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Module 3 - the past 1 Module 2 Daily Activities Module 3 - the past 2 Module Presentation What can we do with our routines? Can we live without them? In a way,we all have a routine. We can organize our activities (personal and professional) However, this is not an easy task, right? Sometimes we need to put some time aside, so that our day can be more fun! Well, think about your routine, and continue your journey in this amazing world of the English language. What is the correct verb tense to use to talk about routines? Which are the commonly action verbs used for this? What should I ask? Many questions....but, in this module you will learn how to deal with your routine, and others, recognize the grammatical structures presented progressively in normal daily situations of a person, their skills, ask for permission, etc.. The exercises will be your guide in the learning pro- cess and practice of the English language. Are you ready? So here we go! Module 3 - the past 3 Module objectives After the study of this module, you will be able to: • Identify and correctly use some action verbs in the Present Simple Tense to identify, speak and write about “daily activities” , frequency of activi- ties, true facts and regular actions; • Properly use the adverbs of frequency in habitual actions, styles of life, habits, etc.; • Correctly use the verbs in the Present Simple Tense and in the Present Continuous, using the 3 forms: affirmative, negative and interrogative; • Properly use the modal verb “can” to talk about skills and request permission to do something; • Read, interpret and respond to the texts present- ed in this module. Module 3 - the past 4 Module Structure This module is divided in 5 (five) classes: Class 1 - How to describe a daily routine / Affirmative form / Adverbs of frequency Class 2 - Simple Present Tense / Negative and Interroga- tive Forms Class 3 - Ability and Permission - Can / Can´t Class 4 - What are you doing? - Present Continuous / Progressive (3 forms) Class 5 - Reading Comprehension - Too Young to die Module 3 - the past 5 Class 1 How to describe a daily routine / affirmative form / adverbs of frequency 1.1 Listen to the sequestions: 1. Do you like being a police officer? 2. Do you do physicalexercise? 3. What are your activities as a police officer? OperationalorAdminis- trative? 4. What do you do at work? 5. When do you work overtime? 6. Do you work at the weekends? 1.2 Grammar Bank 1 Simple Present Tense I You We They He She It work watch do study have works watches does studies has I work every day. You watch TV in the morning. We do the reports after lunch. They study at the university. I have a nice car. He works up to late. She watches soap operas. He does his homework at night. She studies Law at the university. It has a long tail. Uses 1. To describe states, routines, time tables and regular actions; Example: • Susan takes her children to school every day. • The moon revolves around the earth. • The police carleaves the headquarter at 7:30 p.m. • King Charles II abdicates and his son Philip becomes Philip II. 2. To talk about what people do in their jobs and occupations; Example: • My best friend`s father works as a chief of police in a small town. 3. Time Expressions (Adverbs of Frequency): • always (sempre); • usually (geralmente); • often (muitas vezes); • sometimes (às vezes); • hardly ever (quase nunca) and never (nunca). Very important! The adverbs of frequency normally go before the main verb. He sometimes plays tennis. We often go to the lab. We never play tennis after work. He hardly ever forgets his technical reporting. The adverbs of frequency go after the verb To Be. I am always at school before 08:00 o`clock in the morning. Math is often quite difficult. Rules - 3rd person: He, She, It 1. Most verbs add - s: live - lives; buy - buys; talk - talks; eat - eats; 2. Verbs ending in s; sh; ch; x; o; add es: miss - misses; go - goes; wash - washes; fix - fixes; search - searches; 3. Verbs ending in a consonant followed by - y, change the - y to - ies carry - carries; study - studies; cry - cries. Module 3 - the past 6 Class 1 Simple Tense of Verb “To Be” Exercise 23: Write the he/she/it (3rd singular person) form of the follow- ing verbs. a. do _________________ b. drink _________________ c. get _________________ d. push _________________ e. say _________________ f. match _________________ g. have _________________ h. mix _________________ Exercise 24: Complete the sentences with the affirmative form of the verb in parentheses. a. I (read) _____________________ a magazine every day. b. She (like) _____________________ going to the cinema. c. They (go) _____________________ to work by subway. d. You (walk) _____________________ very slowly. e. He (finish) _____________________ his homework very fast. f. The baby (cry) _____________________ every night. g. My father (watch) ______________________the soccer game at night. Exercise 25: Put the words in order to make a sentence. a) go / they / to / on / the / Sundays / always / stadium b) dancing / usually / Fridays / on / go / you c) sometimes / winter / in / warn / is / it d) often / January / it / rains / in e) never / July / travels / she / in Thinking about it! Write true sentences about you or your family. Use one of the adverbs of frequency (always, often,usually, sometimes, never) in every sentence. Example: I always listen to music in bed. My sister usually sings in the shower. Module 3 - the past 7 Class 2 Simple Present Tense / Negative and Interrogative Forms 2.1 Grammar Bank 2 Simple Present Tense – Negative Form I You We They He She It don´t (do not) work watch do study have works watches does studies has I don’t work every day. You don’t watch TV in the morning. We don’t do the exams after lunch. They don’t study at the university. I don’t have a nice car. He doesn’t work up to late. She doesn’t watch soap operas. He doesn’t do his homework at night. She doesn’t study Law at the university. It doesn’t have a long tail. doesn´t (does not) Uses 1. To describe states, routines, time tables and regular actions, in the negative form: Example: • Susan doesn’t take her children to school every day. • My flight doesn`tleave for Paris at 7:30 p.m. • The sun doesn’ttravel round the Earth. • I usually don’tplay video games. Rules - 3rd person: He, She, It Use doesn’t + action verb: • She doesn’t like Math. • He doesn’t study Chinese. • The radio doesn’t work. Note: The action verbs used in the negative form don’t change Exercise 26: Match the two columns. 1. She likes music. ( ) My friend doesn’t study in the USA. 2. He goes to school. ( ) We don’t have English classes. 3. We have English classes. ( ) He doesn’t go to school. 4. They get up early. ( ) They don’t get up early. 5. Children like fast food. ( ) Children don’t like fast food. 6. My friend studies in the USA. ( ) She doesn’t like music. Exercise 27: Find the correct word and write into the correct place in the sentence. a. We _____________ books from the library three times a month. b. Paul never _____________ the shopping on Sundays. c. Mary _____________ very much. She is so thin. d. My brothers _____________ until 8 o’clock in the morning. e. Michael _____________ at London University. f. My little sister _____________ to much television Module 3 - the past 8 Class 2 Simple Present Tense / Negative and Interrogative Forms 2.2 Grammar Bank 3 Simple Present Tense - Interrogative Form Do Does I You We They He She It work hard? watch TV? do the homework? study at night? havea car? work hard? watch TV? do the homework? study at night? have a car? Yes, ……… do. No, ……….don’t. Yes, ………does. No, ………doesn’t. Uses : 1. To make questions about states, routines, timetables and regular actions. Example: • Does Susan take her children to school every day? Yes, she does. • Does the flight leave for Paris at 7:30 p.m.? No, it doesn’t. • Does the sun travel round the Earth? No, it doesn`t. • Do I usually play video games? No, you don’t. • Do they often go to the cinema? Yes, they do. Rules - 3rd person: He, She, It Use does + subject + action verb + the object: Does Mary like chocolate? Short Answers: • Yes, she does. • No, she doesn’t. Exercise 28: Correct the mistakes in these sentences: a. She don’t want to come with us. b. We go often to the cinema. c. This car not belongs to me. d. Vitamins is important to your diet. e. My uncle don’t like to listen to music. f. Lucy work at the hospital. She’s a nurse. Exercise 29: Complete the text about Martin’s daily routine. The number in brackets is the number of times you have to use the correct verb. have (2x) / make / finish / play / talk / use / go (4x) / help / get / do / turn Martin gets up at 7:30 and _____________ a shower every day. He usually _____________ breakfast at home. Then he _____________ dressed and _____________ to work by bus. He works in a bank from 08:30 am to 6:00 pm. He __________ n’t like his job very much. He __________ lunch in a restaurant close to the bank. He usually __________ to his col- leagues about holidays, money and sports. He __________ his work and Module 3 - the past 9 Class 2 Past Continuous or Past Progressive Tense he __________ back home. There he __________ on the TV to listen to the news. Then, he __________ dinner. He sometimes __________ out for dinner at the weekends. After dinner he __________ his wife doing the washing up and after that he __________ video games with his kids. At 10:00 he __________ the Internet. Finally, he __________ to bed at midnight. Exercise 30 - Answer the questions. a. Do you play video games? b. Does your father sleep late? c. Do you like your job? d. Do your parents live in an apartment? e. Does your mother cook? f. Do you go to the movies at/in/on the weekends? Important: Prepositions A few differences in preposition use: American English - on the weekend British English - at the weekend Thinking about it! Write a small paragraph about your daily routine (work, home, free time, etc). Module 3 - the past 10 Class 3 Ability and Permission (Can x Can’t) 3.1 Grammar Bank 4 Modal Verb: Can I You He, she, it You We They I You He, she, is She It You We They CAN can can’t I You He, she,it You We They play the piano. swim very well. play volleyball. speak two languages. play the piano. swim very well. play volleyball. speak any foreign language. play the piano? swim very well? play volleyball? speak English? Short Answers Yes ….can No…..can’t Uses: 1. To express the idea of ability (to be able to); Ability: • She ..... speak four languages. • They ..... write a novel. • ..... we run a marathon? Yes, we ..... . / No, we ..... . • I ..... draw anything. 2. To be allowed to do something. Permission: • We ..... use the computers. • You ..... talk during the exam. • ..... I open the window? Yes, you ..... . / No, you ..... . Exercise 31: Make sentences with can and can’t. Example: I (√) dance (x) sing I can dance, but I can’t sing. a. My cat (√) swim (x) jump. b. My sister (√) ride a bike (x) drive a car c. Elephants (√) jump (x) run d. Amy (√) skate (x) ride a horse e. We (√) play the piano (x) play soccer Exercise 32: Complete the short answers. a. Can penguins fly? No, _____. _____ . b. Are you tired? Yes, ______________ . Module 3 - the past 11 Class 3 Ability and Permission (Can x Can’t) Class 4 What are you doing now? c. Does your grandmother live in Brazil? Yes, _____ ____. d. Can you spell the word SECURITY ? Yes, ____ _______ . e. Can your brother drive? No, ____ ______. f. Can we read your e-mail? Yes, _________. g. Can you do this exercise? Yes, _______. h. Is this exercise difficult? No, ______ 4.1 Grammar Bank 5 Present Continuous or Present Progressive Tense Uses: To talk about: 1. Things happening now. EX: Look! It is raining again. 2. Temporary activities. EX: My brother is a teacher, but he is working in a restaurant at the moment. 2. Situations of change (Situações de mudança). The hole in the ozone layer is getting bigger. 4.1 Grammar Bank 5 Present Continuous or Present Progressive Tense Attention! The verbs listed below, are not used in this tense, according to the ideas that they express. Know; mean; understand; remember; forget; like; dislike; prefer; love; want; need; have ( = possess); belong (to); smell; hear; see. I am meaning that you are wrong. I mean you are wrong. She isn’t understanding this formula. She doesn’t understand this formula. Module 3 - the past 12 Class 4 What are you doing now? Affirmative Form I You He, She, It You We They I You He, She, It You We They Am I Are you Is he Is she Is it Are you Are we Are they Verb To Be (am, is, are) + (action verb + ing) • I am listening to music now. • At the moment my father is sleeping. • We are preparing the speech Subject + the negative of Verb To Be (am, is, are) not + action verb + ing • I am not dreaming. • He isn’t watching TV right now. • We aren’t doing our homework now. Verb To Be + Pronoun/Subject + action verb – ing + ? Am I working now? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t. Is she working at the party? Yes, she is / No, she isn’t Are they studying now? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. Negative Form Interrogative Form Remember: Short answers Yes, I am. No, I am not. Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it isn’t. Yes, we/you/they are. No, we/you/they aren’t. Rules: 1. In general add - ing watch – watching pass - passing read - reading drink – drinking happen - hapening walk - walking 2. Verbs ending with e, drop the letter e, add - ing survive – surviving behave – behaving dive - diving hide – hiding 3. Verbs of one syllable ending in a consonant preceded by one vowel have the final consonant doubled before adding – ing stop - stopping hit - hitting sit - sitting run - running Attention! Os verbos to travel (viajar) e to worship (adorar) podem ter as duas grafias: traveling / travelling worshiping / worshipping 4. Verbs of two or more syllables ending in a consonant preceded by a vowel have the final consonant doubled, before adding – ing if the stressed syllable is the last.: refer - referring occur - occurring Module 3 - the past 13 Class 4 What are you doing now? 5. The verbs lie (mentir), tie (amarrar), die (morrer) exchange the ie before the adding of – ing: lie - liying tie – tiying die – diying Note: No change occurs with verbs ending with in y, regardless of wheth- er a vowel or consonant before the final y. study – studying enjoy – enjoying Fonte: Livro Macmillan English Grammar in Context Exercise 33: Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. What are they doing? a. The cop ____________________ the police car. b. They are at the Police Station. They ____________________ to the commissioner. c. Mary and Carmem ____________________ TV now. d. They ____________________ soccer. e. Paul ____________________ a bike. F. We ____________________ on the sofa. Exercise 34: Rewrite these sentences in the negative form: 1. She is eating an egg sandwich. 2. We are taking some photos. 3. They are drinking a milkshake. 4. I am getting nervous about my test. Exercise 35: Ask the questions andanswer using the Present Continuous Tense. Give short answers: Example: (the children/play?) / Yes Are the children playing? Yes, they are. 1. (that clock / work?) / No 2. (you/ write / a letter?) / Yes 3. (he/ listen to/ radio?) / No 4. (your parents / stay / hotel ?) / Yes 5. (you / feel well ?) No 6. ( Paul / have a shower / moment ? ) No Module 3 - the past 14 Exercise 36: Correct the mistakes in these sentences: a. She’s studing hard for tomorrow’s exam. b. We are remembering him very well. c. We don’t visiting Toledo. It’s not part of our plans. d. They have lunch with some friends now. e. We don’t learn Spanish at the moment. f. I am teach English right now. Exercise 37: Translate these sentences into English: a. Você está usando a mesma camisa. b. Ela está ouvindo a professora? c. Eu não consigo enxergar nada. d. Estou pensando em comprar um dicionário bilíngue. e. Ele está jantando sozinho hoje a noite. Thinking about it ! Write 5 sentences about what you or your family/friends are doing now. ( at home, atwork, etc…) Class 4 What are you doing now? Class 5 Reading Comprehension Too young to work Child Labor is a hot topic, because approximately one in six children in the world, is engaged in child labor, which means 158 million children be- tween 5 to 14 years old. This is a huge number, considering that they are forced to work in hard, and often dangerous jobs, such as: labor on plantations, mine pre- cious metals, pick up trash in municipal dumps or even work in factories. The worst part is that they don’t go to school, because some of them are enslaved, trafficked, abused and exposed to danger. Thus, in 1959, the United Nations (UN), created the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, and later in 1973, the UN established that children aged 12 and above, could work, provided that the work does not adversely affect children`s health, development and specially in their school education. The largest number of child workers in the 5 to 14 group is sadly hided in The Asian and Pacific regions, sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, because they still don’t have laws to protect the child labors. Because of this intolerable situation, some important world leaders, gath- ered at the UN, and are creating a worldwide movement called The Millen- nium Development Goals for 2015, to end the extreme poverty and ensur- ing education for all children. We know that governments around the world need to take strong measures to end slave labor of children, but what about us? As human be- ings … what we can do? On an individual level, we can stop buying products produced by child labor. As for the police, it is appropriate to confront the problem with crackdown on offenders and victim assistance. Stay informed and very alert, read the newspaper, ask, discuss, think and check the websites. Remember that this is also our problem, because by using products made by children we are unwitting beneficiaries of child labor. (Adapted from World Issues Magazine – Richmond) Module 3 - the past 15 Exercise 38: Choose the correct option, according to the article above. • Kids aged 12 ..... work if they don’t study. a) can b) can’t c) is • The Declaration on Rights of the Child ..... reinforced in every coun- try in the world. a) is b) isn’t c) aren’t • Individuals ..... help stop child labor. a) can b) can’t c) isn’t Class 5 Reading Comprehension • The Declaration of the Rights of the Child, was created in ..... . a) 1973 b) 1959 c) 2015 • The Millennium Development Goals for 2015 is a ..... . a) worldwide declaration b) worldwide movement c) worldwide strike • The underlined words in the text are sequentially correct: a) a number; the negative form of the verb does; an adverb of fre- quency; an adjective; a modal verb b) a number; an adverb of frequency; the negative form of the verb does; an adjective; a modal verb c) a number; an adverb of frequency; an adjective; a modal verb; the negative form of the verb does Module 3 - the past 16 Ending In this module you have studied about the action verbs in the Simple Present Tense to describe routines and real facts, as well as, the Present Continuous Tense to talk about actions that are happening now. Practiced the modal verb can/can´t to talk about abilities and permissions, and the adverbs of frequency in actions in the present tense. Practiced the understanding of short texts and/or dialogues, that show gradually the grammar used in this module. Module 3 - the past 17 Module 2 Daily Activities - GABARITO Exercise 23: a. does b. drinks c. gets d. pushes e. says f. matches g. has h. mixes Exercise 24: a. read b. likes c. go d. walk e. finishes f. cries g. watches Exercise 25: a) On Sundays they always go to the stadium. or They always go to the stadium on Sunday. b) You usually go dancing on Fridays. c) It is sometimes warm in winter. d) It often rains in January. e) She never travels in July. Exercise 26: 1. ( 6 ) 2. ( 3 ) 3. ( 2 ) 4. ( 4 ) 5. ( 5 ) 6. ( 1 ) Exercise 27: a. borrow b. does c. doesn’t eat d. don’t get up e. studies f. watches Exercise 28: a. doesn`t b. often go c. doesn’t d. are e. doesn’t f. works Exercise 29: has / has / gets / goes / does / has / talks / finishes / goes / turns / makes / goes / helps / plays / use / goes Exercise 30: a. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. b. Yes, he does. / No he doesn’t. c. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. d. Yes, they do. / No, they don’t. e. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t f. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.I Exercise 31: a. My cat can swim, but it can’t jump. b. My sister can ride a bike, but she can’t drive a car. c. Elephants can jump, but they can’t run. d. Amy can skate, but she can’t ride a horse. e. We can play the piano, but we can’t play soccer. Exercise 32: a. they can’t b. I am c. she does d. I can e. he can’t Module 3 - the past 18 f. you can g. I / we can h. it isn’t Exercise 33: a. is driving b. are talking c. are watching d. are playing e. is riding f. are sitting Exercise 34: 1. She isn’t eating an egg sandwich. 2. We aren’t taking some photos. 3. They aren’t drinking a milkshake. 4. I am not getting nervous about my test. Exercise 35: 1. Is that clock working? / No,it isn’t. 2. Are you writing a letter? / Yes,I am. 3. Is he listening to the radio? / No, he isn’t. 4. Are your parents staying at the hotel? / Yes, they are. 5. Are you feeling well? / No, I am not. 6. Is Paul having a shower at the moment? / No, he isn’t. Exercise 36: a. studying b. remember c. are not d. are having e. aren’t learning f. teaching Exercise 37: a. You are wearing the same shirt. b. Is she listening to the teacher? c. I can’t see anything. d. I am thinking of buying a bilingual dictionary. e. He`s having dinner alone tonight. Exercise 38: • Kids aged 12 ..... work if they don’t study. b) can’t • The Declaration on Rights of the Child ..... rein- forced in every country in the world. b) isn’t • Individuals ..... help stop child labor. a) can • The Declaration of the Rights of the Child, was created in ..... . b) 1959 • The Millennium Development Goals for 2015 is a ..... . b) worldwide movement • The underlined words in the text are sequen- tially correct: b) a number; an adverb of frequency; the nega- tive form of the verb does; an adjective; a modal verb Module 2 Daily Activities - GABARITO