Varela_2010_Growth performance response to different sources and batches os ractopamine_pag 5

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21ST INTERNATIONAL PIG VETERINARY SOCIETY (IPVS) CONGRESS
Vancouver Convention Centre, West Building
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
www.ipvs2010.com
Proceedings
JULY 18 - JULY 21, 2010
IPVS 2010
Proceedings
of the 
21st International Pig Veterinary 
 Society Congress
Vancouver, Canada
July 18 – 21, 2010
Edited by Sylvie D’Allaire and Robert Friendship
Proceedings of the 21st IPVS Congress, Vancouver, Canada – July 18-21, 2010 1037
Poster Presentations
P.731
The eff ect of a dietary supplementation of paylean on nitrogen 
retention and nitrogen excretion in growing pigs
Ryozo Takada
Niigata University, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata City, Japan
Introduction
A diet supplemented with Paylean (Ractopamine HCl) for grow-
ing-fi nishing pigs is known to increase growth and the protein 
contents and to decrease the fat contents of dressed carcasses. 
We conducted a nitrogen balance test in growing pigs to assess 
the eff ect of Paylean supplemented in the diet on nitrogen 
retention and urinary excretion.
Material and Methods
Ten LWD barrows with a mean weight of about 53 kg were used in 
the experiment. The pigs were housed individually in cages. Dur-
ing the fi rst week of the experiment, all pigs were given the con-
trol diet ad libitum. In the second week, the pigs were allocated 
to the control group (5 animals), which was continuously fed 
with the control diet ad libitum, or the Paylean group (5 animals), 
which was given a diet supplemented 5 ppm of Paylean (Racto-
pamine HCl) into the control diet. During this period, feed intake 
was measured daily, while body weight was measured weekly. For 
the last 3 days of the second week, feces and urine were collected 
separately. Fecal samples were collected from the rectum every 
morning, while the entire volume of urine was collected every 
day. Chromium oxide (0.1%) was added to the test diets to deter-
mine nitrogen digestibility with the indicator method.
The control diet, a feed for growing pigs, was composed mainly 
of corn and soybean meal, with a crude protein (CP) level of 
15.5% and a lysine level of 0.92%.
• Urinary nitrogen was calculated by multiplying the urinary 
nitrogen content determined with an NC coder by the weight 
of the total urine collected over the 3-day period. Fecal nitro-
gen was calculated by multiplying the nitrogen intake for the 
3-day period by the nitrogen digestibility. Nitrogen retention 
was calculated using the following equation:
• Nitrogen retention (g) = Nitrogen intake - (Urinary nitrogen + 
Fecal nitrogen)
Results and Discussion
In the fi rst week, there were no diff erences between the control 
group and the Paylean group. In the second week, however, 
daily weight gain was signifi cantly higher (p4% of the total savings. Overall, this is a very 
conservative estimate of the GHG emissions savings because 
none of the downstream GHG emissions savings were included 
such as post farm transport and processing of pigs. The carbon 
footprint of the manufacturing and distribution of Paylean to 
the entire pig population resulted in a fraction of GHG emissions 
attributable to pork production. 
References 
1. Apple, J.K., P.J. Rincker, F.K. McKeith, S.N. Carr, T.A. Armstrong and P.D. 
Matzat. 2007. Meta-analysis of the ractopamine response in fi nish-
ing swine. Prof. Anim. Sci. 23:179-196.
2. Anderson, D.B., A.L. Woods, T.A. Armstrong T.E. Elam, A. L. Sutton. 
2010. Environmental benefi ts of Paylean® use in United States 
fi nisher swine. AAVS Proceedings (in press).
Nutrition and growth
Proceedings of the 21st IPVS Congress, Vancouver, Canada – July 18-21, 2010 1048
Poster Presentations
P.742
Growth performance response to diff erent sources and batches of Ractopamine
Diego Brana Varela1 Cesar A. Mejía Guadarrama1 Jose J. Lopez Espinoza 2
1. INIFAP, National research institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, Queretaro, QRO, Mexico; 2. Elanco, Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
Introduction
Ractopamine (RAC) is a phenethanolamine β-adrenergic recep-
tor agonist that is commercially available (Paylean®, PAY) for 
enhanced muscle protein growth in pigs. After the success of 
RAC hydrochloride (PAY®), several companies have commercial-
ized generic versions of the product. This trial was done to study 
growth performance and consistency of response between 
brands of Ractopamine (generic “GEN” vs. PAY), and also to 
determine the uniformity of response when comparing diff erent 
production batches of the same brand.
Materials and Methods
The experiment was conducted as a Randomized Complete 
Block Experiment. RAC source and batches (treatments) were 
present in all the blocks. A total of 240 pigs (half gilts and half 
barrows), were individually contained providing 2.09 m2 space 
per pig and were fed one of the RAC products (at 5 ppm) or 
a Control diet (C; with the same formula) during the last 28d 
of the fi nishing period. There were 48 pigs for the control diet 
and 24 for each of the 4 product batches within RAC source. 
Thus the Ractopamine source eff ect included 96 experimental 
units, and the source * batch (lot) interaction, 24. All Treatments 
were present in 4 blocks (block=week of birth). Animals were 
individually feed twice a day, weighed every week, and average 
fat free lean tissue growth (FFLTG) was estimated by real time 
ultrasound (Aloka 550 SD) measurements. Data was statistically-
analyzed under the restriction of a complete random block 
model, with 9 treatments and 4 blocks. General Linear Models 
(GLM, SAS) were used. Least square means from the variance 
analysis were presented.
Results
Initial body weight (76.6 ±8.32 kg) was similar (P0.6); meaning that the response 
to the GEN product could not be observed in 50% of the times. 
Diff erences in feed intake and ADG can be relatively small and 
hard to detect at the farm because of the variation inherent 
to the process. Feed effi ciency is a more sensitive and reliable 
variable. Additionally, in times of expensive feed, feed effi ciency 
is one of the most relevant variables in profi tability. Finally, as 
demonstrated in this trial, product consistency is a feature that 
producers should consider when evaluating diff erent products.
Nutrition and growth