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Universidade Católica de Moçambique
Instituto de Educação à Distância
Adjectives in English 
Nome do Estudante: Abel João Amadeu
Código: 708237362
 
Docente: dr. Lúcio Mucaisse
Beira, Setembro de 2023
Curso: Licenciatura em Ensino de Língua Portuguesa
Turma: A
Disciplina: Inglês 
Ano de frequência: 1° Ano
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Índex 
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
1. Adjectives in English................................................................................................................2
2. Formation of Adjectives...........................................................................................................2
3. Degrees of Comparison............................................................................................................4
4. How to Use Degrees of Comparison........................................................................................5
5. Classes Of Adjectives...............................................................................................................6
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8
Bibliography....................................................................................................................................9
Introduction
The present work of field research that has the theme as: Grammar Aspects – Adjectives in
English, aims to bring to the reader the ways of using adjectives, the transformation of nouns into
adjectives with their respective examples. 
The work also had some aspects to consider about adjectives such as: formation and use;
degrees of comparison; classes, transformation of nouns to adjective and give practical.
Objectives 
General:
 Understand the occurrence of adjectives in English
Specific:
 Explain the formation of adjectives;
 Mention the degrees of adjectives;
 Bring practical examples of the use of adjectives.
Methodology used
In the materialization of this work, it was essential to use the bibliographic review method,
which according to CARVALHO (1989: 100) is the process of identifying different sources of
written information to collect specific data on the topic.
1
1. Adjectives in English.
An adjective is a word usually used to modify and provide more information about a noun or
pronoun. Adjectives are often called 'describing words' as they describe a feature or quality of
the noun, such as colour, size, quantity etc. Therefore, adjectives can be used to add depth and
more meaning to a sentence.
In English, words are grouped into word classes based on their function in a sentence. There
are nine main word classes in English; nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, pronouns,
determiners, conjunctions, and interjections. This explanation is all about adjectives.
There are many adjectives in the English language that can be used to tell us more
information about a noun. In the examples below, the adjectives and nouns have been
highlighted:
A beautiful forest
A meaningful gift
An old car
A relaxed outfit
The tallest boy in the class
2. Formation of Adjectives
Adjectives can be formed from nouns, verbs, and other adjectives. 
2.1. Formation of adjectives from nouns:
We can form adjectives from nouns by adding suffixes to a noun. 
The adjectives that are formed by adding -y or -al or -ial as a suffix are given below in the
table. If the noun has an ‘e’ in the ending, it is removed and -y or -al or -ial is added as a suffix to
the noun to form an adjective. 
Suffix Noun (example) Adjective 
-y Luck Lucky
-al Nature Natural
-ial Commerce Commercial 
2
Adjectives formed by adding –lyor, -ish or –ic as a suffix to nouns are given below in the table.
If the nown has ´y´ in the ending, it is removed and the suffix is added to form an adjective.
Suffix Noun (example) Adjective 
-ly Man Manly 
-ish Girl Girlish 
-ic Artist Artistic 
Adjectives formed by adding –ous or some or –able or -full as suffix to nouns are given in the
table.
Suffix Noun (example) Adjective 
-ous fame famous
-some trouble troublesome
-able question questionable
-ful beauty beautiful
Examples: It was very chidish of her to behave like that in front of the audience
 My younger brother is the most troublesome of the lot.
2.2. Formation of adjectives from verbs
Suffixes like –y, -able, -ous, -al, -ful, -ic, -less, -ing and –ive can be added to verbs to form
adjectives.
Suffix Verb Adjective 
-y speed speedy
-able read readable
-ous continue continuous
-ive create creative
-ing amuse amusing
Examples: Arvind is a very annoying person
 Singapure is a very scenic place
2.3. Formation of adjectives from other adjectives
An adjective is formed from another adjective byadding a suffix like –ly, -ive, -al, -ish, -ier, est. 
Suffix Adjective Adjective 
-ly weak weakly
-ive correct corrective
-al comic comical
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-ish red redish
-ier easy easier
-est fine finest
Examples: The sky was reddish in the evening
 My brother is funnier than I expected him to be.
2.4. Formation of Compound Adjectives:
When two or more adjectives join together to modify the same noun they are known as
compound adjectives. They are separated with a hyphen. 
The two words used to form a compound adjective can be a combination of
 Number + noun
 Adjective + noun
 Noun + adjective 
 Noun + present/past participle
 Adjective + past participle
Below are a few examples of compound adjectives used in sentences:
 1. They stay in a twenty-story building.
 2. It was a last-minute plan. 
 3. There was a ten-minute delay in the meeting.
3. Degrees of Comparison
When adjectives change in form to show comparison, they are called the degrees of
comparison. The degrees of comparison are classified into positive, comparative and superlative
degrees of comparison. 
3.1. Positive Degree of Comparison
This is the simplest form among three degrees of comparison because, well, you’re not really
comparing. A positive degree is what you use when you’re describing an equal state between two
objects. You can use the phrase ‘as … as’ in a sentence to signify a positive degree. 
Examples: I want to look as beautiful as my mother.
 You should practice football as often as you can.
4
3.2. Comparative Degree
This degree is used to compare two objects in one sentence using an adjective. We usually
either add the suffix –er or –ier to the adjective or the word more before it to signify a
comparison degree. For example, we turn the adjective angry into angrier. We can also use a
comparative degree to compare two activities with an adverb. We usually add the word more
before the adverb. 
Examples: The road is more slippery than you think.
 Learning Indonesian is easier than learning English.
3.3. Superlative Degree
Superlative means “the most”. This degree is used to show which one among three or more
objects has the most “quality”. To signify a superlative degree, we usually either add the suffix –
est to the adjective or add the most before it. For example, we turn the adjective happy into
happiest. 
Examples: Edson is the laziest student in my school.
 Among the three footballers, Edson is the shortest.
4. How to Use Degrees of Comparison
As mentioned, we generally add -er/-est or more/most to an adjective or adverb for
comparative and superlative degrees. However, different adjectives/adverbs need different
patterns. 
First, we usually use -er/-est with adjectives/adverbs that have only one syllable, such as
slow, fast, cheap, and large. Next, we can use either -er/-est or more/most with
adjectives/adverbs that have two syllables, such as famous, happy, clever, and easy. Finally, we
usually use more/most with adjectives/adverbs that have three syllables, such as delicious,
expensive, comfortable, and dangerous.
However, there are adjectives/adverbs that are irregular, so they don’t follow the rules above.
They usually have fixed forms for both comparative and superlative degrees which can’t be
changed, for example good-better-the best.
5
5. Classes Of Adjectives
There are a total of 8 types of Adjectives in English grammar namely Descriptive adjective,
Numeral adjective, Quantitative adjective, Demonstrative adjective, Interrogative adjective,
Possessive adjective, Proper adjective, and Exclamatory adjective.
1) Descriptive Adjective
Adjectives of Quality or Descriptive Adjectives show the kind of quality of a person or thing.
Ex: Beautiful, large, small etc.
Example: The foolish old crow tried to sing.
2) Numeral Adjective
Adjectives of number or Numeral Adjectives show how many persons or things are meant.
This adjective represents numeral value. Ex. Eight, few, second, some etc.
They are further divided into two kinds i.e. Definite Numeral adjectives and Indefinite
Numeral adjectives. 
Example: Few dogs like hot water
3) Quantitative Adjective
Adjectives of quantity show how much quantity of a thing is meant. Ex. Some, little, whole,
one fourth etc.
Example: He ate some rice.
4) Demonstrative Adjective
Demonstrative Adjectives point out which person or thing is meant, ex. This, that, those,
such etc.
Example: This girl is taller than Rosie.
5) Interrogative Adjectives
What, which, and whose, when they are used with nouns to ask questions, are called
Interrogative Adjectives.
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Example: Whose book is this?
6) Possessive Adjectives
We use Possessive adjectives to express who owns or possesses something. This is used in
front of a noun. Ex. Own, my, our etc.
Example: He is his own master.
7) Proper Adjectives
Adjectives formed from proper nouns are called Proper Adjectives. Ex. British, Chinese etc.
Example: The British professor is teaching in the class.
8) Exclamatory Adjectives
The word what is sometimes used as an Exclamatory Adjective.
Example. What a genius!
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Conclusion
Certainly we cannot speak English without having to use Adjectives. In all our
communications we use Adjectives. This work briefly dealt with Adjectives, where the writer
brought the general idea about Adjectives, their transformation from nouns to Adjectives, the
class of Adjectives etc.
Finally, say that Adjectives are words usually used to modify and provide more information
about a noun or pronoun.
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Bibliography
https://www.orchidsinternationalschool.com/
https://byjus.com/english/degrees-of-comparison/
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_adjectives
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/adjective/
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/word-formation_2
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	Introduction
	1. Adjectives in English.
	2. Formation of Adjectives
	3. Degrees of Comparison
	4. How to Use Degrees of Comparison
	5. Classes Of Adjectives
	Conclusion
	Bibliography