEYmRK mC G m 9 Hm vU5Fs Hm odLN. jC EFfRxsR EFfCfHs gUJm5m
bssTRCf5 (TUhsTRfCm5Rm UC UEpf5Yf5s Hm Li f5sT) Es5Am5EmU Ld HsT id vUí2mT FUCf5sT (ii%) Hm
8Um mpf FUCf5s (1fpPYE6 & 3FfF, odLG). 4s5RUHs, s QfRs Hm G9% HsT vUí2mT 5ãs fEpmHYRfpmC 8Um
gUJm5m bssTRCf5 mpf FUCf5s Y5HYEf 8Um TUfT FfxYcYHfHmT Hm Es5AmpTfçãs mpfC mTRpYRfCm5Rm
cYCYRfHfT. nURpfT pf2õmT hfpf s EmRYEYTCs Tsxpm fT FfxYcYHfHmT HsT EFfRxsRT Tãs HYTEURYHfT 5s
4fhíRUcs N.
COMPREENSÃO DE TEXTO: LEITURA
w mTEpYRf Hm RmSRsT é CUYRs CfYT cm5Rf m EsChcmSf Hs 8Um f Qfcf (EsCs AsEê hpsAfAmcCm5Rm vá Tm5RYU
5f hmcm!). 4sCs pmTUcRfHs, CUYRfT Am2mT é CfYT HYQíEYc hfpf cmYRspmT EsChpmm5Hmp RmSRsT Hs 8Um hfpf
sUAY5RmT m5Rm5Hmp f Qfcf. rsp YTTs, HmTm5AscAmp UC TYTRmCf EsC UCf xsf EsChpmm5Tãs Hm RmSRsT
EsChcmSsT é s 3f5Rs bpffc 5f hmT8UYTf Hm Vw.
1f5J mR fc. (odLe) Y5RpsHU2YpfC UCf xfRmpYf Hm 5sAm RfpmQfT Hm EsChpmm5Tãs Hm cmYRUpf hfpf
EsChURfHspmT EFfCfHf bcUm (Hs Y5JcêT bm5mpfc qf5JUfJm j5HmpTRf5HY5J gAfcUfRYs5 – mC hspRUJUêT,
“fAfcYfçãs Jmpfc Hf EsChpmm5Tãs Hf cY5JUfJmC”) hfpf fAfcYfp fT FfxYcYHfHmT Hm EsChpmm5Tãs Hf
cY5JUfJmC HsT CsHmcsT Hm Vw. yUfRps RfpmQfT fAfcYfpfC f EfhfEYHfHm Hm Qf2mp Y5Qmpê5EYfT. gYT UC
mSmChcs. w Y5QspCfçãs Hm 8Um “s hpmTYHm5Rm IpUCh HmTmCxfpEsU 5s Vpf8Um hfpf s Y5íEYs Hm UCf
AYTYRf Hm TmRm HYfT” TYJ5YfiEf 8Um “s hpmTYHm5Rm IpUCh mTRá mC UCf AYTYRf fs mSRmpYsp”? nURpfT RfpmQfT
fAfcYfpfC fT FfxYcYHfHmT cY5JUíTRYEfT (EsCs hfpáQpfTm m vUcJfCm5RsT Hm TYCYcfpYHfHm TmCâ5RYEf).
1f5J mR fc. (odLe) HmTEsxpYpfC 8Um s CsHmcs Hm Vw EsC CmcFsp HmTmChm5Fs 5fT RfpmQfT Hs
bcUm fcEf5çsU UCf CéHYf Hm GW%, m s hYsp CsHmcs, UCf CéHYf Hm 0e,W%. gC Es5RpfhfpRYHf, s
HmTmChm5Fs FUCf5s CéHYs é Hm e9,L% (kf5JYf & asPCf5, odLW). IUHs CUHsU hfpf CmcFsp
8Uf5Hs s bssJcm HmTm5AscAmU s ampR (Hs Y5JcêT aY-HYpmERYs5fc g5EsHmp BmhpmTm5RfRYs5 QpsC Ipf5TQspCmpT
– mC hspRUJUêT, “pmhpmTm5Rfçãs Hm EsHYfiEfHsp xYHYpmEYs5fc Hm Rpf5TQspCfHspmT”) (MmAcY5 mR fc.,
odLW). n ampR RmAm UCf CéHYf Hm ed,0% (fY5Hf fxfYSs Hs HmTmChm5Fs FUCf5s) 5fT RfpmQfT Hs bcUm.
wT EsYTfT CUHfpfC pfhYHfCm5Rm HmhsYT HYTTs. gC vUcFs Hm odLW, UCf 5sAf AmpTãs Hs ampR TUhmpsU
s HmTmChm5Fs FUCf5s, EsC ee,N% 5fT RfpmQfT Hs bcUm (zf5J mR fc., odLW). MmhsYT, hpscYQmpfpfC
HmTEm5Hm5RmT Hs ampR, EsCs BsxmpRf m wcxmpR (UC ampR cmAm), m AápYsT HmTTmT CsHmcsT TmCmcFf5RmT fs
ampR RfCxéC TUhmpfpfC s HmTmChm5Fs FUCf5s.
yUfc é s TmJpmHs Hs TUEmTTs Hs ampR? gcm Tm m5Jfvf mC UC hpsEmTTfCm5Rs CfYT EsChcmSs (m
FUCf5s) Hf cY5JUfJmC mTEpYRf Hs 8Um sT CsHmcsT f5RmpYspmT. gTTmT CsHmcsT f5RmpYspmT hpsEmTTfAfC
fT hfcfApfT mC UCf QpfTm, UCf hsp UCf Tm8Um5EYfcCm5Rm, Hf mT8UmpHf hfpf f HYpmYRf, UTf5Hs
Y5QspCfçõmT xpURfT TmCmcFf5RmT f HYEYs5ápYsT hfpf fEmTTfp TYJ5YfiEfHsT Hm hfcfApfT. w ê5QfTm HmTTmT
CsHmcsT 5sT TYJ5YfiEfHsT HfT hfcfApfT Y5HYAYHUfYT fEfxfAf pmTUcRf5Hs mC AápYsT fThmERsT Hs
hpsEmTTfCm5Rs Hf cY5JUfJmC FUCf5f Tm5Hs sCYRYHsT sU hmpHm5Hs YChspRâ5EYf.
nT CsHmcsT f5RmpYspmT YJ5spfAfC mC Jpf5Hm hfpRm s Es5RmSRs m f TY5RfSm. 4s5TYHmpm
FsCô5YCsT (HUfT hfcfApfT EsC f CmTCf spRsJpffif, CfT TYJ5YfiEfHsT HYQmpm5RmT): UC mSmChcs é
“xf5Es” (fTTm5Rs) m “xf5Es” (UC cUJfp s5Hm s HY5FmYps é Cf5RYHs). gTTmT CsHmcsT m5Es5RpfpfC
HYfiEUcHfHmT hfpf HYTRY5JUYp m5Rpm sT HsYT TYJ5YfiEfHsT HsT FsCô5YCsT. gcmT RfCxéC RYAmpfC Jpf5Hm
HYfiEUcHfHm mC HYTRY5JUYp m5Rpm sT TYJ5YfiEfHsT Hm QpfTmT Es5Rm5Hs hfcfApfT CUYRs TmCmcFf5RmT
(EsCs “n Eãs CspHmU s FsCmC” AT. “n FsCmC CspHmU s Eãs”).
MYQmpm5RmCm5Rm HsT CsHmcsT f5RmpYspmT, s ampR cê Hf mT8UmpHf hfpf f HYpmYRf m Hf HYpmYRf hfpf f
mT8UmpHf fs CmTCs RmChs. 4sCs Es5Tm8Uê5EYf, TmU hpsEmTTfCm5Rs é CfYT CY5UEYsTs Hs 8Um s Hm
sURpsT CsHmcsT. n ampR RfCxéC HYQmpm Hm sURpsT CsHmcsT hsp8Um UTf UC hpsEmTTs Hm hs5Hmpfçãs Hm
fRm5çãs hfpf QspCfp CúcRYhcfT Es5mSõmT m5Rpm fT hfcfApfT CfYT YChspRf5RmT mC UCf QpfTm,
YJ5spf5Hs mC Jpf5Hm hfpRm fT Cm5sT YChspRf5RmT. MmTTf QspCf, é CfYT Tm5TíAmc fs Es5RmSRs (s 8Um
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
AmC f5RmT m s 8Um AmC HmhsYT Hm UCf HmRmpCY5fHf hfcfApf) Hs 8Um sT CsHmcsT f5RmpYspmT. IfCxéC
RpYU5Qf Tsxpm sURpsT CsHmcsT Hm hpsEmTTfCm5Rs Hm cY5JUfJmC hsp8Um RmC CfYsp EfhfEYHfHm, hsHmp
EsChURfEYs5fc m é hpé-RpmY5fHs mC CfYT HfHsT Hm cY5JUfJm5T.
whmTfp Hm TmUT CUYRsT TUEmTTsT, s ampR RmC AápYfT cYCYRfçõmT. 3mU HmTmChm5FsHm EsChpmm5Tãs
cY5JUíTRYEf é Cm5sT YChpmTTYs5f5Rm Hs 8Um hfpmEm, hsp8Um mcm Tm xfTmYf CUYRfT Am2mT mC FmUpíTRYEf
sU fRfcFsT 8Um TUhpYCmC f 5mEmTTYHfHm Hm EsChpmm5Tãs RsRfc Hs RmSRs. wcéC HYTTs, s ampR RmC UCf
8Uf5RYHfHm Es5TYHmpáAmc Hm Es5FmEYCm5Rs, CfT EsC Qpm8Uê5EYf 5ãs fiEf Ecfps 8Ufc Es5FmEYCm5Rs
mTRá UTf5Hs hfpf pmfcY2fp HmRmpCY5fHf RfpmQf Hm EsChpmm5Tãs (BsJmpT mR fc., odod).
TRADUÇÃO
jCf ápmf Hm hpsEmTTfCm5Rs Hm cY5JUfJmC s5Hm f Vw RmC Tm CsTRpfHs EfHf Am2 CfYT xmC-TUEmHYHf é
f RpfHUçãs Hm RmSRsT (EsCs HsEUCm5RsT) Hm UCf cí5JUf hfpf sURpf. rsp mSmChcs, s bssJcm Ipf5TcfRm
(xfTmfHs mC pmHmT 5mUpfYT hpsQU5HfT) Qsp5mEm RpfHUçõmT pf2sfAmcCm5Rm hpmEYTfT m5Rpm s Y5JcêT m
CfYT Hm Ldd sURpsT YHYsCfT. É CUYRs CfYT páhYHs Hs 8Um RpfHURspmT FUCf5sT: hsHm RpfHU2Yp UCf
háJY5f Y5RmYpf Hm RmSRs mC Cm5sT Hm RpêT TmJU5HsT.
wRé pmEm5RmCm5Rm, f 8UfcYHfHm m f hpmEYTãs Hf RpfHUçãs Hm Cá8UY5f mpfC CUYRs Y5QmpYspmT à
RpfHUçãs FUCf5f. 4s5RUHs, s HmTm5AscAYCm5Rs Hf RpfHUçãs Hm Cá8UY5f 5mUpfc xfTmfHf 5s UTs Hm
pmHmT 5mUpfYT hpsQU5HfT Qm2 f RpfHUçãs fURsCáRYEf CmcFspfp. gTTf 5sAf fxspHfJmC HYQmpm HfT
f5RmpYspmT, hsYT m5AscAm fhpm5HY2fJmC Hm hs5Rf f hs5Rf: RsHsT sT hpsEmTTsT 5mEmTTápYsT hfpf f
cmYRUpf Hm QpfTmT m f hpsHUçãs Hm UCf RpfHUçãs EsppmRf Tãs fhpm5HYHsT fs CmTCs RmChs hsp UC
ú5YEs TYTRmCf. w RpfHUçãs Hm Cá8UY5f 5mUpfc RfCxéC é CUYRs CfYT flmSíAmc Hs 8Um fcJUCfT
fxspHfJm5T f5RmpYspmT hfpf TYTRmCfT Hm RpfHUçãs fURsCáRYEf m5AscAm5Hs f fhcYEfçãs Hm Y5úCmpfT
pmJpfT fiSfT.
uápYfT HmTEsxmpRfT YChpmTTYs5f5RmT QspfC pmcfRfHfT pmEm5RmCm5Rm. tYTEFmp m qäUxcY (odod)
EsChfpfpfC f RpfHUçãs Hm Cá8UY5f 5mUpfc m f RpfHUçãs FUCf5f Hm HsEUCm5RsT 5s TmRsp Hm TmJUpsT
(EsCs UC RmSRs Tsxpm RpmY5fCm5Rs mThmEYfcY2fHs mC Am5HfT) mC pmcfçãs f RpêT RYhsT Hm mppsT: (L)
sCYTTõmT; (o) RmpCY5scsJYf; m (i) RYhsJpffif. gC Jmpfc, sT mppsT hsp Cá8UY5f m hsp FUCf5sT QspfC
TmCmcFf5RmT.
rshmc mR fc. (odod) EsChfpfpfC f RpfHUçãs Hm 5sRíEYfT Hs Y5JcêT hfpf s REFmEs hsp RpfHURspmT
hpsfiTTYs5fYT m hsp UC TYTRmCf Hm fhpm5HY2fJmC hpsQU5Hf, s 4UxxYRR. n 4UxxYRR TUhmpsU sT
RpfHURspmT hpsfiTTYs5fYT 5f hpmTmpAfçãs Hs TYJ5YfiEfHs Hs RmSRs. ks m5Rf5Rs, f flUê5EYf Hm TUf
RpfHUçãs QsY EcfTTYfiEfHf EsCs Y5QmpYsp à HsT RpfHURspmT FUCf5sT. rshmc mR fc. UTfpfC UC RmTRm Hs
RYhs IUpY5J mC 8Um hmHYpfC hfpf L0 vUí2mT FUCf5sT HmEYHYpmC Tm fT RpfHUçõmT Hm 5sRíEYfT RY5FfC
TYHs hpsHU2YHfT hmcs 4UxxYRR sU hsp UC RpfHURsp hpsfiTTYs5fc. ksAm vUí2mT (Y5EcUY5Hs RpêT
RpfHURspmT hpsfiTTYs5fYT m RpêT hmT8UYTfHspmT Hm RpfHUçãs fURsCáRYEf) 5ãs Es5TmJUYpfC HYTRY5JUYp
m5Rpm fT RpfHUçõmT FUCf5fT m fT Hm Cá8UY5f.
gC TUCf, f RpfHUçãs fURsCáRYEf é CUYRfT Am2mT 8UfTm EsChfpáAmc mC 8UfcYHfHm fs
HmTmChm5Fs Hm RpfHURspmT FUCf5sT hpsfiTTYs5fYT. ks m5Rf5Rs, f RpfHUçãs Hm Cá8UY5f Es5RY5Uf f Rmp
UC HmTmChm5Fs CUYRs fxfYSs HsT 5íAmYT FUCf5sT 8Uf5Hs é hpmEYTs cmAfp mC Es5Rf s Es5RmSRs. jC
HsT CsRYAsT hfpf YTTs sEsppmp é 8Um s Es5RmSRs pmcmAf5Rm hfpf s hpsEmTTfCm5Rs Hm UCf HmRmpCY5fHf
QpfTm hsHm mTRfp mC AápYfT QpfTmT hpéAYfT 5s RmSRs. VTTs fEs5RmEm Qpm8Um5RmCm5Rm EsC hps5sCmT (mcm m
mcf); m s pmQmpm5Rm hsHm Rmp fhfpmEYHs CUYRs f5RmT. DUs mR fc. (odod) HmTEsxpYpfC EsC f RpfHUçãs Hm
AápYsT HsEUCm5RsT 8Um f pmTscUçãs Hm hps5sCmT mpf CUYRs CmcFsp 8Uf5Hs UC TYTRmCf Hm RpfHUçãs
Hm Cá8UY5f 5mUpfc Es5FmEYf s Es5RmSRs Hs 8Um 8Uf5Hs 5ãs s Es5FmEYf.
GERAÇÃO DE TEXTOS
rpsHU2Yp UC RmSRs Esmpm5Rm (EsCs m5TfYsT sU sURpsT HsEUCm5RsT) é hpsAfAmcCm5Rm f FfxYcYHfHm Hm
cY5JUfJmC FUCf5f CfYT mSYJm5Rm. 3mpYf YChpmTTYs5f5Rm Tm UC CsHmcs Hm cY5JUfJmC Hm Vw hUHmTTm
Jmpfp UC RmSRs HYQíEYc Hm HYTRY5JUYp Hs Hm UC mTEpYRsp FUCf5s. gAYHê5EYfT pmcmAf5RmT QspfC
pmcfRfHfT hsp OöxYT m ZsTTY56 (odod). lUí2mT FUCf5sT 8Um pmEmxmpfC hsmCfT mTEpYRsT hsp hsmRfT
5sAfRsT m hsp UC fcJspYRCs Hm Vw RpfxfcFfpfC f 5íAmc Hs fEfTs hfpf HmEYHYp 8UfYT hsmCfT RY5FfC
TYHs mTEpYRsT hsp FUCf5sT m 8UfYT RY5FfC TYHs mTEpYRsT hsp Cá8UY5fT. rsHm-Tm HY2mp 8Um mTTm QsY UC
RmTRm Y5vUTRs, Es5TYHmpf5Hs 8Um s fcJspYRCs Hm Vw RY5Ff pmEmxYHs mSRm5Ts RpmY5fCm5Rs Tsxpm hsmTYf
mTEpYRf hsp hsmRfT hpsfiTTYs5fYT.
gC UC TmJU5Hs mShmpYCm5Rs, sT vUí2mT FUCf5sT 5ãs Es5TmJUYpfC HYTRY5JUYp m5Rpm UC hsmCf
mTEpYRs hsp UC hsmRf hpsfiTTYs5fc m UC hsmCf hpé-TmcmEYs5fHs EsCs s CmcFsp mTEpYRs hsp Cá8UY5f.
ks m5Rf5Rs, mcmT Es5TmJUYpfC HYTRY5JUYp m5Rpm UC hsmCf Hm UC hsmRf FUCf5s m UC hsmCf mTEpYRs
hsp Cá8UY5f TmcmEYs5fHs fcmfRspYfCm5Rm. gC TUCf, sT FUCf5sT RYAmpfC UCf EfhfEYHfHm cYCYRfHf
Hm HYTRY5JUYp m5Rpm hsmCfT hpsHU2YHsT hmcf Vw m hsp FUCf5sT.
jCf Rm5RfRYAf YChpmTTYs5f5Rm Hm HmTm5AscAmp UC CsHmcs 8Um hpsHU2YTTm RmSRsT TmCmcFf5RmT
fsT FUCf5sT QsY pmcfRfHf hsp apsP5 mR fc. (odod). 3mU CsHmcs é EFfCfHs Hm Ipf5TQspCfHsp rpé-
RpmY5fHs bmpfRYAs i (brI-i, Hs Y5JcêT bm5mpfRYAm rpm-IpfY5mH Ipf5TQspCmp i) (Amvf sT 4fhíRUcsT N m 9).
w8UY, AfCsT Cm5EYs5fp HUfT Hm TUfT EfpfERmpíTRYEfT. gC hpYCmYps cUJfp, s brI-i é mSRpmCfCm5Rm
hsHmpsTs: RmC L90 xYcFõmT Hm hfpâCmRpsT (AfcspmT cYApmT hfpf CUHfp), m58Uf5Rs s pmEspHm Hs
CsHmcs f5RmpYsp mpf Hm “fhm5fT” L9 xYcFõmT Hm hfpâCmRpsT.
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
gC TmJU5Hs cUJfp, 8UfTm RsHsT sT CsHmcsT Hm cY5JUfJmC Hm Vw f5RmpYspmT QspfC hpsJpfCfHsT
hfpf Rmp UC xsC HmTmChm5Fs mC UCf JfCf pmTRpYRf Hm RfpmQfT cY5JUíTRYEfT hfpf fT 8UfYT pmEmxmpfC
UCf m5spCm 8Uf5RYHfHm Hm RpmY5fCm5Rs pmcmAf5Rm. gC Es5RpfTRm, s brI-i QsY hpsvmRfHs hfpf
mSmEURfp Y5úCmpfT RfpmQfT cY5JUíTRYEfT TmC pmEmxmp RpmY5fCm5Rs Y5Rm5TYAs mC 5m5FUCf RfpmQf
mThmEífiEf.
apsP5 mR fc. (odod) HmpfC f AápYfT AmpTõmT Hs brI-i f RfpmQf Hm hpsHU2Yp fpRYJsT Hm 5sRíEYfT
Es5Rm5Hs odd sU 0dd hfcfApfT, fhóT fhpmTm5Rfp fcJU5T mSmChcsT. tspfC m5RpmJUmT fpRYJsT
hpsHU2YHsT hsp FUCf5sT m hmcs brI-i hfpf vUí2mT FUCf5sT, 8Um hpmEYTfAfC HY2mp 8UmC sT FfAYf
mTEpYRs: Tm f Cá8UY5f sU sT FUCf5sT. MsT fpRYJsT Hm odd hfcfApfT hpsHU2YHsT hmcf AmpTãs EsChcmRf
Hm L90 xYcFõmT Hm hfpâCmRpsT Hs brI-i, mcmT fEmpRfpfC fhm5fT 0o% HfT Am2mT.
jC mSmChcs HsT fpRYJsT Hs brI-i é fhpmTm5RfHs f TmJUYp. whm5fT Lo% HsT vUí2mT FUCf5sT
YHm5RYfiEfpfC EsppmRfCm5Rm EsCs Rm5Hs TYHs hpsHU2YHs hsp UC CsHmcs Hm Vw.
IíRUcs: ZmRsHYTRfT j5YHsT Es5EspHfC EsC HYAYTãs FYTRópYEf
3UxRíRUcs: w8UmcmT 8Um Tm shõmC fs EfTfCm5Rs JfK QspCfpãs TUf hpóhpYf Hm5sCY5fçãs
wpRYJs: whóT HsYT HYfT Hm Y5Rm5TsT HmxfRmT, f VJpmvf ZmRsHYTRf j5YHf Es5EspHsU EsC UCf
HYAYTãs FYTRópYEf – 8Um Tmpá “RmscsJYEfCm5Rm m TsEYfcCm5Rm Es5TmpAfHspf”, TmJU5Hs s vsp5fc
IFm 1fTFY5JRs5 rsTR. w CfYspYf HsT HmcmJfHsT hpmTm5RmT 5f 4s5Qmpê5EYf bmpfc f5Ufc Hf
YJpmvf mC CfYs AsRsU f QfAsp Hm QspRfcmEmp f hpsYxYçãs Hf spHm5fçãs Hs Ecmps qbaIy m Hm
mTEpmAmp 5sAfT pmJpfT 8Um “HYTEYhcY5fpãs” s Ecmps 8Um sfiEYfcY2f EfTfCm5RsT m5Rpm hmTTsfT Hs
CmTCs TmSs. ZfT f8UmcmT 8Um Tm shUTmpfC f mTTfT CmHYHfT RêC UC 5sAs hcf5s: mcmT HY2mC
8Um QspCfpãs UCf Hm5sCY5fçãs TmhfpfHf fRé odod, EFfCf5Hs TUf YJpmvf Hf Hm5sCY5fçãs
ZmRsHYTRf 4pYTRã.
n rsTR sxTmpAf 8Um f Hm5sCY5fçãs, 8Um ffipCf Rmp Lo,0 CmCxpsT, mpf, 5s Y5íEYs Hs TéEUcs 77,
f “CfYsp Hm5sCY5fçãs hpsRmTRf5Rm HsT gjw”, CfT AmC m5EscFm5Hs 5fT úcRYCfT HéEfHfT. w
5sAf HYAYTãs Tmpá f TmJU5Hf 5f FYTRópYf Hf YJpmvf. w hpYCmYpf sEsppmU mC LWGe, 8Uf5Hs EmpEf
Hm Ld% Hf Hm5sCY5fçãs Tm HmTcYJsU hfpf QspCfp f VJpmvf gAf5JécYEf j5YHf apmRFpm5. n rsTR
sxTmpAf 8Um f HYAYTãs hpshsTRf “sEsppm mC UC CsCm5Rs EpíRYEs hfpf f YJpmvf, 8Um AmC
hmpHm5Hs CmCxpsT Fá f5sT...”
uápYfT cYCYRfçõmT Hs brI-i Tãs HYTEURYHfT 5s 4fhíRUcs N. w EpíRYEf Em5Rpfc é 8Um mcm mTRá
xfTYEfCm5Rm UTf5Hs Y5QspCfçõmT Es5RYHfT 5s RíRUcs m 5s TUxRíRUcs hfpf YHm5RYfiEfp m, mC TmJUYHf,
pmhpsHU2Yp xcsEsT Hm Es5FmEYCm5Rs Es5RYHsT mC TmU xf5Es Hm HfHsT HUpf5Rm f Jmpfçãs Hm RmSRs.
gTTmT hpsEmTTsT sEsppmC TmC 8Ufc8Ump EsChpmm5Tãs HfT Y5QspCfçõmT Es5RYHfT 5sT fpRYJsT 8Um Jmpf.
CONCLUSÕES
w Vw Qm2 hpsJpmTTsT TUxTRf5EYfYT 5f hpsHUçãs Hm 5íAmYT Hm HmTmChm5Fs TmCmcFf5RmT fsT FUCf5sT
mC AápYfT RfpmQfT cY5JUíTRYEfT. nT mSmChcsT CfYT 5sRáAmYT Tãs pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs sU hmpEmhçãs Hm Qfcf,
EsChpmm5Tãs Hm RmSRsT,RpfHUçãs Hm YHYsCfT m Jmpfçãs Hm RmSRsT. ks m5Rf5Rs, Fá CUYRfT
Es5RpsAépTYfT Tsxpm Tm mTTfT Es58UYTRfT Tãs RUHs s 8Um hfpmEmC Tmp. 4s5TYHmpfCsT mTTf 8UmTRãs 5s
4fhíRUcs N, s5Hm fT fAfcYfCsT CmcFsp.
NOSSAS CARREIRAS ESTÃO EM JOGO?
ZUYRfT hmTTsfT RmCmC 8Um psxôT m sURpsT TYTRmCfT Hm Vw fTTUCfC hpsJpmTTYAfCm5Rm sT mChpmJsT Hm
Hm2m5fT (sU Em5Rm5fT) Hm CYcFõmT Hm RpfxfcFfHspmT. lá mC LWG0, Dmpx 3YCs5, UC hYs5mYps Hf IV,
hpmAYU 8Um, “Hm5Rps Hm od f5sT, fT Cá8UY5fT Tmpãs Efhf2mT Hm Qf2mp 8Ufc8Ump RpfxfcFs 8Um UC
FsCmC hsHm Qf2mp” (h. ie). nxAYfCm5Rm, Rfc hpmAYTãs fEfxsU Tm CsTRpf5Hs mppfHf. ks m5Rf5Rs,
mThmEYfcYTRfT mC Vw hpmAYpfC Fá fcJU5T f5sT 8Um FfAYf 0d% Hm EFf5Em Hm fT Cá8UY5fT Hm Vw TmpmC
Efhf2mT Hm pmfcY2fp InMn3 sT RpfxfcFsT CmcFsp Hs 8Um sT FUCf5sT fRé odGd (HYTEURYHs CfYT fHYf5Rm
5s 4fhíRUcs 9). w8UY Es5TYHmpfCsT AápYsT mSmChcsT CsTRpf5Hs EsCs f Vw vá mTRá HmTffif5Hs sT
RpfxfcFfHspmT FUCf5sT, CmTCs mC mChpmJsT Hm fcRs 5íAmc.
USOS JURÍDICOS
4sCmçfCsT EsC f cmY. jCf HfT hpY5EYhfYT ápmfT s5Hm f Vw RmC TYHs URYcY2fHf é f HmTEsxmpRf
mcmRpô5YEf (4fQQpmK, odod). IpfRf-Tm Hs hpsEmTTs Hm YHm5RYfiEfçãs Hm hpsAfT HsEUCm5RfYT pmcmAf5RmT
(EsCs f HYcYJê5EYf hpéAYf f5RmT Hm m5Rpfp mC UC fEspHs m mcfxspfçãs Hm UC EfTs vUpíHYEs). VTTs hsHm
Tmp CUYRs HmCspfHs m Efps. Dá AápYsT f5sT, FsUAm UCf HYThURf Hm hfRm5RmT m5Rpm f 3fCTU5J m f
whhcm, 8Uf5Hs LL.Lde.G0i HsEUCm5RsT QspfC mSfCY5fHsT, f UC EUTRs RsRfc Hm j3$ Li CYcFõmT mC
UC hmpísHs Hm od CmTmT (Mfcm, odLe). gTTmT m5spCmT EUTRsT hsHmpYfC Tmp pmHU2YHsT EsC s UTs
mSRm5TYAs Hf Vw.
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
(https://grupoa.com.br/)
gC odLe, AápYfT U5YAmpTYHfHmT fCmpYEf5fT spJf5Y2fpfC UCf EsChmRYçãs m5Rpm od fHAsJfHsT
mThmEYfcYTRfT m s TYTRmCf Hm Vw qfPbmmS, RpmY5fHs mC Hm2m5fT Hm CYcFfpmT Hm Es5RpfRsT. w RfpmQf mpf
HmRmERfp xpmEFfT mC EY5Es fEspHsT Hm Es5fiHm5EYfcYHfHm. n qfPbmmS QsY CfYT hpmEYTs Hs 8Um sT
fHAsJfHsT mC Jmpfc (WN% AT. e0% Hm hpmEYTãs, pmThmERYAfCm5Rm) m TUhmpsU sT fHAsJfHsT mC RsHsT
sT EY5Es fEspHsT. ksRfAmcCm5Rm, s qfPbmmS fcEf5çsU mTTm HmTmChm5Fs TUhmpYsp, mCxspf Rm5Ff
HmHYEfHs Cm5sT Hm L/odd Hs RmChs JfTRs hmcsT fHAsJfHsT mC CéHYf 5f f5ácYTm HsT HsEUCm5RsT (oG
TmJU5HsT AT. Wo CY5URsT, pmThmERYAfCm5Rm) (qfPbmmS, odLe).
kãs é Hm Tm fHCYpfp 8Um CUYRsT fHAsJfHsT Tm pmEUTfpfC f fEmYRfp mTTfT HmTEsxmpRfT. gcmT
fhs5RfpfC 8Um sT fEspHsT Hm Es5fiHm5EYfcYHfHm RêC UC QspCfRs xfTRf5Rm hfHps5Y2fHs, QfEYcYRf5Hs,
fTTYC, f RfpmQf Hs qfPbmmS. wcéC HYTTs, CUYRfT Am2mT é CfYT QáEYc HmRmERfp mppsT mC UC HsEUCm5Rs
cmJfc Hs 8Um TUJmpYp QspCfT fcRmp5fRYAfT Hm mShpmTTfp hpsxcmCfT sU EsppYJYp sT mppsT. gC TUCf, f
Es5TRfRfçãs Hm 8Um UC TYTRmCf Hm Vw hsHm TUhmpfp mThmEYfcYTRfT FUCf5sT mC RfpmQfT cmJfYT
pmcfRYAfCm5Rm TYChcmT 5ãs TYJ5YfiEf 8Um sT TUhmpfpYf mC 8UmTRõmT cmJfYT CfYT EsChcmSfT.
gC hpY5EíhYs, mSYTRmC Y5úCmpfT Cf5mYpfT Hm f Vw CmcFspfp fT HmEYTõmT cmJfYT. ImJCfp6 (odLe,
h. Ld0) AYTcUCxpf UC QURUps mC 8Um f CfYspYf HfT HmEYTõmT cmJfYT Tmpãs RsCfHfT hsp vUí2mT-psxôT:
“3YTRmCfT Hm Vw 8Um fhcYEfC Y5Ef5TfAmcCm5Rm sT CmTCsT fcRsT hfHpõmT cmJfYT f EfHf vUcJfCm5Rs TmC
TUEUCxYp f mppsT FUCf5sT, EsCs hpmEs5EmYRs, QfHYJf sU QfcRf Hm Es5FmEYCm5Rs CfYT fRUfcY2fHs”.
gTTf AYTãs Hs QURUps é Cm5sT FYhsRéRYEf Hs 8Um AsEê hsHm YCfJY5fp. gC odLW, s ZY5YTRépYs Hf
lUTRYçf Hf gTRô5Yf hmHYU f nRR umcTxmpJ (HYpmRsp Hm Y5QspCfçõmT Hf gTRô5Yf) 8Um hpsvmRfTTm UC vUí2-
psxô hfpf vUcJfp hm8Um5fT pmYAY5HYEfçõmT fxfYSs Hm G CYc cYxpfT mTRmpcY5fT m pmTscAmp UC fEúCUcs
Hm EfTsT. n vúpY fY5Hf 5ãs mCYRYU s AmpmHYRs Tsxpm Tm s vUí2-psxô TUxTRYRUYpYf vUí2mT FUCf5sT (kYYcmp,
odLW). ksRm- Tm, 5s m5Rf5Rs, 8Um fT HmEYTõmT Hs vUí2-psxô HY2mC pmThmYRs fhm5fT f 8UmTRõmT cmJfYT
TYChcmT. wcéC HYTTs, Y5HYAíHUsT Y5TfRYTQmYRsT EsC fT HmEYTõmT Hs vUí2-psxô hsHmC fhmcfp f vUí2mT
FUCf5sT.
w Vw vá mTRá fUSYcYf5Hs s hpsEmTTs cmJfc Hm sURpfT QspCfT. kf 4FY5f, sT RpYxU5fYT cYHfC EsC
EmpEf Hm LW CYcFõmT Hm EfTsT hsp f5s, s 8Um cmAf f AápYfT Rm5RfRYAfT Hm Y5RpsHU2Yp f Vw 5s TYTRmCf
cmJfc. gC rm8UYC, hsp mSmChcs, UC psxô Hm L,0 CmRpsT Hm fcRUpf EFfCfHs 7YfsQf Qsp5mEm pmThsTRfT
hfpf CfYT Hm Nd CYc 8UmTRõmT Hm cYRíJYs m id CYc 8UmTRõmT cmJfYT (Amvf f tYJUpf o.9). ks CsCm5Rs,
hspéC, f Vw 5ãs mTRá HYpmRfCm5Rm m5AscAYHf 5f RsCfHf Hm HmEYTõmT vUHYEYfYT m 5ãs TUxTRYRUY s
Es5FmEYCm5Rs HsT vUí2mT.
n TYTRmCf cmJfc 5f CfYspYf HsT hfíTmT é TUTEmRíAmc f hpmEs5EmYRsT. ImJCfp6 (odLe) HYTEURYU s
EfTs Hs TUhpmCfEYTRf xpf5Es fCmpYEf5s aKps5 Hm cf amE6PYRF. gcm fTTfTTY5sU s cíHmp HsT HYpmYRsT
EYAYT ZmHJfp gAmpT mC Lo Hm vU5Fs Hm LWGi, CfT Tó QsY Es5Hm5fHs hsp mTTm EpYCm mC LWWN. MsYT
vúpYT xpf5EsT HYQmpm5RmT 5ãs s Es5Hm5fpfC mC LWGN, mCxspf fT mAYHê5EYfT HYThs5íAmYT 5f8Umcf
éhsEf QsTTmC xfTYEfCm5Rm fT CmTCfT Hm LWWN.
uYmTmT pfEYfYT m sURpsT hsHmC mTRfp YChcíEYRsT, s 8Um TYJ5YfiEf 8Um sT Y5HYAíHUsT hsHmC 5ãs
mTRfp Es5TEYm5RmT Hm TmUT hpmEs5EmYRsT. n AYéT YChcíEYRs hsHm Tmp fAfcYfHs UTf5Hs-Tm s ImTRm Hm
wTTsEYfçãs VChcíEYRf. 4U55Y5JFfC mR fc. (oddL) hmHYpfC fsT hfpRYEYhf5RmT xpf5EsT 8Um fi2mTTmC s
ImTRm Hm wTTsEYfçãs VChcíEYRf hfpf fAfcYfp mTRmpmóRYhsT pfEYfYT. gC UCf EYpEU5TRâ5EYf, sT
hfpRYEYhf5RmT hpmTTYs5fAfC UCf RmEcf Tm UC psTRs 5mJps sU UCf hfcfApf hsTYRYAf (hsp mSmChcs,
“fCsp”) QsTTm fhpmTm5RfHf m UCf RmEcf HYQmpm5Rm Tm UC psTRs xpf5Es sU UCf hfcfApf pUYC (hsp
mSmChcs, “RmppíAmc”) QsTTm fhpmTm5RfHf. nT RmChsT Hm pmfçãs QspfC CfYT cm5RsT 5mTTf EYpEU5TRâ5EYf
Hs 8Um 8Uf5Hs UC psTRs 5mJps QsY fhpmTm5RfHs vU5Rs EsC UCf hfcfApf 5mJfRYAf m UC psTRs xpf5Es
EsC UCf hfcfApf hsTYRYAf.
nT fEFfHsT fEYCf TUJmpmC 8Um sT hfpRYEYhf5RmT RY5FfC hpmEs5EmYRsT YChcíEYRsT sU
Y5Es5TEYm5RmT f QfAsp Hm xpf5EsT m Es5Rpf 5mJpsT. rsp sURps cfHs, sT hfpRYEYhf5RmT xpf5EsT RfcAm2
RYAmTTmC CfYT QfCYcYfpYHfHm EsC fcJUCfT EsCxY5fçõmT Hm hfcfApfT-psTRs. OUpHY mR fc. (odLW)
pmfcY2fpfC UCf CmRf5ácYTm UTf5Hs HfHsT Hs ImTRm Hm wTTsEYfçãs VChcíEYRf. DsUAm UCf hm8Um5f
fTTsEYfçãs m5Rpm hpmEs5EmYRs pfEYfc YChcíEYRs m EsChspRfCm5Rs HYTEpYCY5fRópYs.
n ImTRm Hm wTTsEYfçãs VChcíEYRf QsY CsHYfiEfHs hfpf Rsp5á-cs CfYT HYpmRfCm5Rm fhcYEáAmc fs
TYTRmCf cmJfc. qmAY5Ts5 mR fc. (odLd) HmTEsxpYpfC 8Um FfAYf UC hpmEs5EmYRs pfEYfc YChcíEYRs: s
HmTmChm5Fs mpf CfYT páhYHs 8Uf5Hs psTRsT 5mJpsT mpfC mChfpmcFfHsT EsC “EUchfHs”, m sT xpf5EsT
EsC “Y5sEm5Rm”, mC Am2 HsT hfpmT shsTRsT. Mm QspCf hpmsEUhf5Rm, qmAY5Ts5 mR fc. (odLN) HmTEsxpYpfC
8Um s hpmEs5EmYRs pfEYfc YChcíEYRs mpf CfYsp m5Rpm f8UmcmT 8Um Tãs f QfAsp Hf hm5f Hm CspRm.
rpmEYTfCsT Qf2mp UCf pmTTfcAf 5mTRm CsCm5Rs. ZUYRfT Am2mT Tm TUhõm 8Um UC hpmEs5EmYRs
YChcíEYRs (5s Tm5RYHs Hm Tmp fAfcYfHs hsp CmYsT Y5HYpmRsT) é 5mEmTTfpYfCm5Rm RfCxéC UC
hpmEs5EmYRs Y5Es5TEYm5Rm. ks m5Rf5Rs, Fá hsUEfT mAYHê5EYfT Hm 8Um sT hpmEs5EmYRsT Y5HYpmRsT Tãs
YHê5RYEsT fsT Y5Es5TEYm5RmT (4sp5mYccm & DüRRmp, odod). w mSYTRê5EYf Hm AápYsT hpmEs5EmYRsT TUJmpm
8Um hsHmpYf FfAmp UC hfhmc YChspRf5Rm hfpf f Vw Hm5Rps Hs TYTRmCf vUHYEYfc. gC hpY5EíhYs, sT
TYTRmCfT Hm Vw hsHmpYfC pmHU2Yp sU mcYCY5fp sT AápYsT hpmEs5EmYRsT Hm CUYRsT CmCxpsT Hf hscíEYf m
Hm vUpfHsT.
Compas
n 4sChfT (Hs Y5JcêT 4sppmERYs5fc nQQm5Hmp Zf5fJmCm5R rpsficY5J Qsp wcRmp5fRYAm 3f5ERYs5T – mC
hspRUJUêT, “EpYfçãs Hm hmpfic EsppmEYs5fc Hm Y5QpfRspmT hfpf hm5fT fcRmp5fRYAfT”) é UC QfCsTs
mSmChcs Hm Vw Tm5Hs UTfHf Hm5Rps Hs TYTRmCf vUpíHYEs. ksT gTRfHsT j5YHsT, s 4sChfT fAfcYsU
ZwV3 Hm L CYcFãs Hm Y5QpfRspmT hfpf hpmAmp f pmY5EYHê5EYf (s pYTEs Hm 8Um mcmT Ypãs EsCmRmp EpYCmT
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
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5sAfCm5Rm) EsC xfTm mC Li9 EfpfERmpíTRYEfT m mC TmUT f5RmEmHm5RmT EpYCY5fYT. tsY fcmJfHs 8Um s
4sChfT hpmAê CmcFsp Hs 8Um vUí2mT FUCf5sT 8UmC hpsAfAmcCm5Rm pmRsp5fpá fs EpYCm m, hsp YTTs,
HmAm Rmp f cYxmpHfHm Es5HYEYs5fc 5mJfHf.
tspfC YHm5RYfiEfHsT AápYsT hpsxcmCfT EsC s 4sChfT. rsp mSmChcs, TUf hpmEYTãs Jmpfc mC
hpmAmp Tm fcJUéC AscRfpá f Y5QpY5JYpf cmY é Hm fhm5fT G0%. MpmTTmc m tfpYH (odLe) HmTEsxpYpfC 8Um
Y5HYAíHUsT 8Um TfxYfC CUYRs hsUEs Tsxpm s TYTRmCf Hm vUTRYçf EpYCY5fc RYAmpfC UC HmTmChm5Fs
EsChfpáAmc fs Hs 4sChfT. g5RpmRf5Rs, QspfC Qsp5mEYHsT fhm5fT TmRm EfpfERmpíTRYEfT Tsxpm EfHf péU
mC EsChfpfçãs EsC sT Li9 QfRspmT URYcY2fHsT hmcs 4sChfT. ZfYT HpfTRYEfCm5Rm, MpmTTmc m tfpYH
fRY5JYpfC UCf RfSf Hm TUEmTTs Hm G9% UTf5Hs fhm5fT Mjw3 Y5QspCfçõmT: f YHfHm Hs péU m s 5úCmps
Hm Es5Hm5fçõmT f5RmpYspmT!
nT fEFfHsT Hm MpmTTmc m tfpYH (odLe) HYQmpmC HsT sxRYHsT f5RmpYspCm5Rm. rsp mSmChcs,
OcmY5xmpJ mR fc. (odL9) mTRUHfpfC f TmJUY5Rm TYRUfçãs: fcJU5T vUí2mT hpmEYTfAfC HmEYHYp Tm sT edd CYc
péUT HmAmpYfC fJUfpHfp vUcJfCm5Rs mC EfTf sU 5f hpYTãs. 3mU HmTmChm5Fs QsY EsChfpfHs EsC
f8Umcm QmYRs hsTRmpYspCm5Rm hsp UC TYTRmCf Hm Vw. 3m fT HmEYTõmT Hf Vw RYAmTTmC TUxTRYRUíHs fT
HmEYTõmT HsT vUí2mT, s EpYCm hpé-vUcJfCm5Rs RmpYf TYHs pmHU2YHs mC o0% TmC fcRmpfp f RfSf Hm
hpYTõmT. rsp sURps cfHs, f RfSf Hm hpYTõmT hsHmpYf Rmp TYHs pmHU2YHf mC Nd% TmC fUCm5Rs
hpshspEYs5fc 5fT RfSfT Hm EpYCY5fcYHfHm hpé-vUcJfCm5Rs.
rsp 8Um sT fEFfHsT Hm MpmTTmc m tfpYH (odLe) Tãs Rãs HYTEpmhf5RmT? gC TmU mTRUHs, fT Es5HYçõmT
Tsx fT 8UfYT sT FUCf5sT hpmAYpfC Tm EpYCY5sTsT Y5HYAYHUfYT YpYfC pmY5EYHYp Rsp5fpfC f RfpmQf
pmcfRYAfCm5Rm QáEYc (qY5 mR fc., odod). rsp mSmChcs, TUf fRm5çãs QsY HYpmEYs5fHf f UC hm8Um5s
5úCmps Hm QfRspmT hpmHYRYAsT pmcmAf5RmT. gcmT RfCxéC pmEmxmpfC QmmHxfE6 YCmHYfRs Tsxpm f mSfRYHãs
Hm TUfT hpmAYTõmT. gC Es5RpfhfpRYHf, mC Em5ápYsT vUHYEYfYT Hs CU5Hs pmfc, sT TmpmT FUCf5sT 8Um
hpmAmmC f pmY5EYHê5EYf TUxTm8Um5Rm EsTRUCfC pmEmxmp CUYRs CfYT Y5QspCfçõmT (fcJUCfT
YppmcmAf5RmT) m 5U5Ef RêC QmmHxfE6 YCmHYfRs.
yUf5Hs qY5 mR fc. (odod) URYcY2fpfC Es5HYçõmT Hm RfpmQfT TmCmcFf5RmT àT URYcY2fHfT hsp MpmTTmc m
tfFYH (odLe), sxRYAmpfC fEFfHsT EsChfpáAmYT. ks m5Rf5Rs, UC TYTRmCf Hm Vw Qm2 hpmAYTõmT CfYT
hpmEYTfT Hs 8Um sT FUCf5sT Tsxpm f pmY5EYHê5EYf 8Uf5Hs fT Es5HYçõmT Hf RfpmQf mpfC CfYT HYQíEmYT
(RpYhcYEf5Hs fT Y5QspCfçõmT Tsxpm EfHf péU). wTTYC, f Vw QsY TUhmpYsp fsT FUCf5sT 5f Y5RmJpfçãs Hm
Y5QspCfçõmT EsChcmSfT.
4sCs Y5HYEfHs f5RmpYspCm5Rm, fT hpmAYTõmT HsT vUí2mT Tsxpm f hpsxfxYcYHfHm Hm pmY5EYHê5EYf
HsT péUT mC fCxYm5RmT vUHYEYfYT Hs CU5Hs pmfc Tãs TmChpm QmYRfT EsC fUTê5EYf Hm QmmHxfE6 Tsxpm f
mSfRYHãs HmTTfT hpmAYTõmT. 4s5TYHmpfpmCsT fT Es5EcUTõmT Hm qY5 mR fc. (odod) Tsxpm f YChspRâ5EYf Hs
QmmHxfE6 5s 8Um HY2 pmThmYRs à hpmAYTãs Hm 8UmC TmpYf pmY5EYHm5Rm mC EpYCmT AYscm5RsT. w Vw RmAm UCf
RfSf Hm TUEmTTs Hm eW%. gC Es5RpfTRm, sT FUCf5sT RYAmpfC UCf RfSf Hm TUEmTTs Hm ei% 8Uf5Hs
pmEmxmpfC QmmHxfE6, CfT YTTs EfYU hfpf fhm5fT Gd% TmC QmmHxfE6.
MpmTTmc m tfFYH (odLe) RfCxéC ffipCfpfC 8Um s 4sChfT fhpmTm5Rf hpmEs5EmYRs pfEYfc, mCxspf
TUfT hpmAYTõmT 5ãs TmvfC HYpmRfCm5Rm xfTmfHfT mC pfçf. gcmT Es5TYHmpfpfC QfcTsT hsTYRYAsT (sU Tmvf,
hpmAmp pmY5EYHê5EYf mC péUT 8Um 5ãs mpfC pmY5EYHm5RmT). n 4sChfT hpsHU2YU Nd% Hm QfcTsT
hsTYRYAsT hfpf péUT 5mJpsT, mC EsChfpfçãs EsC fhm5fT oG% hfpf sT xpf5EsT. IfCxéC Es5TYHmpfpfC
QfcTsT 5mJfRYAsT (sU Tmvf, 5ãs hpmAm5Hs 5m5FUCf pmY5EYHê5EYf mC péUT 8Um RYAmpfC pmY5EYHê5EYf). n
4sChfT hpsHU2YU CUYRs CfYT QfcTsT 5mJfRYAsT hfpf péUT xpf5EsT Hs 8Um hfpf 5mJpsT (No% AT. id%,
pmThmERYAfCm5Rm). rspRf5Rs, s 4sChfT hfpmEmU mSEmTTYAfCm5Rm hmTTYCYTRf Tsxpm fT EFf5EmT Hm péUT
5mJpsT EsCmRmpmC pmY5EYHê5EYf, m Y5HmAYHfCm5Rm sRYCYTRf 8Uf5Rs f péUT xpf5EsT 5ãs TmpmC
pmY5EYHm5RmT.
nT pmTUcRfHsT fEYCf hfpmEmC pmflmRYp hpmEs5EmYRs pfEYfc. ks m5Rf5Rs, f 5sçãs Hm “m8UYHfHm” é
CUYRs CfYT HYQíEYc Hm Hmfi5Yp Hs 8Um JmpfcCm5Rm Tm TUhõm (bsmc mR fc., odoL). 3Uhs5Ff 8Um HmEYHfCsT
8Um s TYTRmCf HmAm Tmp fcRmpfHs hfpf Jfpf5RYp 8Um f hspEm5RfJmC Hm QfcTsT hsTYRYAsT Tmvf m8UYhfpfHf
hfpf péUT 5mJpsT m xpf5EsT. rsHmpífCsT Es5TmJUYp YTTs hpmAm5Hs 8Um f pmY5EYHê5EYf sEsppmpá m5Rpm
sT 5mJpsT 8Um CfpEfpãs G sU CfYT 5f mTEfcf Hm pYTEs 4sChfT m m5Rpm sT xpf5EsT 8Um CfpEfpãs N sU
CfYT (4spxmRR-MfAYmT m bsmc, odLe). 4s5RUHs, mTRfxmcmEmp hs5RsT HYQmpm5RmT Hm EspRm hfpf hmTTsfT
5mJpfT m hfpf hmTTsfT xpf5EfT RfCxéC hsHmpYf Tmp Es5TYHmpfHs hpmEs5EmYRs pfEYfc.
nT hpsxcmCfT fEYCf hsHmpYfC Tmp pmTscAYHsT YJ5spf5Hs-Tm f pfçf fs hpmAmp f hpsxfxYcYHfHm Hm
péUT pmY5EYHYpmC? gTTf TscUçãs RfCxéC é QfcFf, hsp8Um hpsHU2 Jpf5HmT HYQmpm5çfT pfEYfYT mC QfcTsT
hsTYRYAsT m QfcTsT 5mJfRYAsT (bsmc mR fc., odoL). rpsxcmCfT TmCmcFf5RmT TUpJmC Tm fHsRfpCsT f
mTRpfRéJYf fhfpm5RmCm5Rm pf2sáAmc Hm YJ5spfp s Jê5mps fs UTfp s 4sChfT. 4spxmRR-MfAYmT m bsmc
(odLe) CsTRpfpfC 8Um sT péUT Hs TmSs CfTEUcY5s RY5FfC UCf RfSf Hm pmY5EYHê5EYf CUYRs CfYsp hfpf
8Ufc8Ump hs5RUfçãs Hs 4sChfT (Amvf f tYJUpf o.G). rsp mSmChcs, f RfSf Hm pmY5EYHê5EYf fTTsEYfHf f
UCf hs5RUfçãs Hm G é Hm Go% hfpf péUT Hs TmSs CfTEUcY5s, CfT fhm5fT Ne% hfpf péUT Hs TmSs
QmCY5Y5s. gTTm pmTUcRfHs fhfpm5RmCm5Rm Y5vUTRs sEsppm hsp8Um sT FsCm5T pmY5EYHmC f RfSfT CfYT
fcRfT Hs 8Um fT CUcFmpmT EsC f5RmEmHm5RmT EpYCY5fYT CUYRs TmCmcFf5RmT.
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
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Figura 2.6
A taxa de reincidência para réus homens e mulheres em função de sua pontuação Compas.
Fonte: De Corbett-Davies & Goel (2018).
n 8Um é EpUEYfc hfpf s QURUps é YHm5RYfiEfp UCf Hmfi5Yçãs Es5Tm5TUfc Hm “m8UYHfHm” fs hpmAmp f
pmY5EYHê5EYf. 3m YTTs Qsp fcEf5çfHs, sT TYTRmCfT Hm Vw hpsAfAmcCm5Rm TmpYfC f TscUçãs YHmfc (sU
8UfTm YHmfc).
MEDICINA: DIAGNÓSTICOS
whpsSYCfHfCm5Rm od% HfT Hsm5çfT JpfAmT Tãs Y5YEYfcCm5Rm HYfJ5sTRYEfHfT mpps5mfCm5Rm hmcsT
CéHYEsT (bpfxmp, odLi), EsC UC Rmpçs HmTTmT HYfJ5óTRYEsT mppfHsT hpmvUHYEf5Hs s hfEYm5Rm. 3mpYf
Hm Jpf5Hm Afcsp mcfxspfp fcJspYRCsT Hm Vw 8Um hpsHU2YTTmC HYfJ5óTRYEsT CfYT hpmEYTsT Hs 8Um sT
Qsp5mEYHsT hmcsT CéHYEsT. qYf5J mR fc. (odLW) RpmY5fpfC UC TYTRmCf Hm fhpm5HY2fHs hpsQU5Hs hfpf
HYfJ5sTRYEfp 0G9.NWe hfEYm5RmT EpYf5çfT f hfpRYp Hm hps5RUápYsT mcmRpô5YEsT. DsUAm UCf fTTsEYfçãs
m5Rpm sT HYfJ5óTRYEsT hpmAYTRsT hmcs TYTRmCf Hm fhpm5HY2fHs hpsQU5Hs m sT HYfJ5óTRYEsT Y5YEYfYT HsT
CéHYEsT mC RsHfT fT hpY5EYhfYT EfRmJspYfT Hm Hsm5çfT, TUJmpY5Hs 8Um f Vw hsHm CUYRfT Am2mT
EsppmThs5Hmp fs HmTmChm5Fs HYfJ5óTRYEs HsT CéHYEsT.
n TYTRmCf Hm fhpm5HY2fHs hpsQU5Hs Hm qYf5J mR fc. (odLW) fHsRsU UCf fxspHfJmC
EsppmcfEYs5fc – fT Hsm5çfT QspfC YHm5RYfiEfHfT EsC xfTm 5f Qspçf Hf TUf Esppmcfçãs EsC sT TY5RsCfT
Hs hfEYm5Rm. jCf fxspHfJmC EfUTfc, Es5RUHs, TmpYf hpmQmpíAmc. rsp mSmChcs, hsHmpífCsT hmpJU5Rfp
8Uf5RsT HsT TY5RsCfT Hs hfEYm5Rm HmTfhfpmEmpYfC Tm f TUhsTRf Hsm5çf RYAmTTm TYHs EUpfHf. jTf5Hs
Em5ápYsT Ecí5YEsT, BYEFm5T mR fc. (odod) HmTEsxpYpfC 8Um sT CéHYEsT Qsp5mEmpfC HYfJ5óTRYEsT
hpmEYTsT mC 9L% HfT Am2mT, m UC fcJspYRCs Hm Vw xfTmfHs mC mAYHê5EYfT EsppmcfEYs5fYT QsY hpmEYTs
mC 9o% HfT Am2mT. n CfYT YChpmTTYs5f5Rm é 8Um UC fcJspYRCs EfUTfc Hm Vw mTRfAf EsppmRs 99% Hs
RmChs, EscsEf5Hs TmU HmTmChm5Fs m5Rpm sT o0% CmcFspmT CéHYEsT (Amvf f tYJUpf o.9).
Figura 2.7
Precisão do diagnóstico feito por 44 médicos em relação a um algoritmo causal de IA. Os pontos em preto
correspondem a médicos com desempenho pior que a IA. O ponto no centro do gráfico sobre a linha tracejada é
um médico com a mesma precisão que a IA. Os pontos em cinza claro são médicos com melhor desempenho do
que a IA.
Fonte: De Richens et al. (2020).
w CfYspYf HfT hmT8UYTfT CéHYEfT UTf5Hs Vw Tm Es5Em5RpsU mC HYfJ5óTRYEsT xfTmfHsT 5f xUTEf
Hm f5spCfcYHfHmT mC YCfJm5T CéHYEfT (EsCs pfHYsJpffifT m RsCsJpffifT EmpmxpfYT). V5TYJFRT Tsxpm s
8Um é 5mEmTTápYs hfpf fcEf5çfp fcRsT 5íAmYT Hm hpmEYTãs HYfJ5óTRYEf hsHmC Tmp sxRYHsT mTRUHf5Hs-Tm
Esta página foi obtida através do recurso de impressão, disponível na Biblioteca A. Uso restrito a usuários com acesso a plataforma. Todos direitos reservados ao Grupo A
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mThmEYfcYTRfT CéHYEsT. gTRmT 5spCfcCm5Rm HmRmERfC f5spCfcYHfHmT EsC pfhYHm2 m hpmEYTãs. gC UC
mTRUHs, pfHYscsJYTRfT mThmEYfcY2fHsT Y5RmphpmRfpfC EsppmRfCm5Rm pfHYsJpffifT RspáEYEfT hsp fhm5fT
odd CYcYTTmJU5HsT. gC sURps mTRUHs, mThmEYfcYTRfTm 5ãs mThmEYfcYTRfT f5fcYTfpfC CfCsJpffifT
EsChcmSfT. n RmChs CéHYs JfTRs hmcsT mThmEYfcYTRfT hfpf HmRmERfp UC Eâ5Emp QsY mC Jmpfc Y5QmpYsp f
UC TmJU5Hs. w hpmEYTãs Hm HmTmChm5Fs QsY CUYRs CfYsp hfpf CéHYEsT 8Um csEfcY2fpfC s Eâ5Emp
pfhYHfCm5Rm Hs 8Um hfpf f8UmcmT 8Um 5ãs s fi2mpfC.
ZéHYEsT mThmEYfcYTRfT UTfC UCf mTRpfRéJYf Hm HmRmEçãs m hmT8UYTf, EsCmçf5Hs EsC f HmRmEçãs
páhYHf Hm Y5QspCfçõmT HYfJ5óTRYEfT pmcmAf5RmT, TmJUYHf Hm UCf xpmAm hmT8UYTf hfpf AmpYfiEfp Tm 5ãs
Fá sURpfT Y5QspCfçõmT pmcmAf5RmT. w HmRmEçãs sEsppm pfhYHfCm5Rm, hsp8Um sT mThmEYfcYTRfT mTRUHfC
s pmEs5FmEYCm5Rs Hm hfHpõmT EsChfpf5Hs f YCfJmC CéHYEf fhpmTm5RfHf m sT hfHpõmT fpCf2m5fHsT
Hm YCfJm5T CéHYEfT m5Es5RpfHfT 5s hfTTfHs. gC Es5RpfhfpRYHf, sT 5ãs mThmEYfcYTRfT UTfC UCf
mTRpfRéJYf Hm hmT8UYTf m HmRmEçãs m5AscAm5Hs UCf xUTEf AYTUfc mSRm5TYAf (Y5EcUY5Hs Y5QspCfçõmT
CUYRs YppmcmAf5RmT), TmJUYHf Hm mAm5RUfc HmRmEçãs Hm Y5QspCfçõmT HYfJ5óTRYEfT pmcmAf5RmT. gcmT
UTfC mTTf mTRpfRéJYf hsp8Um 5ãs RêC f pY8Um2f Hm Y5QspCfçõmT pmcmAf5RmT fpCf2m5fHfT 5f CmCópYf
Hm cs5Js hpf2s, 8Um hmpCYRYpYf 8Um f HmRmEçãs AYmTTm f5RmT Hf hmT8UYTf.
nT TYTRmCfT Hm Vw Tãs Rãs mfiEf2mT 8Uf5Rs sT CéHYEsT 5f HmRmEçãs Hm Hsm5çfT f hfpRYp Hm
YCfJm5T CéHYEfT? qYU mR fc. (odLW) pmfcY2fpfC pmEm5RmCm5Rm UCf CmRf5ácYTm Hm hmT8UYTfT s5Hm sT
TYTRmCfT Hm Vw FfAYfC UTfHs s Hmmh cmfp5Y5J (HYTEURYHs 5s 4fhíRUcs L) hfpf CmcFspfp TUfT
FfxYcYHfHmT HYfJ5óTRYEfT. w hpmEYTãs HYfJ5óTRYEf RmC HsYT fThmERsT: (L) Tm5TYxYcYHfHm (HmRmERfp EsC
hpmEYTãs f5spCfcYHfHmT 5fT YCfJm5T) m (o) mThmEYfiEYHfHm (pmvmYRfp EsC hpmEYTãs YCfJm5T 8Um 5ãs
Es5Rm5FfC f5spCfcYHfHmT). qYU mR fc. EsChfpfpfC TYTRmCfT Hm Vw EsC mThmEYfcYTRfT FUCf5sT 5s 8Um
HY2 pmThmYRs à Tm5TYxYcYHfHm m à mThmEYfiEYHfHm.
n 8Um HmTEsxpYpfC? wT hpmEYTõmT HYfJ5óTRYEfT JmpfYT HsT TYTRmCfT Hm Vw m HsT TmpmT FUCf5sT
QspfC YChpmTTYs5f5RmT m CUYRs TmCmcFf5RmT. w Tm5TYxYcYHfHm QsY Hm e9% hfpf f Vw AT. eG,N% hfpf
hpsfiTTYs5fYT Hm TfúHm. w mThmEYfiEYHfHm CéHYf QsY Hm Wo,0% (Vw) AT. Wd,0% (hpsfiTTYs5fYT Hm TfúHm).
kUC mTRUHs Hm gTRmAf mR fc., odL9, UC TYTRmCf Hm Vw URYcY2f5Hs Hmmh cmfp5Y5J QsY RpmY5fHs EsC
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MEDICINA: ROBÔS PARA REALIZAÇÃO DE CIRURGIAS
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