Prova de Literatura Norte americana

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1Charles Brockden Brown is one of the first names of the North-American literature. Among other writings of his, Wieland was his first novel, written in 1798. In this novel, the author shows "the ease with which mental balance is lost when the test of common sense is not applied to strange experiences". The author called himself a "story-telling-moralist", as his writings exploit horror and terror, but express in reality, thoughtful liberalism (BRITANICA, 2020). About this author, it is correct to state that: I- He belongs to the Regionalism movement of North-American Literature. II- In Wieland he dresses his thoughts about love and the romantic feeling. III- Wieland translates the thoughtful conflicts of the time it was written: 1798. Check the right answer: FONTE: BRITANICA. Charles Brockden Brown. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Brockden-Brown. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2020.
A
I, only is right.
B
II, only is right.
C
II and III are right.
D
III, only is right.
2According to a North-American native tale and belief, the Earth has a particular conception. This results from the native's observing nature and its phenomena. Read the text that follows: "There is another world under this earth. It is like this one in every way. The animals, the plants, and the people are the same, but the seasons are different. The streams that come down from the mountains are the trails by which we reach this underworld. The springs at their head are the doorways by which we enter it. But in order to enter the other world, one must fast and then go to the water, and have one of the underground people for a guide. We know that the seasons in the underground world are different because the water in the spring is always warmer in winter than the air in this world; and in summer the water is cooler" (KURANT, 2019, p. 19). According to the text, it is possible to state that: I- Native American people conceived the world under a binary structure: our Earth, and the underground. II- The underground world is totally different from the Earth we know. III- Based upon natural elements, native people establish rituals in order to penetrate the underground world. IV- Temperature of water is always higher in Winter than in Summer. Check the right answer: FONTE: KURANT, Wendy. Becoming America: An Exploration of American Literature from Precolonial to Post-Revolution. Galileo: University System of Georgia, 2019.
A
II, III and IV are correct.
B
I and II, only, are correct.
C
II and IV, only, are correct.
D
I and III, only, are correct.
3Consider this excerpt of "Life in the Iron Mills", issued in 1861: "Is this the end? O Life, as futile, then, as frail! What hope of answer or redress?" Analyze se statements below and the relation existing (or not) between them: I- With this work the author shows a somber side of real life. BECAUSE II- "Life in the iron mills" is considered a transition work in north-american Realism Check the right answer: FONTE: KURAN, Wendi. Becoming America. OER, 2019, p. 300.
A
I is a true statement and II is a false statement.
B
I is a true statement and II is a true statementthere is no relation between them.
C
I is a true statement and II is a true statement, I justifies II.
D
I is a true statement and II is a true statement, II justifies I.
4"All my Sons" was written by the North-American writer Arthur Miller. In this piece, the sons refer to American soldiers sent to war and die for the country. Actually, a set of default plane engines was not put out of service. Even if breaking was possible, and this information was known by authorities. The story told by Miller was based upon real facts, as apparently this really happened during the war, and is supposed to have caused the death of soldiers. The story granted Miller the Pulitzer Prize. Among the characteristics below, check the one(s) that best situates "All my Sons" in the post-modern movement: I- "All my Sons" is a form of denunciation for some real orthodox decisions of the American Army's commandment. II- "All my Sons" contributes do the Afro-American fight for rights. III- Martin Luther King Jr also contributes to spreading the importance of Miller's piece. IV- Among other facts, Miller also worked for the rights of other people, not only North-American, the sovietic writers, for instance. Check the right answer:
A
I and II are correct.
B
I and IV are correct.
C
III and IV are correct.
D
I, only, is correct.
5The topic of minorities and less powerful levels of society is constant in literature. It appeared in the first native writings, followed with puritan rigid precepts and laws, culminated with slavery and black people's role and rights in the American society. When it comes to the role and rights of women, read the following assumptions, and check the one that does not correspond to the truth. Check the right answer:
A
Ernest Hemingway was a defender of humanity, treating life and death in different aspects.
B
Virginia Woolf's literature focuses on equilibrium in style and structures during Modernism.
C
Virginia Woolf was British, but her literature influenced North-American literature by the focus on social issues, feminism and women's rights.
D
Identity, racism, and researching the essence of the human gender are thematics of the Post-Modern literature.
6Read the poetry of Emily Dickinson: "There´s a certain slant of light": There's a certain slant of light, On winter afternoons, That oppresses, like the weight Of cathedral tunes. Heavenly hurt it gives us; We can find no scar, But internal difference Where the meanings are. None may teach it anything, (it) 'T is the seal, despair, - An imperial affliction Sent us of the air. When it comes, the landscape listens, Shadows hold their breath; When it goes, 't is like the distance On the look of death. Mark T for true and F for false: ( ) It uses nature for treating individualism and emotions. ( ) Emily Dickinson is a representative of the Lost Generation. ( ) This poem shows some of her characteristics, such as being herself and not like others. ( ) Emmerson considers Dickinson as a Transcendentalist. Check the right sequence: FONTE: KURAN, Wendi. Becoming America. OER, 2019, p. 1486-7.
A
F - F - T - F.
B
T - F - F - T.
C
T - F - T - T.
D
F - T - T - F.
7Transcendentalism occurred in North-American Literature as the result of a group of people, and authors gathering to discuss spiritual ideas. It consists of an idealistic and philosophical approach to life. Among the authors given below, one IS NOT TRANSCENDENTALIST:
A
Christopher Pearse Cranch.
B
William Apes.
C
William Ellery Channing.
D
Ralph Waldo Emmerson.
8In 1774 there was already a community living in the land British had discovered and settled since the 1600 hundreds. The leaders of these settlements reunited to decide about the political destination of the people: were they keep loyal and submitted to the British royalty, the king and the Parliament or were they going to fight for some kind of Independence? This reunion got known under the name of "First Continental Congres". About the decisions made during this political event, check the INCORRECT answer:
A
A refuse of buying and selling any products from and for England.
B
The Parliament was demanded to grant more freedom for a self-gouverning in the colony.
C
The Intolerable Act was established during this event.
D
If ever it would be necessary, they would even fight againts England on a war.
9What place is destined for literature in the digital society of the IIIrd Millenium? Can we consider that authors of the present days write the same kind of stories to the same kind of readers? Read the following assumptions and establish the relationships among them: I- One may look at the future of books and the passion for reading, and predict two destinies for them: an optimist view sees people still reading physical literature, and a more pessimistic one, considers that books shall follow a progressive substitution by digital media and other formats. BECAUSE II-The recent development and global scope of digital technologies directly influence literature and its survival over time. Check the right answer:
A
I is a false statement, and II is a false statement.
B
I is a true statement, and II is a true statement. II justifies or completes I.
C
I is a true statement, and II is a true statement. I justifies or completes II.
D
I is a true statement, and II is a false statement.
10The Civil War divided the American country into two parts. Everyone of these parts had distinctive characteristics: on one side people were favorable to maintaining slavery while on the other one they were against it. Slavery was a subject of main importance, thus. Why was that?
A
Many of the states that opposed to slavery had leave the country.
B
Soldiers attacked shavery ships when arriving on the coast.
C
The economy was greatly based on slavery and owners of the lands would not give upo f this cheap manpower.
D
Slavers were good soldiers for the wars the country would face.
11(ENADE, 2017) Many students having difficulty understanding Shakespeare would be surprised to learn that he wrote in Modern English, but Elizabethan English has much more in common with our language today than it does with the language of Chaucer. Many familiar words and phrases were coined or first recorded by Shakespeare. Newcomers to Shakespeare are often shoken at the number of clichés contained in his plays, until they realize that he coined them and they became clichés afterwards. "One fell swoop", "vanish into thin air", and "flesh and blood" are all Shakespeare's. One major factor which influenced the language and served to separate Middle and Modern English was the Great Vowel Shift, a change in pronounciation that began around 1400. While Modern English speakers can read Chaucer with some difficulty, Chaucer's pronounciation would have been completely unintelligible to the modern ear. Shakespeare, on the other hand, would be accented, but understandable. Vowel sounds began to be made further to the front of the mouth and the letter "e" at the end of words became silent. Chaucer's lyf (pronounced "leef") became the modern life. In Middle English five was pronounced "feef", and down was pronounced "doon". Considering the excerpt above about the history of English, choose the correct option: FONTE: http://www.anglik.net/englishlanguagehistory.htm. Acesso em: 19 jul. 2017.
A
It would be easier to listen to Chaucer's English than to Shakespearean English due to the Great Vowel Shift.
B
"One fell swoop" is an example of cliché used in English during Chaucer's time.
C
Chaucer's English was influenced by the Great Vowel Shift.
D
The examples used to explain the Great Vowel Shift show that long vowels became diphtongs.
12(ENADE, 2017) O romance "The boy next door", da autora norte-americana Meg Cabot (2002), é inovador na medida em que a autora constrói toda a narrativa a partir de textos de e-mails trocados entre os personagens. Os dados do emissor e do destinatário, assim como o tópico das mensagens, permitem que o leitor construa o eixo narrativo de uma história romântica intercalada por um conjunto de conflitos e situações inusitadas que ocorrem envolvendo os personagens. Como era de se esperar, ao migrar do contexto digital para o meio impresso e assumir uma nova função (não mais um diálogo entre internautas, mas sim segmentos de uma história de ficção), o gênero e-mail sofre alterações. A linguagem, embora mantenha um estilo informal, como ocorre com a maior parte dos e-mails, é mais cuidadosa e fiel às normas de correção linguística, não há erros de digitação, e as mensagens produzidas, embora curtas, são mais longas do que as que normalmente são trocadas na internet. Considerando o texto, avalie as afirmações a seguir: I- O processo de leitura em "The boy next door" exige que o leitor tenha familiaridade com o gênero e-mail para que possa compreender o eixo narrativo. II- A migração de novos gêneros para o romance, como acontece em "The boy next door", é recorrente na história do gênero romanesco. Já no século XIX, era prática comum a inserção de cartas que constituíam a tessitura do romance. III- O processo de hibridização transforma o gênero e as linguagens envolvidas, motivo pelo qual os e-mails que compõem o romance "The boy next door" são diferentes dos e-mails trocados em outras circunstâncias de interação. IV- A troca de e-mails em "The boy next door" assume a função dos diálogos, o que demonstra a necessidade de atualização de linguagem para que o romance continue a existir como gênero. É correto apenas o que se afirma em: FONTE: BRAGA, D. B.; SCHLINDWEIN, A. F. A inserção dos recursos digitais e da internet nas práticas sociais e educacionais: impactos no ensino da literatura no século XXI. Remate de Males, v. 34, n. 2, p. 635-652, 2014.
A
II, III e IV.
B
I e III.
C
I e IV.
D
I, II e IV.