conjunctions_subordinating

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Business English Success ESFORAY GmbH
Subordinating 
Conjunctions
WHAT THEY ARE, WHEN TO USE, HOW TO USE, EXAMPLES
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Business English Success ESFORAY GmbH
Subordinating Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions are also called subordinators.
They join an independent clause and a dependent clause and show their relationship.
Clause order has punctuation implications.
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Business English Success ESFORAY GmbH
Subordinating Conjunctions
There are many subordinators. We will look at some common ones here:
➢although
➢while
➢however
➢if
➢though
➢even if
➢because
➢until
➢since
Did you notice that the first letters of this list spell ‘a white bus’?
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Subordinating Conjunctions Examples
➢I’m always ready to learn although I don’t always like being taught.
➢Peter sneezes whenever he sees pepper.
➢Our boss said we can get to the conference however we want.
➢You will fail the exam if you don’t do your homework.
➢Though he failed the last exams, he passed the last one of the term.
➢I won’t give you a piece of cake even if you beg.
➢Sue couldn’t go to the party because she had to go to work.
➢Let’s stay indoors until it stops raining.
➢Since the traffic was bad, we were late for our appointment.
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Clause Order
We can swap the order of clauses and preserve the meaning. 
If the dependent clause comes first, we need a comma.
➢Sue couldn’t go to the party because she had to go to work.
➢Because she had to go to work, Sue couldn’t go to the party.
➢We need a comma if the dependent clause comes first.
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