LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS SINTÁTICOS E SEMÂNTICOS exercícios por temas 2

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Exercício por
Temas
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Considering paraphrase as the sameness of meaning between two linguistically diverse utterances, read the
sentence below:
The teacher: you should study more, otherwise your grades will continue low.
Which of the options below presents a proper paraphrase of the highlighted sentence?
Paraphrases play a variety of roles in discourse, being used in many situations to perform speci�c interactional
functions. Bearing it in mind, read the passage below:
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS SINTÁTICOS E SEMÂNTICOS
Lupa  
 
DGT0638_202001150481_TEMAS
Aluno: FERNANDA DE OLIVEIRA VIANA MACHADO Matr.: 202001150481
Disc.: LÍNGUA INGLESA ASP  2023.3 EAD (G) / EX
Prezado (a) Aluno(a),
Você fará agora seu EXERCÍCIO! Lembre-se que este exercício é opcional, mas não valerá ponto para sua avaliação. O
mesmo será composto de questões de múltipla escolha.
Após responde cada questão, você terá acesso ao gabarito comentado e/ou à explicação da mesma. Aproveite para se
familiarizar com este modelo de questões que será usado na sua AV e AVS.
SEMÂNTICA DA FRASE
 
1.
Study more and improve your grades.
My teacher told me to study and improve my grades.
My teacher told me to stop studying.
My teacher told me to study more or I won't be able to improve my grades.
My teacher told me to stop playing around and improve my grades.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:55:51
Explicação:
First of all, it is necessary to tackle the meaning of the word "otherwise", which is a conjunction used to show
what the result(s) will be if you do not follow a certain suggestion. The only option that conveys this idea is "my
teacher told me to study more or I won't be able to improve my grades." The other alternatives change the
meaning conveyed by the original sentence, either because they do not incorporate the meaning of
'otherwise' or because they change the teacher's recommendation altogether.
 
2.
javascript:voltar();
javascript:voltar();
javascript:voltar();
javascript:voltar();
javascript:diminui();
javascript:diminui();
javascript:aumenta();
javascript:aumenta();
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When the teacher said that our identity is socially constructed within the rules established by society and the
dominant culture, he meant to say that we cannot decide by ourselves who we want to be.
What is the function being performed by the paraphrase in the highlighted passage?
Read the de�nition below:
This type of ambiguity that occurs when the link among the elements within a sentence is not clear, establishing
multiple possibilities of reading for the sentence.
Which of the different types of ambiguity is described in the de�nition above?
Modal scope relations occur when the interpretation of the meaning of the sentence relies on the understanding of
the scope of the modal element. Bearing this de�nition in mind, read the sentences below and mark the one that
represents a modal scope relation.
Ownership recognition.
Synthesizing for solving ambiguity.
Abstraction increasing.
Synthesizing for more abstraction.
Didactic synthesizing.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:55:54
Explicação:
The passage presents a paraphrase used in order to make a certain idea more synthetic and didactic. The
student is basically translating the teacher's ideas into simpler and more concise terms so that the other
students are able to grasp the ideas discussed.
 
3.
Semantic Ambiguity.
Syntactic ambiguity.
Scope ambiguity.
Lexical ambiguity.
Pragmatic Ambiguity.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:55:56
Explicação:
The type of ambiguity caused by the confusing interplay of the constitutive elements of a sentence is known as
syntactic ambiguity. This type of ambiguity occurs in utterances formed by complex and somehow ill-composed
syntactic structures. In sentences constructed by many phrases and syntactic elements, the link among those
items can become confusing, creating a sense of ambiguity within the message.
 
4.
Your bad deeds may haunt you in the future. 
She may panic after �nding out what happened to her sister.
After realizing the truth, you can cry or �ght.
According to the weather forecast, tomorrow may be one of the hottest days of the year.
You must study seriously, or you will fail in this semester's �nals.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:55:57
Explicação:
The only option that presents a modal scope relation in which there is unclarity regarding the meaning of the
sentence due to multiple possible readings of the scope of the modal verb is "After realizing the truth, you can
cry or �ght". Different interpretations of the sentence are possible depending on whether we see the modal
'can' modifying the following elements in an alternative way or in an integrative, generalized way.
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Ambiguity means that that a word or an expression with more one conventional meaning can create hurdles to the
understanding of a message. Based on the notion of ambiguity and its different types, assess the statements below:
I) Semantic ambiguity is the type of ambiguity that occurs when there is blurring in the meaning of the sentence
due to an unclear reference within the sentence. 
II) Syntactic ambiguity occurs when the scope of reference of a certain term is not precise.
III) Scope ambiguity happens when it is not possible to determine which of the previous words is the reference of a
certain term.
Pragmatic ambiguity occurs when the context in which a sentence is uttered changes its literal meaning, granting it
another sense. Based on this de�nition, read the sentences below and mark the one that presents a case of
pragmatic ambiguity:
The following statements refer to �gurative language, that is to the use of language in which the literal and
conventional meaning of the word/expression is replaced by a non-literal reading. Which statements are true?
I) Idioms are chains of words whose meaning is not the combination of the particular meaning of each part of unity. 
II) Formulaic expressions are a speci�c kind of idioms that are formed in line with a standard type of structure, that
comprises usually a verb followed by its objective. 
III) Sayings are crystalized linguistic forms whose meaning is not a product of spontaneous combination.
 
5.
II and III are correct.
II is correct.
I is correct.
I, II and III are correct.
I and II are correct.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:55:59
Explicação:
Semantic ambiguity happens when the reference of a term within the sentence becomes fuzzy, implicating in the
semantic confusion. This type of ambiguity is divided in scope ambiguity and anaphoric ambiguity. Scope
ambiguity occurs when the scope of reference of a certain term is not precise, whereas anaphoric ambiguity
happens when it is not possible to determine which of the previous words is the reference of a certain term.
 
6.
No one comes here and doesn't eat my pies.
This sandwich is so yummy.
Ten of my students have �unked my course 6 times.
Triangles are geometrical �gures with lots of applications.
Can you close the door?
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:56:01
Explicação:
The only example in which the literal meaning of the sentence is altered by the in�uence of contextual factors is
Can you close the door?. Mostly when this type of construction is produced, the meaning aimed by the speaker is
not the literal meaning of the sentence (asking a question), but a contextually meaningful variation of it: asking
politely someone to do something for you.
 
7.
II and III are true.
Only II is true.
Only III is true.
Only I is true.
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The notion of scope relation is closely linked with the idea of semantic scope, that is the zone of reach within which
a certain element has semantic in�uence. 
Bearing this idea in mind, assess the followingstatements and the relationship between them:
I. Scope relations are also intimate to the idea of ambiguity. 
BECAUSE
II. Both presume the existence of more than one possible reading to a certain utterance.
Scope relations are types of semantic relationships in which the understanding of a certain element within a
sentence depends on the interpretation of another. Based on this de�nition, read the options below and mark the
one that presents a correct example of scope relation:
Binomials are de�ned as a sequence of two words that belong to the same word-class and have a crystalized
meaning that is somehow independent of the meaning of its components. Based on this de�nition, read the
sentences below and mark the one that contains a correct example of binomial:
I and II are true.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:56:03
Explicação:
idioms are combinations of words with non-literal meaning while tournure idioms are a speci�c kind of idiom,
composed of a particular kind of structure. Finally, formulaic expressions are crystalized linguistic forms.
Therefore, only I is true.
 
8.
I and II are incorrect.
I and II are correct but II does not justify I.
Only II is correct.
I and II are correct and, II correctly justi�es I.
Only I is correct.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:56:06
Explicação:
Semantic scope is the semantic zone of reach of a certain element while ambiguity is closely related to scope
relation due to the fact both notions presume the existence of multiple readings within the same utterance.
 
9.
Fair is foul and foul is fair.
Eleven of my students didn't come to class today due to the bad weather.
To live is to die.
The six guys in that table drank more than ten margaritas.
My sister, my mother and I were informed of the theft of our car.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:56:07
Explicação:
The only option in which the correct interpretation of one element depends on the interpretation of another is
'the six guys in that table drank more than ten margaritas' since the interpretation of how many margaritas each
guy drank depends on the way we understand the meaning of the quanti�er 'ten'. Quanti�ers, negation,
generalizers as well as modals may establish scope relations.
 
10.
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When I am feeling sad, I always try to eat healthy.
Handling this type of situation requires step by step measures.
There is a thin line between love and hate.
If we look closely, nothing stays the same.
Yesterday we went to the movies after my daughter came back from school.
Data Resp.: 30/09/2023 20:56:09
Explicação:
the only example of a group of words formed by a crystalized word structure in which the meaning abstracts
from the meaning of each of its elements is "handling this type of situation requires step by step measures". Step
by step is an example of a binomial.
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Exercício por Temas inciado em 30/09/2023 20:55:49.