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<p>ERT 108 Physical Chemistry INTRODUCTION by Miss Anis Atikah binti Ahmad</p><p>COURSE STRUCTURE Course : Physical Chemistry Course Code: ERT 108 Course Type: Core Unit : 3 Pre-requisite of ERT 206 Thermodynamics Lecturers: Miss Anis Atikah binti Ahmad Dr Mohd Irfan Hatim</p><p>LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of the course, students are expected to be: Able to define and apply the phenomena, basic concepts, laws and principles in physical chemistry Able to calculate and solve a problem concerning physical chemistry. Able to illustrate various fundamental laws in physical chemistry.</p><p>EVALUATION CONTRIBUTION Final Exam (50%) Mid Term Exams (20%) Continuous Assessment (30%) Assignments (20%) Quizzes (10%)</p><p>BOOKS Text Book: Atkins, P and de Paula, Julia. 2009. Physical Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 9th Edition. Reference Books: Bahl, B.S.; Bahl, Arun & Tuli, G.D. 2006. Essentials of Physical Chemistry. S. Chand, New Delhi. Paul Monk, 2004. Physical Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons. Levine I. N. 2002. Physical Chemistry, McGraw Hill, 5th Edition. Silbey R. J., Alberty R. A., Bawendi M. G. 2005. Physical Chemistry, John Wiley & Son, Inc., 4th Edition.</p><p>LESSON PLAN Minggu/Week Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents Pensyarah/Lecturer (Panduan/Guidelines) 1. Introduction to Physical Chemistry What is Physical chemistry Week 1 Thermodynamics Miss Anis Atikah (17 Feb-21 Feb) Variables, relationship & Laws Physical and Molecular interactions ( 3 hours ) 2.0 The First Law of Thermodynamics The First Law of Thermodynamics Week 2-3 Enthalpy (24 Feb-7 Heat Capacities Miss Anis Atikah March) The Joule and Joule - Thomson Experiments Perfect gases and The First Law Calculation of First Law Quantities (6 hours) 3. The Second Law of Thermodynamics The Second Law of Thermodynamics Heat Engines Week 4-5 Entropy (10 March-21 Calculation of entropy changes Miss Anis Atikah March) Entropy, Reversibility and Irreversibility The thermodynamics temperature scale What is entropy? ( 6 hours)</p><p>LESSON PLAN (cont.) Minggu/Week Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents (Panduan/Guidelines) 4.0 Material Equilibrium Material Equilibrium Thermodynamics Properties of Nonequilibrium System. Entropy and Equilibrium Week 6-7 The Gibbs and Hemholtz Function Miss Anis Atikah (24 March-4 Thermodynamic Relation for a system in Apr) equilibrium Calculation of changes in state function Phase Equilibrium Reaction Equilibrium (6 hours) Week 8 CUTI PERTENGAHAN SEMESTER/MID-TERM BREAK (7 Apr-11 Apr) 5.0 Standard Thermodynamic Functions of Reaction Standard States Standard Enthalpy of Reaction Week 9 Standard Enthalpy of Formation Dr Mohd Irfan Hatim (14 Apr-18 Apr) Determination of standard enthalpies of Formation and Reaction (3 hours)</p><p>LESSON PLAN (cont.) Minggu/Week Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents (Panduan/Guidelines) 6. Reaction Equilibrium in Ideal Gas Mixture Chemical Potential in an Ideal Gas Mixture Week 10 Ideal-Gas Reaction equilibrium Temperature Dependence of the Equilibrium Dr Mohd Irfan Hatim (21 Apr-25 Apr) constant Ideal-Gas equilibrium Calculations (4 hours) 6. Chemical Kinetics Experimental Chemical and Kinetic Reactions. Week 11 First Order Reactions Dr Mohd Irfan Hatim (28 Apr- 2 May) Second Order Reactions Reaction Rates and Reaction Mechanisms Light Spectroscopy and adsorption Chemistry. (4 hours) 8.0 Phase Diagrams Definitions The Phase Rule Week 12 Two-component Systems (5 May- 9 May) Vapour Pressure Diagrams Dr Mohd Irfan Hatim Temperature-composition Diagrams Liquid-liquid Phase Diagrams Liquid-solid Phase Diagrams (4 hours)</p><p>LESSON PLAN (cont.) Minggu/Week Kandungan Kursus / Course Contents Pensyarah/Lecturer (Panduan/Guidelines) 9.0 Equilibrium Electrochemistry Half-reactions and electrodes Varieties of Cells Week 13-14 The Electromotive Force (12 May- 23 Dr Mohd Irfan Hatim Standard Potentials May) Applications of standard potentials Impact on Biochemistry : Energy Conversion in Biological Cells (6 hours) Week 15 (26 May-30 MINGGU ULANGKAJI / REVISION WEEK May) Week 16-17 (2 June - PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR SEMESTER / FINAL EXAMINATION June)</p><p>INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY What is Physical Chemistry? the study of the underlying physical principles that govern the properties & behaviour of chemical systems. Large-scale Macroscopic properties of Chemical matter system Microscopic Concepts of molecules</p><p>AREAS OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Can be classified into 4 main areas: Quantum Kinetics chemistry Statistical mechanics Thermodynamics</p><p>AREAS OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Quantum chemistry: application of quantum mechanics to atomic structure, molecular bonding & spectroscopy Thermodynamics: Macroscopic science that studies: i. the interrelationships of the various equilibrium properties of a system & ii. the changes in equilibrium properties in process</p><p>AREAS OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Statistical mechanics: relate quantum chemistry with thermodynamics. Gives insight into why laws of thermodynamics hold & allows calculation of macroscopic thermodynamic properties from molecular properties. Kinetics: study of rate processes. Examples: chemical reaction, diffusion & flow of charge in an electrochemical cell.</p><p>THERMODYNAMICS Is the study of heat, work, energy and the changes they produce in the state of the systems. Work is done to achieve motion Work against an opposing force Example: process of raising a weight against the pull of gravity Energy is the capacity to do work Energy Heat is the transfer of energy as a Heat results of a temperature difference between the system & it surroundings</p><p>Thermodynamic- Basic concepts Part of the universe under study in System thermodynamics Eg: reaction vessel, engine, biological cell Universe The region outside the Surroundings system that can interact with the system</p><p>Type of system: Matter System System System Energy Energy Open system Closed system Isolated system can exchange matter & energy) (no transfer of matter, (can exchange neither energy nor matter) can exchange energy)</p><p>Thermodynamic- Basic concepts Walls: a system may be separated from its surrounding by various kind of walls: Rigid or nonrigid (movable) Permeable (allow matter to pass through) or impermeable Adiabatic (does not conduct heat at all) or nonadiabatic</p><p>Thermodynamic Properties Extensive property : property that depends on the amount of substance present in the sample Eg: mass, volume Intensive property: property that is independent of the amount of substance E.g., mass density, pressure and temperature)</p><p>STUDY SUGGESTIONS Hints on how to study Physical Chemistry: Summarize each set of notes on one page in an organized form that helps to isolate all key points: "nerd notes" Download all available handouts, including equation sheets Start working on problems with the equation sheets a.s.a.p. and do not fall behind Physical Chemistry is not a learn-by-rote discipline, but is centred upon problem-based learning. However, you must practice solving problems, deriving equations, etc. to become proficient. Review assigned and in-class problems Attend tutorials View animations and use other web resources</p>