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PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION DURING the recent recession, which has had a great impact on the minerals industry, the priority of many mining companies has been on reducing costs, particularly energy costs, rather than on innovative new techniques. Of major impact during this period, however, has been the very rapid decline in cost, and the increase in reliability of micropro- cessors, which has led to the increasing use of automation in some milling processes. This edition has been expanded to include an introduction to automatic control and descriptions of some of the control strategies which have been adopted on various concentrators. The section on mass balancing has also been extended to include an introduction to statistical methods, which are suited to evaluation by microcomputer. The bibliography has been updated to include the latest references, and the section on froth flotation has been revised and expanded. I would like to thank all those people who have provided valuable information and assistance in the preparation of this edition. Particularly, I would like to thank the following: Gosta Diehl and Teppo Meriluoto of Outokumpu Oy, for arranging visits to various concentrators in Finland, and to the metallurgical staff of Pyhasalmi, Vihanti and Vuonos mines for invaluable dis- cussions. Prof. Peter Linkson, and Dennis Nobbs of the University of Sydney, Australia. The metallurgical staff of Mount Isa Mines Ltd, Queensland, Australia. Peter Lean and the metallurgical staff of the Broken Hill mines, New South Wales, Australia. Dr. Don McKee of the Julius Kruttschnitt Mineral Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia. vii VÜi PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION Derek Ottley, Vice-President of Mineral Systems Inc., Stamford, USA. Dr. Bob Barley of Camborne School of Mines. Sydney, Australia B. A. WILLS 26 September 1983