todas as questões da ESA -217-219

Prévia do material em texto

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B) Kindergarten was evacuated after a World II bomb exploded among the toys. 
C) Discovery of unexploded bomb were discovered on a building site. 
D) 15% of World War II bombs were discovered on a building site. 
E) Emergency service workers exploded American warplanes and killed 600,00 
people in Germany. 
 
 
Texto para as questões 8 e 9. 
 
Learn to code, it’s more important than English as a second language 
 
Apple CEO Tim Cook says coding is the best foreign language that a student in any country 
can learn. The tech executive made the remarks to French outlet Konbini while in the country for a 
meeting with French President Emmanuel Macron. The tech leader gave some brief thoughts on 
education: 
 “If I were a French student and I were 10 years old, I think it would be more important for 
me to learn coding than English. I’m not telling people not to learn English in some form – but I 
think you understand what I am saying is that this is a language that you can use to express yourself 
to 7 billion people in the world. I think that coding should be required in every public school in the 
world.” 
Of course, it’s in Cook’s best interest to have the world learning how to code. He runs a tech 
company that depends on access to a constantly growing pipeline of talent. But it could be in your 
interest too: studying coding could increase your chances of pulling in a big salary. A computer-
science education, at least in countries like the US, is one of the most viable and lucrative career 
paths open to young people today. 
But, Cook says, the benefits go beyond that. “It’s the language that everyone needs, and not 
just for the computer scientists. It’s for all of us”. He added that programming encourages students 
of all disciplines to be inventive and experimental: “Creativity is the goal. Coding is just to allow 
that. Creativity is in the front seat; technology is in the backseat. With the combination of both of 
these you can do such powerful things now.” 
 
Adapted from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/12/apple-ceo-tim-cook-learning-to-code-is-so-important.html 
 
 
8) (PROVA – 2018) EsPCEx Which one from the underlined verbs in the text conveys a verb tense 
that is different from the others? 
 
A) says (paragraph 1) 
B) made (paragraph 1) 
C) think (paragraph 2) 
D) runs (paragraph 3) 
E) needs (paragraph 4) 
 
9) (PROVA – 2018) EsPCEx The sentence “The tech leader gave some brief thoughts on education” 
(paragraph 1) can be correctly paraphrased in the following terms: 
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A) The tech leader created regulations on education. 
B) The tech leader underestimated education. 
C) The tech leader was concerned about private education. 
D) The tech leader has been studying coding. 
E) The tech leader stated his opinion about education. 
 
10) (PROVA – 2018) EsPCEx What makes this story so interesting is the handwritten note. Today, 
in our digital culture, we have a variety of ways to let people know that we are safe. Text messages, 
voicemail, and different forms of social media can be used to get the information out to loved 
ones. In 2001, when these attacks__________(1), the cellular network was still growing and was not 
as robust as it is today. 
This letter is just one of the many objects that The National Museum of American 
History_________ (2) since 2001. To learn more, visit our online exhibition September 11th: Bearing 
Witness to History. 
 
Adapted from http://americanhistory.si.edu/biog/handwritten-note-september-11-2001 
 
In the sentence "the cellular network... was not as robust as it is today" (paragraph 4), the 
word robust means 
 
A) capable of producing repeated failures in bad conditions. 
B) capable of performing without failure under a variety of conditions. 
C) capable of predicting critical weather changes in other countries. 
D) capable of creating standard responses to technical problems. 
E) capable of manufacturing its own components in bad conditions. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GABARITO 
 
1 - A 3 - E 5 - A 7 - C 9 - E 
2 - D 4 - C 6 - D 8 - B 10 - B 
 
 
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1) (PROVA – 2017) EsPCEx 
How diversity makes us smarter 
 
Decades of research by organizational scientists, psychologists, sociologists, economists and 
demographers show that socially diverse groups (that is, those with a diversity of race, ethnicity, 
gender and sexual orientation) are more innovative than homogeneous groups. It means being 
around people who are different from us makes us more creative, more diligent and more 
hardworking. 
It seems obvious that a group of people with diverse individual expertise would be better 
than a homogeneous group at solving complex, non-routine problems. It is less obvious that social 
diversity should work in the same way - yet the science shows that it does. This is not only because 
people with different backgrounds bring new information. Simply interacting with individuals who 
are different forces group members to prepare better, to anticipate alternative viewpoints and to 
expect that reaching consensus will take effort. 
Diversity of expertise confers benefits that are obvious - you would not think of building a 
new car without engineers, designers and quality-control experts - but what about social diversity? 
The same logic applies to social diversity. People who are different from one another in race, gender 
and other dimensions bring unique information and experiences to bear on the task at hand. A 
male and a female engineer might have perspectives as different from one another as an engineer 
and a physicist - and that is a good thing. 
The fact is that if you want to build teams or organizations capable of innovating, you need 
diversity. Diversity enhances creativity. It encourages the search for novel information and 
perspectives, leading to better decision making and problem solving. Diversity can improve the 
bottom line of companies and lead to discoveries and breakthrough innovations. Even simply being 
exposed to diversity can change the way you think. 
 
Adapted from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-diversity-makes-us-smarter/ 
 
According to the text, choose the correct statement. 
 
A) It takes more than interaction with others to become a better person. 
B) Homogeneous groups work as hard as heterogeneous ones. 
C) According to science, social diversity works just like diversity of expertise. 
D) When it comes to bear on the task at hand, a male is better than a famale. 
E) Solving complex problems is easier than searching for novel information. 
 
2) (PROVA – 2017) EsPCEx Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes the word yet in the 
sentence "It is less obvious that social diversity should work in the same way - yet the science 
shows that it does." (paragraph 2). 
 
A) however 
B) for 
C) such as 
D) thus 
E) because 
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