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PARTE I	
ABOUT – ABOVE – ACROSS – AFTER – AGAINST – AHEAD OF – ALONG – ALONGSIDE – AMONG – APART FROM – AROUND – AS – AS FOR – AS TO – AT – AWAY FROM
ABOUT – Como preposição, pode indicar: Duração, proximidade, posição, movimento, etc.
	1 – Hora aproximada. 
 Ex: a) Let’s meet about 6:30 at the bus stop.
 b) I get up about 6 o’clock every day.
	2 – Duração aproximada. 
 Ex.: a) Why don’t you stay with us? This meeting will last about fifteen
 minutes.	
 b) She arrived in this country about two months ago and doesn’t know our 
 language.
	3 – Posição aproximada. 
 Ex.: a) Don’t leave empty bottles lying about the park.´
 b) Where is my cell phone? I’m sure I left it about my bedroom somewhere. 
	4 – Aqui e acolá. 
 Ex: a) She’s sad and spends the morning wandering about the hall.
 b) I’ve been walking about these streets all morning trying to find my son.
	5 – Em relação a um assunto particular.
 Ex.: a) Don’t talk about politics, it’s really boring.
 b) He wrote a book about butterflies.
	6 – Indicando movimento circular. 
 Ex.: a) The birds were flying about the roof.
 b) We spent the morning watching the French squadron parading about our.
 military base
ABOVE – Dá noção de posição na parte superior, porém excluindo o contato físico.
	1 – Sobre, acima de. 
+ Ex.: a) The plane was above the clouds.
 b) She rented a room above a police station. 
	2 – De classe superior ou maior que alguém ou algo em importância.
 Ex.: a) A colonel is above a major.
 b) She’s so smug that she thinks she’s above everyone else.
	3 – Acima, no sentido abstrato (de não se comparar a algo ou alguém).
 Ex.: a) Don’t be a fool. You should be above such poor nonsenses.
 b) I guess Liz is the one reliable here. She’s above any reproach. 
ACROSS – Através, de lado a lado, no outro lado.
	1 – De um lado ao outro (geralmente na superfície).
 Ex.: a) Can you swim across the river to the other side? 
	 b) The lion escaped from the cage and ran across the open field.
	2 – Posição relativa e delimitada.
 Ex.: a)“Is our house near the post office?” “Yes, it’s across the main street.”
	 b) If you look across the lake, you’ll see my house.
AFTER – Apresenta grande variedade na sua aplicação. Exige, portanto, cuidadoso estudo. 
 Expressa idéia de: conexão, acordo, perseguição, memória, entre outras.
	
	1 – Perseguição;procura por alguém ou alguma coisa.
 Ex.: a) Our dog likes to run after every car that passes in front of the house.
 b) I’m sure I’ll find my brother-in-law when I get home. He’s after some money.
	2 – Relação um tanto inferior.
 Ex.: a) André Agasse is ranked second in the Tennis World Championship, only after Guga, the best of all.
 b) Congratulations! You’re the best student in our class, but after me, of 
 course.
	3 - Em uma posição atrás ou a seguir. Ordem, tempo ou lugar
 Ex.: a) Congratulations! You also passed the exam; your name comes right after mine on the list.
	 b) I’m still on vacation; see you after carnival.
 4- Definindo uma ação continuada.
 Ex: a) It’s no surprise for me her nerve rack. She keeps on working week after week without stopping. 
 b) Time after time I’ve been telling you I love you, but you don’t believe me. 
5 – Fazendo comparação.
 Ex.: a) That painting is beautiful, but it’s nothing after the Rembrandt’s I saw
Minutes ago.
 b) Jessica seemed so intelligent after the rest of her class.
6 – Preocupação; saber a respeito.
 Ex.: a) When you call Sarah, don’t forget to ask after her health.
 b) The first thing she did when she arrived was to ask after the child’s 
 disappearance.
7- Apesar de.
 Ex: a) After all the help I gave him with his English exam, he got a terrible score.
 b) Brenda couldn’t attend our meeting after her great wish to do so.
8 – Em memória ou homenagem.
 Ex.: a) He received that famous name after his father.
 b) Tom Jobim is now the name of the International Airport in Rio de Janeiro 
 after that famous song writer.
9- Pela razão de. Tem o mesmo sentido de (because of).
 Ex: a) After what you said to Laura last night, she won’t see you again.
 b) Chris was finally fired after his many reproaches towards the company.
10- De estilo semelhante ou típico.
 Ex: a) I’ll never forget that wonderful concert after Mozart I watched last night.
 b) Somerset Maugham had the example of the greatest short stories after 
 Guy De Maupassant.
Obs: Outros casos de preposições compostas incluindo after:
After all – A despeito de problemas ou dúvidas.
 Ex: a) The fight in the audience stopped, so the show will go ahead after all.
 b) Johnny can’t regret the end of his partnership with Bruce. They 
 made a lot of money together after all.
After you – Depois que você utilizar.
 Ex: a) After you with the sugar, daddy.
 b) Never mind, my dear, I have time enough. After you, please.
After effects – Efeitos, geralmente negativos, que seguem um evento, acidente, etc.
 Ex: a) The after effects of the Iraqi war are still being felt with greater intensity now than during the conflict.
 b) Nobody knows the after effects of Sadam Hussein’s execution 
 for the Iraqui people. 
AGAINST – Seu sentido denota posição contrária, hostilidade, garantia, reação, proximidade, etc.
	1 – Próximo e Tocando, ou sendo apoiado por algo diretamente.
	 Ex: a) From here you can see my brother, he’s the one in jeans leaning against that tree.
 b) When we’re together, I like to feel the warmth of her body against mine. 
 
	2 – Estar contrário a alguma coisa.
	 Ex.: a) Definitely, I’m against the beginning of the championship this weekend.
 b) Charles left the meeting. He said he’s against our hiring new people this
 year.
 
	3 – Não dar apoio. 
	 Ex.: a) All the students are against the counselor promoting another rally to save the institution.
 b) Most citizens are against the ban of fire weapons free trade in Brazil.
	4 – Garantir-se em um seguro. Indicando proteção.
	 Ex: a) If you want to have a new car, don’t forget to take out an insurance policy against robbery.
 b) Before they arrived in the country, they had to be vaccinated against malaria.
 5 – Fazendo comparação. Fundo ou em segundo plano.
 Ex: a) He’s a great painter. All his works look good against simple canvases.
 b) We didn’t get the same amount for the job. Stevie received $ 300,00 against my $125,00.
AHEAD OF – Indica precedência, o que vai à frente.
	 Ex.: a) Helen is the best student in class; she’s always ahead of the other schoolmates in every situation.
	 b) The teacher entered the room five minutes ahead of his time and saw Jane writing bad words on the blackboard. 
ALONG – Ao longo. Na mesma direção, ao lado.
	1 – No espaço. 
 Ex.: a) My favorite hobby is to walk along the promenade very early in the morning; it keeps me in shape.
 b) We spent the whole morning talking and waking along the river.
 c) She got a ticket for parking her car on the sidewalk along the hospital wall.
2 – No tempo.
 Ex.: a) If youreally want to buy that surfboard of your dreams try to save money along the year.
 b) She’s been working for me since last year and has never been absent along the way (durante este tempo).
ALONGSIDE – Significa estar em posição próxima; ao lado ou junto.
	
 Ex:: a) The two cars kept running alongside each other in high speed and for much time. They almost crashed.
 b) The baseball team refused to play alongside the newcomers.
 
AMONG – (ou AMONGST) – Cercado ou no meio de. Parte de um grupo de pessoas ou coisas.
	1 – Em um grupo
	 Ex.: a) If you live most of your days among cultured people, you’re likely to become one like them.
 b) Among other things, I’ve worked in the Amazon forest as a tour guide.
 
	2 – Pertencente a um conjunto
	 Ex.: a) Among Shakespeare’s great novels, Hamlet is the one, which most captures the imagination.
 b) Robinho is a gifted soccer player. He’s my favorite amongst the best in the world. 
Obs.: É preciso diferenciar esta preposição de outra do mesmo grupo: (AMID ou AMIDST) que é usada no caso de nomes incontáveis.
	 Ex.: a) How could you stay so calm amidst such big confusion?
 b) Even tired and amid an incredible noise, I managed to finish my report about the accident.
APART FROM – Dá noção de exceção e distância. 
	1 – Exceção.
	Ex.: a) I like all kinds of movies apart from science fiction.
 b) I’ll tell you a secret and nobody should know it apart from us.
 
	2 – Distância.
	Ex.: a) I’m glad for these school vacations apart from those boring philosophy classes.
 b) To accommodate the new employees, the company built another lodging apart from the factory.
EXERCÍCIOS
(Que tal praticarmos um pouco?).
	Estude separadamente as preposições: ABOUT, ABOVE e ACROSS e tente resolver os seguintes exercícios:
1 – Preencha os espaços com a preposição adequada.
a) Let’s have a break an eat something. How about that fast food restaurant just _________ the street? 
b) In the apartment _____________ mine lives a sweet old lady.
c) The cat was very smart and quickly ran ______________ the yard to catch the mouse on the other side.
d) She’s impatiently walking ______________ the station, waiting for the next train, which is very late.
e) I don’t care what they say. I’m _____________ such small talks.
f) Luckily the bank was quite empty. It took me only ____________ 15 minutes to deposit your money.
g) Henry is very upset with his schoolmates. Henry says they’re boring and never talk _____________ relevant matters.
h) The flight commandant was not allowed to land. The weather was foggy and he couldn’t see _____________ the runway.
i) Much of what is known ___________ the Mayan today has been deciphered from their hieroglyphic writing.
j) Rio Niterói bridge was built more than 20 years ago ___________ Guanabara bay.
2 – Reescreva as frases abaixo, aplicando as preposições que se pede.
a) The class will finish five minutes after 9:00 pm (ABOUT).
_____________________________________________.
b) In the military rank a captain has more power than a sergeant (ABOVE).
______________________________________________.
c) The wife complains everytime the husband leaves his clothes here and there in the bedroom (ABOUT).
______________________________________________.
d) After robbing the old lady, the thief disappeared by running on the street to the other side. (ACROSS).
______________________________________________.
e) Why don’t you forget her? She’s so mean and you’re worth more than her hypocrisy (ABOVE).
______________________________________________.
 f ) Our street became a lake after the flood and we could swim from one side to the other ( ACROSS ).
 ______________________________________________.
 
3 – Escolha agora as frases que melhor complementam o diálogo abaixo. Siga o exemplo.
TINA: You’re so quite, Alex: What happened?
ALEX: I was thinking __________________________________________________.
TINA: I saw you walking alone ___________________________________________.
ALEX: Not much, I couldn’t get to sleep.
TINA: why didn’t you come up for a chat? _____________________________________.
ALEX: I didn’t want to bother you.
TINA: Or you could have knocked at Jason’s door, ____________________________.
ALEX: I’m sure he was sleeping, __________________________________________.
TINA: What was wrong with you, after all?
ALEX: _____________________________. I’m very sleepy now.
( ) I was just above you.
( ) I looked across the window and it was in the dark.
( ) Can we talk about this tomorrow?
( ) About last 1night
( ) About the school court, were you ok?
( ) He sleeps in front of you just across the hall.
	Passe às preposições: AFTER, AGAINST e AHEAD OF. Estude-as antes de resolver as questões seguintes.
1 – Coloque na ordem correta estas palavras a fim de formar frases com sentido. A primeira já está resolvida. 
a) Wife’s / after / same / the / was / his / never / death / he.
 He was never the same after his wife’s death.
b) Against / to write / is / the pen / to press / the nib / of / the paper.
________________________________________________________________.
c) Your health / the party / met / asked / I / at / after / Anna / and / she.
________________________________________________________________.
d) On weekends / home / midnight / I / get / after / usually.
________________________________________________________________.
e) Vote / Brazil / ahead of / the U.S.A./ electronic / in terms of / is .
________________________________________________________________.
f) He / hands / and / to dry / the / fire / them / his / against / put / washed.
________________________________________________________________.
g) To Calculate / epidemic/ of the / impossible / it’s / after effects / the
 _______________________________________________________________.
h) To sell / against / had / she / the house / her / even / wishes.
_______________________________________________________________.
 
2 – Complete as frases unindo corretamente as duas lacunas:
a) Most players are				 ( ) After the president who has inaugurated it.
b) They named the bridge			 ( ) Ahead of the correct time.
c) Unless you run 	 ( ) Against social injustice.
d) Bob is never late, his watch is always	 ( ) Against the change of their game master.
e) Every citizen ought to fight	 ( ) Ahead of the whole class.
f) She finished the test		 ( ) After the bus, you won’t get it.
3 – Tente formar frases utilizando as palavras e as preposições dadas, siga o exemplo.
	Ex.: Paul, ahead of, run
	 Paul is very fast; he gets ahead of me everytime we run.
a) Against, wind, walk
__________________________________.
b) My father, after, sick
__________________________________.
c) Ahead of, Leonardo da Vinci, ideas
__________________________________.
d) After, play, class
__________________________________.
e) Franchise, against, minors
__________________________________.
f) After / life / death
__________________________________.
 g) Marie / intelligent / ahead of
__________________________________.
	Vamos praticar com um novo grupo de preposições: ALONG, ALONGSIDE, AMONG (AMONGST) – não se descuide da sua variação (AMID, AMIDST) e (APART FROM).
1 – Escolha a opção que for a mais correta para completar a frase:
a) Steve feels very happy when he is.
( ) Alongside his brother.
( ) Among his brothers.
( ) Apart from his brother.
b) My dog is very week. It hasn’t eaten anything.
( ) Along the day.
( ) Apart from the day.
( ) Alongside the day.
c) Nobody else knows about the accident.
( ) Apart from me.
( ) Amid me.
( ) Along me.
d) No wonder you feel stressed after more than three hours.
( )Along such a terrible noise.
( ) Among such a terrible noise.
( ) Amid such a terrible noise.
( ) Apart from such a terrible noise.
e) Both competitors ended in first and won the swimming contest.
		( ) Along each other.
		( ) Among each other.
		( ) Amid each other.
		( ) Alongside each other.
f) In spelling, he wrote a good composition.
 ( ) Along some mistakes
 ( ) Amid some mistakes
 ( ) Apart from some mistakes
2 – A partir de um substituto, complete as frases utilizando uma das preposições que estão sendo trabalhadas. Siga o exemplo.
	He works among intelligent people.
a) A tremendous traffic.
 He works s amid a tremendous traffic.
b) His family.
 He works apart from his family.
c) Cars and buses.
He works among cars and buses.
d) Many hours.
He works along many hours.
e) His young son.
He works apart from his young sun.
f) The confusion of the traffic.
 
 He Works amidst the confusion of the traffic.
3 – Reescreva as frases abaixo usando as preposições que se pede entre parênteses.
a) You’re allowed to play with any kids in our neighborhood, but you can’t play with Tommy (APART FROM).
You can play with any children in our neighborhood apart from tommy.
b) This beach is usually very crowded and after sunset one can see much trash (ALONG).
This beach is usually very crowded and after the sunset one can see much traffic along the coast.
c) For saving the child, the fireman had to face the fire (AMID).
For saving the child the fireman had to work amid the fire.
d) Jurassic Park is one of Steven Spielberg’s most exciting films (AMONG).
Among Steven Spilberg’s films, Jurassic Park is one of the most exciting.
e) He won’t mind if you park your car by the side of his truck (ALONGSIDE).
He won’t mind if you park your car alongside his truck.
f) Helen Hunt played together with Jack Nicholson in the excellent “As Good As it Gets” (ALONGSIDE).
Helen Hunt played alongside Jack Nicholson in the excellent “As Good As It Gets”.
	Passemos agora às preposições que restaram a fim de concluirmos este primeiro grupo.
 AROUND – Também possui grande variedade de aplicações, a saber:
	
	1 – Em uma direção circular.
Ex.: a) Rock around the clock is a famous song of the sixties.
 b) It takes the earth 365 days to go around the sun.
 	2 – Aproximadamente; em relação a tempo, quantidade, etc.
Ex.: a) He promised to be waiting for me around here somewhere.
 b) Around 300 hundred people watched the final performance of the Mouse Trap.
 c) My uncle loves Belo Horizonte. He moved away last month to live somewhere around the capital.
	3 – Aqui e acolá. 
Ex: a) She got too nervous this morning and started throwing things around the room.
 b) You can get around this city so easily, things are never very far.
	4 – Envolvendo por todos os lados.
 Ex.: a) The poor sick man, with so many people around him, became breathless.
 b) A lake is an area of water with land all around it.
AS – Como preposição significa: como ou na qualidade de.
	Ex: a) He is now the company director, but he started as an office boy fifteen years ago.
 b) The Beatles have been described by the critics as one of the best rock groups of the 20th century. 
AS FOR – Tem um sentido de referência a alguma coisa, (em geral depreciador).
	Ex.: a) As for Brenda’s bad behavior during our meetings, we won’t tolerate anymore.
 b) … and as for those boring meetings with Carlos, forget them. He was fired last week.
 
AS FROM (OF) – Indica uma duração indeterminada a partir de um dado tempo.
	Ex.: a) As from Friday a new manager will be taking over our sales department.
 b) As of next week all the taxi’s fares will be going up.
 
AS TO – Relativo a – Mais formal que as for.
	Ex.: a) As to the expansion of our exportation sector, the company has agreeded to start it next week.
 b) I did very well in the interview for the job. As to the written questions, I’m not so sure. 
AT – Possui diversas aplicações.Indica posição, hora, proximidade, direção, condição etc.
1- Indo em uma direção generalizada.
Ex.: a) Don’t throw stones at your brother; you may hurt him.
 b) She was so nervous as he looked at her body with serious but very happy eyes.
2- Posição exata.
Ex.: a) Let’s meet at the entrance of Royal Cafe.
 b) He still goes to the same restaurant and sits at the same table.
3- Posição aproximada.
Ex.: a) If you go now, you may see Charles at the hall. He’s just left.
 b) I wrote my report at a restaurant on the border.
4- Hora exata ou época particular.
Ex.: a) I’m leaving home at 7:30 tomorrow morning and hope to reach downtown at 8:15.
 b) It was at the age of fifty that he discovered his interest in acting.
5- Área específica de um assunto; julgando uma habilidade.
Ex.: a) You have to know Henry, he’s very good at wall climbing.
 b) After studying this book you’ll become very good at English prepositions.
 
6- Quantidade. Para designar preço, temperatura, velocidade, etc.
Ex: a) The price for a single room starts at R$ 120,00.
 b) Driving at 100 km/hour is a dangerous.You can cause an accident.
 
7- Estado, condição ou atividade contínua.
Ex: a) For many years Israel and Palestine have been at war.
 b) I love visiting that park and watching the children at play.
 8- Causa; sentimento em relação a algo.
 Ex: a) He tries to be always funny but nobody laughs at his jokes.
 b) Don’t be angry at your brother. He’s just a young kid.
 9- Usada antes de um superlativo.
 Ex: a) Selling those false products will cost you at least three years in jail.
 b) You can come to my house to stay for five days at most. 
AWAY FROM – Possui o sentido de distância e afastamento.
1- Deixando um objeto, pessoa ou lugar.
Ex.: a) The little lamb ran away from the flock and got lost.
 b) He jumped on the water and started to get away from the boat.
2- Fisicamente distante.
Ex.: a) Janet was tired of the low temperature and moved away from the south of France to Paris.
 b) When at the Zoo, remember to keep away from the big animals.
EXERCÍCIOS
	Agora vamos praticar começando com: AROUND, AS e AS FOR.
1 - Complete os espaços com a devida preposição.
a) After years of reclusion I can address you once more ______ the president of this nation.
b) Why don’t you stop the child from throwing things ______ our bedroom? It’s a mess.
c) _____ a member of this institution, you should partake our meetings more regularly.
d) I love to teach this class. _____ the morning group, I have to admit my reservations.
e) “What time do you get home?” “Pretty late, ______ midnight.”
f) I loved India when I went there last year. _____ the food, I couldn’t stand it.
g) In the future a personal spacecraft will cost ______ £ 325.000.
 h) Cigarette smoking and high blood pressure are seen by researchers ____ the main cause of heart attacks.
2 - Coloque estas palavras na ordem correta para formar frases com sentido.
a) Money / I / as for / love / work / the / can’t / same / say / I
____________________________________________________.
b) Around / streets / strolling / exercise / these / wonderful / a / is
____________________________________________________.
c) He / as / player / competition / the / of / best / category / his / the / finished
____________________________________________________.
d) Composer / she / but / singing / forget / should / as for / is / Ann / lovely / a / it / with / band / the
____________________________________________________.
e) House / didn’t / if / I’d / noon / have / to work / until / around / I / the / sleep
____________________________________________________.
f) Jane / Tomorrow / leather / as / manager / the / of / department / starts / the
____________________________________________________.
g) Andy / kids / a tutor / working / learning center / for / is / as / in a.
____________________________________________________.
 
h) Waiting for / spent / around / Pam / boyfriend / an hour / his /.
____________________________________________________.
3 – Refaça estas frases usando a preposição adequada: AROUND, AS ou AS FOR
a) Johnny works for an Air Line. He’s a flight attendant.
Johnny works for an Air Line as a flight attendant_______________ 
b) I went to bed nearly 11:00 last night.
_______________________________________________________
c) Holding hands, enclosing the little child, I could count eight Indians.
________________________________________________________
d) Talking about your brother, he doesn’t need our help. Isn’t he the bad boy?
________________________________________________________
e) We should arrive at the train station a little after 2:00 pm.
 _________________________________________________________.
f) In the capacity of the leader of this group, I have the last word.
 _________________________________________________________.
g) Susan can’t speak a word during the class; Janet just follows suit 
 _________________________________________________________.
4 - Tente agora compor três frases com a preposição AROUND usando diferentes aplicações. Consulte a lista.
 Passemos agora aos exercícios com as preposições restantes deste grupo: AS FROM (OF), AS TO, AT e AWAY FROM.
1 - Complete os espaços com a preposição adequada.
a) I can’t understand Helen. She’s always laughing ______ me.
b) I don’t know for sure but ____ Monday our staff may be wearing a new uniform.
c) Turn your first left and you may find what you want _____ the end of the aisle. 
d) He set up his things, gained speed and flew ____ the hill hangliding in the distance.
e) Don’t play too hard; I’m not very good ____ tennis.
f) She left her country to live abroad but couldn’t resist much ______ her people. She was back after five months.
g) I’m late for work. I have to prepare my report and start the meeting ___ 9:30.
h) _____ next Saturday the day light savings time will again change many people’s habits.
i) The meeting is over and, _____ the newcomers please remain in the waiting room.
j) Your lovely wife and all family members made each of us feel _____ home.
2 - Escolha a opção que for a mais apropriada para completar a frase.
a) His car broke down and, __________, he lost the race.
( ) At the group.
( ) Away from the group.
( ) As from the group.
b) The mother, after two years of pain and hope, met her son ___________ on a TV talk show.
( ) Away from Christmas.
( ) As to Christmas.
( ) At Christmas.
c) ___________, my favorite music is rock.
( ) As to me.
( ) As for me.
( ) At me.
d) Everybody can drive and talk on the cellular phone but, ________, one may get a ticket for that.
( ) Away from next year.
( ) As of next year. 
( ) As to next year.
e) He left the station _____________ on the platform.
( ) Waving at everybody.
( ) Waving away from everybody.
( ) Waving as for everybody.
3 - Responda a estas perguntas utilizando uma das preposições que estão sendo trabalhadas.
Ex.: When do you go to work?
 I start work at three.
a) How long did you live in the U.S.A.? Did you miss your family?
_____________________________________________________________.
b) Where do you want to meet for dinner tonight?
_____________________________________________________________.
c) Let’s talk about the new elections, what about your preferences?
_____________________________________________________________.
d) I missed the president’s speech on TV last night last night. Did he say something new?
_____________________________________________________________.
e) Susan’s father is coming back after many years. What do you think may have happened in the past when she was a child?
_____________________________________________________________.
 f) Are there any plans in the government to raise taxes?
_____________________________________________________________.
	Agora, nesta fase de exercícios, vamos trabalhar com todas as preposições estudadas até aqui.
1- Tente resolver este jogo de palavras cruzadas ao completar as frases com a preposição certa.
	
	
	
	 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
ACROSS
1- Rock _________ the clock is a famous hit of the sixties.
3- _______ next year there won’t be any children out of school.
4- The old lady was in trouble and needed help to get ______ the wide street.
5- Everybody, ______ the old and sick people, will have to abandon their animals and start to walk.
7- He writes wonderful plays, most of them ______ the style of Bernard Shaw.
8- He was the only one who manifested _______ the director’s speech.
9- Thanks to a miracle he’s still alive after a long time _______ such intense fire.
10- Columbus was a remarkable man. His ideas were always _____ his time.
DOWN
1- I think that for the first time Carol is in love.She can’t stay five minutes without speaking. 
 _______her new boyfriend.
2- All the players carried the coach in the air while the crowd acclaimed him _______the hero of the game.
3- The terrible tornado caused big damage in the city and lots of families had to move ______their homes.
4- You have to talk to Nancy about this issue. She’s the manager and is ________me in this company.
6- Children wear costumes and go trick or treat _______Halloween.
7- He won the race completely exhausted and fainted ________the ambulance.
6- That was a piece of cake. _______our next game, I’m sure it won’t be so easy.
2- Leia com atenção o texto abaixo e complete os espaços com a devida preposição de acordo com a relação que se segue.
1_______the beginning of the year the UN approved a solution asking for the suspension of the death penalty 2_______the world. Once the death penalty was reintroduced in the US in 1976, 3________670 execution has taken place. In Texas more than 20 percent of the population is, however, 4________the death penalty. The UN commission proposes a moratorium on executions 5________a first step toward a definitive abolition. The resolution was proposed by the European Union, which is concerned 6________the large number of executions worldwide, but especially in the US. American senator George Moose defended the executions saying that international law does not prohibit capital punishment for first degree murder 7_________a fair trial. American public opinion only cares 8________a fair trial. However, the US has been executing mentally disturbed inmates and people under 18 9________the time of the crime, which is forbidden by international law. 10 _________people outside the US there’s a level of concern 11_________the end of executions and organized campaigns 12________the death penalty take place everywhere 13_______the world.
	1- a) About		b) Across	c) At		d) Around
	2- a) Around		b) Among	c) Along	d) As
	3- a) Along		b) About	c) At		d) Ahead of
	4- a) After		b) About	c) Around	d) Against
	5- a) As from		b) As		c) As for	d) At
	6- a) Against		b) About	c) Across	d) Above
	7- a) Apart from	b) Among	c) After	d) About
	8- a) About		b) Above	c) Along	d) Around
	9- a) At		b) As		c) After	d) Around
	10-a) Along		b) Among	c) Around	d) Ahead of
	11-a) Against		b) Across	c) At		d) About
	12-a) Against		b) Amid	c) About	d) Away from
	13-a) At		b) Around	c) Among	d) After 	 	 
3- Combine as duas colunas abaixo unindo corretamente as frases.
	a) we found we had six-year-olds writing to us
b) Unfortunately Npower selected hair color
c) This website presents useful services such as 
 medical, students cards
d) Finally a book
e) Kews Garden attract over 860.000 visitors a 
 year
f) Our group visited the Department of Criminal 
 Justice
g) Hundreds of drivers formed with their trucks 
 an endless line
	( )At the top of Pops magazine
( )Along the main road
( )Apart from being an international point of 
 reference for botanists
( )Among others
( )Across the road from the walls 
( )About the American Presidency that is lots of
 fun 
( )As something that you can not choose
4 – Em cada frase, troque o termo sublinhado por uma preposição sem mudar o sentido.
a) Most Americans are not in favor of the death penalty.
Most Americans are against the death penalty.
b) I like all kinds of sports except weight training.
___________________________________.
c) I came here today in the capacity of the president of this TV network.
____________________________________________________.
d) She even finds suspicious some excitement involving her book.
_______________________________________________.
e) I really loved that last painting. This time you used a unique style clearly comparable to Portinari’s last works.
_______________________________________________________________.
 f) He decided to dress appearing to be a bat and to act only in the middle of night.
_______________________________________________________________.
 g) Becaue of what you did to clarice, she won’t support you anymore in the campaign.
 _______________________________________________________________.
⁸ is leave that problem behind and enjoy life more.
	 6 – Usa-se ainda: Para quem está atrasado. Não em dia com alguma coisa.
 Ex.: a) The written test drive is tomorrow and I’m still behind with these street signs memorization.
 b) You need to hurry up. You’re behind your homework for the
 English class tomorrow morning.
7- Estar por trás, no sentido de ser responsável por algo.
 
 Ex: a) Thomas Edison is the man behind the invention the electrical bulb. 
 b) Mr. Kale told me he knows the person behind the company robbery.
BELOW – 1 – Em posição diretamente inferior.
		 Ex.: a) Talk to Ralph; he’s the guy with a scarf just below the left ear.
 b) Please, place your signature here, below my name. 
	 2 – Inferior em posição ou importância a alguém ou alguma coisa.
 Ex.:a) In the army, a major comes below a colonel and in a restaurant a bus-girl comes below a waitress. 
 b) When she walks among those people she feels really bad and below 
 her noble position.
3 – Usa-se também BELOW quando se diz que: algo não é bom o suficiente
	para alguém ou alguma coisa.
Ex.: a) can’t accept this job. It’s below my category and the salary is below my life style.
 b) Your marks in English are below average now, but I’m sure you will 
 improve them in the future.
	 4 – Indica também: Menos que, inferior.
Ex.: a) With the temperature below 2º c, who dares to go to Buenos Aires this month?
 b) Interests this year are below expectations, so I think I’m going to try that loan.
 5- Usa-se também no sentido de: mais novo em idade.
Ex: a) Children below the age of 14 are not allowed to watch this film.
 b) Although Pablo is below 18 he can vote for Brazilian candidates.
BENEATH – 1- Numa posição inferior, em baixo (como below). 
 Ex: a) We had our picnic early in the afternoon, beneath an old tree.
 b) Take another look carefully and you’ll find beneath your eyes what
 you’re looking for.
 2- Quando se tratar de algo que está sendo coberto.
 Ex: a) The morning was cold and she was wearing two shirts beneath her coat.
 b) The dog took the bone and buried it beneath the ground.
 
 3- Tarefa considerada baixa para alguém. (sentido figurado).
 Ex: a) Josh refused to do that task totally beneath him.
 b) It’s absolutely intolerable working beneath these conditions. 
BESIDE – 1 – Quer dizer: Ao lado.
		 Ex.: a) The best cigars you can find at Tomy’s, beside the station.
 b) My street is too crowded now. They built a supermarket right beside the subway station.
	 2 – Usada também para: Fazer uma comparação.
		 Ex.: a) She’s really very beautiful but, beside my daughter, she’s nothing.
 b) My bedroom walls seem rather old beside my brother’s.
	 3 – Para mencionar: Algo distante ou irreverente.
 Ex.: a) Let’s forget this issue, which is beside the point and go straight to our subject.
 b) The cost of food is beside the point, John. I suggest you stick to 
 discussing the expansion of our house.
 c) Let’s not discuss about the cost of your product, it’s beside the 
 point. I’m more interested in its quality.
Agora vamos praticar fazendo alguns exercícios.
1 – Estas notas foram feitas por um jornalista quando da entrevista com um cantor famoso. Tente transcrevê-las por extenso usando cada preposiçãocorretamente. A primeira já está resolvida como exemplo. Você deve completar as frases com suas próprias palavras.
 1-	BEFORE		Interview/evening show
 2-	BESIDE		Wife/during
 3-	BEHIND		Old days/waiter
 4-	BARRING		Live performance/rain
 5-	BECAUSE OF	Two in the morning/big enthusiasm
 6-	BELOW 		Throw flowers/audience
 7-	BENEATH		His contractor/another interview/his notice
 8-	BESIDE		Some English bands/beginners
 9-	BEHIND		Fans/the cameras/autograph
a) The interview took place minutes before an evening show.
b) _______________________________________________.
c) _______________________________________________.
d) _______________________________________________.
e) _______________________________________________.
f) _______________________________________________.
g) ___________________________________________.
h) ___________________________________________.
i) ___________________________________________.
2 – Forme frases com sentido, colocando na ordem correta estas palavras.
a) People / is / because of / dance club / hip / popular / that / so / the.
 ___________________________________________________________________.
b) Hurry up! / interview / first / before / we / the end / to arrive / the / need / of.
	___________________________________________________________________.
	
c) Below / subject. / my / knowledge / it’s / I / talk / can’t / about / this 
	___________________________________________________________________.
d) 5 / is / me / very / below / for / degrees / zero / cold.
___________________________________________________________________.
e) Movement / is / the awareness / a clean / behind / important / environment / the most / Greenpeace / nowadays / of.
___________________________________________________________________.
f) Before / truths / say / the nerve / her father / she / have / didn’t / to / such
___________________________________________________________________.
 
 g) Hotel? / about / some / what / beside / fishing / the / in / lake / the
___________________________________________________________________.
 h) Between / the Bell / I / my / when / was / two sisters / sitting / the / rang.
 __________________________________________________________________. 
 
 i) Like that / a comment / is / him / beneath / making.
 _________________________________________________________________.
 
 j) Nobody / a blind / ugly / barring / would buy / products / I guess / person / such /
 
 _________________________________________________________________.
3 – Agora, a partir de um substituto, tente completar as frases, utilizando a devida preposição.
	Ex.: She wants to study in the U.S.A. (Substituto: Her fluency in English).
	 She wants to study in the U.S.A. because of her fluency in English.
	a) The end of summer.
	__________________________________________________.
	
	b) Other classmates.
	__________________________________________________.
	c) Any change in the school plans.
	__________________________________________________.
	d) Her father’s notice.
	__________________________________________________.	
	e) Her English teacher.
	__________________________________________________.
4 – Neste exercício, escolha a preposição que melhor complete a frase.
a) The construction of this sports center for the poor is something great and whoever is _________(below / behind / beside) it deserves my respect.
b) Britain ranks last in the EU for language skills ___________(before / behind / barring) Ireland and Portugal, according to figures from Eurostal.
c) Researchers recommend that vulnerable people take aspirin or heart drugs ________ (before / behind / beside) crucial football matches.
d) I know you like this job but your salary here is nothing __________ (because of / beside / before) the fortune you’ll make working for me.
e) We saw him alone, smoking on the deck and watching the kids playing at the beach (before / below / beside) the ship.
f) He was generally known ________ (beside / before / beneath) the name of Tom.
g) My house stands a good way ________ (before / below / barring) the village and it is a hard climb to the top.
h) I can’t meet you tonight with so many tasks ________ (before / beside / because of /) me in the office.
i) His behavior are mean and his acts are ________ (behind / beneath / before) any contempt.
j) ________ (below / beside / because of) the strike, many people lost their jobs.
Continuando com o restante das preposições deste grupo, temos:
BESIDES – Esta preposição tem o sentido de: Adição, além de, em adição a, também.
 1- Além de
		Ex.: a) He has other friends besides me.
 b) What other instruments do you play besides drums and guitar? 
	 2 – Apresenta também o significado de: Exceto.
Ex.: a) There’s nothing in the drawer besides an envelope and some sheets of paper.
 b) I’m very hungry and there’s nothing in my fridge besides lemons.
BETWEEN – Quer dizer: entre; duração, comparação, contraste, conexão:
	 1 – No espaço que separa: dois lugares, pessoas ou objetos.
Ex.: a) In this new competition you will lose between two and six kilograms. It’s very hard.
 b) I was sitting between my two sisters when the bell rang. 
	 2 – Diferenciando ou comparando . 
Ex.: a) Dali said: “The difference between a mad man and myself is that … I’m not mad”.
 b) I can’t see any difference between these two books.
	
	 3 - Dividindo em partes,entre duas ou mais pessoas ou coisas.
		Ex.: a) You can take the candy, but divide it between you and your brothers.
 b) Confidentially and between ourselves, I can’t understand his words.
 4- Conectando: dois ou mais lugares, coisas ou pessoas. 
 Ex.: a) Finally, there’s a new bus service between my house and downtown.
 b) Go back to the one you love. Nothing more than a telephone call between you and her.
 
BEYOND – A conotação aqui é: Distância, além de, do outro lado de, fora de alcance.
	 1 – Em um ponto além.
		Ex.: a) It’s impossible to see my house from here; it’s beyond those mountains.
 b) My job goes beyond just teaching. I like to show the children the steps for success.
	 2 – Mais tarde que.
Ex.: a) The students left for a three month vacation to return beyond the end of may.
 b) In some places of Russia many people live beyond the age of a 
hundred.
	 3 – Além do alcance de.
 Ex.: a) For many people, the existence of life in outer space is beyond 
 imagination.
 b) My head began to be full of projects and undertakings beyond my 
 reach.
 	 4 – Muito difícil ou confuso.
		 Ex.: a) I can’t solve this geometry calculation; it’s beyond me.
 b)You can call my sister anything but jealous.
BUT – Como preposição, quer dizer: Com exceção de, menos, exceto.
		Ex.: a) Everyone but Charles and Sue attended our meeting this morning.
 b) Every product in this store but the suits and jeans comes from the 
 south of Argentina.
BUT FOR – Se não fosse por isso. – Quando um fato ou razão impede que outro se realize.
Ex.: a) But for Carol’s lack of fluency in the English language, she should have achieved that job.
 b) I’d have dropped all these plates but for your warning.
 
BY – Esta preposição é uma das mais ricas de significados. Seu emprego é freqüente e variado e requer um estudo à parte. Vamos a ela.
1- Passando ao lado; indicando proximidade.
Ex.: a) Nowadays Londoners can use the London loop, which runs by the whole perimeter of the city.
 b) I feel more confident in the classroom when she’sby my side.
2- Evitando alguém ou alguma coisa.
Ex.: a) Joe passes by every dog he sees on the streets. He hates these animals.
 b) Were you hungry this morning? Why did you pass by without 
 saying a word?
3- Aqui indica: Posição, proximidade, numa determinada região.
Ex.: a) Many families in the Amazon region live in floating houses built by the river.
 b) I’m sure there’s a public phone somewhere here by this village.
 
4- Em relação a um prazo de tempo que não deverá ser ultrapassado.
Ex.: a) You’ll be receiving your shipment by Friday at the address you gave me.
 b) By noon tomorrow they’ll have found your documents, I promise 
 you.
5- Indicando ação (de pessoa ou coisa).
Ex.: a) Armed assaults by guns maniacs have become our time’s evil menace.
Ex.: b) She was hurt by the driver’s negligence.
	 6- Meio, forma pela qual se faz alguma coisa.
		Ex.: a) We began the interview by asking him when he would star the great 
 Movie.
 b) You can learn new words in English by reading American 
 newspapers.
7- Agente (como na voz passiva).
Ex.: a) Monalisa was painted by Leonardo Da Vinci.
 b) I didn’t know that the Statue of Liberty was a gift given by France to 
 the US.
8- Quando se refere a um criador.
Ex.:a) I loved that new book by Stephen King.
 b) 
9- Posição aproximada; junto a.
Ex.: Who’s that girl by the window?
	 10- Durante um período; indicando circunstância.
	 	Ex.: I need to get this plane in order to arrive in Madrid by day.
	 11- Usada para: expressar medidas, dimensões, direções, etc.
Ex.: That poor man lives in a tiny room, which is only 4 meters long by 3 meters width.
	 12- Referindo-se a: quantidade ou relativo a um tempo passado.
		Ex.: a) Unlike Brazil, in England people buy groceries by the Pound.
	 13- E, finalmente, quando se deseja dizer algo que: se sucede aos poucos.
		Ex.: Rome was not built in one day, they made it step by step.
	 14- E ainda: através de, por meio de, via.
		Ex.: a) She had to come by taxi in order to arrive in time for the exam.
		 b) Ken Livingstone was elected mayor of London by means of a secret
			ballot.
Agora vamos aos exercícios
1) Preencha os espaços com a preposição certa.
a) These are evidences that anyone can get _________ simply looking at the pictures.
b) The blurry part you see are mountains sticking up from __________ the horizons.
c) For New Zealanders __________ the ages of 15 and 25, suicides come right after car accidents as the most frequent cause of death.
d) Skomer is an island populated __________ numerous colonies of sea birds.
e) The distance ___________ the Indian and the Pacific Coastlines of Australia is 4.35 kilometers.
f) If you live in a foreign country, __________ the fact of experiencing culture full time, you can learn its language.
g) You ordered groceries __________ computer an hour ago and you know that __________ now they’ve arrived. You’ve already paid for the food __________ having your money subtracted from your bank account.
h) I accept anyone __________ your sister in my house. She’s moody and causes a lot of problems.
i) “I wonder how kate can paint such beautiful works being so young and inexperient _________the fact that she’s moody and causes a lot of problems.
 j) A good ship can break through one meter of solid ice _______ driving her 
 bow on top of it.
2) Leia o texto abaixo e veja se consegue colocar 11 vezes a preposição BY além da já existente.
	The celebration in April 2000 of the 500th anniversary of Brazil’s discovery was disturbed by protests from indigenous groups. The Indians want the restoration of part of their land, which has been, usurped industrial expansion. In the late 1980 international human rights groups led celebrities such as Sting and Bianca Jagger were able to force the Brazilian government to ensure the preservation of some tribes. Members of the Guarany tribe are being encouraged to commit suicide killing themselves in mass if they are forced off their land farmers.
	Each day, hundreds of Guarany wander the city with their children. They stop in front of porches and homes to beg for food clapping their hands. Despite indications that the population is being eliminated local, criminal elements Funai has done little to investigate the cause of deaths. Twenty-year-old Aguimar Peixoto was founded handing a nylon strap shortly after being publicly beaten what was described relatives as captain’s mafia. Hours later, Lindomar Cavalheiro, a 140-Pound boy, was found hanging a t-shirt from a branch of a tree. A disturbing study by professor Roseli Arruda at the University of Dourados in 1996 shows the classification of suicide as the cause of deaths threats an Funai said it would open an investigation into the deaths outlined Arruda but it never did. 
3) Complete as frases seguintes.
a) Could you tell me the difference between _________________________
 ___________________________________________________.
b) Robert is very good at languages. Besides English __________________ 
____________________________________________________.
c) “How did you get my telephone number”? “I found it by _____________ 
____________________________________________________.
d) We can accept all kinds of credit cards but _________________________
____________________________________________________.
e) Don’t wait for Jane this weekend. She’s coming beyond ______________
____________________________________________________.
f) I’m sorry but I can’t pay you this week. My company only pay by ______
____________________________________________________.
 g) I was busy inside my tent, hearing nothing but ______________________
 ____________________________________________________.
 h) Let’s set now our prices for the next sale, barring ____________________
 ____________________________________________________.
4) Assinale a alternativa correta.
a) I’d like to see those glasses between the hat and the backpack, please.
Nesta frase, a preposição BETWEEN define que tipo de situação?
	( ) Diferenciando duas coisas.
	( ) Dividindo dois objetos.
	( ) Entre um ponto e outro.
b) Fernando Collor de Melo was a young president elected by direct vote.
Aqui, a preposição BY indica:
	( ) Através de, por meio de.
	( ) Agente.
	( ) Passo a passo.
c) Nobody came to the meeting besides Henry.
BESIDES, neste caso, quer dizer:
	( ) Além de. 
	( ) Salvo, exceto, a não ser.
	( ) As duas coisas.
d) It’s Brad’s first day in the company. Don’t assign him tasks beyond his capacity.
BEYOND indica:
	( ) Do outro lado de.
	( ) Mais tarde que.
 	( ) Fora do alcance de.
e) As she didn’t mention the exact point, I stood somewhere by the station.
BY refere-se a:
	( ) Passando ao lado.
	( ) Posição aproximada numa determinada região.
	( ) Evitando alguma coisa.
Vamos trabalhar agora com todas as preposições deste grupo.
I) Tente solucionar este jogo de palavras cruzadas ao completar as frases que se seguem.
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
ACROSS
1- Charles lives in a comfortable house _____________ the river.
4- _______________ Brian’s lack of patience we had to eat uncooked food.
5- Nobody in the city can deny that the counselor’s honor is ___________ any contempt.
6- Many murders has been committed in Springfield lately and the police is searching the criminal ___________ them.
8- I’d like to have your attention. It’s a very important issue what I have to say,even if it’s __________ the point.
9- _______________ Karen’s lack of money she would have bought that golden necklace she saw in the jewelry store.
DOWN
1- The smart turtle arrived _________ the hare in the famous animal race.
2- Everyone _________ Charles refused Mr. Hopkins’s invitation for chess challenge.
3- The best part of our honeymoon we spent in Las Vegas _______10 and 15 days playing at casinos and watching nice shows. 
4- Cathy arrived very hungry at home and didn’t find anything to eat in the icebox _______ water and soup.
6- Just read, listen and enjoy; you’ll find that your English will improve in a natural way ________doing this.
7- In many places in the winter, the temperature goes down many degrees _______ zero and this is very cold.
II) Preencha os espaços com a preposição adequada.
a) Don’t wait for me this weekend; I’ll come back only _____________ Tuesday.
b) Ted worked hard these days. There’s a good sum of money waiting for him _______________ the weekend.
c) Many centuries ____________ Christ, the Egyptian developed a thriving civilization ____________ the Nile River.
d) He says the economic conditions must be right but he’s not clear about what he means ____________ this.
e) _____________ Liz’s bad behavior in class, the teacher was forced to send her out and put her for a confrontation ______________ the school director.
f) A rodeo is programmed for this weekend in Wickamcity ______________ the rain.
g) “Is there a barber shop around here?” “Yes, there’s one ______________ the bakery and the bookstore”.
h) I enjoyed the movie Jurassic Park but it was nothing _______________ the fascinating book ____________Michael Crichton.
III) Construa frases lógicas unindo as duas colunas:
a) You can reach Orkney				 ( ) Beyond death?
b) The Italian chapel was built				 ( ) Before the man wearing a kilt
c) Do you believe there is life				 ( ) By Italian prisoners of war by ferry
d) In the summer time in Orkney you can hardly see the 
 difference						 ( ) By ferry
e) All the girls at the contest are				 ( ) Between night and day
f) She stared completely motionless			 ( ) By overtaking two cars in the last 
							 minute
g) He won the race					 ( ) Behind Jane in beauty and elegance
IV) Escolha a preposição correta:
a) Wait for me in your house at three o’clock sharp _____________ before / barring / except – some problem with the traffic.
b) If you live now you’ll be able to arrive ______________ bellow / by / behind – night at your destination.
c) ______________ besides / because of / but for – my knowledge of every corner in this city, we wouldn’t have found Craig’s house. He lives in a hidden neighborhood.
d) Let’s meet at six ______________ beside / besides / before – the cafeteria for a long drink. We need to commemorate your promotion _______________ barring / before / between – your trip to Sidney.
e) “Can you see Liz?”. “Sure! Isn’t she the one in jeans ________________ below / between / but for – Celine and Joe?”.
f) The couch wants the whole team concentrated twelve hours ________________ before / behind / beyond – the match.
g) Many people lost money in the economy change of 1991 ________________ barring / besides / because of – failure in administration.
 h) My father got a promotion. Now, he has twelve people working _______________.
 barring / below / before – him
i) ___________ “Behind / but for / below – every great man there stands a woman”.
j) Do you speak any other language ___________ beside / between / besides–- English?
 
PARTE III
Mais um grupo de preposições para o nosso estudo. Vamos a ele.
CONTRARY TO – DESPITE – DIVIDED BY – DOWN – DOWN TO – DUE TO – DURING – EXCEPT (FOR) – EXCEPTING – FACING – FOR – FOR ALL – FOR THE SAKE OF – FROM – FROM…TILL / UNTIL – UP TO
CONTRARY TO – Significa: o oposto de, em oposição.
Ex.: a) I really can’t understand Carl; after five hours of meeting and discussion, he still keeps his ideas contrary to the rest of the staff.
	b) Contrary to public opinion, he did well and won the 
 race.
DESPITE – Pode ser seguida de substantivo ou gerúndio e tem o sentido de: indiferença, quando desconsidera determinadas condições.
			Ex.: a) Despite the lack of money, the canned food venture got an amazing start up.
			 b) Despite losing weight on that unusual diet, Dayse promised me never do it again.
DIVIDED BY – Muito fácil, é usada apenas em aritmética.
			Ex.: a) 15 divided by 3 equals 		 b b) Life is just for everyone. 4 divided by 2 is always 2.
DOWN – Em geral é: Movimento para baixo.
1- Indo ou situando-se numa posição inferior.
Ex: a) Because of his mental problem, he can’t eat without splitting the food all down his chest.
b) After offending his neighbour, he went down the stairs and apologized. 
	 1 – Designando queda.
			 Ex.: a) He fell down the tree and got seriously injured.
 b) He did wrong and let all his work go down the drain.
		 2 – Movimento para o sul.
Ex.: a) During Summer, the whole family went down to Santa Catarina to visit Beto Carreiro World.
b) I live in Manaus but every year I come down to Rio for carnival.
3 – Quando ocorre queda na reputação ou no status de uma pessoa.
Ex.: I know that man asking for money among the passers-by. He went down the scale of life very rapidly.
		 4 – Seguindo a extensão (ao longo)
.Ex.: a) Walk down this street and turn your first left; you’ll see the church you’re looking for.
 b) You can check the schedule at the transportation counter; it’s just down the hall.
 6- Usada também para descrever algo que vem ocorrendo por longo 
 período de tempo.
 
 Ex.: a) Shakespeare was really a great man. His fame echoed down 
 the centuries.
 b) Please, accept this gold ring, it has passed down through 
 five generations.
 7- Dentro do estômago.
 Ex.: a) With a juicy hamburger and a large soda down me I’ll fell 
 much better.
 b) I’m not feling well. I can’t keep anything down. 
 8- Demonstrando oposição ou requerendo a destruição.
 Ex.: a) Down with dictatorship in this country. We need peace and 
 Democracy.
 b) Many people in the United Satates are discontent with the 
 president. ‘Down with Bush administration’ they say.
DOWN UNDER – Esta locução prepositiva é usada quando queremos nos referir a 
 Austrália ou a Nova Zelândia.
 Ex: a) “Are you from down under, Kelly?”.“Yes, I am. I was born 
 in New Zealand.”
 b) He was born in France but he’s been living down under for 
 15 years.
 
DOWN TO – Indica também descida, também expressando um destino ou direção.
Ex.: a) The falling leaf floated in the air for a moment on its way down to the grass. 
 b) I was feeling lonely and decided to go down the pub todrink with my mates.
DUE TO – Usa-se para: explicar a razão de um fato ou acontecimento, geralmente indesejado. (DEVIDO A).
Ex.: a) He had to get an emergency loan due to the menace of bankruptcy.
 b) The meeting had to be postponed due to lack of 
 participants.
DURING – Indica: Período de tempo.
Ex.: a) Carnival is my favorite party. I usually lose weight during the four days of joy and pleasure.	
			 b) The film starts with a young woman who disappears during 
	 her honeymoon.
EXCEPT – Não incluindo; excetuando.
Ex.: a) We went to the park and enjoyed all the rides except the roller coaster.
 b) Put all the ingredients inside the pot except the flour.
 
Obs.: Pode-se usar EXCEPT FOR com o mesmo sentido, porém numa conotação mais generalizada.
Ex.: a) We all had an unforgettable vacation in Canada and, except for the extremely cold weather, everything was great.
 b) Except for those poor beggars asking for my money, I had 
 a wonderful dinner. 
 
FACING – De frente; na direção de algo.
Ex.: a) He built his house on a thriving area of the city facing the river.
 b) For minutes he didn’t say anything. He only stood, serious 
 and sad, facing the burning house.
FOR – Esta preposição é uma das mais ricas de todas em significados e pode expressar diferentes e variados conceitos, tais como: duração, troca benefício, entre outros. Preste, pois muita atenção ao estudá-la.
1 – Primeiramente, usa-se ao: mencionar-se destino.
	Ex.: a) After many years in Nepal and homesick, she left for her motherland last week.
 b) He got home very hungry and head for the kitchen.
2 – Duração.
	Ex.: a) My vacation will be very short this time. I’m going to be away for one week only.
 b) She’s been teaching in that school for sixteen years.
3 – Como razão para uma atitude baseada em convicção.
	Ex.: a) Many terrorists have killed themselves and others for fanatic reasons.
 b) You can’t imagine the things she can do for love.
4 – Expressando um propósito ou finalidade.
	Ex.: a) The leading actor arrived 45 minutes late for the interview.
	 b) Robots are sometimes used for performing dangerous tasks.
5 – Quando se é a favor de que algo seja feito.
	Ex.: a) The English 102 is all for having extra classes this semester.
 b) My teacher didn’t vote for Lula at the last election. He doesn’t like him.
6 – Representando; estar ligado ou ter algo a ver.
	Ex.: a) She feels happy fighting for the disable of her neighborhood.
 b) He fought for his country during the second world war.
7 – Usada para comparar uma coisa com outra do mesmo tipo.
 Ex.: a) Alice is very tall for her age.
 b) For a man in his position he’s not polite.
8 – Definindo ocasião.
 Ex.: a) what did you give your wife for her birthday?
 b) For the first time in his life he got late for an appointment.
 
9 – Quando algo é apropriado, conveniente.
	Ex.: a) The city should provide more facilities for pedestrians.
 b) Munro-begging has become a favorite activity for outdoor enthusiasts.
10 – Referindo-se à troca de um objeto por outro.
	Ex.: a) He made a lot of money and changed his cramped flat in the suburbs for a comfortable house near the sea.
 b) He changed his 60 year-old wife for a girl in her thirties.
 
11 – Também no caso de: permuta de valores descritivos.
	Ex.: a) Some artists make huge sums of money for their participation in very short TV commercials.
 b) How much did you pay for this nice suit?
12 – Com o mesmo sentido de because of.
 Ex.: a) The Amazon river is famous for its enormous proportions.
 b) He didn’t say any word for fear of being punished. 
 
 13 – Denotando obrigação ou responsabilidade.
 Ex.: a) It’s for you to decide whether to stay in this house or move away. 
 b) “It’s not for me to say” is a famous success of Johnny Mathis.
 14 - Referindo-se ao significado de algo. 
 Ex.: a) USA stands for United States of América
 b) Do you know the Japanese word for ‘thank you’?
 
Vamos praticar um pouco?
1 – Para começar, preencha os espaços com uma preposição apropriada.
a) He came ____________ twelve floors using the staircase although the elevator was working normally.
b) Silvia learned a lot ____________ her two-week vacation to Cairo in Egypt.
c) I’m sorry but I’m totally _____________ to your idea of hiring Kirk to this company. He’s not reliable to the job.
d) Jenny and her two sisters got twelve oranges from their cousin’s backyard, which ___________ three equals 4 each.
e) It’s only ____________ her last year in school that she thought she could be an actress. 
f) She’s a famous actress but, lately, _____________ box office successes, her life has been tormented.
g) Unfortunately _____________ the lack of participants we had to cancel the final game.
h) _____________ the outbreak of foot and mouth disease, Stonehenge is sometimes closed to visitors.
i) Australian researchers have found, over the years, the royal vowels had shifted _____________ the social scale.
j) Just before I fell asleep I saw a white finned Cadillac wheeling _____________ the road. _____________ my dream I felt certain that, ______________ appearances, the driver was actually me.
2 – Transforme estas frases com o uso de uma das preposições aprendidas, mantendo, porém, o mesmo sentido. Siga o exemplo.
	Ex.: Although he’s very intelligent, he can’t get much success in life.
		Despite his intelligence, he can’t get much success in life.
a) While I was traveling around Europe, I visited several countries only by train.
_______________________________________________________________.
b) Carlos may his job soon. His ideas are often the opposite on those of the office manager.
________________________________________________________________.
c) His performance was bad and he had to be replaced in the second half of the games.
________________________________________________________________.
d) You’ll need some warm clothes if you travel to Parana in the winter.
________________________________________________________________.
e) The mother bought eighteen marbles and gave to her three children. Six to each.
________________________________________________________________.
3 – Neste exercício será dada uma frase como modelo. Você deverá formar outras frases utilizando uma preposição. Siga o exemplo.
	Ex.: The president kept his own opinion to that of the Congress.
		The president kept his own opinion contrary to that of the Congress.
a) To his strict personality.
________________________________________________________________.
b) The riot across the country.
________________________________________________________________.
c) The strike of public sectors.
________________________________________________________________.
d) To all expectations.
________________________________________________________________.
4 – Organize as palavras na ordem certa para formar frases.
a) Soccer team / contrary to / expectations / American / played / this year / all / very well.
________________________________________________________________.
b) Chains / hanging / Louis / gold / chest / comes/ here / full of / chains / down / his.
________________________________________________________________.
c) Police / the danger / go to / despite / every week / 200.000 / estimate / that / youths / funk clubs.
________________________________________________________________.
d) Coat / cold wind / her / without / went out / despite / she / the.
________________________________________________________________.
e) The Congress / several speeches / about / dr. Vera / two months / during / anatomy / gave.
________________________________________________________________.
f) Soho’s Architectural heritage / Westminster Council / due to / been / efforts / protected / of the / has.
________________________________________________________________.
g) Down / transportation counter. / the hall / the schedule / check / at the / it’s.
________________________________________________________________.
h) Character / viewer / playing / walked / series / favorite / the / a / TV / out / he / despite / of.
________________________________________________________________.
	Continuemos com as preposições restantes do grupo.
FOR ALL – Tem o mesmo sentido de DESPITE (apesar). Geralmente inicia uma frase e indica um esforço em vão.
Ex.: a) For all the e-mails I’ve been sending to her lately, she has not sent any reply.
 b) For all the money you make in this business it won’t pay the huge
 company’s debt.
 
FOR THE SAKE OF – Em nome ou em benefício de alguém ou algo.
		Ex.: a) He Said he only accepted the nomination for the sake of his people.
 b) For the sake of your health you need to quit smoking immediately.
 
FROM – Esta preposição é uma das campeães em significados. É preciso muito	 cuidado ao trabalhar com ela. Quer dizer, entre outras coisas, Proveniente de, da parte de, desde, para longe de. Dá noção de causa, distância, posição, prevenção, etc.
 
1- Mostra o lugar de onde se iniciou a ação.
Ex: a) The man took the money from his pocket and gave it to his daughter.
 b) I spent all morning reading the postcards and the pictures that my cousin sent 
 from Australia.
 2- Designa a hora em que algo se inicia ou o tempo em que foi feito ou existiu pela 
 primeira vez.
Ex.: a) That vase is extremely valuable. It dates from the fifteenth century.
 b) From this day on I promise never to offend you again.
 3- A distância entre dois lugares.
Ex.: a) It’s easy to get to my house. It’s about 50 meters from that traffic light. 
 b) We don’t need to take a taxi. We’re just half kilometer from the airport.
 4-Usada para mostrar os níveis de variação entre grandezas, em forma de preços ou 
 números.
 Ex.: a) From R$ 4,00 to R$ 10,00 people can visit the city zoo.
 b) Electricity bills have risen from 15% to 20% in 2005.
 5 – Causa de uma ação ou estado.
		Ex.: a) Happy for the first time in months, I was savoring the slow fall from
		 Consciousness.	
		 b) Our car stopped twice this week from lack of gasoline.
 6 – Mostrando a origem de alguém ou alguma coisa.
		 Ex.: a) My aunt comes from Fortaleza.
 b) He met a very nice girl from Italy
 7 – Denotando: Separação. Algo ou alguém foi removido ou levado embora.
		Ex.: a) Don’t take all the cookies from the cupboard. I’ll be hungry when I 
 get home tonight.
 b) Five from fifteen is ten.
 
 8 – Quando se refere a um material específico, não necessariamente o principal.
 		Ex.: a) Feijoada is a Brazilian dish made from all parts of pork meat.
 b) She’s wearing wonderful high heels made from leather and velvet.
 9 – Transformação. Mostra a mudança no estado de alguém ou algo.
		Ex.: a) Sue fell in love and changed from being the sad girl I always new.
 b) Jerry did a good job and was promoted from junior to a senior 
 position in marketing.
		
 10- Quando queremos considerar uma situação antes de a julgarmos ou decidir sobre 
 ela, usamos a preposição from. 
 Ex .: a) From what George had said, it was obvious that they would love
 Alexandra deeply.
 b) From looking at your face, I would say you’re very happy with your 
 new boyfriend.
 11- Mostra a diferença entre duas pessoas ou coisas.
 Ex.: a) I can’t live in common with a person whose dreams are so different
 from mine.
 b) Japanese people are very similar. Sometimes it’s impossible to tell 
 one from the other. 
 12- Usada para mostrar a posição de algo comparado a outras coisas ou o ponto de 
 vista de alguém ao considerar uma questão.
 Ex: a) He knows very well this issue. He’s talking from his own 
 Experience.
 b) I’m speaking from the top of the Empire State, where I can have a 
 wonderful view of the city. 
 13- No sentido de proteção, mostra aquilo contra o que alguém está tentando se 
 proteger.
 Ex.: a) She had constantly protected her sisters from the beatings of her 
 uncle.
 b) After two hours looking for a place, they found shelter from the 
 storm under a large tree.
 14 - Como prevenção, usada para mostrar o que não se tem permissão de fazer ou 
 conhecer ou aquilo que deixou de acontecer.
 Ex.: a) I’ll thank you forever if you promise me to keep this from going 
 public.
 b) After the revolution he was banned from visiting his motherland for 
 five years. 
FROM… TILL / UNTIL – Representa: duração entre duas determinadas situações.
		 Ex.: a) My son studied at this University from 1987 till his graduation in 1992. b) He remained in France from his first trial till his execution.
 
		Obs.: Pode-se substituir TILL por UNTIL ou UP TO sem alterar o sentido.
		Ex.: That book is very interesting. From the moment I began to read it up to the last page it took me no more than 5 days.
Agora vamos aos exercícios.
1 – Forme frases unindo corretamente as duas colunas.
a) It was only five minutes from the moment I arrived 	 	 ( ) For the sake of trading. 
b) If you are going to be in the stock market, you should not trade		( ) for the sake of economy.
c) In Germany and France she suffered greatly				( ) for all my advices. 
			 
d) I like to compare every price list when I go shopping, just			( ) until she talked to me. 
 
e) He can’t get rid of that strange habit 	 ( ) From racism.
f) The book white teeth recounts the lives of its characters			( ) From 1975 until 1992.
2 – Escolha a melhor preposição.
a) My grandparents lived in that old house _________ (until / from / for all) they died, in 1956. 
b) In the last five years, golf in the US has gone _________ (from / for all / till) being an old man’spastime to the sex sport for man and woman. 
c) I’ve told you more than a hundred times to give up smoking _________ (from /for the sake of / up to) Christ. 
d) _________ (from / for the sake of / up to) the beginning of the 20th century, women in Brazil were not allowed to join men at the beach. 
e) Our Indians live in the jungle and build their huts _________ (from / until / for all) material they find around. 
f) _________ (up to / from / for all) the money he has now, he still lives in the same poor neighborhood where he grew up. 
g) Crusoe lived for many years alone in the island _________ (until / from / for the sake of) he found Friday. 
h) He had just come home _________ (from / for the sake of / for) softball game with some friends.
i) _________ (until / from / for) the first time she was making dinner _________ (for / from / till) him.
j) _________ (for all / for the sake of / from) God, don’t forget to invite Mary this time. 
3 – Neste exercício tente formar frases utilizando os termos dados. Você vai ter que acrescentar uma preposição e outras palavras que se fizerem necessárias.
	Ex.: Wait / few weeks / husband / home 
 She’ll have to wait a few weeks till/until her husband comes back home again.
 
	 a) The man / not happy / windfall /
 __________________________________________________________.
 b) Dangerous outlaw / transfer / Carandiru / Bangu I.
________________________________________________________________.
 c) His tempestuous private life / Has / Most interesting filmographies / of all times.
________________________________________________________________.
 d) Dropped out / High school / Adolescent years.
________________________________________________________________.
 e) The courier / The valuable / 8th. Street / 14th. / Downtown
________________________________________________________________.
 f) Should / Stop / Your health
________________________________________________________________.
 g) My efforts / Finish / The report / In time
________________________________________________________________.
 h) Christopher Reeve / Paralytic / Horse
________________________________________________________________.
Passemos agora a trabalhar com todas as preposições deste grupo
1 – Tente resolver este jogo de palavras cruzadas ao completar as frases com a preposição certa.
	
	
	
	
	 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
ACROSS
8- due to, 9- despite 10 facing 
4 – He lived in Mexico City _________ 1911 __________ his death in 1925.
5 – John would never join your crazy ideas. They’re totally _____________ his nature.
8 – She lost all her computer data ____________ a sudden energy outage.
9 –The local community ___________ living among London’s most exclusive clubs and most expensive restaurants is very normal.
10 – He didn’t look at me and remained all time motionless and ___________ the wall.
11 – Let’s move all the stuff to the next room ___________ the books and the desks.
DOWN
1 – The pilot had a lot of trouble to control the airplane on his way ___________ the runway.
2 – ____________ nature, members of the Green Peace Movement don’t fear threats of any kind.
3 – The girl received a letter _____________ her missing Afghan boyfriend warning her to avoid malls and public fairs.
4 – Leave it to psychologists to come up with the latest trendy therapy ________ harried executives.
6 – He also flirted with the idea of wfting perfume into the theater ____________ a musical prelude.
7 – The population of a country ______________ the area gives us its density of population.
1- down to 
2 – Complete as seguintes frases
a) Carnival in Rio is a party that lasts for
______________________________________________________.
b) He bought a new flat facing
______________________________________________________.
c) She suffered five years from
______________________________________________________.
d) The mayor wants to build more parks down
______________________________________________________.
e) In the winter most leaves fall down
______________________________________________________.
f) It’s usually very hot during
______________________________________________________.
g) He works 15 hours a day at the white house for the sake of
______________________________________________________.
h) All roads to Curitiba have been closed due to
______________________________________________________.
i) I have to recognize, it was a wonderful speech, except for
______________________________________________________.
j) The young girl did the best performance despite
______________________________________________________.
3 – Crie para as respostas seguintes perguntas adequadas:
 Ex.: Did he agree with you____________________________________________?
 No, he was completely contrary to my opinion.
 _______________________________________________________________? 
a) I fell down the chair and hurt it.
_______________________________________________________________?
b) I took them last month during my visit to Santos.
_______________________________________________________________?
c) No, she just came from Fortaleza.
_______________________________________________________________?
d) I had to do it for the sake of my community.
_______________________________________________________________?
e) It was cheap. We paid $25 for two pairs.
_______________________________________________________________?
f) Helen works from 9:00 until 6:00 pm.
_______________________________________________________________?
g) Yes, we had a great time. Everything was fine, except the high prices.
_______________________________________________________________?
h) I won’t stay too long; I’ll be there for 5 days.
_______________________________________________________________?
i) Did you like it? I had it downloaded from the Internet.
_______________________________________________________________?
j) I think she fainted due to the extremely high temperature inside the bus.
4 – Assinale a alternativa correta.
a) We decided to spend Carnival in Búzios next year. We intend to be away for one whole week.
Que tipo de situação é definido pela preposição FOR na frase acima?
( ) Destino
( ) Duração
( ) Finalidade
( ) Conveniência
b) Those vacations were nice but very expensive. I had to take almost all my money from my bank account.
O que indica FROM neste caso?
( ) Procedência
( ) Transformação
( ) Causa
( ) Separação
c) Pete was granted a scholarship and moved down to Porto Alegre to start a new career.
Down aí está indicando:
( ) Movimento para baixo
( ) Movimento para o sul
( ) Queda no status
( ) Na parte mais baixa
d) Our goal is to prepare the students for the local job market.
Neste caso, a preposição FOR expressa:
( ) Propósito ou finalidade
( ) Adequação ou conveniência
( ) Troca de um objeto por outro
( ) Duração
e) He’s a lucky candidate. Half of the country is for his nomination.
E nesta frase, o que indica a preposição FOR?
( ) Destino
( ) Permuta de valores
( ) A favor de que algo seja feito
( ) Troca de um objeto por outro
 f) His skin was ugly and his breathing heavy from years of cigarette.
O que indica FROM neste caso?
 ( ) Proteção
 ( ) Causa
 ( ) Consideração
 ( ) Distância
f) She got the information from him and all she had to do was pick up the phone. 
E neste caso?
 ( ) Proteção
 ( ) Material específico
 ( ) Início da ação
 ( ) Mudança
 
PARTE IV
Passemosa um novo grupo de preposições: 
IN – INSIDE – IN ADDITIO TO – IN FAVOR OF – IN FRONT OF – IN SPITE OF – INTO – LIKE – MINUS – NEAR – NEXT TO.
IN – No sentido geral designa posição no espaço e no tempo, além de funcionar também como demonstrador de estado, modo, etc.
	1 – Partes de um dia, estações e anos.
		Ex.: a) I leave work early in the afternoon.
		 b) In the late sixties the world started to witness the end of the Beatles’s
		era. 
	2 – Áreas, números e idades aproximadas.
Ex.: a) Lucinete now works in a branch of one of Britain’s best-know department stores.
		 b) The maps we have available show working routes in the country-side
	3 – Posição definida dentro de certos limites.
Ex.: a) The tour should be enjoyed on a lazy weekend when everything in the village is open and hopping.
		 b) According to researchers most accidents happen in the home.
	4 – Descrevendo capacidade, interesse, etc.
		Ex.: a) Are you interested in fishing?
		 b) I’m very strong in languages; it’s my favorite subject.
	5 – Indicando uma circunstância pessoal temporária.
Ex.: a) Can you call Jerry for me? He’s the one in blue sweater and holding a drink.
		 b) After five years in love with each other, they decided to get married.
	6 – Geralmente em obra de arte, referindo-se ao material do instrumento utilizado.
Ex.: a) I love Degas’s representation of the human face usually done in pastel.
		 b) Do your exercise in pencil so that you can correct it more easily.
INSIDE – Dentro; num período de.
		
1 – No interior, com definição tridimensional.
		Ex.: a) You can check the papers; they’re all inside this small Box.
 b) The old woman became breathless after hours inside the broken
 elevator.
		2 – De forma um tanto coloquial para definir períodos.
		Ex.: a) Being realistic, I don’t expect this course to be finished inside six 
		months.
 b) Jane doesn’t plan to start a new career now. She’s gonna have a baby
 inside six months.
IN ADDITION TO – Além de; além do mais; além de que.
Ex.: a) He couldn’t refuse the director’s offer: $6.000 a month in addition to 5% share in all major events.
 b) I loved the sale. In addition to a new suit a bought a pair of shoes 
 and a belt.
IN FAVOR OF - Estar de acordo ou favorável.
		
Ex.: a) Are you in favor of the lay-off announced for next month?
 b) Most Cariocas are in favor of the creation of a new subway line.
 
IN FRONT OF - Precedente; em frente; na frente.
		1 – O que precede
		
Ex. a) Carl is the tall guy wearing a bollard hat. In front of him is my son 
 Mike the youngest of the group.
 b) I wanted to get the sit by the window but the little girl went in front of 
 me.
		2 – Face a face; de frente para.
		
Ex.: a) There’s a barbershop in front of the gas station.
 b) Pat hated Celia but the meeting forced them to sit in front of each 
 other.
IN SPITE OF - Possui o mesmo sentido que despite, porém menos formal. É, geralmente, seguida de um nome.
Ex.: a) In spite of a flat tire he could drive almost two kilometers to the next workshop.
 b) Alex is a wonderful student. In spite of his mistakes in spelling he 
 has a fantastic vocabulary.
 
EXERCICES
Estude as preposições que acabamos de ver e passe aos exercícios.
	1 – Preencha os espaços com uma preposição adequada.
a) The fire is controlled but there are still three persons _____________ the house.
b) Helen is very nervous; she will be the next to speak _____________ the class.
c) __________ July, American commemorates their independence.
d) She plays a rich woman who fall _____________ love with a writer.
e) Nobody wants to be ______________ the new look the mayor wants to give to the city.
f) __________ the rain many people came to the inauguration of the monument.
g) __________ a broken leg, Harry had all his money stolen __________ the accident.
h) Alex Preston is a very experienced lecturer ___________ the history of science.
i) Greenpeace activists went to court to fight ___________ a cease-fire at Ilha Bela.
j) The movie Hearts in Atlantis, which is set ___________ the 1960 will be release soon _________ Brazil.
2 – Selecione a melhor preposição.
a) When Fantasia premiered at New York’s Broadway theater ____________ - Inside / In / In front of - November 1940 it caused a sensation.
b) Could you call my friend Jane? She’s the one _____________ - In / Inside / In support of – blue jeans right over there.
c) Project Alcatrazes has identified various pieces of legislations which should, ____________ - In support of / In / In spite of – theory, preserve the architecture.
d) A pro-life manifestation took place this morning _____________ - In front of / In favor of / In addition to – the White House.
e) The game show contestants were all _____________ - In front of / In favor of / In spite of – the division of the price between the first and the second winners.
f) The Germans will no doubt be strong again _____________ - In favor of / In addition to / In spite of – a poor quality campaign in the playoffs against the Ukraine.
g) __________ - In addition to / In spite of / In support of – a three-hour traffic jam, the strikers were responsible for a big loss in the company.
3 – Complete as frases seguintes.
a) I guess Charles will become a veterinary. He’s very interested in
________________________________________________________.
b) Brazilians commemorate Valentine’s day in
________________________________________________________.
c) He completed his English course in spite of
________________________________________________________.
d) Jason received an allowance of $150 in addition to
________________________________________________________.
e) Betty is very happy with her new boyfriend. I think she’s finally fallen in
________________________________________________________.
f) The strike is over but most of the employees were not in favor of
________________________________________________________.
Vamos dar continuidade, apresentando as preposições restantes do grupo.
IN SUPPORT OF – Em benefício; a favor.
Ex.: a) Our congregation uses all the money and donation in support of the poor families of this county.
 b) Could you contribute with 10% of your salary in support of our 
 church?
INTO – Implica direção ao interior e também transformação a um novo estado.
		1 – Destino ao interior.
		 
 Ex.: a) He jumped from the second floor and disappeared into the water.
 b) Put the hairbrush back into the cupboard as soon as you finish 
 with it, please.
		2 – Transformação.
		 
Ex.: a) If you go to the U.S.A. you’ll need to change your reais into dollars.
 b) Now, put these sentences into the negative form.
LIKE – 1 – Expressa tipo de comportamento.
		
Ex.: a) Bill acts like a child every time he drinks too much alcohol.
 b) We’re gonna have new visitors tonight. I hope you behave like real adorable children. 
	 2 – Expressa também semelhança.
		
Ex.: a) She takes people on tours to countries in South America, like Peru.
		 b) She sings like a bird.
		 
MINUS – 1) Quer dizer ausência ou falta de alguém ou alguma coisa.
Ex.: a) We began the show minus our main dancer who had been caught in the rush.
 b) she brought all the items listed minus the milk for her baby.
	 2) Indica também subtração, quando utilizada em aritmética.
		
Ex.: a) Eight minus three equals five.
 b) I had twenty dollars in my wallet, minus eighteen dollars I used to pay the taxi, that means two dollars left. 
 
NEAR – Tem o mesmo sentido de proximidade e também semelhança.
1 – Por perto; nas proximidades.
		
Ex.:a) Mark doesn’t need to take the subway to get to college. He studies near	his office.
 
 b) Let’s meet at that restaurant near the subway station.
2 – Posição aproximada.
		
Ex.: a) Sit near the teacher if you want to listen to him well; he speaks in a low voice.
 
 b) That dog is really strange. He spends my whole lunch sitting near my chair but never accepts any food. 	
3 – Estando próximo em semelhança.
		
Ex.: a) So far no other footballer hasn’t come near Pelé in creativity and talent.
 b) It took him years to become a nice player but never came near his father who was the best of all times.
 
NEXT TO – Muito próximo, quase tocando.
		
Ex.: a) We’re lucky to live next to the supermarket and to go shopping in such 
	a short time.
 b) I’ll sit next to you during our math class tomorrow if you don’t mind. I need to understand everything very well.
Passemos agora aos exercícios.
1) Complete com a preposição adequada:
a) They didn’t allow any foreigner to get _______________ the consulate during the president’s speech.
b) She behaved __________ a crazy woman when she found out he was married.
c) Julio came from the grocery __________ the eggplant, which was too expansive.
d) I would take that bus every morning if the school weren’t so house.
e) The volleyball team started the tournament ____________ their best player who was sick.
f) Let’s raise money ____________ the new college counselor’s campaign.
g) According to the book, Jesus turned water ___________ wine.
2) Coloque na ordem certa as palavras para formar frases:
a) ________________________________________________________________
Shops / customer / on-line / an / had / Cyber Shop.com / the / trouble / identity / with / like / creating
b) ________________________________________________________________
We / 10 / and / lifetime / billion / brain / lose / are / in / with / cells / percent / born / a / 12 / we
c) ________________________________________________________________
Resigned / the / Plastic Ono Band / Toronto / Beatles / John Lennon / the / from / in / performing / after / with
d) ________________________________________________________________
Amazon.com / fortune / a / are / fortune / like / companies
e) ________________________________________________________________
National / into / from / the / is / the / arts / and / projects / lottery / the / sport / profit / divided / for / the
f) ________________________________________________________________
Eight / knows / that / two / minus / ten / everybody / equals
g) ________________________________________________________________
Fairs / dozens / of / openly / animals / wild / sold / in / every / Rio de Janeiro / weekend / are / in
h) ________________________________________________________________
Film / and / a / into / Fantastic Voyage / were / a / in / bloodstream / shrunk / crew / a / mans / infected / is / submarine / which / its / and
i) ________________________________________________________________
Distinctive / a / like / right tech / Foster’s work / share / projects / approach
j) ________________________________________________________________
You / some / canoeing / panoramic / activities / in / do / can / Alaska / and / flights / exciting / like
k) ________________________________________________________________
His / can / in there / said / bedroom / and / he / followed / into / I / talk / we / him
l) ________________________________________________________________
Train / can’t / taking / isles / into / isn’t / you / bad / take / the / a / idea / since / car / the / a
m) ________________________________________________________________
The / Sir Cloudesley / that / his / Island / was / near / fleet / believed / Channel
2) Altere as frases conforme o modelo, utilizando as preposições: In support of, minus, near, into, like, next to
For example:	The rock group came to the show 
		Modelo: The poor children
		The rock group came to the show in support of the poor children.
a) __________________________________________________________
Modelo: Their percussionist
b) __________________________________________________________
Modelo: Any other group
c) __________________________________________________________
Modelo: The school of modern art
d) __________________________________________________________
Modelo: The modern big stadium
e) __________________________________________________________
Modelo: Rio de Janeiro
3) Forme frases com sentido unindo as duas colunas
1- The ottomans came fairly far				
2- A lot of homosexual men have decided it’s nice to have	 
 Something different
3- Can you tell who the man					 	
4- We believed that all could be transformed 			
5- Stephen Carter is already a star in academia 		 
6- I’ll pay you B the money		
			 
 
I – in addition to a media celebrity.
II – like their own private language.
III– into a utopia.
IV– into Europe.
V – next to my wife is?
VI– minus my commission, which is fifteen percent.
É hora de trabalharmos com todas as preposições deste grupo:
 
1 – Preencha com palavras cruzadas:
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
ACROSS – 
2 – In Japan the hundreds of Picassos, Van Goghs and Chagalls were always treated more _______ assets than art.
4 – I’ll pay you the money ________ 10 percent that you owe me.
6 – The burglars kept the whole staff ___________ the bank for many hours.
7 – “Our natural ally ___________ this area is the United States”, said Alvaro Uribe Ve’Paz.
9 – The strikers marched all morning carrying bills and posters ___________ peace.
10 – Japanese economy has sunk __________ a more serious situation than expected.
DOWN – 
1 – There’s another building right _________ mine, so there isn’t much light indeed.
3 – Our post diploma program gives our students a specialization in their fields ___________ employment gain after competition.
5 – The famous player donated half of his million dollar ___________ the victims of cancer institution. 
6 – She was supposed to meet us ___________ this building.
8 – There’s a bookstore __________ the Laundromat.
2) Complete as seguintes frases:
a) Lets go to a museum this afternoon. Are you interested in ____________?
b) Many insomniacs ignore that sleep problems can be managed like ____________.
c) Christian tried to discourage me from going into _____________.
d) 80% of the students are in favor of ______________.
e) If you prefer there’s a telephone box in front of ______________.
3) Escolha a preposição adequada:
a) Every weekend, rain or shine, scenes _______(into / like / in) those are played ________(in / minus / in front of) fields all across America.
b) Greenfield and his cronies endlessly sort people _______in spite (of / into / next) categories of “cool” and “un cool”.
c) Just ________ (inside / like / in support of) the entrance, we selected a picnic table that would serve as our “H.Q.”.
d) __________ (In addition to / in spite of / into) all the criticism, Norman Foster has been compared with Sir Christopher Wren, the man who designed St Paul’s Cathedral.
e) __________ (like / next to / in) the movie Fantastic Voyage, a submarine and its crew were shrunk and injected. __________ (into / in front of / inside) a man’s bloodstream so that they could destroy a blood clot.
f) Direct flights are best, but if you have a layover, try to schedule it _________ (in front of / minus / near) the beginning of the trip.
g) Japanese economy has sunk __________ (into / in / inside) a more serious situation than expected.
PARTE 5
Apresentamos novo grupo de preposições para o seu estudo.
OF; OFF; ON; ONTO; ON THE LEFT/RIGHT OF; ON TOP OF; OPPOSITE; OUTSIDE; OUT; OVER; OWING TO
OF – 1) Causa de uma ação.
	
 Ex.: a) He diedof cancer two years ago.
 
 b) I’m tired of listening to those small talks	
 
 2) Um entre muitos.
	
 Ex.: a) I like Tom very much; his one of my best friends.
 b) She was born in New Jersey, the second of six children in a Polish family.
 3) Tema ou assunto de um livro, história, conferência, etc.
	
 Ex.: a) My teacher spent half an hour describing the subject of the day.
 
 b) I enjoyed very much Voltaire’s book of short stories.
 4) Indicando posse.
	
 Ex.: a) The house of the rising sun is a song which reminds me good old things.
 
 b) I’d like to introduce Ted, an old friend of mine.
 
 5) Como substância real de alguma coisa acabada.
	
 Ex.: a) His house is totally made of wood.	
 
 b) Bridges, to be resistant, must be made of good and hard materials. 
 6) Como termo idiomático significando caráter ou característica.
	
 Ex.: a) How can you be so cruel? You seem to have a heart of stone.
 
 b) Salazar became famous and known as the president with the heart of iron.
OFF – Neste caso temos ato de separação com ideia bi-dimensional.
 Ex.: a) Carl spent most of his life working off shore.
 
 b) Don’t eat that bread; it fell off the table.
ON – O mesmo sentido de ABOVE.
 1)Por cima, sobre (tocando a superfície). UPON
 Ex.: a) He was talking to me and the green parrot was there on his shoulder.
 b) Please, pick up all the books you left on the table .
 2) Refere-se também aos nomes dos dias.
 Ex.: a) Let’s have a meeting on Mondy to introduce the new staff. 
 
 b) I usually get very tired on Friday, may last workday. 
 
 3) Usada também com sentido parecido à preposição ABOUT, porém em um sentido geral não específico.
 Ex.: a) My doctor prescribed a regimen on fruits, vegetables and small amounts of meat.
 
 b) Those last five days were terrible. They had to survive on water and biscuits.
 4) Usa-se também para qualificar partes do dia.
 Ex.: a) She came to us on a warm afternoon and became part of the family.
 
 b) Most people get quite lazy on Monday morning.
 5) Para transportes coletivos.
 Ex.: a) Sue got on the bus and found her favorite friend ready to school.
b) Everybody helped the old lady to get on the ferry boat.
 6) Como resultado de alguma coisa.
 Ex.: a) He lost his job on having an argument with the company director.
 b) Lisa broke her arm on jumping from the wall to the ground. It was very high.
ONTO – Significa movimento em direção a uma superfície.
 Ex.: a) Jonathan got home and put his umbrella onto his mother’s bed.
 b) Stretching your legs onto the armchair like this is not good manners.
ON THE LEFT/RIGHT OF – Quer dizer que algo está imediatamente próximo a esquerda ou à direita.
 Ex.: a) Let me show you Richard in this picture I took at the party; he’s the one on the left of Mr. Thompson, the host.
 b) Please, bring me that piece of paper on the right of the dictionary.
Passemos à primeira fase de exercícios:
1)	Complete as frases com a devida preposição:
a) What do you usually do __________________ Saturday mornings?
b) He gave me a cup _________________ coffee and sat down to start one __________ his old stories.
c) ___________ my first night in the city I met and old friend.
d) Charles may not realize as he steps ___________ his Lufthansa flight from Düsseldorf at Newark International Airport, but he has just seen a glimpse ___________ the future. He booked himself a business class ticket _________ the morning flight, as he has many times before. But __________ this particular day he found himself walking to the middle ___________ the plane when he boarded in Germany. The reason? Since June, all Lufthansa daily flights have been operating ___________ a business-class only basis.
e) Most ___________ the newest ___________ the cool hotels are as comfortable as they are stylish. Take the Deseo, ___________ Mexico’s Playa Del Carmen, south ____________ Cancún. Sumptuous, oversize beds roll out ___________ the room and ___________ the deck, letting you lounge by the pool all day without actually getting up.
f) He lives ____________ a volcanic island ____________ the cost ___________ Australia.
2) 	Altere a frase usando os modelos dados e as preposições. Siga o exemplo abaixo:
	 The dangerous thief died on the hot sand.
	 Modelo: the coast.
	 The dangerous thief died off the coast.
a) The many injures he suffered.
b) The distance shore.
c) The deck of the enemy boat.
d) His main accomplice.
3) Complete as frases unindo corretamente as duas lacunas:
A 
I discovered later that getting lost was the cast						 
Many people now place adventure high				
He used to be one							
Clouds was still clinging to the peaks and spilling most			
It took me long to recognize Paul					
B
onto the villages below.
on their list of main priorities.
of my problems.
on the right of my lawyer.
of the city’s best-known residents in the island.
Seguindo com as preposições restantes do grupo:
ON TOP OF – Tem o mesmo significado de ON, porém, quando usada denota ênfase, ou dá sentido de altura.
		
Ex.: The cat spent all morning sleeping on top of the roof.
OPPOSITE – 1) Ao contrário, não de acordo.
		
Ex.: Cleo’s ideas are always opposite to mine.
		2) O mesmo que FACING, de frente para.
		
Ex.: I can’t get to sleep with all those people talking loudly just opposite my 
		 windows.
	
OUTSIDE – Fora, além dos limites. 	
 		
Ex.: a) He works in Brazil but invests his money outside the country. 
	 	 b) The dog lives outside house but the cat sleeps in bedroom with the
		 children.	
OUT OF - 	1) Movimento para fora.
		
Ex.: a) The game was over when a player kicked the ball out of the court.
 b) If you come up out of the water too quickly, bubbles form in your
		 blood.
		
2) Como um motivo, geralmente inconsciente, por trás de uma ação.
		25.100 palavras
Ex.: a) He supported his loss out of a deep fear of losing his high position in the 		 company.
 b) Forgive my brother. He acted out of jealousy and insecurity.
		3) Fora do limite ou do alcance.
		
Ex.: a) I give up my studies about UFOS, it’s out of my comprehension.
 b) It’s out of human’s capacity understand the mysteries of outer space.
		4) Idéia tridimensional de separação.
		
Ex.: a) Tell me about your plans now that you are out of the company.
 b) I don’t of Catherine any more. She’s out of my heart.
	
5) Material específico ou incomum.
		
Ex.: a) Saquê is a traditional Japanese beverage made out of rice wine.
 b) Out of barley from Egyptian crops they make that beer which I love so much.
OVER – Possui várias conotações:
1-De um lado ao outro (como ACROSS), mas pelo ar.
Ex.: a) We left Rio at 8 am and flew over Washington late in the afternoon.
 b) My dog gets stressed with those birds over his head all day long.
2-Sobre, por cima (como ABOVE), porém mais próximo.
Ex.: a) It’s easy to get those fruits, there just some centimeters over our heads.
 b) It’ Billy behind me. I can feel the smell of cognac over my shouders.
3) Do outro lado.
Ex.: a) In order to find food the monkey had to go over the river from the forest.
 b) Don’t stop on the middle. Go over the valley and you will find the river.
 
1) Tendo um sentido de algo que excede em quantidade; um número superior.
Ex.: a) Over three million people watched the game on TV last night.
 b) As a bat and he’s been haunting the city for over a century.
 
2) Expressando sentimento a respeito de algo.
Ex.: a) Everyone who watched Casablanca cried over it.
 b) I know you will laugh over the situation,but it’s really true. Believe me!
OWING TO – Tem o mesmo sentido de DUE TO que quer dizer razão ou motivo de uma ação.
Ex.: a) Owing to the sudden blackout we had to finish the class twenty minutes earlier.
 b) Our woods have been depleted for years owing to the cutting down of trees in forbidden areas. 
Agora vamos aos exercícios:
1- Complete os espaços com as preposições adequadas:
a) São Paulo ________ has ________ the largest the Japanese community _________ Japan.
b) He lingers ________ some of the pages and then he hangs it to a short woman and they examine it together.
c) ________ a heavy rain the fashion exhibition had to be postponed.
d) The movie is a blockbuster. ________ Eight hundred thousand people watched it in one week.
e) Don’t ask me to give Anthony a third chance on the movie, it’s _________ question.
f) Diego, my son, had a dream in which a big and white stork flew ________ our house bringing him a little baby sister.
g) You’re speaking in a way that shows a different point of view; totally ________ to mine.
h) I know our husband drinks a lot, but I think he does it ________ a necessity for love and care.
i) The thief was son scared that he jump to the other building in order to escape from the police.
j) He left his home in March to travel around the world and has visited ________ 16 countries since then.
2- Coloque na ordem certa as palavras para formar frases:
a) He / car / belongings / on top of / open / it / in order to / placed / his / the
b) Home security / all / over / Corbi / getting / worried / to / before / your / talk
c) Reduced / men / 50 / 50 per cent / up to / the / age / of / have / over / level 5 / of / levels / testosterone
d) Celia / husband / years / of / it / over / took / her / jealous / twelve / rid / to / get
e) Of / a / city / pace / you / for / to / few / weeks / change / a / your / need / spend / out side
f) Material / many / live / made / from / Amazon / forest / in / houses / dwellers / out of / the
g) Greenhouse / where / place / in / British / out of / Scilly / is / the / only / the / isles / plants / can / doors / grow
h) Got / party / never / government / so many / a for / voters / being / opposite / the
3- Altere as frases de acordo com o modelo. Siga o exemplo abaixo:
	He bought a wonderful house outside Manhattan.
	Modelo: A hill.
	He bought a wonderful house on top a hill.
a) His stressful city.
b) Extra savings.
c) The Hudson River.
d) A modern Shopping Center.
e) The business district.
4- Responda a estas perguntas utilizando preposições:
a) How long were you away on your last vacation? (OVER).
___________________________________________.
b) Why did they have to stop the game (OWING TO).
___________________________________________.
c) Where should I lay these looks (ON TOP OF).
___________________________________________.
d) Do you and Jerry have the same idea on that matter? (OPPOSITE).
___________________________________________.
e) Why did you have such a short vacation? (OUT OF).
___________________________________________.
f) Is your mother a housewife? (OUTSIDE).
___________________________________________.
g) Was it a sad movie? (OVER).
___________________________________________.
Mais exercícios, desta vez utilizando todas as preposições deste grupo.
1) Tente resolver este jogo de palavras cruzadas utilizando as preposições aprendidas:
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
ACROSS –
2 – Take this towel and place it ___________ the kitchen table, please.
3 – ______________ an accident during the Second World War that man lives on a wheel chair.
5 – We built a small room for Mary _________ of that hill.
7 – Lauren is the girl wearing glass ___________ Mr. Smith.
8 – The curl on the ball took it __________ the wall.
DOWN – 
1 – I need to loose some weight. I started a diet only ________fruits and vegetables last week.
2 – Don’t mention Ted; his ideas are totally _________ to ours. 
3 – No European Team has ever won the World Cup when the tournament has been held _________ the continent.
4 – She died __________ cancer five years ago.
6 – This song is wonderful, it lifts you right ___________ your body.
7 – Norwegian Supermarkets have threatened to pull Israeli products _________ their shelves.
2) Escolha a preposição adequada:
a) _____________ (of / on / out of) a Friday afternoon Jerry left his parents house to spend _________ (on / opposite / over) five years ___________ (outside / on top of / of ) Brazil.
b) When the teacher started the test the students were ____________ (of / out of / off) class.
c) _____________ (owing to / opposite / over) a sudden blackout are the meetings had to be postponed.
d) Porto Alegre is famous for being for _____________ (over / of / outside) eight years in the hands __________ ( off / of / on-the) workers party (PT).
e) The difference between the world ______________ (out of / of / opposite) the poor has grown too big.
f) _____________ (on / off / out of) summer evenings, parents still sit down ____________ (off / on top of / on) their porches and chat with neighbors.
g) Our position ____________ (of / on / outside) the issue is strong but not without flexibility.
h) She didn’t tell us why she had decided to move __________ (out of / off / opposite her son’s house).
i) Studies show that in Japan more than 3 million people ____________ (on / out of / over).
j) The president spoke from a perch _________ (of / on / off) the staircase ___________ ( of / over / opposite) his home in Washington.
3) Reescreva estas frases,substituindo as expressões sublinhadas pela preposição adequada. Siga o exemplo
	
Ex.: Pablo spent all morning in his brother’s garage - (of).
	 Pablo spent all morning in the garage of his brother. 
a) There’s a new restaurant across from my building (opposite).
b) For that crime he will spend more than 20 years in jail (over).
c) It was easier to recognize the man immediately next to the police officer (on the right of).
d) I’m sure his life will change now that he’s not in prison anymore (out of).
e) David walks three miles to take the bus to work everyday (on).
f) Johnny’s bad behavior made us lose the opportunity to watch the show (owing to).
g) In Azerbaijan there is a 1.100 mile pipeline which runs oil from the Caspian sea to a Mediterranean port in Turkey (out of).
h) America’s aim is to develop stronger commercial relationship in the outer part of middle east (outside).
PARTE 6
O próximo grupo compreende as seguintes preposições:
PAST; PLUS; ROUND; SINCE; THROUGH; THROUGH OUT; TILL; TIMES; TO; TOWARD
PAST – 1) Além; adiante de, ou passando de um lado ao outro lateralmente.
Ex.: a) Brenda is really angry. She just walked past me this morning without saying a word.
	 b) I went past his door and he didn’t see me.
	 2) Um sentido parecido com o de AFTER, porém mais coloquial.
	Ex.: a) Dr. Richards works very hard. It’s past midnight and his still at his office.
 b) Go home to get some rest and be here again at half past three.
	 3) Fora de alcance ou possibilidade
	Ex.: a) Your behaviour during the festival was totally past comprehension for 
	everybody; why did you do that?
	
	 b) Although the doctor had told her that her disease is past cure I believe she’ll 
	overcome it.
	
PLUS – Como preposição indica quantidade adicional ou extra, acrescida de mais, quando usada para indicar soma.
1) Quantidade adicional, o que vem a mais.
Ex.: a) We called the doctor and he came at once, plus two nurses
 b) With all these heavy things in your backpack plus the weight of my purse I can imagine how tired you are.
2) Em aritmética vem representada pelo sinal “+”
Ex.: a) Seven plus five equals twelve
 b) Fifteen dollars in my pocket plus your student card we can watch the movie.
ROUND – Em volta; em redor; detodos os lados; por toda parte.
1) Por todos os lados (como AROUND). 
Ex.: He took off his shoes and looked round the room.
b) Let’s walk around this neighbourhood to find a cheaper restaurant. Shall we?
2) Em círculos (como ABOUT).
Ex.: There are ten satellites moving round Saturn.
b) She never stops running around the house searching for small seeds.
3) Por toda parte.
Ex.: In less than 24 hours, the bad news went round the small village.
b) The government put soldiers round the ghettos in order to stop the turmoil.
SINCE – Duração a partir de um determinado ponto até o presente.
		Ex.: a) I’ve been living in this country since I graduated from college.
b) Jack Nicholson has been in the film business since 1958.
THROUGH – 1) Através de, até o fim.
 Ex.: The four mountaineers went through many dangers but finally got to the top of the mount.
 b) He escaped through the back door of the agency with all the money stolen.
		 2) De uma extremidade a outra; do princípio ao fim.
		Ex.: Let’s turn right and drive through my uncle’s farm in order to arrive earlier.
	 b) Walk all the way through and you’ll find the president.
		 3) Por meio de, devido a.
		Ex.: Through your help my son got second place in the exam.
 b) I’m sure you found the right job through your search on that site.
		 4) Em datas; FROM TO (inclusive).
		Ex.: His looking for a job where he can work from Monday through 
		Thursday and have three days off.
 b) From Friday through the end of next week nobody works in this country.
THROUGHOUT – 1) Do começo ao fim.
Ex.: Luis Inácio (Lula) da Silva became the ideal president. He started and finished his mandate doing exactly what he promised throughout his campaign.
 b) You can find another rare species of that tree, but you’ll have to travel throughout the country to encounter.
 2) Em toda parte.
Ex.: The news about mad cow disease caused a fuss when it spread throughout Europe. 
 b) Throughout the hamlet people cried e suffered when he died.
Agora vamos aos exercícios desta fase.
1 – Complete as frases utilizando adequadamente as preposições abaixo:
Past – Plus – Round – Since – Through – Throughout
Ann got up very frightened one night. She heard noise and thought someone could be _________ her house. She lives in a small cottage __________ she moved __________ her baby to this small village. __________ the night Ann perceived the steps of a being walking __________ her door. But when she finally decided to come near the window and look _________ it, she realized the night was calm and nobody was outside.
2 – Una as frases da coluna “A” às da coluna “B” utilizando a devida preposição:
A)
1. They’ve been crossing this country on horse back 
2. His health problem was considered 
3. There’s no room in my house for your sister
4. The White Bear is a strange animal which sleeps
5. Witnesses say the accident occurred 
6. Our country is small; a complete tour
B) 
1. Her three young fat children
2. The winter
3. A total neglect of the driver
4. The beginning of this century
5. Cure for the medicine of those days
6. It will take no more than five hours
3 – Coloque em ordem as palavras e forme frases. Siga o exemplo abaixo:
	Serious / a / looking / man / very / through / the / bizarrely / suddenly / dressed / rushed / front door
	Suddenly a bizarrely dressed man rushed through the front door looking very serious.
a) He / season / before / to play / his / title / a / throughout / had / winning / first / NBA / long
_____________________________________________________________
b) Australia / food / not / world / is / aspect / throughout / the / only / become / the / of / that / has / item / hot / a
_____________________________________________________________
c) People / dream / is / most / round / for / a / trip / half-way / a bit / the / world / of / a
_____________________________________________________________
d) Favourite / waiting / meal / two / execution / glasses / he / the / ate / of / for / his / plus / wine / while
_____________________________________________________________
e) Because / tired / is / night / teacher / worked / three a.m. / he / the / past / last
_____________________________________________________________
f) Pretty / Rachel Welch / sixty / is / past / woman / even / a / still
_____________________________________________________________
4 – Complete as seguintes frases:
a) We’ve been living in the city since ______________________________________.
b) You can play in the backyard but don’t go past ____________________________.
c) San Francisco is the name of a river that reins through _______________________.
d) I’ve waited a long time for that trip round _________________________________.
e) Many of our abilities are learned through _______________________(experience).
f) Gospel brunches are good indication of music’s growing popularity throughout __________________________(The USA).
g) If you want to sell into other parts of the market, you can sell your product through ______________________(the internet).
Continuemos agora com as preposições restantes deste grupo:
roducer
TILL – Quer dizer duração, até certo ponto; até; até que.
	Ex.: a) The film was bad but I want to see it till the end of the last scene.
	 b) We had to work till midnight.
TIMES – Usada em aritmética para multiplicação.
	Ex.: Six times three equals eighteen.
 b) She spent four times the time I need to complete the same task.
TO – Esta é uma das campeãs em número de significados. Entre outros, quer dizer: para, em direção, até, a fim de, em, de, da, o, a, etc.
1) Em uma direção específica.
Ex.: a) Could you take me to the airport, please?
 b) Jane is buying an interesting book to the English class.
2) Expressando posição relativa.
Ex.: That horse ran extremely well and was second only to the favourite.
 b) The US is a big coffee producer but not to our country, Brazil. We are the first in the world.
3) Para dizer as horas.
Ex.: We need to go now, it’s already a quarter to nine.
 b) Please, remind me to buy the newspaper before the stand closes at ten to five.
4) Mostrando ligação ou afeto.
Ex.: a) You can’t take away those books, they belong to my wife.
b) The student became so attached to Mr. Bert that were having problem to find give then another teacher.
5) Indicando transformação ou mudança pessoal de hábito (em vez de INTO).
Ex.: The doctor advised him to change to a diet, which is poor in fat.
 b) You need to change to black coffee, without sugar, if you want improve your health.
6) Contra alguma coisa.
Ex.: She demonstrated her faith by kissing the image and pressing it to her heart.
 b) Very close, leaning her body to mine, we started our trip.
7) Fazendo comparação.
Ex.: a) In comparison to Russian, English is an easy language.
 b) This is nothing to that.
8) De acordo com; segundo.
Ex.: Fried brain is the worst food of all to my taste.
 b) To his point of view there’s no life beyond death. What do you think?
TOWARDS – Compreende direção, com respeito a, proximidade, finalidade.
1) Em direção.
Ex.: The trop marched decidedly towards the enemy to win the final battle.
 b) I had to jump quickly when I saw the car coming towards me.
2) Com respeito a, para com.
Ex.: I always wondered what kind of feelings he would know towards your resignation.
 b) Let’s hope the best for Cindy. Bob is throwing a party tomorrow as a celebration towards her coming back home healthy and safe. 
3) Próximo a.
Ex.: a) After many complaints and arguments we’re getting towards the end of this long strike.
 b) The number of strikers got towards ten thousand by the end of the second day.
4) Para, a fim de.
Ex.: Every month she contributes towards her school campaign.
 b) The money I’m amassing now is a little effort towards my sister’s cirurgy.Vamos aos exercícios desta fase.
1) Complete os espaços com a devida preposição:
a) Santa Maria is the starting point for a week-long trip _____________ Colombia’s lost city.
b) When I came face _________ face with danger, I discovered there’s more ___________ Colombia than drugs.
c) They didn’t contribute at all to be heading __________ that shameful situation.
d) The weather changes so quickly in this place; lets wait ___________ the rain stops we can’t have now.
e) I was amazed by his behaviour __________ you; how could he be so rude?
f) We bought the house and after three we sold it for a price almost three _________ the original value.
2) Assinale a alternativa correta:
a) Now that our family has diminished, we’d better move to a smaller house
Nesta frase, a preposição to define que tipo de situação?
ٱ	Expressa posição relativa.
ڤ	Indica transformação ou mudança pessoal de hábito.
ڤ	Faz comparação.
ڤ	Mostra ligação ou afeto.
b) Donald Rumsfeld questioned the British contribution towards war
Aqui a preposição towards indica:
ڤ	Próximo a.
ڤ 	Em direção.
ڤ	Com respeito.
ڤ	Para.
c) The education system is a matter of crucial importance to America.
Neste caso a preposição to quer dizer:
ڤ	Em uma direção específica.
ڤ	Mostrando afeto ou ligação.
ڤ	De acordo com.
ڤ	Posição relativa.
d) We’re more committed than others to the principles of the U.N.
To, neste caso expressa:
ڤ	Comparação.
ڤ	Direção específica.
ڤ	Afeto ou ligação.
ڤ	Posição relativa.
e) Towards the end, disillusioned Mayans have faced their elites and beheaded them
A preposição towards, nesta frase, indica:
ڤ	Para.
ڤ	Próximo a.
ڤ	Com respeito.
ڤ	Em direção.
f) U.S. foreign policy should be geared toward maintaining their advantage and power.
Toward, nesta frase, quer dizer:
ڤ	Em direção.
ڤ	Para.
ڤ	Com respeito.
ڤ	Próximo.
3) Una as duas colunas formando frases com as preposições abaixo:
Towards – to – till – times
A
1. It took so much electricity to lift water from one watershed
2. Saddam is not above slaughtering his own people and pointing
3. To crush Saddam’s Elite Republican Guard will the decisive step
4. After that boring dinner I didn’t get home
5. I have no regrets for losing that job. Here I can make three
6. All day he had been putting off the thought of his responsibilities
B
1. Towards victory is Iraq.
2. To another.
3. Towards Sophia.
4. To the infidels.
5. Times as much my old salary.
6. Till after midnight.
4) Construa três frases boas com a preposição TO e de sentidos diferentes.
	___________________________________________________________________
	___________________________________________________________________
	___________________________________________________________________
Agora a etapa de exercícios em que serão aplicadas todas as preposições da fase em questão. Lembre-se, são elas:
PAST; PLUS; ROUND; SINCE; THROUGH; THROUGH OUT; TILL; TIMES; TO; TOWARDS
Para começar, procure resolver este jogo de palavras cruzadas ao completar as frases abaixo corretamente.
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
ACROSS - 
1- A grey-haired woman carrying a shopping bag looked at karas briefly as he walked ______________ her.
4- Administration officials suspect large sums of illicit Iraque money have moved ______________ Syria.
5- The current US administration is headed by people who are not sensitive ____________ other peoples points of view.
6- Posters plastered on shop window ______________ the city portrayed images of their leader.
7- The progress ___________ building the new Afghan National Army has been halting at best.
DOWN - 
 2- Bush’s goal is to eradicate terrorism by changing hearts and regimes ___________ the Axis Evil and its annexes.
3- She came early for lunch ___________ two skinny and hungry children.
4- The class is over but you need to wait ____________ your brother arrives to pick you up.
5- Susan is too young. I could not allowed her to play with boys three _________ her age.
2) Complete com a devida preposição:
a) They kept me in a room alone without food and water. I never want to go _________ that anymore.
b) The idea is to break down their resistance ____________ sleep and food deprivation.
c) The two men often went out __________ dinner together.
d) The opinion surveys gave him less than 10 per cent of the vote __________ most of the last year.
e) Any movement ___________ peace will at least neuter the opposition congress Party’s criticism.
f) Prodi and Berlasconi represent Europe the world.
g) He wants to sign the new European constitution due ___________ the end of June.
h) Last year thousand of Dean supporters met at various functions __________ the country.
i) United nations Iraq staff worked ______________ the war to restore essential supplies and services.
j) During frequent visits ___________ the White House, Franks also bonded with Bush.
3) Escolha a alternativa correta:
a) The American troops began the attack from the north _____________ (to / through / past) Turkey.
b) Franks was not insensitive ____________ (to / through / throughout) brutal images of American power.
c) Al-Sadr makes no attempt to conceal his antipathy ___________ (times / round / toward) America.
d) A civilian council was organized to return the police ___________ (thought / to / past) the streets.
e) Early in the morning he gets in his car and drives alone ____________ (through / plus / till) the city.
f) The purchase of high-tech systems is not unrelated ___________ (towards / to / times) the recent moves of U.S. troops.
g) These words riveted attention on something that, _________ (till / through / plus) recently, seemed a historic curiosity.
h) She finds herself unable to seep ___________ (throughout / till / round) 4 a.m.
i) Nearly 6000 billboards were scattered _____________ (to / till / round) the city, reminding locals to extend a warm welcome ___________ (through / to / plus) visitors.
j) Alex isn’t late. He usually leaves his office __________ (till / past / to) 9 p.m. on Mondays.
4 – Tente formar frases utilizando as palavras e as preposições dadas. Siga o exemplo abaixo:
He / Bread / Plus / Eggs - He eats a big slice a bread plus two eggs for breakfast.
a) Sonia / past / school / car - _________________________________________.
b) Expensive / change / to / public - ____________________________________.
c) Toward / $3.000,00 / promotion - ____________________________________.
d) Monday / through / Saturday - _______________________________________.
e) Elisa / throughout / vacation / Europe - ________________________________.
f) Euro / currency / since / 2.000 - ______________________________________.
g) Rotation / movement / earth / round / sun - _____________________________.
PARTE 7
Passemos agora ao nosso último grupo de preposições.
UNDER; UNDERNEATH; UNLIKE; UNTIL; UP; UP TO; VIA; WITH; TOGETHER WITH; WITHIN; WITHOUT 
UNDER – Designa posição inferior, abaixo; proteção quantidade inferior; conformidade.
1 – Por baixo.
	Ex.: The new subway line will be mostly constructed under water.
 b) There’s a space under the house where we keep all our collections from childhood.
2 – Menos que, abaixo.
	
Ex.: a) If you’re under eighteen, forget that movie; they won’t let you in.
	 b) It’s impossible to find good rents under R$ 500,00 in this neighborhood
3 – Sob certas condições.
	Ex.: a) American studios must release 25 to 30 films a year under European banner.
	 b) She slept all night under her mother’s attention.
4 – Usando; possuindo.
	Ex.: The kidnapper could easily leave the country under a false name.
 b) You look like a real mobster under that strange raincoat. 
5 – De acordo com.
	Ex.: Let’s keep our word and pay the amount under the agreement.
 b) Under these circumstances I’m not dealing withyou. I’m really sorry!
6 – Protegido ou dominado por.
	Ex.: The judge spent that weekend under federal protection.
 b) This department is getting dangerous. We’ve been working under threats for the past two months. I think I’m going to resign.
UNDERNEATH – Sentido parecido ao de UNDER e BENEATH; quer dizer: por baixo, sob. 
	Ex.: I like to wear a white t-shirt underneath my shirt.
 b) Put this pillow underneath your head to sleep better it’s much comfortable than the other one. 
UNLIKE – De modo diferente; ao contrário.
	Ex.: Unlike the earth, which rotates every 24 hours, Jupiter rotates every 9, 8 hours.
 b) Don’t get late for your meeting with Jenny. Unlike me, she’s very punctual.
UNTIL – Ver TILL
UP – De modo geral quer dizer: Em cima, para cima.
1) Subindo.
	Ex.: Go up the stairs and meet me on the 2nd floor.
 b) Up that mountain one can find the best water falls of this region. Shall we visit them? 
 2) Expressando o oposto de DOWN.
	Ex.: The weather is so nice that I feel like fishing up the river.
 b) If you want to get to Largo da Carioca go up Rio Branco Avenue and turn right on Nilo Peçanha Street. Largo da Carioca is on your left. 
UP TO – Movimento para cima; até, comparado ao normal.
1) Para cima, expressando destino.
	Ex.: Washington gets up to 32º Celsius in the summer.
 b) Athletes have to climb up to 285 steps in less than thirty minutes. 
2) Até. 
	Ex.: Dr. Charles Berde is testing a new local anesthetics that could provide pain relief for up to four days.
 b) I read up to page 5 and stopped when the bell rang; it was the end of the class.
Passemos à primeira fase de exercícios.
1 – Complete com a devida preposição:
a) I visited a Hollywood ____________ increasing pressure to cut cost, particularly in film production.
b) Iran, even __________ the ayatollahs, is a whole lot more democratic than Iraq ever was __________ Saddam Hussein.
c) ____________ her sister, Laura doesn’t eat too much chocolate and can be proud of her slim body and healthy skin.
d) Ordinary observations just isn’t __________ the took of catching liars.
e) As to bravery and resolve let’s see whether the politicians can measure __________ the American soldiers.
f) The costumed guides bring to life the terrible conditions ___________ which the prisoners lived and died.
g) He climbed twelve step __________ the huge gallows to face his execution.
h) These are the marker stones of some notorious murders and _____________ them, we have their grave markers.
2 – Faça perguntas para as seguintes respostas:
	Ex.: No, under fifteen dollars each.
		 Did you pay a lot for those cds?
a) Up to flights of stairs is room nº 6.
________________________________________________________?
b) I found it sleeping under our bed.
________________________________________________________?
c) The company is excellent. You can make up to $ 4.000 a month.
________________________________________________________?
d) I think you should wear something underneath the shirt. It’ll be very cold.
________________________________________________________?
e) Unlike me, he comes from the north. 
________________________________________________________?
3 – Reescreva as frases abaixo substituindo os termos sublinhados por uma preposição:
a) Even dominated by former president Fernando Henrique Cardoso, public spending rose by 5 percent a year.
___________________________________________________________________.
b) On the contrary of Cedric Dig gory in the rowling’s last book, a major character dies this time.
___________________________________________________________________.
c) He had to live the stairs of his aunt and uncle’s for six months.
___________________________________________________________________.
d) Never did I imagined that one day, a sheet of that document would slid directly below my door.
___________________________________________________________________.
e) Different from earlier U.S. efforts, this one doesn’t by pass people already infected with the virus.
___________________________________________________________________.
f) Prisoners subjected by heavy guard dug and purified the mud to get to the diamond mines.
___________________________________________________________________.
g) He was accused in accordance with Article 1º of a part of the Penal Code.
___________________________________________________________________.
h) If you are in Rio and want to get to Niteroi; do it easily by way of Rio Niteroi bridge.
___________________________________________________________________.
i) Turkey has offered to send even 10.000 troops to serve in Central or Southern Iraq.
___________________________________________________________________.
E, finalmente, as últimas preposições:
VIA – Por meio de.
Ex.: If you have a Personal Computer and a telephone line you can communicate with the world via Internet.
 b) My students now turn in all their work via e-mail. It’s more practical.
WITH – Esta é outra preposição que apresenta diversos significados, todos de uso comum.
 1- Referindo-se a um objeto que foi utilizado
 Ex: a) Stewart Copeland is a modern composer. With his new computer he can play the notes on the keyboard.
 b) She cut a slice of the cake with the vegetable knife.
2- Descrição; ao apresentar determinado estado ou condição 
Ex: a) The southern California city was voted the only area in the US with perfect weather.
 
 b) I prefer my coffee very hot, with little sugar
 
3- Oposição; Dando idéia de luta ou desavença
Ex: a) In many schools nowadays children are learning new ways of dealing with conflicts and violence.
 b) USA and Iraq went to war with one another because of weapons of mass destruction.
 
4- Ao indicar posse
Ex: If you’re not going to drive this afternoon, please, leave the keys with me.
 b) All participants must remain with the tickets and present them to our secretaries at the end of this lecture.
 5- Ação conseqüente de um sentimento.
 
 Ex: The outgoing Archbishop officially welcomed his appointment with warmth.
 b) It’s with great relief that I announce the end of the attack to our embassy.
 6- Expressando uma qualidade intrínseca. 
 Ex: The Simpsons express, with great wit (humor afiado) and imagination, some of the stories we tell ourselves.
 b) All those books were written with the intention of improving the lives of our beloved studentes. 
 
 7- De acordo. Apoiando alguém ou alguma ideia.
 
 Ex: I’m sure your point of view will convince the members of our group. I’ll be with you. 
 b) Can we count with our people for next election?
 8- Companhia. Demonstrando afeto ou ligação.
 Ex: He moved with his family to Egypt when he was only a few months old.
 b) If you pass your last exams you’ll go with me in my trip to India.
 
 9- Numa circunstância externa, como opção. Mostrando o que está dentro ou sobre alguma coisa.
 Ex: a) James always travels with his tank completely full up.
 
 b) The little boy entered home and showed his shirt spotted with blood. 
 
 10- Descrevendo um processo de preparo, ao mencionar o material adicionado.
 Ex: You need to fill the centre of the apple with sugar and some raisins before you bake it. 
 b) My father never used sugar in his coffee. He preferred it with honey.
 11- Indicando relação; em caso de pessoas ou coisas.
 Ex: Forget this issue; it has nothing to do with you. 
 b) What do you want with my sister? Forget her; she doesn’t care about you.
 12- Denotando o que foi causado por alguém ou algumacoisa
 Ex: a) People started running desperately with the noise that suddenly came from the inside of the building. 
 
 b) Philip needs to go to the dentist. He´s in bed again with that toothache.
 
TOGETHER WITH - Esta é uma preposição combinada que expressa a junção de dois atributos trabalhando em conjunto.
 Ex: You can become the best contender tonight if you just make use of your intelligence together with your wonderful physical attractiveness.
 b) For a better chance in the job market the fluency in English together with another language is a strong requisite.
WITHIN – Em sentido geral esta preposição denota especificação de limites.
 1 – Definindo períodos.
 Ex: You can wait for Mr. Thompson. He’ll be back within ten minutes from the drugstore.
 b) Please, call me again within a few hours. I can’t talk to you now.
 2 – Especificando uma duração.
 Ex: I hope to finish my English course within six months. b) b) Within two or three days this yogurt will be spoiled if you don’t use it.
 3 – Dentro dos limites de.
 Ex: In order to pay all my bills I need to live within my salary this month. 
 b) He spent years of his life within the walls of Newgate due to a crime he didn’t commit.
 
WITHOUT- Denota exclusão e separação.
 1 – Exclusão.
 
 Ex: I need this work to be done tomorrow without failure. 
 b) It’s terrible to start a new job without any experience.
 2 - Separação.
 Ex: Homeless children have wandered on our streets without care or attention.
 b) Please! Don’t go. I can’t leave without you.
 
 Vamos agora aos exercícios.
1- Complete os espaços em branco com a devida preposição.
a) At the end of the climb they entered a good-sized room, square, ________ windows on all four sides.
b) Nowadays the best way to get downtown from Barra is _______ Yellow line.
 c) There’s something integrally wrong ______an English person making country music.
 d) ______ the last information, the policeman hopes to catch the outlaw ______ a few hours.
 e) He was sent to court and convicted ______ any evidence. 
 f) Using the best kind of machinery, __________ the help of his reliable crew, Jacques Costeau discovered the wonders of the oceans.
 
g) Not far from this urban area, ________ a one or two-hour drive, there are plenty of exuberant tourist attractions. 
h) He decorated his house ______stuff from the street.
2- Reescreva as frases abaixo, substituindo os termos sublinhados por uma preposição. Siga o exemplo:
Ex: Pablo has a house in the forest. Wild animals roam freely inside the limits of the borders of his property.
 Pablo has a house in the forest. Wild animals roam freely within the borders of his property.
a) - After twenty years living in the US, she came back to Brazil in the company of her family.
_____________________________________________________________________.
 
 b) - Mr. Walton, along with his wife Linda, runs the most important tv network in the city.
 _____________________________________________________________________. 
 
 
 c) - You should control the way you spend your small heritage or it could be lost not further than a few years.
 
 _____________________________________________________________________.
 d)- Having the elevator out of order, even very feeling very tired, the old woman climbed in the absence of hesitation, the eighteen floors of her apartment building.
______________________________________________________________________.
e) You can’t miss my new address if you come during the day by way of the new road.
 _______________________________________________________________________.
f) Henry is really a wonderful friend. I couldn’t have done that work not having his help.
 
 _________________________________________________________________.
g) The store clerk recommended that this product should be consumed not beyond six days.
_________________________________________________________________. 
3- Identifique o tipo de situação que está sendo expressada pela preposição with nas frases abaixo
 
 
a) His son is very studious and intelligent. He graduated with honor in mathematics.
( ) Descrição
( ) Relação
( ) Qualidade intrínseca
( ) Indicando posse
 
b) The old lady paid for her dinner with travelers check.
( ) Companhia
( ) Objeto utilizado
 ( ) Estado ou condição
 ( ) Indicando posse
c) Tess is so stressed that he often ends up arguing with his boss for any reason.
 ( ) Ligação ou companhia
 ( ) Descrição
 ( ) Ação vinda de um sentimento 
 ( ) Descrevendo processo de preparo 
 
d) If my candidate decides to resign, I’ll be with him.
( ) Posse
( ) De acordo com alguém ou alguma idéia
( ) Qualidade intrínseca
( ) Circunstância externa como opção 
 
e) Aerobics has became very popular with teens.
( ) Descrevendo processo de preparo
( ) Oposição
( ) Objeto utilizado
( ) Relação
 
f) The students can’t concentrate on the English test with all that noise somebody is making outside the classroom. 
( ) Circunstância externa como opção
( ) Qualidade intrínsica 
( ) Relação
( ) Causa 
 
g) If I were you, instead of criticising Elena I would try to know what’s wrong with her.
( ) Relação em caso de pessoas ou coisas
( ) Posse
( ) Circunstância externa como opção 
( ) Ação conseqüente de um sentimento
4- Complete as frases usando as duas colunas
I - It’s possible to find your best clothes collection, but only ……
 II- Do you know what’s it like to live ……
 III- He abandoned the project and nothing much happened …… 
 IV- Lately she has been very generous ……
 V- Jackson Heights is a New York community ……
 VI-This course offers an intensive program for teenagers ……
 a) Until 1953
 b) With very little nightlife
 c) Under these conditions?
 d) With my money
 e) Until august 14, this year
 f) Along with a basic level
 Vamos agora, nesta fase, trabalhar com todas as preposições estudadas
 
 1- Para começar, procure resolver este modelo de palavras cruzadas, utilizando as preposições adequadas.
ACROSS
1- Mind and bodywork together, so, language is not used __________ relation to the circumstances of the speaker.
 2- They started to date after meeting each other _________ that famous agency.
 3- _________ her brother, who got married in a church, Tracy got married in a shrine.
 4- After searching for more than six hours, they finally found the bomb _________ the car.
 5- The advantages of teaching a language throughspeech can be grouped _________ four categories.
 7- He made his students sit still _________ folded arms and answer only after putting up their hands.
 
DOWN
 1- People don’t go beyond this area; it still remains _________ police control.
 2- Stephen King’s Wizard of Glass was published by Vicking Press _________ re-prints of previous episodes.
 3- Janet worked _________ two o’clock trying to get her homework finished. 
 4- At the beginning of the course, we may present, in each lesson, _________ twenty words to get the language well done. 
 
 2- Neste exercício, apresentaremos um texto, onde aparece 14 vezes a preposição with . 
 Como a primeira já se encontra assinalada, procure identificar as outras 13.
 
 If the teacher is always present during the learning process, he can help his students with difficulties. If the teaching of new language patterns and essential vocabulary is practised small groups, the learning process becomes faster and in the open. Face to face new material not yet explained in the class, they need to be constantly forcing their way an effort of will and concentration. In such cases, working other students would build his confidence. Moreover, he would achieve fluency accuracy in a much shorter time.
 On the other hand, learning a language from a book is to be involved on a constant preoccupation meanings and interpretation. Yet, A good class may be expected to study patterns of conversation and intonation the help of a script. However, some kinds of works, like showing unemphatic forms of words such as “have”, “can”, “shall”, etc, is best done the help of a good sound media.
 The learning of languages becomes more urgent the diminution of barriers of space and the necessity of international co-operation. The vast increase in the availability of languages spoken by the best native of them and dealing current affairs can be seen as a motivation to the attentive learner. Courses where radio, cds, or taped, specially designed for home learners, supplemented attractively printed material give the best chance for adults who are unable to attend regular courses. The knowledge and skill of the instructors may be expected to increase rapidly regular listening and systematic repetition of the speech patterns their classes.
 3- Agora, usando a frase modelo, conclua a idéia, ao aplicar a preposição certa.
27% of families in the USA take care of an elderly relative, or will
WITHOUT – WITH – UNTIL – UNDER – UNLIKE – WITHIN
a) Within five years.
b) _________ the end of next month.
c) _________ love and affection.
d) _________ the European families.
e) _________ the help of the government.
f) _________ certain circumstances.
 4- Preencha os espaços com a devida preposição.
 In 1999, software from Blog.com put blogging _________ the reach of all web users. Blog got media attention thanks to a Iraqi, writing _________ the pseudonym Salem Pax. Salem heightened the profile of the web log because it allowed people an insight into the war _________ the filter of various news censors. And it’s a very good thing because you can get actually _________ the skin of the real events and obviously he’s done very well of it. For journalists, however, blogs are a potentially serious threat and Salem Pax was the one person to come out of the Iraqi conflict _________ a new career. If you are not interested in technology, but are just in search of a good read, then the shortest routes for a blog _________ general interest is _________ the annual awards of the British newspaper The Guardian.
 
Respostas dos exercícios
Aqui você vai poder conferir os seus erros e acertos. Boa sorte!
PARTE I - Grupo 1
Primeira fase – ABOUT; ABOVE; ACROSS
1- a) Across b) Above c) About d) About e) Above f) About g) About h) Across 
 i) about j) Across
2- a) The class will finish about 9:00 pm.
 b) In the military rank a captain is over a major.
 c) The wife complains every time her husband leaves his clothes about the bedroom.
 d) After robbing the old lady, the thief disappeared by running across the street.
 e) Why don’t you forget her? She’s so mean and you’re above her hypocrisy. 
 f) Our street became a lake after the flood and we could swim across it.
 3- Tina: “You’re so quiet, Alex. What happened?”
 Alex: “I was thinking about last night.”
 Tina: “I saw you walking alone about the school court.Were you ok?”
 Alex: “Not much, I couldn’t get to sleep.”
 Tina: “Why didn’t you come up for a chat? I was just above you.”
 Alex: “I didn’t want to bother you.”
 Tina: “Or you could have knocked at Jason’s door, he sleeps in front of you just across the hall.”
 Alex: “I’m sure he was sleeping, I looked across the window and it was in the dark.”
 Tina: “What was wrong with you, after all?”
 Alex: “Can we talk about this tomorrow? I’m very sleepy now.”
Segunda Fase – AFTER; AGAINST; AHEAD OF
 1- 
 b) To write is to press the nib of the pen against the paper. 
 c) I met Anna at the party and she asked after your health.
 d) I usually get home after midnight on weekends. 
 e) In terms of electronic vote Brazil is ahead of the USA.	
 f) He washed his hands and put them to dry against the fire.
 g) It’s impossible to calculate the after effects of the epidemic.
 h) She had to sell the house even against her wishes.
 2- 
 a) Most players are against the change of their game masters.
 b) They named the bridge after the president who inaugurated it.
 c) Unless you run after the bus, you won’t get it. 
 d) Bob is never late. His watch is always ahead of the correct time.
 e) Every citizen ought to fight against social injustice.
 f) She finished the test ahead of the whole class.
 
 3- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas
 
 a) Walking against the wind makes me feel very good.
 b) If you see my father, ask after his health. He was sick last week.
 c) Leonardo Da Vinci was a great man. His ideas were always ahead of his time.
 d) Would you like to play one game of chess after class?
 e) The new president is against franchise for minors in these elections.
 f) I believe in life after death. 
 g) Mary is very intelligent. She’s always ahead of the students in her class.
 Terceira Fase – ALONG; ALONGSIDE; AMONG (AMONGST); AMID (AMIDST);
 APART FROM 
 1- 
 a- Among his brothers b- along the day c- apart from me d- amid such a terrible noise e- alongside each other f- apart from some mistakes	
 2-
 b) He works apart from his family 
 c) He works among cars and buses
 d) He works along many hours
 e) He works apart from his young son
 f) He works amidst the confusion of the traffic
 3- 
 a) You can play with any children of our neighbourhood apart from Tommy.
 b) This beach is usually very crowded and after the sunset one can see much traffic 
 along the coast.
 c) For saving the child the fireman had to work amid the fire. 
 d) Among Steven Spilberg’s most exciting films, Jurassic Park is one of the best.
 e) He won’t mind if you park your car alongside his truck.
 f) Helen Hunt played alongside Jack Nicholson in the excellent “As good as it gets”.
PARTE I – Grupo 2
Primeira Fase – AROUND; AS; AS FOR1- 
 a) as b) around c) as d) as for e) around f) as for g) around h) as
2- 
 a) I love money. As for work, I can’t say the same.
 b) Srolling around these streets is a wonderful exercise.
 c) He finished the competition as the best player of his category.
 d) Ann is a lovely composer. As for singing, she should forget it.
 e) If I didn’t have to work around the house I’d sleep until noon.
 f) Jane starts tomorrow as the manager of the leather department.
 g) Andy is working as a tutor in a learning centre for kids.
 h) Pam spent around an hour waiting for his boyfriend
3- 
 b) I went to bed around 11:00 last night.
 c) Holding hands, around the little child, I could count eight Indians.
 d) As for your brother, he doesn’t need our help. Isn’t he the bad boy?
 e) We should arrive at the train station around 2:00 pm.
 f) As the leader of this group, I have the last word.
 g) Susan can’t speak a word during the class. As for Janet, she just follows suit.
 
 4- Respostas variam 
 
 
 Segunda Fase – AS FROM (OF); AS TO; AT; AWAY FROM;
 
 1- 
 a) at b) as from c) at d) away from e) at f) away from g) at h) as from I) as to
 
 2- a) Away from the group 
 b) At Christmas
 c) As to me
 d) As of next year
e) Waving at everybody
 3- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas
a) I lived there for more than 15 years away from my family.
b) Let’s meet at the restaurant at 6:30.
c) As to me, I don’t have one favorite.
d) Yes, he did. As of next year unemployment will be his number one priority.
e) I guess something serious may have happened. Otherwise, he wouldn’t spend so much time away from his daughter.
 Trabalhando Com Todas As Preposições
 
 1-
 Across
 1- around 3- as from 4- across 5- apart from 7- after 8- against 9- amid 
 10- ahead of 
 Down
 1- about 2- as 3- away from 4- above 6- at 7- alongside 8- as to
 2- 
 1- at 2- around 3- about 4- against 5- as 6- about 7- after 8- about 9- at 
 10- among 11- about 12- against 13- around
 3- 
 a – g – e – c – f – d – b
 4- 
 b) I like all kinds of sports apart from weight training.
 c) I came here today as the president of this tv network.
 d) She even finds suspicious some excitement about her book.
 e) I really loved that last painting. This time you used a unique style, clearly after 
 Portinari’s last works.
 f) He decided to dress as a bat and to act only at night.
 g) After what you said to Clarice she won’t support you anymore in the campaign.
Parte II
Grupo 1 – BARRING; BECAUSE OF; BEFORE, BEHIND, BELOW; BENEATH, 
 BESIDE
1- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas
 b) His wife was beside him during the interview.
 c) He said his old days as a waiter are behind him now.
 d) His spoke about his live performance next Sunday, barring the rain. 	
 e) Because of the big enthusiasm his last show ended at 2:00 in the morning.
 f) After the show he threw flowers to the audience below him.	
 g) His contractor confirmed another interview beneath his notice.
 h) Beside his talent and fame, some English bands are nothing.
 i) He had to give away autographs to his fans behind the cameras.
 2- 
 a) That dance club is so popular because of the hip people.
 b) Hurry up! We need to arrive before the end of the interview.
 c) I can’t talk about that subject. It’s below my knowledge.
 d) 5 degrees below zero is very cold for me.
 e) Green Peace is the most important movement behind the awareness of a clean 
 environment. 
 f) She didn’t have the nerve to say such truths before her father. 
 g) What about some fishing in the lake beside the hotel?
 h) I was sitting between my two sisters when the bell rang.
 i) Making a comment like that is beneath him. 
 J) I guess nobody barring a blind person would buy such ugly products.
 3- 
 a) She’s going to study in the USA before the end of the summer.
 b) She’s going to study in the USA among other classmates.
 c) She’s going to study in the USA barring any changes in the school plans.
 d) She’s going to study in the USA beneath her father’s notice.
 e) She’s going to study in the USA before / beside her English teacher.
	
 4- 
 a) Behind b) behind c) before d) beside e) below f) beneath g) below h) before 
 I) beneath j) because of 
Grupo II – BESIDES; BETWEEN; BEYOND; BUT; BUT FOR; BY
1- 
 a) By b) beyond c) between d) by e) between f) besides g) by h) but I) besides 
 j) by 
2- 
	 The celebration in April 2000 of the 500th anniversary of Brazil’s discovery was disturbed by protests from indigenous groups. The indians want the restoration of part of their land, which has been usurped by industrial expansion. In the late 1980, international human right groups led by celebrities such as Sting and Bianca Jagger were able to force the Brazilian government to ensure the preservation of some tribes. Members of the Guarany tribe are encourages to commit suicide killing by themselves in mass if they are forced off land by farmers.
 	 Each day, hundreds of Guarany wander the city with their children. They stop in front of porches and homes to beg for food by clapping their hands. Despite indications that the population is being eliminated by local, criminal elements, Funai has done little to investigate the cause of deaths. Twenty-year-old Aguimar Peixoto was found hanging by a nylon strap shortly after being publicly beaten, what was described by relatives as captain’s mafia. Hours later, Lindomar Cavalheiro, a 140-pound boy, was found hanging by a t-shirt from a branch of a tree. A disturbing study by professor Rosely Arruda at the University of Dourados in 1966 shows the classification of suicide as the cause of death threats and Funai said it would open an investigation into the deaths outlined by Arruda but it never did. 
3- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas
 a) A watch and a clock?
 b) He also speaks French and Italian.
 c) Looking up in the dictionary.
 d) Visa and Master Card.
 e) Monday.
 f) The month.
 g) The big noise from my tools.
 h) A big change in the economy.
4- 
 a) Diferenciando dois objetos
 b) Através de, por meio de
 c) Salvo, exceto, a não ser 
 d) Fora do alcance de
 e) Posição aproximada numa determinada região
 Trabalhando com todas as preposições – Grupos I e II
1- Across
 1- Beyond 4) because of 5) beneath 6) behind 8) beside 9) but for
 
 Down
 1- Before 2) but 3) between 4) besides 6) by 7) below
2- 
 a) By; beyond b) by; before c) before / by; beyond; beside d) by e) because of - 
 before f) barring g) between h) beside - by 
 
3- 
 C – f – b – a – d – g - e
4- 
 a) Barring b) by c) but for d) beside – before e) between f) before g) because of 
 h) below I) behind j) besides
Parte III
Grupo 1- CONTRARY TO; DESPITE; DIVIDED BY; DOWN; DOWN TO; DUE TO; 
 DURING; EXCEPT; FACING; FOR
1- 
 a) Down b) during c) contrary to d) divided by e) during f) despite g) due to 
 h) due to I) down j) down - during – despite
 
2- 
 a) During my trip to Europe I visited several countries only by train.
 b) Carlos may lose his job. His ideas are often contrary to those of the office manager. 
 c) Due to his bad performance he had to be replaced in the second half of the game.
 d) You’ll need some warm clothes if you go down to Paraná in the winter.
 e) The mother bought eighteen marbles, divided by their three children and gave six toeach.
3- 
 a) The president kept his own opinion due to his strict personality.
 b) The president kept his own opinion during/due to the riot across the country. 
 c) The president kept his own opinion due to/during/despite the strike of public sectors.
 d) The president kept his own opinion contrary to all expectations.
4-
 a) Contrary to all expectations, American soccer team played very well this year. 
 b) Here comes Louis full of gold chains hanging down his chest.
 c) Despite the danger, police estimate that 200.000 youths go to funk clubs every week.
 d) Despite the cold wind, she went out without her coat.
 e) During two months dr.Vera gave the congress several speeches about anatomy.
 f) Due to efforts of the Westminster Council, Soho’s architectural heritage has been 
 Protected.
 g) He walked out of the series, despite playing a favorite character.
Grupo II – FOR ALL; FOR THE SAKE OF; FROM, FROM …TILL; UNTIL; UP TO
 1- 
 a) The maid will not open the door until she knows who knocked.
 b) If you are going to be in the stock market, you should not trade for the sake of trading.
 c) In Germany and France she suffered greatly from racism.
 d) I like to compare every price list when I go shopping just for the sake of economy.
 e) He can’t get rid of that strange habit for all my advices.
f) The book “White Teeth” recounts the lives of it’s characters from 1975 until 1992.
2- 
 a) Until b) from c) for the sake of d) up to e) from f) for all g) until h) from i) for, for j) for the sake of
3- Respostas variam. Possiveis respostas:
a) The man isn’t happy. Walking on the street, he’s looking for protection from the windfall. 
b) The dangerous outlaw had to be transferred from Carandiru to Bangu I prision.
 c) For all his tempestuous private life, he has created the most interesting filmographies of all times.
 d) He dropped out from High School during his adolescent years.
 
 e)In order to deliver the valuable package downtown the courier had to walk from 14th to 18th Street.
 
 f) You should stop smoking for the sake of your health.
 
 g)For all my efforts I couldn’t finish the report in time.
 h)Christopher Reeve, the actor from Superman, became paralytic after falling down from his horse.
Trabalhando com todas as preposições
1-
Across
4) From, till 2) Contrary to 
 
 
2- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas: 
a) Four whole days b) Copacabana beach c) Cancer d) fifth avenue e) from the trees f) the summer in Brazil g) a better world h) heavy rains i) the interruption of the discontents j) her strange accent
3- 
a) What happen to your arm? b) When did you take your children to Sao Paulo c) did she come from Salvador? d) why did you resign your position as president? e) How much did you pay for those sneakers? f) What are Helen’s working hours? g) did you enjoy the rock festival? h) How long are you going to be away from Brazil? i) What wonderful songs! How did you get them? j) What’s the matter with her?
 4-
a) Duração b) separação c) movimento para o sul d) propósito ou finalidade e) a favor de que algo seja feito f) causa g) início da ação
Parte IV
Primeira fase – IN – INSIDE – IN ADDITION TO – IN FAVOR OF – IN FRONT OF – IN SPITE OF
1- 
a) Inside b) in front of c) in d) in e) in favor of f) in spite of g) in addition to, in h) in i) in favor of j) in, in
2- 
a) In b) in c) in d) in front of e) in favor of f) in spite of g) in addition to
3- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas:
a) Taking care of animals b) the month of June c) his low scores during the semester d) a trip to the northeast of Brazil e) love with someone f) the new salary
Segunda fase – IN SUPPORT OF - INTO – LIKE – MINUS – NEAR – NEXT TO
1- 
a) Into b) like c) minus d) near e) minus f) next to
2- 
a) We are born with 12 billion brain cells and lose 10 percent in a lifetime.
b) Everybody knows that ten minus eight equals two or Everybody knows that ten minus two equals eight.
c) Every weekend dozens of wild animals are openly sold in fairs in Rio de Janeiro.
d) In Alasca you can do some exciting activities like panoramic fights and canoeing.
e) Sir Claudesley believed that his fleet was near the Channel Island.
3- 
 .
a) The rock group came for the show minus their percussionist.
b) The rock group came for the show like any other group.
c) The rock group came for the show in support of the School of Modern Art.
d) The rock group came for the show next to the modern big stadium.
e) The rock group came for the show near Rio de Janeiro.
4- 
 
a) The Ottomans came fairly far into Europe (IV)
b) A lot of homosexual men have decided it’s nice to have	 
 Something different like their own private language. (II)
c) Can you tell who the man next to my wife is? (V)
d) We believed that all could be transformed into a utopia. (III)
e) Stephen Carter is already a star in academia in addition to a media celebrity. (I)
f) I’ll pay you the money minus my commission, which is fifteen percent. (VI) .
Trabalhando com todas as preposições deste grupo
1-
Across
3) like 4) minus 6) inside 7) in 9) in favor of 10) into
 
 Down
1) next to 3) in addition to 5) in support of 6) in front of 8) near
 2-Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas:
a) Painting b) a stress problem c) the deep waters of the lake d) the rally to raise money for a new uniform e) the bank 
 3- .
. . 
 a) like, in b) into c) inside d) in spite of e) in, into f) near g) into
Parte V
Primeira fase - OF; OFF; ON; ONTO; ON THE LEFT/RIGHT OF
1-
a) on b) of, of c) on d) off, of, on, on, on e) of, of, on, of, off f) on, off, of
2-
a) The dangerous thief died from the many injuries he suffered.
b) The dangerous thief died off the distant shore.
c) The dangerous thief died on the deck of the enemy boat.
d) The dangerous thief died on the right of his main accomplice.
3-
I discovered later that getting lost was the last of my problems.
Many people now place adventure high on their list of main priorities.
He used to be one of the city’s best-known residents in the island.
Clouds was still clinging to the peaks and spilling most onto the villages below.
It took me long to recognize Paul on the right of my lawyer.
Segunda fase - ON TOP OF; OPPOSITE; OUT; OUT OF; OUTSIDE; OVER; OWING TO
1-
a) Outside b) over c) owing to d) over e) out of, f) over g) opposite to h) out of i) over
2-
a) He placed his belongings on the top of his car in order to open it.
b) It took Celia over twelve years to get rid of her jealous husband.
c) For a change of pace you need to spend a few weeks outside your city.
d) Many dwellers live in houses made out of material from the Amazon forest
3-
a) He bought a wonderful house outside his stressful city.
b) He bought a wonderful house owing to his extra savings.
c) He bought a wonderful house facing the Hudson River.
d) He bought a wonderful house on top of a modern Shopping Center.
e) He bought a wonderful house out of the business district.
4-Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas:
a) I was away for over two weeks.
b) They had to stop the game owing toa brownout.
c) You may lay them on top of that counter.
d) Not at all. His idea is totally different from mine.
e) We couldn’t stay away for many days out of the company.
f) No. She needs to work outside to help the family
g) It’s the one people usually cry over it.
Trabalhando com todas as preposições:
1-
Across
2- Onto 3- Owing to 5- on top of 7- on the right of 8- over
down
1- On 2- opposite 3- outside 4- of 6- out of 7- off
2-
a) On, over, outside b) out of c) owing to d) over, of e) on, on f) on g) out of h)on, of
3-
a) There’s a new restaurant opposite my building.
b) For that crime he will spend over 20 years in jail
c) It was easier to recognize the man immediately on the right of the police officer
d) I’m sure his life will change now that he’s out of prison
e) David walks three miles on the bus to work every day.
f) Owing to Johnny’s bad behavior we lost the opportunity to watch the show.
g) In Azerbaijan there is a 1.100 mile pipeline which runs oil out of the Caspian Sea to a Mediterranean port in Turkey.
h) America’s aim is to develop stronger commercial relationship outside Middle East.
Parte VI
Primeira Fase - PAST; PLUS; ROUND; SINCE; THROUGH; THROUGHOUT
1-
Round; since; plus; throughout; past; through
 2- 
 
 They’ve been crossing this country on horseback 
 since the beginning of this century 1d 
 His health problem was considered
 past cure for the medicine of those days. 2e
 
 There’s no room in my house for your sister
 plus her three young fat children. 3a
 The White Bear is a strange animal which sleeps
 throughout the winter. 4b
 Witnesses say the accident occurred 
 through a total neglect of the driver. 5c
 Our country is small; a complete tour
 since It will take no more than five hours. 6f
3-
a) Before winning his first title he had to play throughout a long NBA season.
b) For most people a half-way trip round the world is a bit of a dream.
c) While waiting for the execution he ate his favourite meal plus two glasses of wine.
d) The teacher is tired because he worked past three a.m. last night.
e) Even past sixty Rachel Welch is still a pretty woman. 
4- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas:
a) Last year b) the banana trees c) the northeast of Brazil d) Rodrigo de Freitas lagoon e) hours of training every day f) the USA g) the Internet
Segunda fase - TILL; TIMES; TO; TOWARDS
1-
a) To b) to, to c) towards d) till e) towards f) times 
2-
a) Transformação ou mudança pessoal de hábito b) para c) ligação ou afeto d) direção específica e) próximo a f) em direção
3-
It took so much electricity to lift water from one watershed to another. 1b
 Saddam is not above slaughtering his own people and pointing to the infidels. 2d
 To crush Saddam’s Elite Republican Guard will be the decisive step towards victory in Iraq. 3a
After that boring dinner I didn’t get home till after midnight. 4f
I have no regrets for losing that job. Here I can make three times as much my old salary. 5e
 All day he had been putting off the thought of his responsibilities towards Sophia. 6c
1-
Across
 1- Past 4- through 5- to 6- round 7- towards
 
 Down
 2- Throughout 3- plus 4- till 5- times
2-
a) Through b) through c) to d) through e) towards f) throughout g) to h) round i) throughout j) to
3-
a) To b) to c) towards d) to e) through f) to g) till h) till i) round j) past
4- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas
a) Sonia bought a new car and now she drives it past school so that everybody can see it.
b) As private schools became too expensive Rosa changed to public this year..
c) Charles is a rich man. He donates $ 3.000,00 every month towards a Charity Institution.
d) After my promotion in the company I’ve been working 12 hours a day from Monday through Saturday. 
e) Elisa is very happy. She’s going to spend 15 days of her next vacation traveling throughout Europe.
f) Euro has been the official currency of most Europe since the year 2000.
g) Rotation is one important movement of the Earth round the sun.
Parte VII
Primeira Fase - UNDER; UNDERNEATH; UNLIKE; UP; UPON; UP TO
1-
a) Under b) under, up to c) unlike d) under e) under f) up to g) underneath
2- Respostas variam. Possíveis respostas:
a) Where is my room? 
b) I can’t find my cat. Do you know where it is?
c) Tell me about your new job on sales.
d) I’m travelling to Europe next month. I’m worried about the weather.
e) It will be a pleasure to meet your friend from Brazil. Is he also from Porto alegre?
3- 
a) Even under former president Fernando Henrique Cardoso, public spending rose by 5 percent a year.
b) Unlike Cedric, Dig gory in the rowling’s last book, a major character dies this time.
c) Never did I imagine that one day, a sheet of that document would slide under my door.
d) Unlike earlier U.S. efforts, this one doesn’t by pass people already infected with the virus.
 e) Prisoners under by heavy guard dug and purified the mud to get to the diamond mines.
 f) He was accused under Article 1º of a part of the Penal Code.
 g) Turkey has offered to send up to 10.000 troops to serve in Central or Southern Iraq.
Segunda Fase - VIA; WITH; TOGETHER WITH; WITHIN; WITHOUT 
1- 
a) With b) via c) with d) with, within e) without f) with g) within h) with
2- 
a) After twenty years living in the US, she came back to Brazil with her family.
b) Mr. Walton, together with his wife Linda, runs the most important tv network in the city.
c) You should control the way you spend your small heritage or it could be lost within a few years.
d) With the elevator out of order, even feeling very tired, the old woman climbed, without hesitation, the eighteen floors of her apartment building.
e) You can’t miss my new address if you come during the day via the new road.
f) Henry is really a wonderful friend. I couldn’t have done that work without his help.
g) The store clerk recommended that this product should be consumed within six days.
 3- 
 
a) Qualidade intrínseca b) objeto utilizado c) Ação vinda de um sentimento d) de acordo com alguém ou alguma coisa e) relação f) causa g) relação em caso de pessoa ou coisa
 4-
 It’s possible to find your best clothes collection, but only until august 14, this year. (Ie)
 Do you know what’s it like to live under these conditions? (IIc)
 He abandoned the project and nothing much happened until 1953.(IIIa)
 Lately she has been very generous with my money. (IV d)
 Jackson Heights is a New York community with very little nightlife. (Vb)
 This course offers an intensive program for along with a basic level. (VIf)
Trabalhando com todas as preposições
UNDER; UNDERNEATH; UNLIKE; UP; UPON; UP TO; VIA; WITH; TOGETHER WITH; WITHIN; WITHOUT 
1- 
Across
1- With 2- via 3- unlike 4- underneath 5- within 7- with 
Down
1- Under 2- together with 3- until 4- up to
2- 
 If the teacher is always present during the learning process, he can help his students with difficulties. If the teaching of new language patterns and essential vocabulary is practised with small groups, the learning process becomes faster and in the open. Face to face with new material not yet explained in the class, they need to be constantly forcing their way with an effort of will and concentration. In such cases, working with other students would build his confidence. Moreover, he would achieve fluency accuracy in a much shorter time.
 On the other hand, learning a language from a book is to be involved on a constant preoccupation with meanings and interpretation. Yet, A good class may be expected to study patterns of conversation and intonation with the help of a script. However, some kinds of works, like showing with unemphatic forms ofwords such as “have”, “can”, “shall”, etc, is best done with the help of a good sound media.
 The learning of languages becomes more urgent with the diminution of barriers of space and the necessity of international co-operation. The vast increase in the availability of languages spoken by the best native of them and dealing with current affairs can be seen as a motivation to the attentive learner. Courses where radio, cds, or taped, specially designed for home learners, supplemented with attractively printed material give the best chance for adults who are unable to attend regular courses. The knowledge and skill of the instructors may be expected to increase rapidly with regular listening and systematic repetition of the speech patterns with their classes.
3- 
b) With c) unlike d) without e) under
4- 
Under; under; without; underneath; together with; under
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