PSPO-II Professional Scrum Product Owner II Dumps

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Professional Scrum Product Owner II PSPO-II exam free dumps questions are
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Full version: PSPO-II Exam Dumps Questions
1.When should refining of the Product Backlog occur? (choose the best two answers)
A. The Product Owner must do this as essential work in Sprint 0.
B. The Product Owner does this between the end of the previous Sprint and the start of the next.
C. The Product Owner and the Developers do it in the current Sprint if they have been unable to do it
in preceding Sprints.
D. The Product Owner and the Developers can refine the Product Backlog during any Sprint as
needed, ideally in advance of the upcoming Sprint.
E. The Business Analysts prepare items be worked on at least 1 Sprint ahead of development.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Product Backlog refinement is a continuous activity. When an item is at the top of the backlog, which
means it will be developed in the near future, more refinements are usually needed to make sure it is
clear and contains just enough details (not all possible details). It's preferred to have the items that
will be selected in the Sprint Backlog completely refined before Sprint Planning; however, it's OK to
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have more refinement done during the development. Remember that there's no such thing as Sprint 0
and there's no time between two Sprints that can be spent on something such as refinement. The
team is also cross-functional and does the a-z of the work needed for each item, including refinement;
they don't use people from other parts of the company
2.The Developers have the final say on when to release an increment. (choose the best answer)
A. True. The Developers are accountable for doing the work and owning the release process.
B. False. The increment is released after it has passed UAT.
C. True. The Developers deploy to production when the increment is shippable.
D. False. The Product Owner decides when it is best to release.
Answer: D
Explanation:
As a Product Owner, you’ll need to decide what to deliver (release) to customers/users, in what order
to deliver to customers/users and when to deliver. As the value maximizer, you can only validate
something is valuable, when you’ve released a Done Product Increment to customers/users, and
they’ve told you that the stuff you’ve delivered is valuable.
3.As a Product Owner, what are two approaches that can help you manage your business's exposure
to risk? (choose the best two answers)
A. Conduct experiments so you can better understand customer needs.
B. Ensure that the Product Backlog items committed to at Sprint Planning are completed by the end
of the Sprint.
C. Keep the releases as small as possible, and release when the increment can provide a single new
or improved outcome.
D. Ensure that no changes are made to the Sprint plan during an active Sprint.
E. Create a risk management plan that identifies all future risks and solutions for addressing those
risks.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Releasing frequently will shorten the feedback loop and your ability to learn. This reduces the risks of
building things that customers do not want or producing non-value added items. Through these
experiments, the Product Owner validates his/her assumptions on the customer's desired experience
versus their actual experience.
4. The bottom-right quadrant contains potential solutions for those needs.
5.Product Vision and Strategy are indicators and motivators for people who perform product delivery.
Which of the following statements are true? (choose all that apply)
A. Description of how the product will generate revenue.
B. Description of how your product will be used to achieve outcomes.
C. Description of how the product competes against others in the market.
D. Description of the product's users and what they want to achieve.
Answer: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
The vision of the product describes the purpose of the product, the intention of creating the product,
and what it aims to accomplish for customers and users. The vision of the product describes the
future condition of the product and what issues it is trying to solve or what ambitions it is trying to
accomplish. The clear and inspiring vision of the product helps to motivate and inspire people, such
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as the Developers, stakeholders, customers and users. It also offers a common understanding of the
direction in which we want to move. The vision of the product supports the product owner in making
decisions about what to build and what not to construct for the product.
6.The timebox for the Sprint Review is: (choose the best answer)
A. At the end of every Sprint
B. 4 hours for a 4-week Sprint. Usually shorter for shorter Sprints.
C. Any length of time needed.
D. 15 minutes
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Scrum Guide states that all Scrum Events are time-boxed.
* The Sprint - 1 month or less,
* Sprint Planning - maximum 8 hours for a one-month sprint,
* Daily Scrum - 15-minutes,
* Sprint Review - maximum 4 hours for a one-month sprint, and the
* Sprint Retrospective - maximum 3 hours for a one-month sprint.
7.Why does the testing team run regression tests before deploying to the production environment?
(choose the best answers)
A. To comply with the Quality Assurance team.
B. To validate the code built by the Developers.
C. The testers ensure that there is no bug in the production environment.
D. There is no testing team in Scrum
Answer: D
Explanation:
Sub-team formations (or hierarchies) in the Scrum Team is not allowed. Sub-Teams such as testing
teams or operation teams are not allowed to be formed in the Scrum Team. Titles are not assigned to
the developers within the Scrum Team members, regardless of the type of work they perform. Scrum
Team collectively decides on the Scrum Length.
8.The Product Owner is responsible for deciding when to deliver product releases to customers. The
Developers are responsible for creating an increment that is potentially shippable.
As a Product Owner, how can you help improve the release cycle? (choose all that apply)
A. Collaborate with the Developers to automate the release process, automate tests, automate
deployments, etc.
B. Support the Developers in getting ownership over the release process.
C. Raise awareness about the release process with your stakeholders and work with your company to
remove organizational impediments hindering the Developers.
D. Plan at least one release Sprint every month.
E. Involve the Release Department as they are the ones responsible for deploying product increments
to the customers.
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
When the Developers don't have ownership over the release process, it is often more difficult to do a
release and it often costs you as a Product Owner valuable time. As a Product Owner, you should be
aware that improving the release process will support you in delivering more value for your Product so
spending a little time on improving the release process every Sprint. This includes but not limited to
automating parts of the deliver process and removing organizational impediments.
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9.True or False? A productwith High Current Value and low Unrealized Value. Some say you should
maintain the product, but gradually reduce the investment then start seeking another opportunity for
future growth.
A. False
B. True
Answer: B
Explanation:
Whatever information the remember 1 formula to solve the High Current Value, Low Unrealized
Value:
Maintain, Reduce, Retreat (seek for other opportunities).
10.When does an individual Developers member can take full ownership of a Sprint Backlog Item?
(choose the best answer)
A. Never. The Sprint Backlog Items are owned by the whole the Developers, though each Sprint
Backlog Item could be done by an individual Developers member
B. During the Sprint Retrospective, this is the event in which an individual Team Member can request
full responsibility for a Product Backlog Item.
C. During the Daily Scrum
D. After the product owner and the stakeholders discuss the budget, market and future plans for the
next Sprint at the end of the Sprint Review.
E. Whenever a team member thinks that more work can be accommodated.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Firstly, Sprint Backlog Items contains Product Backlog Items. A sprint backlog is the set of Product
Backlog Items that a cross-functional product team selects from its product backlog to work on during
the upcoming sprint. So when the, we can understand that it mentions the Product Backlog Item.
Secondly, ownership distributes across the entire team, not any individual.
11.Which of the following are preferred stances of the Product Owner? Select all that apply
A. The Decision Maker
B. The Collaborator
C. The Business Analyst
D. The Visionary
E. The Founder
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
The Business Analyst and the founder are not among the preferred stances. The other options are all
valid.
12.You deliver a new feature that you think will improve customer satisfaction. When you measure the
results, you not only find that it had no impact on customer satisfaction, it was hardly used.
What is your next step? (choose the best answer)
A. Drop the feature from the product and focus on the next most important feature
B. Redesign the interface to improve the feature's ease of use and re-release it.
C. Redesign the feature to improve its effectiveness and re-release it.
D. Investigate why the feature was not used by interviewing users and watching usage
Answer: D
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Explanation:
The value of the work is measured by the value experienced by the customer.
Feature Usage Index helps to measure usage, by feature, to help infer the degree to which customers
find the product useful and whether actual usage meets expectations on how long users should be
taking with a feature.
If the results did not have impact on customer satisfaction, talk to them, this is a good way to obtain
the potential value (Unrealized value)
13.Which of the following are the correct Key Value Areas in Evidence Based Management from
Scrum.org? Select all that apply
A. Unrealized Value
B. Customer Value
C. Ability to Innovate
D. Time to Market
E. Current Value
F. Product Quality
Answer: A,C,D,E
Explanation:
Customer Value and Product Quality are not among the key value areas. The other options are all
valid.
14.True or False: Dependencies could influence how the Product Owner orders Product Backlog
Items ?
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
When working with multiple teams, the Agile teams try to reduce the dependencies between Product
Backlog Items in order to pull User Stories into development.
15.While working on the current Sprint, the Developers realized that they overestimated the work,
selected too much to finish. Likely, they cannot complete all the selected Product Backlog Items
within the Sprint.
What should they do now? (choose the best answer).
A. Get help from another Scrum Team, establish Knowledge Transfer sessions to spread the
knowledge.
B. Wait until the Sprint Review to inform the Product Owner.
C. The Developers needs to collaborate with the Product Owner as soon as possible to remove some
Product Backlog Items.
D. Dilute the Definition of Done so that the Team can meet and finish all the required Product Backlog
Items
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Scrum Guide says the Scrum Team should be cross-functional to finish the work without external
help. So getting help from another Scrum Team is incorrect.
Reducing the Definition of Done is not a good idea, as a simple Definition of Done might create
technical debt and reduce product quality. Additionally, for a mature team, they try to add more
stringent criteria (in this case, the team is not yet mature) => Dilute Definition of Done is also
incorrect.
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One of the Scrum Guide's principle is to make the issue transparent as soon as possible. Waiting for
the Sprint Review could be too late to solve the problem.
16.Interacting directly with the product's customers is an effective way for the Product Owner to
assess value.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
Customer collaboration is valuable for making Product Owner decisions. The most important
stakeholder the Product Owner is trying to satisfy is the end users.
17.A Product Backlog is: (choose the best three answers)
A. Only visible to the Product Owner and Stakeholders.
B. Ordered based on priority, value, dependencies, and risk.
C. Managed by the Product Owner.
D. An exhaustive list of requirements
E. An inventory of things to be done.
Answer: B,C,E
Explanation:
The Product Owner is responsible for managing the Product Backlog maximizing the value of the
Product. He can add and remove items as needed from the Product Backlog.
The Product Owner is accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes:
1) Developing and explicitly communicating the Product Goal.
2) Creating and Clearly expressing Product Backlog items.
3) Ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions.
4) Optimizing the value of the work for the Developers to performs. 5) Ensuring that the Product
Backlog is visible, transparent, and clear to all.
18.Which statement best describes the Sprint Review? (choose the best answer)
A. An opportunity for the Product Owner to evaluate the results of the Developers.
B. An inspection of all of the work done in the Sprint by the Developers.
C. A demonstration of functionality completed in the Sprint.
D. An opportunity to Inspect the Increment and adapt the Product Backlog.
Answer: D
Explanation:
A Sprint Review is held at the end of the Sprint to inspect the Increment and adapt the Product
Backlog if needed. During the Sprint Review, the Scrum Team and stakeholders collaborate about
what was done in the Sprint. Based on that and any changes to the Product Backlog during the
Sprint, attendees collaborate on the next things that could be done to optimize value. This is an
informal meeting, not a status meeting, and the presentation of the Increment is intended to elicit
feedback and foster collaboration.
19.True or False: Max, a new Product Owner, is unsure about the types of requirements acceptable
on a Product Backlog. He supposed that the Product Backlog should contain only a list of necessary
features for a Product. The Developers should manage other types of requirements as Performing
Requirement and Fixes. They are not the Product Owner's concern.
A. False, the Product Backlog also contains the following types:
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- Stability requirements,
- Performance requirements, - Documentation,
- Fixes
- Product Functionality
B. The Product Backlog should be the single source of truth for all the work
C. Yes, Max's idea is correct.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Product Backlog contains all kinds of work to produce the increment.
20.Managing a Product Backlog involves which of the following activities? (choose all that apply)
A. Forecasting the effort of Product Backlog items
B. Breakinglarge Product Backlog items into multiple smaller Product Backlog items.
C. Reviewing the Product Backlog with stakeholders.
D. Reducing or eliminating dependencies between Product Backlog items
E. Ordering the Product Backlog.
Answer: B,C,D,E
Explanation:
The Product Owner is also accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes:
● Developing and explicitly communicating the Product Goal;
● Creating and clearly communicating Product Backlog items;
● Ordering Product Backlog items; and,
● Ensuring that the Product Backlog is transparent, visible and understood.
The Product Backlog is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. It is the
single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team. Product Backlog items that can be Done by
the Scrum Team within one Sprint are deemed ready for selection in a Sprint Planning event. They
usually acquire this degree of transparency after refining activities. Product Backlog refinement is the
act of breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller more precise items. This
is an ongoing activity to add details, such as a description, order, and size. Attributes often vary with
the domain of work.
21.You are a Scrum Team Lead and are going to start working with the team to build a new Product.
The Scrum Teams are not created yet and it is your responsibility to create the agile teams that will
be working on this new product. Prior to this job, you have years of experience leading the HR
(Human resources) department and are very well acquainted with the interview process, salary
negotiations etc which are standard practices in a Traditional Waterfall organization.
How does one decide which member will belong to which team?
A. You should distribute team members into group according to individual velocities.
B. You should work with the Product Owner, bring the involved members together, discuss the vision
and goals for the product, let the group self-organize and divide itself into teams.
C. Allocate the team members into groups based on the features they are going to develop.
D. You should Allocate the team members into functional teams where each team focuses on a
specific area of expertise.
Answer: B
Explanation:
This reader by mentioning the Scrum Leaders past experience which has nothing to do with how the
team should be selected in Scrum.
Providing the proper guidelines will help promote self-organization, creativity, and problem solving.
The decisions on who and how to work together in order to deliver releasable increments is best
decided by the Scrum team and team members involved with doing the work.
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22.Which Key Value Area best measures market potential?
A. Unrealized Value
B. Current Value
C. Time-to-market
D. Ability to Innovate
Answer: A
Explanation:
Market potential is an example of Unrealized Value. Measures value that could be realized by
meeting all potential needs of the customer or user. Represents a satisfaction gap between a
beneficiary’s desired outcome and their current experience. The potential future value that could be
realized if the organization met the needs of all potential customers or users.
23.What best describes a GO product roadmap? (choose the best two answers)
A. It provides an overview of all the user activities that need to be covered by the system.
B. It enables value steering.
C. It focuses on what is being worked on "now", what will be worked on "next", and work to be done
"later".
D. It focuses more on the goals you want to achieve rather than the actual work to be done (the
features).
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
GO roadmap is goal-oriented (hence the name). It provides organizations with outcome based
insights in order to steer on value. For example, goals such as user acquisition, activation or retention
will play a central role. This shifts the conversation from debating features to agreeing on strategic
objectives, making smart investment decisions, and aligning the stakeholders.
24. Commitment: The Scrum Team members personally commit to achieving the Scrum Goals and to
supporting each other.
25.What are the most important activities that the Product Owner should do during Sprint 0? (Choose
all that apply)
A. There is no such thing as Sprint 0
B. All of the above
C. The Product Owner can delegate her/his tasks to the Developers if she/he is stretched too thin to
the works during Sprint 0
D. Work with the stakeholders to prepare requirements for the Sprint 0, ensure that the Developers
have enough Product Backlog Items for the upcoming Sprints.
E. Work with Human Resource department to allocate enough resource before starting Sprint 1
Answer: A
Explanation:
There is no such thing as Sprint 0 in the Scrum Framework.
26.Which of the following is the most effective way of improving the Time-to-Market of a product?
(choose the best answer)
A. Increasing project funding
B. Removing low performing people.
C. Understanding and removing impediments to faster delivery
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D. All of the above.
E. Working harder to go faster.
F. Hiring more team members
Answer: C
Explanation:
A variety of things can reduce the Time-to-Market: everything from removing internal communication
bottlenecks to improving delivery pipeline automation to improving application maintainability and
removing technical debt; anything that reduces time spent waiting or time spent performing work.
Understanding and removing impediments to faster delivery is essential to delivering at faster cycles.
27.The "cone of uncertainty" can be used to ______ (choose the best answer)
A. Make the scope of work clearer after a certain number of Sprints.
B. Calculate the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) before the project begins.
C. Shows the remaining amount of work remaining on a project
D. Predict the completion date of the project, tell the user the exact Sprint project completes.
E. Identify uncertainties.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The Cone of Uncertainty is a term used to describe the project unknowns decrease over time in
project management. The amount of uncertainty decreases, eventually approaching zero, as the
project proceeds and more research and development complete. Unknowns or uncertainties in the
project are largely correlated with variances in project estimates. A cone or funnel shape is created by
plotting these variances over time.
The bottom line, the scope of work becomes clearer after a few Sprints.
More information
In relation to this question, I try to simplify the explanation as much as possible so that the student
has the clearest general idea possible.
The cone of uncertainty is not part of the scrum guide, but it has appeared in some exams, that is the
reason for mentioning it, but without going into too much detail to confuse as little as possible Here
are the definitions found from Scrum and Web pages:
* The “Cone of Uncertainty” describes the reduction of the uncertainty about scope after each
iteration. At the uncertainty is eliminated and the exact amount of scope is known. (with a cone graph)
* Illustrate that, as a forecast lengthens, it is increasingly less certain.
* It shows how much is known about the Product over time.
* It's helping a Product Owner estimate how much work is likely to be done during a certain number of
Sprints.
Some pages that I took into account were:
https://www.scrum.org/forum/scrum-forum/32995/cone-uncertainty
https://www.scrumexpert.com/knowledge/the-cone-of-uncertainty/
28.You have many customers on different versions of the same product. Most of your time and effort
is spent maintaining all of the product variations. This leaves you with little time to invest in product
improvements.
Which of the following would best help you improve effectiveness to deliver new value? (choose the
best answer)
A. Examining Unrealized Value measures.
B. Examining Current Value measures.C. All of the above.
D. Examining Time to Market measures
E. None of the above.
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F. Examining Ability to Innovate measures.
Answer: F
Explanation:
Needing to maintain multiple variations of a product can impede an organization from being able to
deliver new capabilities and value as an effort needs to be spread across many products.
29.Team A has a velocity of 50 with a Product Backlog of 140 points ordered by business value as
perceived by stakeholders.
Delivery is expected in 6 Sprints. Will this project deliver the anticipated impact? (choose the best
answer)
A. We do not know
B. Yes
C. No
Answer: A
Explanation:
None of the information provided gives you any insight into the value the product delivers.
30.Team A is an excellent Scrum Team with a high velocity. At the 4th Sprint, the Scrum Team
decided to lower the frequency of the Daily Scrum. They suggest conducting the Daily Scrum twice a
week.
What are the three keys concerns if there are only two Daily Scrum meetings per Sprint? (choose ALL
that apply).
A. The Product Owner cannot make accurate report progress to the stakeholders.
B. The Developers lose the opportunities to update the Gantt chart properly.
C. The Sprint Planning might become inaccurate
D. Impediments are raised and accumulated, and it requires a great effort to resolve.
E. Lack of opportunities to inspect and adapt the Sprint Backlog
Answer: C,D,E
Explanation:
The purpose of the Daily Scrum is to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint
Backlog as necessary, adjusting the upcoming planned work.
Daily Scrums improve communications, identify impediments, promote quick decision-making, and
consequently eliminate the need for other meetings.
So as the frequency of the Daily Scrum reduces, the communication becomes ineffective,
impediments occur. There is no Gantt chart in the Scrum framework and reporting the project status
is not the primary responsibility of a Product Owner.
31.You want to improve your team’s Ability to Innovate.
Which of the following actions might help? (choose the best answer)
A. Reduce the number of product variants.
B. Improve the cross-functional skills of your team.
C. Establish "No Meetings" days to help increase focus.
D. All of the above.
Answer: D
Explanation:
All of these actions will enable the team to focus on value-added activities by reducing overhead and
distractions.
Example: A variety of things can impede an organization from being able to deliver new capabilities
and value: spending too much time remedying poor product quality, needing to maintain multiple
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variations of a product due to lack of operational excellence, lack of 9 decentralized decision-making,
inability to hire and inspire talented, passionate teammembers, and so on. As low-value features and
systemic impediments accumulate, more budget and time is consumed maintaining the product or
overcoming impediments, reducing its available capacity to innovate. In addition, anything that
prevents users or customers from benefiting from innovation, such as hard to assemble/install
products or new versions of products, will also reduce A2I.
32. Can any additional value be created by our organization in this market or other markets?
33.Which best describes testing responsibilities in the Developers? (choose the best two answers)
A. Everyone in the Developers is responsible for the quality of the product.
B. Ensuring all test cases created at Sprint Planning have been passed
C. Sub-team formations (or hierarchies) in the Scrum Team are not allowed.
D. Increments must be approved by the Tester before it can be deemed releasable
E. There should be a testing phase at the end of each Sprint
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Sub-team formations (or hierarchies) in the Scrum Team is not allowed. Sub-Teams such as testing
teams or operation teams are not allowed to be formed in the Scrum Team. Titles are not assigned to
the developers within the Scrum Team members, regardless of the type of work they perform. Scrum
Team collectively decides on the Scrum Length.
Scrum Team delivers a “Done” product every Sprint to ensure a potentially useful version of a working
product is always available. However, it is up to the Product Owner to “Release” it.
The Definition of Done is a formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets the quality
measures required for the product.
The specific skills needed by the Developers are often broad and will vary with the domain of work.
However, the Developers are always accountable for:
● Creating a plan for the Sprint, the Sprint Backlog;
● Instilling quality by adhering to a Definition of Done;
● Adapting their plan each day toward the Sprint Goal; and,
● Holding each other accountable as professionals.
34. Respect: Scrum Team members respect each other to be capable, independent people. Scrum
Team members are respected by the people with whom they work.
All Scrum Values are all impacted by lack of trust or transparency.
The Scrum values focus, respect, openness, commitment and courage all serve to build trust as key
foundation for collaboration.
35.For which type of problem domain is an empirical approach most helpful? (choose the best
answer)
A. Complex problems, in which the relationship between cause and effect are only understandable
with experience.
B. Complicated problems, in which the relationship between cause and effect can be understood
through some analysis.
C. Simple problems, in which the relationship between cause and effect is known.
D. Chaotic problems, in which the relationship between cause and effect is not clear.
Answer: A
Explanation:
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See Cynefin Framework (five decision-making contexts). Scrum is a complex context. The complex
domain represents the "unknown unknowns". Cause and effect can only be deduced in retrospect,
and there are no right answers. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and
making decisions based on what is known.
36.True or False: The Product Owner should prepare a complete Product Backlog before the first
Sprint can start?
A. True
B. False
Answer: B
Explanation:
Recall that there is no such special requirements for the first Sprint. You might staff the Scrum Team
and prepare "just enough" Product Backlog Items to initialize the first Sprint.
37.The Evidence-Based Management (EBM) consists of four Key Value Areas (KVAs). One of which
is Ability to Innovate (A2I). The goal of looking at the A2I is to maximize the organization’s ability to
deliver new capabilities and innovative solutions.
Which action can improve your A2I? (choose the best answer)
A. Co-locating the team members.
B. Increasing the level of your team's cross-functionality skills.
C. All of the above.
D. Setting days where there are no meetings outside of the Scrum events in order to increase focus.
Answer: C
Explanation:
All of these actions will reduce overhead and distractions thereby enabling the team to focus on value-
added activities.
38.A new competitor has joined the market and has quickly gained market share, which leads to a
loss of sales. After investigating, you have found out that the new competitor can release to the
market faster than you three times.
What is the best first response? (choose one best answer)
A. Add new features you think that can attract new customers to the next release.
B. Launch the promotion campaign and reduce the product's price to attract more customers.
C. All of the above
D. Improve your Time-to-Market to compete with the competitor
Answer: D
Explanation:
The current situation that the new competitor is faster than you in releasing the product. The only way
to win the customers is to improve your Time-to-Market (the faster, the better). Frequent releases
help the firm stay relevant to the market and can frequently gauge the customer'ssatisfaction. Most
software companies favor the Sprint of 2 weeks to deliver the outcome to customers faster.
39.Which of the following measures would help you understand the potential market for your product?
(choose the best answer)
A. All of the above.
B. Usage Index.
C. Quarterly revenue trends.
D. Net Promoter Score (NPS).
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E. Market Share trends.
Answer: A
Explanation:
All of these measures will help you to understand the needs of potential customers.
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